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Function in Discrete Structures Assignment

The document discusses various types of functions including one-to-one, onto, and bijective functions. It provides examples of one-to-one functions from set X to set Y, proves that the function f(x) = 4x - 1 is onto, and confirms that a given function is bijective. Additionally, it derives the inverse of the function defined by 4x^2 - 1 = y.

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12 views

Function in Discrete Structures Assignment

The document discusses various types of functions including one-to-one, onto, and bijective functions. It provides examples of one-to-one functions from set X to set Y, proves that the function f(x) = 4x - 1 is onto, and confirms that a given function is bijective. Additionally, it derives the inverse of the function defined by 4x^2 - 1 = y.

Uploaded by

rubabrafiq445
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q1. Find all one-to-one functions from X = {a, b} to Y = {u, v}.

Sets of elements:

 Set X has two elements:

X = {a, b}

The elements are aaa and bbb.

 Set Y has two elements:

Y = {u, v}

The elements are uuu and vvv.

Conditions for a one-to-one function:

If the images of each distinct pair of items x1 and x2 in X are likewise distinct in Y, then
the function f from set X to set Y is one-to-one.
List One-to-One Functions:

 F1(a) = u, f1(b) = v
 F2(a) = v, f2(b) = u

Q2. Define f: R →R by the rule


f(x) = 4x-1 for all x ∈R
Is f onto? Prove or give a counter example.

Onto Function:

A function f: A→B is said to onto if every element of y belongs to B and there is at least
one element of x that belongs to A such that:

f(x) = y

Verify if f is onto:

We need to check if, for every y ∈ R, we can find an x ∈ R such that:


f(x) = y

 Using the given function f(x)=4x−1, we need to solve for x in terms of y:

Y = 4x − 1

 Add 1 to both sides:

Y + 1 = 4x + 1

 Now, divide by 4:

y+ 1
X=
4

For any y ∈ R, we can always find an x ∈ R. Since this holds for every y ∈ Ry, the function
f(x)=4x−1 is onto (surjective).

Q3. Determine whether the given function is bijective or not?

The function f: X→Y is defined by the arrow diagram is both one-to-one and onto hence this
function is bijective.
Q4. Find the inverse of the function such that.
4x2-1 = y

 By definition:

−1
f ( y ) = x ⇔f(x) = y

 Now solving f(x) = y for x

⟺4 x 2 – 1 = y

 Add 1 on both sides:

2
⟺4 x = y + 1

 Divide both sides by 4:

2 y+ 1
⟺x =
4

 By taking square root on both side:

⟺ x=
√ y+1
2
 It will become:

⟺ x=± √
y +1
2

 By ignoring the negative value, we will get

⟺f =
−1 √ y+1
2

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