Grade

11
Self-Learning
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
Module in
Finding the Mean and the Variance of the Smpling Distribution of
Lesson: the Sample Means
Quarter: III Week: 5 Day and Time: See Class program

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

 The learners find the mean and variance of the sampling distribution of the sample
mean.

Learning Tasks:
Activity p. 2

Worksheet p 6

Finding the Mean and

the
Variance of the
Lesson Sampling
Distribution of the
1 Sample
Means

Recognize that the sampling distribution of the sample means is

definitely the probability distribution of the sample means, which also
implies that the sample is the random variable in this probability
distribution. But since the sampling distribution of the means is the
probability distribution of the random variable X, we could perhaps
calculate its mean and variance. In this lesson, we shall solve for the
mean in the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means
and investigate some of its important properties along with the
definition for normal population when the variance is known and
unknown.

1
 What’s In

In this portion, you will connect your learned concepts and skills
from previous lessons, which have much to do with the introduction to
sampling distribution of the sample means, to this current lesson,
which is finding mean and variance of the sampling distribution of the
sample means.

There are several concepts from the previous lesson that are
directly related to this lesson. Now, the activity given below will help
you link those concepts and ideas as you explore the lesson of this
module.

Activity 1 Direction: With the given jumbled letters, complete the

statements below by arranging the letters below. Write your answers on
your answer sheets.
1. A–S–N–L–M–I–P–G
The _____________ distribution of sample means is frequency
distribution of the sample means taken from
population. 2. O–T–M–A–R–S–I–G–H
The _____________ of the sampling distribution of the sample
means is a bar graph constructed by plotting the sample
means along the horizontal axis and the problem along the
vertical axis.
3. A–M–E–N
The _____________ of the sampling distribution of the sample
means is equal to the mean of the population.
4. R–O–R–E–R
Standard _____________ of the mean is the standard
deviation
of the sampling distribution of the sample mean.
5. D–E–X–E–P–E–T–C
Mean is also called _____________ value.

What’s New
THEOREM
If all possible random samples of size n are taken with replacement
(independent) from a population with a mean µ and variance σ2, then
the mean (µx ), variance (σ2x ) and standard deviation (σx ) of the sampling
distribution of the sample mean are:

µx = µ ( mean )
σ2x = σ2 ( variance )

2
 n

σx = σ (standard deviation or standard of error)

√n

If all possible samples of size n are taken without replacement

( dependent ) from a finite population of size N with a mean µ and
variance σ2, then
the mean (µx ), variance (σ2x ) and standard deviation (σx ) of the sampling
distribution of the sample mean are:

µx = µ ( mean )
σ2x = σ2 ( N-n ) ( variance )
n N-1

σx = σ N-n (standard deviation or standard of error)

√n N-1

Note: The factor N – n is called correction factor for finite population.

N-1

Example 1 Suppose a jar contains numbers 1, 3 and 5. If we take two

numbers in succession with replacement, then the possible 2-number
samples are: (1, 1 ), (3, 3), ( 5, 5 ), ( 1, 3 ), ( 3, 1 ), ( 1, 5 ), ( 5, 1 ), ( 3, 5 )
and ( 5, 3 ) . The average or mean of each pair, in that order are 1, 3, 5,
2, 2, 3, 3, 4 and 4 respectively. If we denote the means as random
variable X , then The probability distribution of X becomes:

x 1 2 3 4 5
f(x) 1/9 2/9 3/9 2/9 1/9

The mean of the sampling distribution ( using the formula for mean of
random variable) is

µx = Σ x f ( x )
= 1 ( 1/9) + 2 (2/9) + 3 (3/9) + 4 (2/9) + 5 (1/9)
= 1/9 + 4/9 + 9/9 + 8/9 + 5/9
= 27/9 or 3

But µx = µ ( mean ) µ = 3

The variance of the sampling distribution ( using the formula for variance
of
3
random variable) is

σ2x = Σ x2 f ( x ) – [Σ x f ( x ) ]2
= [ 12 (1/9) + 22 (2/9) + 32 (3/9) + 42 (2/9) + 52 (1/9) ] – (3)2
= 1/9 + 8/9 + 27 /9 + 32/9 + 25/9 – 9
= 93/9 – 81/9
= 12/9 or 4/3

But σ2x = σ2 ( variance )

n
σ = 4/3 or 2/3
2

n 2

Example 2 If a random sample of size 16 is taken with replacement from

the population 1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 5, 5, and 6, what is the mean, variance and
standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample mean?

