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Front cover
Exercise Guide
Fundamentals of IBM Process Mining
Course code WB846 / ZB846 ERC 1.0

IBM Training
March 2022 edition
Notices
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Contents

TOC

Contents
Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

Exercises description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

Exercise 1. Evaluate a process for RPA candidates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Section 1. How to follow the exercise instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Section 2. Sign up for a free trial to IBM Process Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Section 3. Create a process and import a data source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-13
Section 4. Analyze the process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-18
Section 5. Evaluate RPA candidates by using Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-36

Exercise 2. Evaluating maverick buying in a multi-level process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Section 1. Create a process and import a data source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Section 2. Analyze the model of a multi-level process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Section 3. Use custom dashboards to evaluate a multi-level process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-14
Section 4. Create custom filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-17
Section 5. Create a custom dashboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-22

Exercise 3. Simulating a Blueworks Live BPMN process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Section 1. Import a BPMN model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Section 2. Create and run simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
Section 3. Examine simulation results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-14
Section 4. Perform a Diff comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-19

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Trademarks

TMK

Trademarks
The reader should recognize that the following terms, which appear in the content of this training
document, are official trademarks of IBM or other companies:
IBM, the IBM logo, and ibm.com are trademarks or registered trademarks of International
Business Machines Corp., registered in many jurisdictions worldwide.
The following are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation, registered in many
jurisdictions worldwide:
Resource® Think®
Social® is a trademark or registered trademark of TWC Product and Technology, LLC, an IBM
Company.
Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies.

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Exercises description

pref

Exercises description
This course includes the following exercises:
• Exercise 1: Evaluate a process for RPA candidates
• Exercise 2: Evaluating maverick buying in a multi-level process
• Exercise 3: Simulating a Blueworks Live BPMN process
In the exercise instructions, you can check off the line before each step as you complete it to track
your progress.
The exercises in this course use a set of lab files. The course lab files can be downloaded from the
site in the following location:

After downloading the zip file, unzip it to a location available while working on the exercise.

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Exercises description

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Important

To complete this training, you are required to obtain a free trial to IBM Process Mining. The IBM
Process Mining is a SaaS (Software as a Service) environment. Access to the SaaS environment
can be acquired by visiting the following link:
https://www.ibm.com/account/reg/us-en/signup?formid=urx-51356
Steps to sign up for the trial are included in the exercise.
This course is free but not supported. The course developer cannot enter the environment to help
you. This course is based on the Trial environment and no support cases can be provided. The
Trial environment version this exercise is based on is myInvenio version 1.12.0.3I.

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Exercise 1. Evaluate a process for RPA

candidates
Estimated time
01:30

Overview
In this exercise, you generate an event log for a bank account closure process, import a reference
model, and analyze the data to determine potential candidate activities for Robotic Process
Automation. You use the most common features of IBM Process Mining to evaluate activities for
their duration, cost, and rework. You compare the process to the reference model for
conformance and evaluate case variants and how key performance indicators are being met. You
use the Project Overview dashboard with filters for further analysis. At the end of the exercise, you
use simulation to evaluate the impact of automating an activity in the process. You compare the
simulation results to the current As-Is process and evaluate the introduction of automation on the
process.

Objectives
After completing this exercise, you should be able to:
• Create and visualize a process
• Analyze the process for bottlenecks
• Evaluate manual rework
• Perform a path analysis
• Import a backup file with a reference model for conformance checking
• Compare performance values against KPI expectations
• View the frequency, duration, and cost models of a process
• Use the Project Overview dashboard to review KPIs
• Use simulation to evaluate the impact of introducing automation

Introduction
This exercise is based on a real-world scenario in which you take on the role of a Business Analyst.
It involves a banking account closure process: when a customer of the bank requests the closure
of their account, the bank must take a series of actions to ensure that the closure takes place
correctly. As this process is completely human-based, you want to evaluate the benefit of
automating one of its critical activities.

