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Basic Trigonometric Ratios

The document outlines the six basic trigonometric functions defined in a right-angled triangle, including sine, cosine, and tangent, along with their reciprocal and quotient identities. It also highlights important trigonometric identities such as the Pythagorean identity. Additionally, it discusses the applications of trigonometry in fields like engineering, astronomy, computer science, and navigation.

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13 views1 page

Basic Trigonometric Ratios

The document outlines the six basic trigonometric functions defined in a right-angled triangle, including sine, cosine, and tangent, along with their reciprocal and quotient identities. It also highlights important trigonometric identities such as the Pythagorean identity. Additionally, it discusses the applications of trigonometry in fields like engineering, astronomy, computer science, and navigation.

Uploaded by

madhavjoshi1201
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Basic Trigonometric Ratios

In a right-angled triangle, the six basic trigonometric functions are defined as follows:

For an angle θ:

 Sine (sin) = Opposite / Hypotenuse


 Cosine (cos) = Adjacent / Hypotenuse
 Tangent (tan) = Opposite / Adjacent
 Cosecant (csc) = 1/sin = Hypotenuse / Opposite
 Secant (sec) = 1/cos = Hypotenuse / Adjacent
 Cotangent (cot) = 1/tan = Adjacent / Opposite

These ratios help in finding missing sides or angles in a triangle.

Trigonometric Identities

Some important trigonometric identities are:

1. Pythagorean Identity:

sin⁡2θ+cos⁡2θ=1\sin^2θ + \cos^2θ = 1sin2θ+cos2θ=1 1+tan⁡2θ=sec⁡2θ1 + \tan^2θ = \


sec^2θ1+tan2θ=sec2θ 1+cot⁡2θ=csc⁡2θ1 + \cot^2θ = \csc^2θ1+cot2θ=csc2θ

2. Reciprocal Identities:

sin⁡θ=1csc⁡θ,cos⁡θ=1sec⁡θ,tan⁡θ=1cot⁡θ\sinθ = \frac{1}{\cscθ}, \quad \cosθ = \frac{1}{\secθ},


\quad \tanθ = \frac{1}{\cotθ}sinθ=cscθ1,cosθ=secθ1,tanθ=cotθ1

3. Quotient Identities:

tan⁡θ=sin⁡θcos⁡θ,cot⁡θ=cos⁡θsin⁡θ\tanθ = \frac{\sinθ}{\cosθ}, \quad \cotθ = \frac{\cosθ}{\


sinθ}tanθ=cosθsinθ,cotθ=sinθcosθ

Applications of Trigonometry

Trigonometry is used in various fields, including:


✔ Engineering & Physics: Designing structures, analyzing forces.
✔ Astronomy: Measuring distances to stars and planets.
✔ Computer Science & Graphics: Creating 3D models, animations, and game development.
✔ Navigation & GPS: Finding directions and distances.

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