We can write the probability distribution of our population as :

x f(x) x f(x) x2 x2 f(x)

1 3/8 3/8 1 3/8
2 1/8 2/8 4 4/8
4 1/8 4/8 16 16/8
5 2/8 10/8 25 50/8
6 1/8 6/8 36 36/8
TOTAL 25/8 or 3.13 109/8 or 13.63

a) µ = 25/8 or 3.13

b) σ2x = Σ x2 f ( x ) – [Σ x f ( x ) ]2
= 13.63 – (25/8)2
= 13.63 – 9.77
= 3.86

σ2 = 3.86 or .24
n 16

c) σx = √ .24
4
 = .49

Example 3 A school has 5,000 students with a mean weight of 80 lbs,

with a standard deviation of 20 lbs. If you draw a random sample of 50
students, what is the mean, variance and standard deviation of the
sampling distribution of the sample mean?

GIVEN: µ = 80, σ = 20, n = 50, N = 5,000

σx = σ √ N-n
√n N-1

= 20 √ 5000 - 50
√ 50 5000 – 1

= ( 2.828 ) (.995 )

= 2.814 or 2.81

σ2x = ( 2.814 )2

= 7.919 or 7.92

5
 SENIOR DEPARTMENT
Don Antonio Village, Rosales, Pangasinan

WORKSHEET
Name:
Subject: Statistics and Probability
Grade/Section:
Subj. Teacher: Week:

I Solve completely the mean (µx ) , variance (σ2x ) and standard deviation
(σx )
A random sample of size 36 taken from a population of 3200 whose
µx = 28.6 and σx = 54.4

GIVEN: µ = ________, σ = _________, n = _________, N = ____________

Example 2 If a sample of size 9 are taken with replacement from the

population 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4 , what is the mean, variance and standard
deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample mean?

Complete the table

x f(x) x f(x) x2 x2 f(x)

1 2/8 2/8 1 2/8
2 3/8 6/8 4 24/8
3 2/8
4 1/8
TOTAL

6
WRITE THE FORMULA AND SOLUTIONS HERE

7
8
9
10
 Finding the Mean and
the
Variance of the
Lesson Sampling
Distribution of the
1 Sample
Means
Recognize that the sampling distribution of the sample means is
definitely the probability distribution of the sample means, which also
implies that the sample is the random variable in this probability
distribution. But since the sampling distribution of the means is the
probability distribution of the random variable X, we could perhaps
calculate its mean and variance. In this lesson, we shall solve for the
mean in the variance of the sampling distribution of the sample means
and investigate some of its important properties along with the
definition for normal population when the variance is known and
unknown.

What’s In

In this portion, you will connect your learned concepts and skills
from previous lessons, which have much to do with the introduction to
sampling distribution of the sample means, to this current lesson,
which is finding mean and variance of the sampling distribution of the
sample means.

There are several concepts from the previous lesson that are
directly related to this lesson. Now, the activity given below will help
you link those concepts and ideas as you explore the lesson of this
module.

Activity 1 Direction: With the given jumbled letters, complete the

statements below by arranging the letters below. Write your answers on
your answer sheets.
1. A–S–N–L–M–I–P–G
The _____________ distribution of sample means is frequency
distribution of the sample means taken from
population. 2. O–T–M–A–R–S–I–G–H

11
 The _____________ of the sampling distribution of the sample
means is a bar graph constructed by plotting the sample
means along the horizontal axis and the problem along the
vertical axis.
3. A–M–E–N
The _____________ of the sampling distribution of the sample
means is equal to the mean of the population.
4. R–O–R–E–R
Standard _____________ of the mean is the standard
deviation
of the sampling distribution of the sample mean.
5. D–E–X–E–P–E–T–C
Mean is also called _____________ value.