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Requirements
To complete this exercise:
• You need access to an IBM Process Mining environment.
▪ As part of the exercise, you sign up for a 30-day trial to IBM Process Mining
• This exercise requires the following files:
banking_account_closure_task_mining_edition.zip
BAC_2021-10-06_074228.idp

Index
Section 1, "How to follow the exercise instructions," on page 1-3
Section 2, "Sign up for a free trial to IBM Process Mining," on page 1-4
Section 3, "Create a process and import a data source," on page 1-13
Section 4, "Analyze the process," on page 1-18
Section 5, "Evaluate RPA candidates by using Simulation," on page 1-36

Exercise instructions

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Section 1. How to follow the exercise instructions

Exercise structure
Each exercise is divided into sections with a series of numbered steps and lettered substeps:
• The numbered steps (1, 2, 3) describe what actions to do.
• The lettered substeps (a, b, c) provide detailed guidance on how to complete the action.
As shown in this example, the numbered step (“3”) tells you to change the value in a rule.
Substeps “a” and “b” provide details on how to edit.

If you already know how to edit rules and change values, you can skip the details in substeps 3a
and 3b.

Text highlighting in exercises

Different text styles indicate various elements in the exercises.
Words that are highlighted in bold font represent GUI items that you interact with, such as:
• Menu items
• Field names
• Icons
Words that are highlighted with a code font include the following items:
• Text that you type or enter as a value
• System messages
• Directory paths
• Code

Tracking your progress

As shown in the example step, you can see that an underscore precedes each numbered step and
lettered substep.
You are encouraged to use these markers to track your progress by checking off each step as you
complete it. Tracking your progress in this manner might be useful if you are interrupted while
working on an exercise.

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Section 2. Sign up for a free trial to IBM Process Mining
To complete this training, you are required to obtain a free trial to IBM Process Mining. This
section provides two sets of instructions for signing up for the IBM Process Mining Trial
environment.
Step 1 Sign up for the IBM Process Mining Trial environment using your IBM ID.
Follow this instruction to sign up for the IBM Process Mining Trial environment if you have an
IBM ID.
Step 2 Sign up for the IBM Process Mining Trial environment without an IBM ID.
Follow this instruction to sign up for the IBM Process Mining Trial environment if you do not
have an IBM ID.
After following either step 1 or 2, continue to step 3 to sign in to the Trial environment.
If you don’t have an IBM ID, you must use a business email address. Personal email accounts
such as hotmail are not accepted. The trial is for only 30 days. If you want to complete all courses
in this learning plan, you need to plan accordingly, keeping in mind the 30-day trial.
__ 1. Sign up for the IBM Process Mining Trial environment using your IBM ID.
__ a. Access the free trial by entering the following URL into a browser:
https://www.ibm.com/account/reg/us-en/signup?formid=urx-51356
__ b. Click Log in at the top.

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__ c. Enter your IBM ID.

__ d. Click Continue.
__ e. Select the country and state you are located in.

__ f. Click Continue.

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__ g. When you receive this message, access your email for the Trial link.

__ h. Click the Access your Trial link.

__ i. Enter the email you used to sign up and the password that was sent in your email.

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__ j. Change your password at first sign-in.

__ k. Click Change password.

A window appears titled Welcome to Process mining.

Important

Be sure to bookmark the URL to the Trial environment so you can return to it.

__ 2. Sign up for the IBM Process Mining Trial environment without an IBM ID.
__ a. Access the free trial by entering the following URL into a browser:
https://www.ibm.com/account/reg/us-en/signup?formid=urx-51356

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__ b. Complete the form.

__ c. Click Next.
IBM Process Mining sends an email to the email address provided, with a verification
token.

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__ d. Access your email to copy the seven-digit verification token. Then, return to the web
page and paste the verification token and click Create account.

__ 3. Sign in to IBM Process Mining.

__ a. Access the Trial URL.

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__ b. Enter the email and password you used to create your account.

__ c. Click Sign in.

A window appears titled Welcome to Process mining.

Important

Be sure to bookmark the URL to the Trial environment so you can return to it.

