COMPUTER

LABORATO
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MANUAL
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COMPUTER LABORATORY MANUAL

In the twenty-first century, technology plays a significant role in education.

Computers are available on the demand throughout the school day under
the new model of integrating the technology into the curriculum.
Technology teachers and administrators must devise a technology strategy
that maximizes the effectiveness and efficiency of the computer hardware
at their disposal.
The computer lab, whether using desktops or laptops, Macs or PCs, remains
the hub of most computing activity in schools.

The computer laboratory manual is for teachers, students, and school staff
who will use the computer lab. This will allow users of the laboratory to be
always guided, even if no laboratory personnel are present. In the same
way, this will assist teachers and laboratory personnel in instilling
knowledge of proper laboratory usage among students.
Students will be guided in learning, understanding, and transferring skills
using this manual, which contains information about the topic.

DEFINITION

A computer laboratory is a place which aid and services to a small group of

people.
In a school, a room or space with computers committed to pedagogical use,
including school libraries. A computer laboratory must be free of distracting
and must be safe to a learner, non-pedagogical content, and learners and
teachers must require authorization to access credentials.

PURPOSE OF LABORATORY MANUAL

 to develop a laboratory manual students and teachers of SJCCI

using computer laboratory.
 to make available booklet that will serve as a guide for students
working in the computer lab.
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 and to adapt to the department's changing needs and situation.

3 TYPES OF COMPUTER LABORATORY

The traditional one-room computer lab has evolved into three types of
computer labs:

1. Traditional laboratory with desktop computers,

2. Mobile laptop laboratory that moves from classroom to classroom, and
3. Mini labs located in individual classrooms for teachers to use in their
daily work without having to leave their classroom.

FUNCTION COMPUTER LABORATORY

The computer lab is where the whole class are taught how to use
computers, which is usually done by a computer specialist teacher.
Teachers can also use the lab with their students to conduct research or
create technology-based projects. Teachers are instructed on various
aspects of using computers in educational settings by computer specialists
who use the computer laboratory for teacher in-services. The traditional
computer laboratory is frequently used to house networked printers and
scanners for the entire school.

CONSIDERATIONS

Three key issues must be carefully considered when designing a computer

lab. The computer teacher must decide whether to use whiteboards or
bulletin boards on the walls. Whiteboards are useful for teaching purposes,
while bulletin boards are useful for displaying student work. Scheduling is a
problem that necessitates innovative thinking.

A sign-up calendar can be posted on the front door of the computer

laboratory by the computer teacher or Computer Coordinator so that
teachers can reserve free lab time for their classes. One of the issues is
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keeping track of POLICIES

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how much time students spend on computers. The computer teacher can
control all the computers in the lab from a single workstation using
computer lab management software. This is critical for maintaining student
focus during whole-class instruction.

HAZARDS IN COMPUTER LABORATORY

Chemical hazards. Risk of injury from equipment. Possible electrical hazard,

explosion hazard, fatal inhalation hazard depending upon the laboratory.

Computer lab:
 ergonomics.
 electrical routing of wires.
 electrical outlets.
 Lab's hours of operation.

ADVISOR

Y BRINGING IN OF PERSONAL

BELONGINGS

Students should only bring what they will need in their computer lab
terminals, which will be assigned to them. Their valuables, such as jewelry,
cell phones, wallets, and handbags, are among them. Students with large
bags are asked to put them on the shelves.

Note: The student concerned is held liable for any items left on the
shelves. As a precautionary measure, students are also advised to leave
their valuable items in a more secure location before going to any
computer laboratories to avoid theft.

Students are not permitted to bring laptop inside the computer lab. If
students need to use it for a presentation, they must first obtain
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from the Information Technology Services (Office prior to the presentation
date.

THE USE OF CELLPHONE INSIDE COMPUTER LABORATORY

When entering a computer lab, all cellphones must be switched to silent

mode. When a student needs to make or receive a phone call, he or she
must exit the lab to avoid distracting other lab users.

