DEPARTMENT OF ECE

QUESTION BANK

EC2415 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

II YEAR ECE

Name:…………………………………………….

Class:…………………… Section:…………….

Reg No………………………………………….
 VISION OF THE COLLEGE

 To provide world class engineering education for individuals to become technologically superior, socially
conscious and responsible citizens for the welfare of mankind

MISSION OF THE COLLEGE

 1.To achieve academic excellence by imparting knowledge and skills through problem solving, practical
training and design & development of innovative projects.
 2. To develop leadership and inter disciplinary team skills through effective communication training and
inculcating ethical behavior.
 3.To carry out applied research in Engineering & Technology and facilitate life-long learning.

QUALITY POLICY
 1.Providing excellent infrastructure and conducive learning environment .
 2.Building a pleasant work culture and motivating everybody to contribute their best.
 3.Responding proactively to the changing the needs of industry,parents and the society by embracing latest
technological trends in the field of education.
 4.Complying with requirements of standards and striving continually to improve the quality of operations of the
institution.

Vision Statement of the Department

To be a center of academic excellence by imparting quality teaching, facilitating research,
innovation, value creation and technology development in frontier areas of Electronics and Communication
Engineering.
Mission Statements of the Department

1. To provide quality and contemporary education in the domain of ECE to produce globally
competitive engineers.
2. To create an academically ambient environment with effective teaching-learning process, best-of-
breed laboratory facility and collaborative ventures with industries.
3. To impart the fundamentals and basic skills to nurture creative ideas, innovative solutions and multi
disciplinary design approaches.
4. To develop entrepreneurship qualities and good management practices by adhering to the professional
ethical code.
5. To include a sense of responsibility towards nation building, social causes and environment
conservation.
 Program Educational Objectives (PEOs)

PEO.1: Our graduates will acquire advanced degrees in engineering and other related disciplines, possess
the desire and capability to grow continuously in professional ability, able to reach organizational
goals by adhering to sound professional practices and the highest ethical principles
PEO.2: Our graduates will approach any multidisciplinary engineering challenge capable of adapting to
changing technologies, to compete for a successful career in industry, academia and the public
sector in their profession through global education standards.
PEO.3: Our graduates will acquire the skills to identify, formulate, analyze, design and develop an
engineering system, component or process as per technological needs of design specifications.
PEO.4: Our graduates will exhibit excellent oral and written communication talents to demonstrate peer
recognized expertise in the core areas of ECE.
 PROGRAM OUTCOMES (PO)

Electronics and Communication Engineering Graduates will be able to:

PO1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals,
and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
PO2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex engineering
problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and
engineering sciences.
PO3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and design
system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for the public
health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
PO4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research methods
including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to
provide valid conclusions.
PO5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
engineering and IT tools including prediction and modelling to complex engineering activities with an
understanding of the limitations.
PO6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal,
health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional
engineering practice.
PO7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in
societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable
development.
PO8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of
the engineering practice.
PO9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in
diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
PO10.Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering
community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and
design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
PO11.Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering
and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to
manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
PO12.Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.

PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSO)

PSO1. To analyze, design and develop solutions by applying foundational concepts of electronics
and communication engineering.
PSO2. To apply design principles and best practices for developing quality products for scientific
and business applications.
PSO3. To adapt to emerging information and communication technologies (ICT) to innovate
ideas and solutions to existing/novel problems.
 PSNA College of Engineering & Technology, Dindigul – 624 622.
Department of ECE
Question Bank
Subject Name:Communication Systems Branch : ECE
Subject Code : EC2415 Year / Sem. :II/IV Sem
UNIT I
PART A
1. What are the advantages of VSB-AM?
2. State heterodyning principle.
3. What are the advantages of modulating low frequency signal into high frequency signal?
4. List the types of AM modulators?
5. Define Coherent Detection.
6. Why do you need modulation in communication systems?
7. Identify the differences between single side band and vestigial side band systems.
8. Draw the AM modulated wave for modulation index=0.5 and its spectra.
9. Apply the concepts of power relations and find the total power in a modulated wave if the carrier is 10
watts and amplitude modulated to a depth of 80%.
10. Distinguish between high level and low level modulation?
11. A transmitter radiates 9kW without modulation and 10.125kW after modulation. Determine depth of
modulation.
12. Summarize the methods for generating SSB-SC signal.