__ d. Select Don’t show this message again! to keep it from displaying next time that you
log in. Then, click Let’s go!.

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__ e. Verify the software version by clicking the version number in the lower-right of the
screen.

__ f. Verify it is the same version that the course is developed on.

This course is free but not supported. The course developer cannot enter the
environment to help you. This course is based on the Trial environment and no support
cases can be provided. The Trial environment version this exercise is based on is
myInvenio version 1.12.0.3I. If the Trial environment you are using is not the same
version, you might not see the same results.
__ g. Click OK.

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Important

The session for IBM Process Mining times out after an hour. If you are away from the site for a
period of time, you might get an error message stating Generic error.

If you get this message, you must log back into the site.

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Section 3. Create a process and import a data source
When you sign in to IBM Process Mining, you are presented with the workspace. In the
workspace, you can create, navigate, and organize your processes and organizations.
__ 1. Create a new process and organization.
__ a. In the workspace, click Create process.

__ b. Enter Bank Account Closure for Process title.

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__ c. Leave the selection to create a new organization and enter myOrg for the organization
name.

__ d. Click Create process.

__ 2. Import data.
__ a. Click the new tile for Banking Account Closure in the workspace.
You are presented with the data source feature. It is from here that you import data
and map data fields.
__ b. Click Select data source file.

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__ c. Browse and select the banking_account_closure_task_mining_edition.zip file
and click Open.
IBM Process Mining verifies that the file is ready for upload.
__ d. In the workspace, click Upload.
It might take a minute or two to import the file. A green progress bar depicts import
progress. An Upload completed message is presented in the upper right when the
import is complete.

730,337 rows are uploaded. The data is presented below in a table.

Information

To upload multiple files, toggle the Append to existing switch on after uploading the original file.
IBM Process Mining prevents a log file with different headers from being uploaded when
appending files. However, you can include a new log file with more columns than the previous one
while the existing heading structure is present.

__ 3. Import backup file.

Instead of mapping the relevant data columns, you import a backup that maps the data
and adds dashboards and project settings. The backup contains a reference model that is
used to perform conformance checking.
__ a. Click Settings in the toolbar in the upper right.

__ b. In the Settings menu, select Manage history.

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__ c. Click Upload backup.

__ d. Select BAC_2021-10-06_074228.idp and click Open.

__ e. Verify that the backup was uploaded.

__ f. Click Apply, then click Close.

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__ g. Notice that the fields are mapped and a reference model is uploaded.

__ h. Click Visualize your process.

After a minute or two, the model view is opened to the default Frequency view.

Hint

Use the mouse wheel to zoom and mouse right-button to move the diagram

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Section 4. Analyze the process
__ 1. Explore the Frequency view.
The Model automatically displays the frequency analysis. The dark blue color highlights
the most frequent activities, while the bold arrows highlight the most frequent transitions.
In this way, the most frequent paths between activities of the process can be identified.
__ a. The purple and the blue circles in the left navigation bar represent the number of
visualized cases and events. Depending on the applied filters, these numbers might
decrease. Note the number of cases and events.

There are 116,566 cases and 730,336 events. Recall a case is an instance of the
process. Each line in the event log represents an event.
__ b. You can also see in the left Navigation bar that there are no filters that are applied. In
the left navigation bar, you can access more details regarding the process.

__ c. Note the coloring as it matches the number of occurrences based on the legend.

Thus, for each activity that is colored with a dark blue box, they have occurrences that
exceed 93,070 for each one. This makes it easy to identify the activities that are
performed most frequently. The number in the lower left corner signifies the
frequency.

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__ d. Notice that the two most frequently performed activities are Request created and BO
Service Closure.

__ e. Notice that the BO Service Closure activity has a high frequency along with multiple
inputs and outputs.
Given the focus is on the most frequent activities, you can filter out of the model
activities that are less frequent.
__ f. To filter out less frequent activities, open the Model details section and set the
Activities slider value to 1%.

The model is refreshed to show only the most frequent activities that are required to
complete the process.

