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Asm 24173

The document contains a series of short and long answer questions related to ecology, adaptations of animals and plants, and the relationships between living organisms and their environment. Key topics include the definitions of herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores, the importance of plants to animals and vice versa, and specific adaptations that help various species survive in their habitats. Examples provided include the adaptations of camels, water lilies, and fish, as well as the concept of camouflage in animals.

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17 views6 pages

Asm 24173

The document contains a series of short and long answer questions related to ecology, adaptations of animals and plants, and the relationships between living organisms and their environment. Key topics include the definitions of herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores, the importance of plants to animals and vice versa, and specific adaptations that help various species survive in their habitats. Examples provided include the adaptations of camels, water lilies, and fish, as well as the concept of camouflage in animals.

Uploaded by

jiviteshbansal817
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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C. SHORT- ANSWER QUESTIONS:Give one – word answers.

Q1. What do you mean by ecology?


Answer- The study of the relationship between living things
and their environment is called ecology.

Q2. How does hibernation help a dormouse ?


Answer- It helps dormouse to save energy and survive the
winter without eating much.

Q3. What prevents grass from breaking in windy


conditions?
Answer – - Flexible stalks so that they bend and do not
break in windy conditions.

Q4. Give an example of an animal specialised to eat food


that few others eat. What adaptation does the animal have
to eat that food ?
Answer- Parrots and Toucans are examples of animals
specialised to eat food that few others eat.
- They have strong curved beaks to crack open the tough
shells.

Q5. Why are only green plants called producers?


Answer- Green plants produce their own food using
sunlight, carbon dioxide from the air and water from the
soil. Hence, green plants are known as producers.

Q6. Lions have strong claws that can be withdrawn inside


their toes . How does this help the lion ?
Answers- The strong claws of a lion helps the lion in stalking
its prey silently and to attack it without being heard.

Q7. Mention two adaptations in plants growing in deserts


that help them survive in scarcity of water.

Answer- The two adaptations of desert plants that enable


them to survive a scarcity of water are:
1. Desert plants have fleshy stems, known as succulent
stems, that can store water.
2. The leaves of many desert plants, such as cacti are
modified into spines to reduce loss of water.

Q8. How do streamlined bodies help water animals?


Answer – Streamlined bodies of water animals reduce the
resistance from water during swimming and enable them to
swim fast.

D. LONG- ANSWER QUESTIONS: Answer these questions.

Q1.Explain the difference between herbivores, carnivores


and omnivores.
Answer –

Herbivore Carnivore Omnivore


Herbivorous animals feed Carnivorous animals eat the flesh An omnivorous animal can ea
on plants. of other animals. both plants and other animals.
Herbivorous animals have Carnivorous animals have well Omnivorous animals have teeth
sharp cutting teeth in front developed sharp teeth, known as in between that of herbivores
of their mouths and flat canines to help tear the flesh of and carnivores. They have
grinding teeth at the rear prey. Carnivorous animals also sharp teeth to tear meat, but
of their mouths have claws to hold on to prey. also posses flat grinding teeth t
to crush plants.
Examples of herbivores
include cows, goats, Examples of carnivores include Examples of omnivores include
buffaloes, deer, zebra lions, tigers, eagles, leopards etc. humans, bears, pigs etc.
etc.
Q2.Mention two ways in which plants are useful to animals
and vice versa.

Answer – Plants are useful to animals in following ways:


1. A source of food: All animals depend upon plants,
either directly or indirectly, for food.
2. A source of oxygen: The oxygen required for the
respiration of animals is generated by plants.

Animals are useful to plants in following ways:

1. Dispersal of seeds: Plants depend upon animals for the


dispersal of seeds.
2. Manure: The excreta of animals and also their dead
bodies add nutrients to the soil that plants use for their
growth.

Q3.What is the difference between biotic and abiotic


components of the environment ?
Answer-
Biotic components Abiotic components
These include the biological These include the physical
environment or living organisms. environment.
Examples: Plants and animals Examples: Minerals, air,
such as deer, lions, hyenas etc water, sunlight, humidity etc
Q4.What is adaptation? What is its importance? Explain
with the help of two examples.

Answer- Living organisms (plants and animals) exhibit


particular features that enable them to survive in their
habitats. Such features are known as adaptations. Two
examples of adaptation are:
1. To prevent water loss from leaves by transpiration in
the hot climates of deserts, cacti have leaves modified
into spines.
2. Animals living in extremely cold climates, such as polar
bears have thick coats of fur and large deposits of fat
to insulate them against the cold.

Q5.Give an example of an animal that uses camouflage to


escape from enemies, and another that uses camouflage
to catch its prey . Explain how the camouflage helps each
of them.

Answer – Camouflage is an adaptation by which an animal


shows coloration or body features that allows it to blend
with the environment. This can be useful to either evade
predators, or to capture prey.

1. Stick insects are coloured and patterned like twigs on a


tree. This makes it very hard for predators to see them.
2. Tigers have a striped, orange pelt. This enables the
tiger to camouflage itself, enabling it to sneak up to its
prey.
Q6.List three adaptations each that the following have to
survive in the environment they live in.
(a) Camel (b) water lily. (c) fish

Answer - a) Camel:
1. A camel has a hump where fat is stored, which enables
a camel to survive food scarcity.
2. A camel can drink a lot of water at a time and then
survive for a long time without water.
3. A camel does not sweat, excretes little water as urine
and passes very dry dung to help minimize the wastage
of water.

(b) Water lily:

1. It has long, narrow stems that are not damaged by


water currents.
2. It has air spaces to enable the plant to float.
3. Water lilies have large flat leaves with waxy,
waterproof upper surfaces.

(c) Fishes:
1. They have a streamlined shape to help reduce water
resistance.
2. Fishes have gills to respire under water.
3. Fishes have scales and mucous on their bodies to make
them waterproof and reduce water resistance while
swimming.
Q7.Lions have eyes in front while deer have eyes on the
side. How do these adaptations help the lion and the
deer?
Answer - Lions are predators. Their eyes are therefore
located on the front of their heads. This enables the lion to
estimate accurately the distance to their prey while
attacking it.
- Deer have eyes on the sides of their heads. This enables
them to look out for approaching predators over a wider
range and escape.

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