Rechargeable Lithium Coin Batteries

Vanadium Pentoxide Lithium Rechargeable Batteries (VL series)

Features
These coin-type lithium batteries feature vanadium oxide for the positive pole, lithium alloy for the
negative pole and a non-aqueous solvent for the electrolyte.

Construction
Anode cap
Anode (Li-Al)

- Separator

Cell can
+
Collector
Cathode (V2O5)
Gasket

Applications
● Memory backup power supplies for office automation
equipment (personal computers, fax machines, etc.),
audio-video equipment (VTRs, etc.), communications
equipment (mobile phones, etc.), etc.
● Hybrid systems with solar batteries (solar remote
controllers, etc.)

General Specifications
Electrical Characteristics (20˚C) Dimensions (mm)
Model Weight (g) JIS IEC
Nominal Voltage (V) *Nominal Capacity (mAh) Continuous Drain (mA) Diameter Height
VL621 3 1.5 0.01 6.8 2.1 0.27 - -
VL1220 3 7.0 0.02 12.5 2.0 0.8 - -
VL2020 3 20.0 0.07 20.0 2.0 2.2 - -
VL2320 3 30.0 0.10 23.0 2.0 2.7 - -
VL2330 3 50.0 0.10 23.0 3.0 3.5 - -
VL3032 3 100.0 0.20 30.0 3.2 6.2 - -
* Nominal capacity shown above is based on standard drain and cut off voltage down to 2.5V at 20°C.

LITHIUM HANDBOOK AUGUST 2005

This information is generally descriptive only and is not intended to make or imply any representation, guarantee or warranty with respect to any cells and batteries. Cell and battery designs/specifications
are subject to modification without notice. Contact Panasonic for the latest information.
 Vanadium Pentoxide Lithium Rechargeable Batteries (VL series)

Charging

■ Charging circuits
Charging/discharging cycle Approx. 1,000 times at 10% discharge depth to nominal capacity
Constant-voltage charging. (Please strictly adhere to the specified charge
Charging system*
voltage)
Operating temperature -20˚C ~ +60˚C

* Consult with Panasonic concerning constant-current charging systems.

The charging circuit is crucial in terms of ensuring that full justice will be done to the battery characteristics.
Consider it carefully as the wrong charging circuit can cause trouble.

■ Precautions regarding the charge voltage setting

Under no circumstances should trickle charging, which is used for nickel-cadmium batteries, be used. Ignoring
this precaution will cause the battery voltage to rise to about 5V, resulting in a deterioration of performance.
3.4V
5V 3.6V

VL VL

0V 0V

Incorrect Correct

■ Charge voltage range

If a fixed-charging method is applied, please adhere to the specified charging voltage.
The guaranteed value over an operating temperature range from -20 to +60°C is 3.4V±0.15V. (Actual value:
3.4V±0.20V)
* If the charging voltage exceeds the specifications, the internal resistance of the battery will rise and may
cause battery deterioration. Also, with a charge voltage around 4V, corrosion of the (+) terminal (case) may
occur, causing leakage. (“Influence of charge voltage” in this section.)
* It is not possible for the battery capacity to recover completely when the charging voltage is below the specification.

■ Recommended charging circuits

● Basic conditions
Charge voltage: 3.4V±0.15V
Charge current: For a battery voltage of 3V
VL621 Approx. 0.2 mA or below
VL1220 Approx. 0.5 mA or below
VL2020 Approx. 1.5 mA or below
VL2320, VL2330 Approx. 2.0 mA or below
VL3032 Approx. 4.0 mA or below
(It is permissible for the current to increase beyond the above level when the battery voltage drops below 3V.)

■ Mixed usage of batteries

Do not use these batteries and lithium primary batteries or other rechargeable batteries together, and do not
use new batteries and old batteries together even if they are of the same type.