COMPUTER LABORATORY GUIDELINES, POLICIES, AND RULES

1. Log-on with your username and password for your use only. Never
share your username and password.

2. Inside the computer lab, personal belongings such as backpacks and

bags are permitted. Large bags must be placed on shelves designated for
that purpose for the sake of convenience.

3. Students are advised to be on guard with their belongings (i.e. cell

phone, wallet, and other electronic devices). The IT personnel will not be
held liable for the loss or damage of any personal property of laboratory
users.

4. The laboratory assistant on duty must ensure that students remain at

the terminals assigned to them. It is not permitted to swap tag numbers.
Within the lab, loitering is also forbidden.

5. Only one student should occupy one computer terminal.

6. In case of group work, the laboratory assistant may allow a maximum

of two students to occupy a single terminal.

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7. No one is allowed to alter the setting configuration of any
computer laboratory facility without permission of IT personnel.

8. Only approved IT personnel are allowed to transfer equipment and cables.

9. Without approval from the IT services, users are not permitted to link
personal hardware or software to any of the computer laboratory's
networks.

10. Respect the equipment. Do not remove or disconnect parts, cables,

or labels.

11. Any malfunction or damage observed at the terminals assigned must

be immediately reported to the laboratory assistant on duty.

12. Chewing gum, eating, drinking, smoking, and any form of vandalism
are prohibited inside the computer laboratory.

13. Games are not allowed inside the computer laboratory. This includes
computer-related games, card games and other games that may disturb
the operation of the laboratory.

14. Accessing PORNOGRAPHIC sites is strictly prohibited.

15. Individuals who engage in offensive or intimidating conduct, such as

shouting, cursing, or failing to comply with lab personnel's demands, will
be asked to leave.

16. Display of personal affection inside the laboratory is prohibited.

17. Computer laboratories are designated for academic use only.

18. Do not personalize the computer settings. (This includes desktop,

screen saver, etc.)
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19. Ask permission to print.

20. Log-off — leave the computer ready for the next person to use. Pick-
up your materials and push in the chair.

21. The laboratory assistant has the right to advise any user to leave
the premises in case the user violates any of the policies.

COMPUTER LABORATORY PROCEDURES

Preparation for Computer Instruction

1. Teacher should review computer instructions prior to class for efficient

use of the computers.

2. Teachers must instruct students in Internet Safety.

3. Teachers should review with their students the Acceptable User Policy.

4. Teachers should verify URLs are accessible and appropriate prior

instructional activities.

5. Teacher must always remain in the lab and is responsible for

discipline.

6. Teacher must submit report for any computer with missing or

damaged hardware or peripherals.

General Procedures

1. Teachers are expected to conduct frequent screen checks to keep a

close eye on their students' activities.

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2. Any non-functioning technology equipment should be reported to the
IT expert's staff.

3. Students should only send the print command to the printer once.
If information is not printing, there is a reason.

4. Students must close all open windows, applications, and log out
before leaving the lab.

INTERNET SAFETY RULES

1. KEEP SENSITIVE INFORMATION PRIVATE.

With so many recent data breaches, it’s critical that students learn to keep
certain information private at a young age.

2. DON’T INTERACT WITH STRANGERS.

Messaging apps and social media has made it easier than ever for students
to encounter the wrong person. Your students need to know that online
strangers are potential predators will lie to them.

3. KNOW THE LAWS THAT PROTECT YOU, YOUR PRIVACY, AND YOUR
RIGHTS.
Teachers need to teach and be familiar with the laws and acts that are in
place to keep students safe. These include:

Child’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA)

Child Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Cyberbullying laws
CIPA relates to the school’s responsibility to censor the computer access on
the campus, COPPA puts the responsibility on website operators to protect
children’s’ privacy. Understanding all these laws is paramount in educating
your students.

