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3104 Cpu

The document provides an overview of the Central Processing Unit (CPU), describing its definition, components, and functions. It details the roles of the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) in performing mathematical and logical operations, and the Control Unit (CU) in coordinating the CPU's activities. Additionally, it explains how the CPU processes data and the significance of multiprocessing in computer systems.

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13 views1 page

3104 Cpu

The document provides an overview of the Central Processing Unit (CPU), describing its definition, components, and functions. It details the roles of the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) in performing mathematical and logical operations, and the Control Unit (CU) in coordinating the CPU's activities. Additionally, it explains how the CPU processes data and the significance of multiprocessing in computer systems.

Uploaded by

ade
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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WEEK 1

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (C.P.U.)


Content: mathematical operations and logical operations (such as
 Definition of CPU making decisions).
 Components of the CPU 2. CONTROL UNIT: This unit of the CPU coordinates
and controls all other parts of the computer system. It
 Functions of the Arithmetic and Logic Unit
also oversees the operations of the input and output
(ALU) and Control Unit (CU)
devices. The control unit is the circuitry that controls the
LESSON CONTENTS flow of data through the processor.
The CPU is an acronym for Central Processing
Unit, which is considered to be the brain of a computer. FUNCTIONS OF THE ALU
It is the part of the computer that thinks, calculates and 1. The Arithmetic and logic unit does all the
carries out instructions. It is sometimes called the mathematical operations like addition, subtraction,
CENTRAL PROCESSOR or simply the PROCESSOR. multiplication and division. Some common
In terms of computing, the CPU is the most mathematical operator symbols are given below;
important element of a computer system. If you  + (plus sign) Used for addition
understand how CPU is designed and if you know the kind  − (minus sign) Used for subtraction
of CPU available, you will be able to determine the  ∗ (asteric sign) Used for multiplication
capability of the computer. The CPU is housed in the  / (forward slash) Used for division with
computer’s motherboard and is responsible for fraction
instructing the computer what to do and when, such as  \ (back slash) Used for division without
connecting to the internet, playing of games, typing etc. fraction
Large computer systems often contain more than  . (period sign) Used as decimal point
one CPU. The computer that has more than one CPU can 2. ALU does logical operations such as making
do more than one job (process) or more than one comparisons of values. Some logic/comparisons
program at the same time. This capability is known as symbols are as follows;
MULTIPROCESSING.  = (equal sign)
On personal computers (PC’s), the CPU is built on  < (less than)
one single chip called MICROPROCESSOR. The CPU  > (greater than)
performs bulk data processing operations of the  ^ (caret sign)
computer. All the functions of the CPU are stored in a
component called the CHIP. FUNCTIONS OF THE CONTROL UNIT
1. FECTH: It fetches instruction from the main
HOW THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT WORKS memory.
The CPU is centrally located on the motherboard. 2. DECODE: It Decodes instruction by interpreting
The CPU carries out an extreme share of work which the instructions that was fetched to determine
allows data to pass through it. It processes the data(s) the operation it will perform
from the Random Access Memory (RAM) and other units 3. EXECUTION: It controls the execution of the
(hardware and software). instruction
The CPU calculates and executes instructions sent 4. STORE: Its stores the result by writing it into the
to it and transport them to the appropriate location. memory. The control unit ensures that the
output(s) gotten from the execution of an
COMPONENTS OF THE CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT instruction are stored in the memory.
The components of the Central Processing Units
(CPU) are: The collections of these four (4) functions
1. Arithmetic and Logic Unit together are referred to as MACHINE CYCLE or
2. Control Unit INSTRUCTION CYCLE of the CPU
1. ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC UNIT: This unit of the
CPU does the actual processing by performing the

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