LITHIUM HANDBOOK AUGUST 2005

This information is generally descriptive only and is not intended to make or imply any representation, guarantee or warranty with respect to any cells and batteries. Cell and battery designs/specifications
are subject to modification without notice. Contact Panasonic for the latest information.
 Vanadium Pentoxide Lithium Rechargeable Batteries (VL series)

Charging
● Reference: Examples of charging circuits
1 Standard circuits
D3
For D2, select a diode of small inverse current (IR = 1µA below / 5V)
(+)
D1, D2: MA3X716 (Diode type code)
R1 D2
D3: MA3X704, MA2J728
D1

Load
R1 R2
5V
VL621 2.2k Ω 5.6k Ω
R2
VL
VL1220 750 Ω 2000 Ω
VL2020 200 Ω 510 Ω
(-)
VL2320, VL2330 150 Ω 390 Ω
VL3032 68 Ω 180 Ω
Simple economical circuits
2 D: MA2J728: Very small reverse current
D
(+) Load with 5V applied 1mA below
D, Vf 0 ~ 0.30V
R1 VL Vf of D will be different from
R1 R2
Load

the value given at left if a current

5V
VL621 6.2k Ω 2.4k Ω in excess of 1mA flows to the load
during operation. Compensation
R2 VL1220 1500 Ω 560 Ω
must be provided by the resistors
(-) VL2020 470 Ω 180 Ω in such cases.
VL2320, VL2330 390 Ω 150 Ω
Pat No.JP284170
VL3032 180 Ω 68 Ω

ZD D1 R1
3
D3 Common to all types
A MAZ30360L MA3X704 300 Ω
(+)
B MAZ30360H MA2J728 270 Ω
R1 D2
D1
Load

R2
5V Type VL3032 VL2330 VL2320 VL2020 VL1220 VL621
A Not required 470 Ω 1.5k Ω
VL R2
ZD B Not required 560 Ω 1.6k Ω
(-)
For D2, select a diode of small inverse current (IR=1 A below / 5V)

4 For minimizing current leakage due to resistance, etc., as when charging by another battery.
D
7.5V Constant voltage
element
Shotkey R REG D
Load

VL
3.7V MA2J728
GND

0V For details, refer to the constant voltage element specifications

5 Zener control 6 LED control

5V 5V
)

R R
D
ZD: HZ2ALL
Load

D
Load
(

ZD R: 43Ω/VL2320 LED
LED
68Ω/VL2020
VL D: MA2J728 or MA3X704 VL R=51Ω for VL2320
D: MA2J728 or MA3X704
0V Patent pending 0V
Select a diode having an inverse current as small as possible. (IR = 1µA below / 5V)

7 Transistor contro (for VL2320) 8 Parallel circuit

R1: 4.3kΩ R2: 15.0kΩ R3: 680Ω 3.6V 3.4V
5V

R3
R1
R
Load

VL
R2
3.4V 0V
VL
Load
0V

LITHIUM HANDBOOK AUGUST 2005

This information is generally descriptive only and is not intended to make or imply any representation, guarantee or warranty with respect to any cells and batteries. Cell and battery designs/specifications
are subject to modification without notice. Contact Panasonic for the latest information.
 Vanadium Pentoxide Lithium Rechargeable Batteries (VL series)

Charging

● Charging characteristics
4
Common to VL621 and VL1216 / Common to VL1220 VL2020 and VL2320 Temp. 20 C

3 VL3032
Voltage (V)

VL2330

2 Charging
completed

0
~

0 10 20 30 40 50 100 120
Charge time (h)

● Influence of charge voltage on VL batteries

If the charge voltage goes beyond its adequate range, battery

performance may deteriorate early. Be sure to observe the recommended
charge voltage.

Prohibited operating range

Early battery deterioration region

60˚C withstand voltage limit

Charge voltage(V)

3.5
Adequate charge voltage range Operational range
(guaranteed specified value)
The lower the charging voltage becomes,
the less the capacity becomes.

Inadequate range
3.0

UL recognition conditions
When a protective component is shorted or opened, the maximum charge current is regulated to the following
Value : 300mA

LITHIUM HANDBOOK AUGUST 2005

This information is generally descriptive only and is not intended to make or imply any representation, guarantee or warranty with respect to any cells and batteries. Cell and battery designs/specifications
are subject to modification without notice. Contact Panasonic for the latest information.