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Apart from the frequency view, IBM Process Mining offers performance-based views.
__ g. To evaluate potential bottlenecks by determining which activities take the longest,
under Model view perspective on the left navigation section, click Frequency, then
select Average duration.

Make a note of the activity with the longest average duration.

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__ h. To view the average service and waiting time of the activities, under Model view
perspective on the left navigation section, select Weighted average duration.

Make a note of the activity with the highest weighted average duration.
__ i. To evaluate the level of rework for each activity, select Rework under Model view
perspective in the left navigation section.
Make a note of the most repeated activity.
Each activity is manual as depicted by the small red rectangle with the gear icon
displaying 0% (level of automation for that activity).

__ j. Evaluate which activity is experiencing the most performance issues.

After reviewing the models, you see that BO Service Closure has:
○ The highest average duration
○ The highest weighted average duration

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In the Rework view, BO Service Closure is the most repetitive activity. Plus the activity
is completely manual. This means that this activity is frequently performed multiple
times for the same case, probably due to human errors.
__ 2. Evaluate the process for high-cost activities
Cost data has been entered for you. All the input parameters that are relative to the costs
can vary according to the duration and the type of activity (automatic or manual) and to the
resources that carry it out. Recall:
- Activity standard cost = standard cost of the execution of an activity
- Work time = working time for the activity
- Resource cost = default hourly cost for a resource
- Role cost = an hourly cost that is applied to a specific role
The IBM Process Mining cost model:
- Activity cost = Activity standard cost + (Avg(Work time) * Avg(Resource or Role cost))
__ a. To review the costs set for the standard execution of an activity, click Settings in the
toolbar at the upper right and select Settings.

__ b. In the Settings window, select the Activity costs tab.

__ c. Review the activity costs set.

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The End date value is used to specify an end for that particular activity cost. In this
manner, the costs can be time-based and combined with each other.
Values might not be entered for every activity, depending on the focus and type of
analysis being performed.
__ d. To review the average working time for activities, select the Work time tab.
Notice the values set for BO Service Closure when manual resources are involved (1
hour) and when only automated resources are involved (1 minute). These values
impact the analysis when performing simulations.

__ e. To review the default hourly cost set for roles, select the Role costs tab.

Notice default hourly costs have been set for three roles.
All the values that are reviewed in the Settings window are used to calculate activity
costs. Normally you would have to enter this information manually. For the purposes of
this training, these values have been entered for you.

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__ f. To evaluate the cost of each of the activities by using these values, close the Settings
window by clicking the x in the upper right corner. Then, select Overall cost under
Model view perspective in the left navigation section.

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Notice that the two most costly activities are Evaluating Request (NO registered
letter) and BO Service Closure. Although the Evaluating Request (NO registered
letter) activity is higher in cost than the BO Service Closure, recall that BO Service
Closure is performed more frequently in the process (refer to the frequency view).
__ 3. Perform a path analysis
To further evaluate how the BO Service Closure impacts the process, you evaluate the
various paths that it participates in.
__ a. Open the Case variants panel by clicking the Case variants icon on the right of the
model.

The case variants panel displays event log statistics aggregated by dimensions such as
case structure, activity, resource, and role. The event log statistics can be sorted by
either frequency or throughput. By default, they are sorted by frequency in descending
order.
__ b. Select the first entry in the Case variants event log.

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IBM Process Mining refreshes the model to display on the selected case variant.
__ c. Notice BO Service Closure is an activity in the process path.
__ d. Select the second entry in the Case variants event log.
__ e. Notice the activities that are not involved are made transparent if they don’t belong to
the path highlighted. This allows you to evaluate the path in terms of performance.

Notice BO Service Closure is in both paths. This means it is involved in over 50% of
instances for the two most frequent paths.
__ f. While the event log entry is still selected, click Zoom in the Case variants panel.

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IBM Process Mining provides information about the average wait time, average service
time, and frequency of the activities involved with the selected case variant.