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4. ZERO TOLERANCE OF CYBERBULLYING, IF YOU SEE IT, REPORT IT.
These internet policies must include cyberbullying prevention and reporting.
According to StopBullying.gov, 9% of students in grades 6–12 experienced
cyberbullying, and this bullying can have severe and even life-threatening
consequences. Students must understand the severity of it and know that
real ramifications will be enforced for anyone who’s caught participating in
it.

5. ENGAGE IN APPROPRIATE ONLINE BEHAVIOR.

Students need to understand the basics of what constitutes appropriate
online behavior. This could be taught by giving examples of appropriate
behavior and appropriate actions.

6. DON’T DOWNLOAD ANYTHING WITHOUT PERMISSION.

Viruses often infect computers when someone downloads an infected file.
This is just one-way hackers can access personal information; by
implementing this rule, you’re one step closer to keeping private
information,
and your devices, safe.

7. DON’T CLICK ON ANY SUSPICIOUS LINKS.

Links are another way virus can get into a computer. Students are
especially susceptible to pop-up scams and malevolent links that contain
viruses and spyware.

8. DON’T OVERSHARE ON SOCIAL MEDIA; ONCE YOU POST IT, IT NEVER

TRULY GOES AWAY
Nearly half of kids have regretted something they posted on social media,
according to McAfee. While this could fall under appropriate online behavior,
social media has provided students with a platform to broadcast to the
world at any time of the day.

9. TREAT ONLINE RELATIONSHIPS WITH CAUTION.

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Another important topic is online relationships and the complications of
relationships in the digital age. Many underaged children are “catfished” by
older people lying about their identity, often going so far as to have full fake
profiles complete with pictures and many friends or followers just to look
more legitimate.

10. KEEP A CLEAN DIGITAL FOOTPRINT.

The importance and permanence of students’ digital footprint and how their
Internet conduct could affect their future is a crucial piece of these rules.
Things that they send via text, social media, email, etc. are never truly
deleted—just don’t do it. Continue to reiterate that their Internet choices can
affect their futures, including relationships, college admissions, and job
opportunities.

The internet unlocks a wealth of information, students just need guidance on

how to navigate the online world. Anyone using the internet is susceptible to
hackers and viruses, and the best chance students must combat this is with
safe Internet practices.

EQUIPMENT OPERATIONS AND RELATED ISSUES

1.1 Maintenance

Only trained individuals should fix faulty equipment. Please contact IT

expert in the event of any problems.
All machines should be powered off and disconnected from the mains
before being opened for inspection or cleaning. Even small electrical
charges or static can cause irreparable damage to equipment.
Computers contain small and valuable parts that are easily removed – often
with little visible change to the machine but rendering the computer
completely inoperable. It is important that only trusted individuals have
access to, or are allowed to open, the computers.

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The school administration and teachers should be familiar with the parts of
a computer and conduct regular checks to ensure nothing is missing or
taken. IT personnel will provide you with a full inventory, including parts,
when you receive the computers for your lab.

1.2 Troubleshooting

KEYBOARD NOT RESPONDING

Press the Num Lock key to ensure the keyboard is connected and active.
(The corresponding LED light should blink on and off).

COMPUTER PARTS

RAM
RAM: Random Access Memory. A computer may have multiple RAM sticks. If
all the RAM sticks are removed, the computer cannot function and will not
turn on. If some, but not all, of the RAM IS removed the computer will
operate very slowly.

Hard Drive
The hard drive stores all the computer’s information; Hard Disk Drives
(HDD’s) come in a range of sizes – the larger the hard drive the more space
there is to store information. Without a hard drive, the computer cannot
operate.

Motherboard
The motherboard contains all the components, including the Central
Processing Unit (CPU), and all parts of the computer are connected to it. If
the motherboard is damaged, the computer will not work. If the processor is
taken out, the computer will not work. A processor is very difficult and not
generally viable, to replace.

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