PART B
1. Derive the basic equation of an AM signal, calculate the total power, efficiency and draw its frequency
spectrum.

2. Derive the expression of a FM signal, draw its frequency spectrum and calculate its bandwidth.

3. Compare all analog modulation techniques.

4. Explain superheterodyne receiver with a neat block diagram.

5. Explain pre-envelope and complex envelope.

6. Explain the generation of SSB using Phase Shift Method.

 UNIT II
PART A
1. List the properties of Bessel function.
2. What is the bandwidth required for an FM signal in which the modulating frequency is 2 KHz and the
maximum deviation is 10KHz.
3. State Carson’s rule.
4. Depending on the value of modulation index, distinguish the two cases of FM.
5. How FM is obtained from PM?
6. Prove that NBFM frequency spectrum is limited to 2fm.
7. What is narrow and wide band FM.
8. What is white noise?
9. Define Noise equivalent temperature.
10. What is narrow band noise?
11. Draw the Noisy receiver model.
12. What is the figure of merit of an AM system with 100 percent modulation?
13. Compare the noise performance of an AM and FM system?
14. Define figure of merit. How it can used to analyze the noise performance in various CW modulation
receivers.
15. Define the signal to noise ratio.
PART B
1. Explain: Random variables, random process, Gaussian noise and white noise.

2. Derive the Figure of Merit of DSBSC system.

3. Calculate the FoM of AM and FM system.

4. With supporting derivation prove that if a signal contains no frequencies higher than W hertz, it may be
reconstructed from its samples at the sequence of points spaced 1/2W seconds apart.

5. What is quantization? What are its types? Calculate the quantization noise of uniform quantizer.

6. What is meant by a compander? What are the types of compression?

7. What is quantization noise? Derive the expression for signal to quantization noise ratio using uniform
quantizer.
8. Explain in detail about PAM, PWM and PPM.
9. Describe in detail about Time division Multiplexing.
 UNIT III

PART A
1. What is the Nyquist’s condition for Zero inter symbol interference?
2. Summarize the need of Line Codes.
3. Why Delta Modulation is superior to Differential Pulse Code Modulation?
4. Express the data 10011 using the Manchester code format.
5. Demonstrate the techniques to overcome slope overload and granular noise in DM.
6. Illustrate the difference between DM and ADM.
7. Outline the theory of APB and APF.
8. Construct unipolar and RZ code for the binary data 01101001.
9. Show the properties of line coding.
10. Summarize the applications of LPC.
11. Formulate the model of LPC.
12. Identify the need of prediction filtering.

PART B
1. Explain Differential PCM with neat block diagram.
2. Explain Delta Modulation and adaptive delta modulation with neat block diagram.
3. Draw the block diagram of the transmitter and receiver sections of DPCM and explain the function
performed by each block.
4. Draw the block diagram of the transmitter and receiver sections of ADPCM and explain the function
performed by each block.
5. Explain Linear predictive coding.
6. Compare the power spectra of different binary formats.
7. Derive the power spectral density of NRZ unipolar format.
 UNIT IV
PART A
1. Write the expression for bit error rate for coherent binary FSK.
2. Bring out the difference between coherent and non-coherent binary modulation schemes.
3. Draw an illustrative figure to show the operation of a correlation receiver.
4. Compare the probability of error of PSK with that of FSK.
5. In a coherent FSK system, we have to ---------- the bit energy to noise density ratio, Eb/No in order to
maintain the same average error rate at coherent binary FSK system.
6. At high values of Eb/No ----- and ------- perform almost as we have coherent PSK and conventional
coherent FSK respectively, to realize the same error rate
7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of DPSK?
8. Draw the waveform for the binary data sequence 101100 modulated under FSK and PSK.
9. Compare BPSK and QPSK in terms of their bandwidths and their error performance.
10. Give the special features of matched filters.
11. What is the need for synchronization?
12. Give the signal space representations of QPSK. How is the performance of the system related to the
distance between the symbols in the signal space?
PART B
1. Draw the block diagram of QPSK transmitter and coherent QPSK receiver and explain their operation.
Obtain it’s probability of error in terms of Eb/No and compare the bit error rate of coherent PSK, coherent
QPSK and Coherent FSK.