Notice BO Service Closure has the highest average wait time and average service time.
__ g. Click Zoom again to switch back to the model.
__ 4. Evaluate model conformance.
The conformance panel displays the level of conformance the derived model has to the
reference model. A case is considered conformant when every activity is compliant to the
reference model.
__ a. Open the conformance panel by clicking the conformance icon.

IBM Process Mining changes the model conformance from Data-derived to Compare.
Both the derived and reference models are displayed. Differences between the model
are highlighted in red and yellow.

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__ b. Notice under Reference model deviations that the Request deleted activity is an
unexpected activity. This means it is an activity in the derived model but not in the
reference model. Thus the activity was not expected to occur in the process. In the
model, it is represented as red for this reason.

39,300 cases are not conforming to the reference model. The average lead time of
nonconformant cases is 5 days longer (21d-16d). The average cost of nonconformant
cases is EUR 3.72 (EUR 16.79 - EUR 13.07).
Recall that the analysis being performed is regarding only 1% of activities. To view all
activities, you need to reset the Activities slider. Then, you can view the
nonconformant activities.
__ c. To review unexpected activities, under the Model details section, set the Activities
slider back to 100%. Then, collapse the section by clicking the header.

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__ d. Notice two more unexpected activities that could be related to the BO Service Closure
activity include the Network Adjustment Requested activity and the Back-Office
Adjustment Requested activity.

Once you identify nonconformant activities or transitions, you can use the Root Cause
Analysis feature to obtain some information derived from the custom fields in the data
set. For example, you can determine whether a nonconformance involves a particular
resource, role, supplier, product, or company.
__ e. To perform a root-cause analysis on one of these activities, click the link for the
Back-Office Adjustment Requested activity.

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Details regarding the activity are displayed.

Depending on the criticality of the root-cause, the level of strength might be colored
red, yellow, or green. Red font indicates weak correlation strength, yellow denotes
medium and green denotes strong correlation strength. You can filter the deviation to
further visualize only the cases in which the root cause is involved. This root cause
analysis is stating that the unexpected Back-Office Adjustment Requested activity is
involved in 8.6% of the total cases.
__ f. Click Back to return to the Reference model deviations view.

__ g. Set the Model conformance selection back to Data-derived and close the
Conformance panel by clicking the conformance icon.

__ 5. Evaluate Key Performance Indicators by using dashboards.

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For each process loaded in IBM Process Mining, a Project overview dashboard is
generated automatically for you.
__ a. In the Application menu, select Analytics.

__ b. After a moment, you are presented with the Project overview dashboard.

Dashboards visualize process data (event logs) by using one or more widgets.
Dashboards are used to explore, represent, and filter process data by using up to eight
widgets (for a single dashboard).

Important

It is important to note that Dashboard filters are applied on top of the filters that are applied on
the event log (from the IBM Process Mining application).

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__ c. Select Average duration in the Process widget.

Widgets are fundamentally a query with one or more configuration flags. The widget
displays the query in one of various ways (such as line chart, bubble chart, and bar
chart).
Each widget on the dashboard has various functions that are associated with it. Notice
in the Process widget the ability to view duration and cost along with frequency.
Note that this widget is the equivalent of the Average duration performance view that
you viewed earlier.
__ d. Incorporate KPIs by selecting the KPI toggle.

Activities are colored according to whether they are meeting the KPI. The color
appears green (ok) if the actual value is lower than the first threshold, yellow (warning)
if it is between the two thresholds and red (danger) if it is higher than the second
threshold. These are based on KPI threshold values that have been entered for you.
Note that BO Service Closure is colored red.

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__ e. You can use the KPI Summary widget to further filter the activities by the various KPI
limits. For example, to view only the activities that are meeting KPIs, click the green
KPI meter.

The dashboard is updated to only reflect activities that are meeting KPIs. The process
now only displays the two green activities Request created and Request deleted.
__ f. Notice that a filter is now applied to the dashboard. To eliminate the filter, click the
Filter menu in the upper right and select the trash can next to the lead time filter.

The filter is removed from the dashboard.

__ g. Switch back to the Process Mining application by selecting Process Mining in the
Application menu.

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__ h. Select Dashboard from the top navigation menu.