What’s New
THEOREM
If all possible random samples of size n are taken with replacement
(independent) from a population with a mean µ and variance σ2, then
the mean (µx ), variance (σ2x ) and standard deviation (σx ) of the sampling
distribution of the sample mean are:

µx = µ ( mean )
σ2x = σ2 ( variance )
n

σx = σ (standard deviation or standard of error)

√n

If all possible samples of size n are taken without replacement

( dependent ) from a finite population of size N with a mean µ and
variance σ2, then
the mean (µx ), variance (σ2x ) and standard deviation (σx ) of the sampling
distribution of the sample mean are:

µx = µ ( mean )
σ2x = σ2 ( N-n ) ( variance )
n N-1

σx = σ N-n (standard deviation or standard of error)

√n N-1

Note: The factor N – n is called correction factor for finite population.

N-1
12
Example 1 Suppose a jar contains numbers 1, 3 and 5. If we take two
numbers in succession with replacement, then the possible 2-number
samples are: (1, 1 ), (3, 3), ( 5, 5 ), ( 1, 3 ), ( 3, 1 ), ( 1, 5 ), ( 5, 1 ), ( 3, 5 )
and ( 5, 3 ) . The average or mean of each pair, in that order are 1, 3, 5,
2, 2, 3, 3, 4 and 4 respectively. If we denote the means as random
variable X , then The probability distribution of X becomes:
3

13
 x 1 2 3 4 5
f(x) 1/9 2/9 3/9 2/9 1/9

The mean of the sampling distribution ( using the formula for mean of
random variable) is

µx = Σ x f ( x )
= 1 ( 1/9) + 2 (2/9) + 3 (3/9) + 4 (2/9) + 5 (1/9)
= 1/9 + 4/9 + 9/9 + 8/9 + 5/9
= 27/9 or 3

But µx = µ ( mean ) µ = 3

The variance of the sampling distribution ( using the formula for variance
of
random variable) is

σ2x = Σ x2 f ( x ) – [Σ x f ( x ) ]2
= [ 12 (1/9) + 22 (2/9) + 32 (3/9) + 42 (2/9) + 52 (1/9) ] – (3)2
= 1/9 + 8/9 + 27 /9 + 32/9 + 25/9 – 9
= 93/9 – 81/9
= 12/9 or 4/3
But σ2x = σ2 ( variance )
n
σ = 4/3 or 2/3
2

n 2

Example 2 If a random sample of size 16 is taken with replacement from

the population 1, 1, 1, 2, 4, 5, 5, and 6, what is the mean, variance and
standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample mean?

We can write the probability distribution of our population as :

x f(x) x f(x) x2 x2 f(x)

1 3/8 3/8 1 3/8
2 1/8 2/8 4 4/8
4 1/8 4/8 16 16/8
5 2/8 10/8 25 50/8
6 1/8 6/8 36 36/8
TOTAL 25/8 or 3.13 109/8 or 13.63

14
 b) µ = 25/8 or 3.13

b) σ2x = Σ x2 f ( x ) – [Σ x f ( x ) ]2
= 13.63 – (25/8)2
= 13.63 – 9.77
= 3.86

σ2 = 3.86 or .24
n 16

d) σx = √ .24
= .49

Example 3 A school has 5,000 students with a mean weight of 80 lbs,

with a standard deviation of 20 lbs. If you draw a random sample of 50
students, what is the mean, variance and standard deviation of the
sampling distribution of the sample mean?

GIVEN: µ = 80, σ = 20, n = 50, N = 5,000

σx = σ N-n
√n N-1

15
= 20 √ 5000 - 50
√50 5000 – 1
= ( 2.828 ) (.995 )

σx = 2.814
σ2 x = ( 2.814 )2
σ2 x = 7.92

Activity 2 Determine the mean ( µx ), variance ( σ2 x ) and standard

deviation

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5

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27

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section
(LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: [email protected]

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