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Java_Cheat_Sheet

This document is a Java cheat sheet covering key concepts in Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and basic algorithms. It includes operations for strings, arrays, ArrayLists, stacks, and queues, along with examples of loops, recursion, class declarations, inheritance, interfaces, and polymorphism. Additionally, it provides a tracking table for a sample function and mentions common utility classes like Math, Random, and Scanner.

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mesiwax641
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2 views

Java_Cheat_Sheet

This document is a Java cheat sheet covering key concepts in Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and basic algorithms. It includes operations for strings, arrays, ArrayLists, stacks, and queues, along with examples of loops, recursion, class declarations, inheritance, interfaces, and polymorphism. Additionally, it provides a tracking table for a sample function and mentions common utility classes like Math, Random, and Scanner.

Uploaded by

mesiwax641
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java Cheat Sheet for OOP and Basic Algorithms

1. String Operations
- Declaration: String str = "Hello";
- Concatenation: str += " World"; or str.concat(" World");
- Length: str.length();
- Character Access: str.charAt(0);
- Substring: str.substring(1, 4);
- Replace: str.replace('a', 'b');
- Split: str.split(" ");
- Contains: str.contains("lo");
- Equals: str.equals("Hello");
- Ignore Case Comparison: str.equalsIgnoreCase("hello");
- Index Of: str.indexOf("l");

2. Array Operations
- Declaration: int[] arr = new int[5]; or int[] arr = {1, 2, 3};
- Access Elements: arr[0];
- Array Length: arr.length;
- Sort Array: Arrays.sort(arr);
- Copy Array: int[] copy = Arrays.copyOf(arr, arr.length);
- Fill Array: Arrays.fill(arr, 0);

3. ArrayList Operations
- Declaration: ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
- Add Element: list.add(5);
- Get Element: list.get(0);
- Remove Element: list.remove(0);
- Size: list.size();
- Contains: list.contains(5);
- Sort: Collections.sort(list);

4. Stack Operations
- Declaration: Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
- Push: stack.push(1);
- Pop: stack.pop();
- Peek: stack.peek();
- Check Empty: stack.isEmpty();

5. Queue Operations
- Declaration: Queue<Integer> queue = new LinkedList<>();
- Add (Offer): queue.offer(1);
- Remove (Poll): queue.poll();
- Peek: queue.peek();
- Check Empty: queue.isEmpty();

6. Basic Algorithms
- For Loop: for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {}
- While Loop: while (condition) {}
- If-Else: if (condition) {} else {}
- Recursion:
int factorial(int n) {
if (n == 0) return 1;
return n * factorial(n - 1);
}

7. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)


- Class Declaration:
class Person {
String name;
int age;

Person(String name, int age) {


this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}

void greet() {
System.out.println("Hello, " + name);
}
}

- Inheritance:
class Student extends Person {
int grade;
Student(String name, int age, int grade) {
super(name, age);
this.grade = grade;
}
}

- Interface:
interface Animal {
void sound();
}
class Dog implements Animal {
public void sound() {
System.out.println("Bark");
}
}

- Polymorphism:
Animal a = new Dog();
a.sound(); // Outputs "Bark"

8. Tracking Table for Functions


Example Function:
int sumDigits(int n) {
int sum = 0;
while (n > 0) {
sum += n % 10;
n /= 10;
}
return sum;
}

Tracking Table for sumDigits(123)


Step | n | sum | n % 10 | n / 10
1 |123 | 0 | 3 | 12
2 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 1
3 | 1| 5 | 1 | 0
4 | 0| 6 | - | -

Result: 6

9. Common Utility Classes


- Math: Math.max(a, b); Math.pow(a, b); Math.sqrt(a);
- Random:
Random rand = new Random();
int n = rand.nextInt(10); // 0 to 9

- Scanner (Input):
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int num = sc.nextInt();
String text = sc.nextLine();

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