__ i. Scroll down and review the Performance drilldown.

Note that BO Service Closure is listed as the most critical activity. This means it is the
most critical activity in terms of frequency and performance.
__ j. Scroll up and click the Settings icon in the Duration by activity graph section.

Note that this is the same window that appears when you click the Settings icon in the
top navigation bar and select Settings.
__ k. Note the Case duration threshold is between 1 day and 19 days.

__ l. After reviewing the KPI settings used by the dashboard, click Cancel.

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__ m. In the Duration by activity widget, click Performance then select KPI.

The Duration by activity widget is displayed with the KPI thresholds on the graph.

Note that BO Service Closure is not meeting KPI expectations.

__ 6. Review the analysis for BO Service Closure
There could be other areas of focus for deeper analysis in this process. The purpose of this
exercise is to use the IBM Process Mining features to highlight issues for a particular
activity. After analyzing the BO Service Closure, it can be seen as a potential candidate for
Robotic Process Automation because it is:
○ One of the most frequently performed activities
○ One of the most reworked activities
○ 100% manually performed
○ Involved in the majority of process paths
○ One of the costliest activities
○ An activity with a high potential for human errors
○ The highest in weighted average duration
○ Not meeting KPI expectations

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Section 5. Evaluate RPA candidates by using Simulation
Now that you have identified the activity for potential automation, you can use the Simulation
capability to determine the impact automating the BO Service Closure activity might have on the
process. Although you use the BPMN and simulation feature in this section, more about BPMN and
Simulation is covered in Unit 4.
By using the data from process mining as the starting point, you use a historical distribution that
matches the real-world process.
__ 1. Create and configure a Simulation.
IBM Process Mining Simulation allows you to create multiple scenarios by using historical
and contextual data from the process. If there are no simulation scenarios that are linked
to the project, the panel displays the option to create a new scenario.
__ a. Select the BPMN tab in the Navigation bar.

After a moment, IBM Process Mining displays the BPMN version of the process.
__ b. Select Simulation in the Navigation bar.

__ c. Enter BO Service Closure - RPA as the Simulation title.

For each simulation scenario created, IBM Process Mining automatically adds _1 or _2
depending on the version.
__ d. Click Confirm.

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IBM Process Mining creates a new simulation, versions it, and opens the Simulation
Settings.
__ e. Click the Versions button, and notice the BASELINE and version _1 created by IBM
Process Mining.

__ 2. Review the historical distribution.

After creating a new simulation, IBM Process Mining automatically generates a calculated
simulation specification based on historical and contextual data of the process.
__ a. The simulation is based on real-time data. Review the Historical distribution chart
and notice it resembles the real-world input of cases. You can see some periods have
lower volumes than others and can see peaks based on actual data.

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__ b. Move the slider to a date around 04/20/2018 (one year).

You can vary the timespan by using the Historical distribution chart slider if you need to
refine the timeline. Notice that the distribution pattern resembles the distribution by
using all data.
__ c. Click Reset Timespan to reset the timeline.
The time line is reset to end on 03/06/2019.
__ 3. Configure the BO Service Closure activity to use Robotic Process Automation.
__ a. Under the Activities section, scroll down to the BO Service Closure activity.
__ b. Select the RPA tab. Enter the following:
Robotic quote: 80
○ This means 80% of the activity execution is performed by a bot.
Business hours: 8-20
○ These represent working hours.
Number of robots: 1
○ Represents number of bots available.
Service time: 2
○ The time that it takes to complete the activity.

__ c. Scroll back up to the top.

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__ 4. Run the simulation.
__ a. Review the Simulation Settings. The Simulation Settings section contains nine
parameters, which you can adjust as required. Notice that the simulation will execute
20,000 instances and that it is using the historical setting for the arrival distribution.

__ b. Click Run Simulation in the navigation bar.

__ c. Click Yes when asked Are you sure?

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Since only one activity is being investigated, you can ignore the warning.
It might take up to a minute for the simulation to run. A window displaying Simulation
in progress is displayed while the simulation is being run.

