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IIPUC-Chapter-6-OOps Concepts

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a design approach that organizes programs into modular units called objects, emphasizing data encapsulation and abstraction. It offers advantages over procedural programming, such as improved modularity, reusability, and maintainability, while also presenting challenges like increased complexity and size. Key characteristics of OOP include abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and message passing.

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8 views3 pages

IIPUC-Chapter-6-OOps Concepts

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a design approach that organizes programs into modular units called objects, emphasizing data encapsulation and abstraction. It offers advantages over procedural programming, such as improved modularity, reusability, and maintainability, while also presenting challenges like increased complexity and size. Key characteristics of OOP include abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and message passing.

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arpitasubhash2007
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Chapter -6
Basic concept of OOPs
(1+2+0+5)
Define OOPs
– Object oriented programming is the principle of design and development of programs using modular approach.

1. Mention Difference between procedural programming and object programming.


Procedural programming:
1. Large programs are divided into smaller programs known as functions.
2. Data is not hidden and can be accessed by external function.
3. Follows top down approach in the program design.
4. Data may communicate with each other through functions.
5. Emphasis is on procedure rather than data.
Object Oriented Programming:
1. Programs are divided into objects.
2. Data is hidden and cannot be accessed by external world.
3. Follows bottom-up approach in the program design.
4. Object may communicate with each other through functions.
5. Emphasis is on data rather than procedure.

2. Mention advantages of OOP’s over procedure programming language


 The programs are modularized based on the principle of classes and objects
 Linking code and objects allows related objects duplication and code reusability
 Creation and implementation of oops code is easy and reduces software development time
 The concept of data abstraction separates object specification and object implementation
 Data encapsulation along with functions that are extended non-member function then can’t access and modify
data that provides data security.
 OOP can communicate through message passing which makes interface description with the system very
simple.

Basic concepts of OOPS


Objects: - Object represents data and associated functions as a single unit.
Note: the term object is used inconsistently in the literature, referring sometimes to instances and other times to
classes.
Method – Method represents real-world actions; methods are used to change the object’s attributes values or to return
the value of selected objects attributes.
3. Mention Advantage of OOPS
 The programs are modularized based on the principle of classes and objects
 Linking code and objects allows related objects duplication and code reusability
 Creation and implementation of oops code is easy and reduces software development time
 The concept of data abstraction separates object specification and object implementation
 Data encapsulation along with functions that are extended non-member function then can’t access and modify
data that provides data security.
 OOP can communicate through message passing which makes interface description with the system very
simple.

No 197, Sairam krupa, Above SBI, Rajarajeshwarinagara, Bangaluru-560098.


www.vagdeviinstitute.com / [email protected] / +91 9845352222
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OR
1. Modularity: It separates program into different parts, it is easy to work.
2. Simplicity: Because program is divided into modules, the complexity of the program is reduced and the
program structure becomes clear and simple.
3. Modifiability: it is easy to make minor changes in the data representation or the procedures used in an object-
oriented program.
4. Maintainability: Because design is modular, part of the system can be updated in case of issues without making
large changes.
5. Reusability: Objects can be reused in different programs.
6. Extensibility: object can be extended to include new attributes and behaviour’s.

4. Mention Disadvantage of OOPS


1. Object oriented programs require a lot of work to create.
2. Object oriented programs are slower than other programs. Particularly because of size.
3. Object oriented programs are much larger than other programs.

5. Mention Limitation of OOP


1. There are no set standards for OOPs.
2. The classes are overly generalized.
3. Difficult adopt flow diagrams.
4. To convert real life problem into OOP is difficult.

6. Mention Application of OOP


1. Computer graphics application.
2. Artificial intelligence and expert systems.
3. Simulation and modelling.
4. Real time system.
5. Object oriented databases
6. Image processing system
7. Pattern recognition
8. Mobile computing
9. CAD/CAM software

7. Explain Characteristics of OOPS

1. Abstraction – Hides its internal operations from the rest of the program. it makes it unnecessary for the client
programs to know how the data is internally arranged in the object

2. Encapsulation - Encapsulation is a way of combining data and associated function into a single unit.

3. Inheritance – It is the capability of a class to inherit the properties of another class. the class that inherits the
properties form another class it is known a derived class. the class that provides its properties to a sub class is known
a base class.

No 197, Sairam krupa, Above SBI, Rajarajeshwarinagara, Bangaluru-560098.


www.vagdeviinstitute.com / [email protected] / +91 9845352222
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4. Polymorphism Poly means many and morphs mean form, so polymorphism means one name multiple forms. It
is an ability of a function to have same name and multiple forms. The appropriate function is called automatically by
the compiler on the number and types of arguments.

5. Message passing – The processing of data in object-oriented programming is carried out by sending messages
to objects.

8. Mention Two advantages of object-oriented programming over earlier programming method.


1. OOP can communicate through message passing which makes interface description with outside system very
simple.
2. The concept of data abstraction separates object specification and object implementation.
3. Creation and implementation of OOP code is easy.

No 197, Sairam krupa, Above SBI, Rajarajeshwarinagara, Bangaluru-560098.


www.vagdeviinstitute.com / [email protected] / +91 9845352222

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