2. Explain BPSK signal transmission and coherent BPSK reception with suitable diagrams. Derive an
expression for the probability of symbol error for this scheme.

3. Explain BFSK signal transmission and coherent BFSK reception with suitable diagrams. Derive an
expression for the probability of symbol error for this scheme.

4. Draw the block diagram of QAM transmitter and coherent QAM receiver and explain their operation. Obtain
it’s probability of error in terms of Eb/No.

5. Compare all digital Modulation Schemes.

6. Explain DPSK with neat diagram.

7. Compare the probability of error for digital modulation techniques.

8. Explain about the Optimum demodulation of digital signal over band limited channels.

9. Explain in detail about detection theory.

 UNIT V

PART A
1. What is meant by syndrome of a linear block code? How it is computed?
2.
Draw the diagram of a convolutional encoder of rate ½ with generator polynomial : g (1)(D)=1+D+D2
g(2)(D)=1.
3. State the fundamental difference between block code and convolutional codes.
4. How will you define Coding gain with reference to error control codes?
5. What are the fundamental properties exhibited by cyclic codes?
6. What is meant by constraint length of a convolutional code?
7. Define Minimum distance and hamming weight.
8. Define linear block code and state its salient features.
9. What is entropy?
10. State any four properties of entropy.
11. Explain the significance of the entropy H(X/Y) of a communication system where X is the transmitter.
12. What is information theory?
13. Define channel capacity of the discrete memory less channel.

PART B

1. The parity check digits of a (6,3) linear block code are generated by the equations:
V6=u1+u3
V5=u1+u2+u3
V4=u1+u2
where V4, V5 and are parity digits and u1,u2, and u3 are message digits.
(i) Find the generator and parity check matrix of this code in systematic form.
(ii) Find the error detecting and correcting capabilities of this code
(iii) Draw the circuit for encoder and syndrome computation of this code.

2. Draw the diagram of the ½ rate convolutional encoder with generator polynomials
g(1)(D)=1+D, g(2)(D)=1+D+D2 and compute the encoder output for the input sequence 101101.

3. Consider a rate ½ non systematic convolutional code with g (1)={1,0,1} and g(2)= {1,1,1}.
Determine the encoder output corresponding to the data sequence {1 0 1 0 1}. If the first and the fourth bits
of the encoded sequence are affected during transmission, demonstrate the error correcting capability of the
Viterbi algorithm.
4. Let g(x) be the generator polynomial of a cyclic code C. Find a scheme for encoding the data sequence (d0,
d1,….. dk-1) into an (n,k) systematic code C.
5. A (15,5) linear cyclic code has a generator polynomial, g(D)=1+D+D 2+D4+D5+D8+D10.
Draw block diagram of an encoder and syndrome calculator for this code. Find the code polynomial
in systematic form for the message polynomial m(D)= 1+D 2+D4. Is y(D)= 1+D4+D6+D8+D14 a code
polynomial? If not, find the syndrome of y(D).
6. Design an encoder for the (7,4) binary cyclic code generated by g(x)=1+x2+x3 and verify the
operation using the message vector 1011.
7. What do you mean by binary symmetric channel? Derive channel capacity formula for symmetric channel.
8. Construct binary optical code for the following probability symbols using Huffman procedure and calculate
entropy of the source, average code Length, efficiency, redundancy and variance 0.2, 0.18, 0.12, 0.1, 0.1,
0.08, 0.06, 0.06, 0.06, 0.04.
9. Design a Shannon Fano code for the source. Determine the average code length and efficiency. Source emits
one of the four symbols A, B, C and D with probabilities 1/3, 1/6, ¼ respectively the emissions of symbols
by the source are statistically independent.
10. Explain in detail Shannon fano coding algorithm and compare this with the other types of coding.