Important

The results you see might vary by minutes. This occurs due to the distribution set in the Gateways.
The probability percentages might vary among simulations. More about Gateways is covered in
Unit 4 and Exercise 3.

__ 5. Review the results of the simulation.

After running the simulation, IBM Process Mining navigates to the Diff tab and presents the
results of the simulation. The simulation results B (To-Be) are compared to the current
state of the process A (As-Is).

__ d. In the Process Details section, notice the differences between the As-Is and To-Be
scenarios. Notice that the Average case lead time and Average case cost are higher
for the As-Is scenario. Thus, introducing the automation improves average case lead
time, and lowers average cost.

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__ e. Scroll down to the Performance bar chart. Mouse over the BO Service Closure bar and
review the values in the display window.

__ f. Notice the difference in average service time. The As-Is scenario is more than 40 hours
higher than the To-Be scenario. This can be directly attributed to adding automation.

The average service time of 10 hours is most likely allocated to the 20% of the cases
that are managed by humans. Recall the bot covers 80% of the work.
__ 6. Compare the derived models.
__ a. Scroll down to the section titled Compare derived models.
__ b. Click BO Service Closure and review the values between the two scenarios.

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__ c. Notice the ratio of blue to purple in the bar located on the activity. The blue portion
represents the As-Is scenario and the purple represents the To-Be scenario.

__ d. Looking at the values, you can see the details behind that bar. Notice the average
service time difference between the scenarios. The value on the BO Service Closure
activity displays this difference. The difference is arrived by subtracting 10 hours 35
minutes (B) from 52 hours 44 minutes (A) to equal 42 hours 9 minutes. This is then
stating that the service time is reduced by 42 hours by adding automation.
__ e. Log out of IBM Process Mining by accessing the Settings menu and selecting Logout.

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End of exercise

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Exercise review and wrap-up
In the exercise, you imported a data source and uploaded a backup of the process that contained
a reference model. You visualized the process and analyzed the process for potential candidate
activities for Robotic Process Automation. You reviewed the activities for frequency, duration, and
cost. You evaluated activities for model deviations and amount of manual rework. You compared
the derived model to the reference model and evaluated conformance and KPI expectations.
Based on the analysis, you made a recommendation for a potential candidate for Robotic Process
Automation. Then, you used simulation to evaluate the impact of automating that activity. You
evaluated the performance improvement and the effect on the process.

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Exercise 2. Evaluating maverick buying

in a multi-level process
Estimated time
01:30

Overview
In this exercise, you evaluate a procure-to-pay, multi-level process for data discrepancies and to
identify maverick buying patterns. For this lab exercise, the data has been extracted for you as an
export from the company's enterprise resource planning system. After generating the event log,
you review the process for model conformance and unexpected flows. You create and apply
custom filters. You also create your own custom dashboard and apply filters to it to evaluate
maverick buying patterns.

Objectives
After completing this exercise, you should be able to:
• Analyze the model of a multi-level process
• Create and apply custom filters
• Evaluate unexpected flows by checking model conformance
• Evaluate inefficiencies due to unexpected flows
• Evaluate maverick buying by using custom dashboards
• Create a custom dashboard

Introduction
Invenio Information Tech needs to better understand the maverick buying patterns of a
multi-level process. As a Data Analyst, you evaluate a multi-level process for inefficiencies and
analyze maverick buying patterns. For this lab exercise, the data has been extracted for you as an
export from the company’s enterprise resource planning system.

Requirements
To complete this exercise:
• You need access to an IBM Process Mining environment.

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• This exercise requires the following files:
information_tech_p2p.csv
Information Tech - P2P_2021-06-30_164649.idp

Index
Section 1, "Create a process and import a data source," on page 2-3
Section 2, "Analyze the model of a multi-level process," on page 2-7
Section 3, "Use custom dashboards to evaluate a multi-level process," on page 2-14
Section 4, "Create custom filters," on page 2-17
Section 5, "Create a custom dashboard," on page 2-22

Exercise instructions

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Section 1. Create a process and import a data source
The Trial environment limits the user to one Process. Due to this limitation, you need to delete any
prior processes built in the tool.
__ 1. Delete process.
Clicking the overflow menu (vertical ellipses) in the tile supplies administrative tasks.
From here, you can manage the organization by inviting members or you can delete the
process.
__ a. Log in to IBM Process Mining by using the credentials you established in exercise 1.
__ b. Click the overflow menu for the Bank Account Closure process and select Delete
process.

__ c. Click Yes in the warning dialog.

__ 2. Create a new process.

__ a. In the workspace, click Create process.
__ b. Enter P2P - IT for Process title.

Important

The Trial environment limits you to one organization. If you have already created the myOrg
organization, you can reuse it.

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__ c. Select Use existing organization, then select myOrg for the organization.
__ d. Click Create process.

__ 3. Import data.
__ a. Click the new tile for P2P - IT in the workspace.
__ b. Click Select data source file.
__ c. Browse to and select the information_tech_p2p.csv file and click Open.
IBM Process Mining verifies that the file is ready for upload.
__ d. In the workspace, click Upload.
It might take a few minutes to import the file. A green progress bar depicts import
progress. An Upload completed message is presented in the upper right when the
import is complete.
135,572 rows are uploaded. The data is presented below in a table.
__ 4. Import backup file.
Instead of mapping the relevant data columns, you import a backup that maps the data
and adds dashboards and project settings. The backup contains a reference model that is
used to perform conformance checking.
__ a. Click Settings in the toolbar in the upper right.

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__ b. In the Settings menu, select Manage history.

__ c. Click Upload backup.

__ d. Select Information Tech - P2P_2021-06-30_164649.idp and click Open.
__ e. Verify that backup was uploaded.

__ f. Click Apply.
__ g. Click Close.
Notice that the fields are mapped and a reference model has been uploaded.
__ h. Click Visualize your process.
After a moment, the model view is opened to the default Frequency view.

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__ i. Notice there is an additional panel labeled Case statistics.

Information

The Case statistics panel only appears for multi-level processes.

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Section 2. Analyze the model of a multi-level process
__ 1. Review which activities are involved in the subprocesses.
The Model automatically displays the frequency analysis.
__ a. Expand the Case statistics panel to view the subprocesses involved.

__ b. Review which activities are involved in which subprocesses.

The colors of the activity borders reflect the multilevel nature of the process and which
subprocess is involved. For example, the first two activities correspond to the
ID_REQ_LINE process, which represents potentially several transactions. The next
activity (Purchase Order Line Creation) relates to the ID_ORDER_LINE process. The
activities with a green outline are related to the ID_INVOICE_HEADER process.

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__ c. Open the Model details section, leave the Activities slider and set the Relations slider
to 100%.

Although you can now see all relations, the diagram is much more difficult to read.
__ d. Reset the Relations slider back to 1%.
__ 2. Evaluate unexpected flows by checking model conformance.
A case is understood to be conformant when every activity is compliant to the reference
model. Nonconformant paths indicate unexpected flows since they are not in the
reference model.
The conformance panel displays the level of conformance the derived model has to the
reference model. A case is considered conformant when every activity is compliant to the
reference model.
__ a. Open the conformance panel by clicking the conformance icon.

Both the derived and reference models are displayed. Differences between the model
are highlighted in red and yellow.

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__ b. Notice in the model a new activity is displayed Goods Line Registered after the
Purchase Order Line Creation activity. Notice that it is colored yellow indicating it is
part of the Reference model.

__ c. Notice that certain paths are colored yellow, denoting they exist in the Reference
model but not in the Derived model.

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__ d. Notice under Reference model deviations that the Purchase Order Line Creation to
Purchase Requisition Line Created and Purchase Order Line Creation to Invoice
Submit are unexpected paths in the process. These paths in which the Purchase
Order Line Creation activity occurs first make up 23.3% of the total paths. This is an
indication more analysis should be done on this unexpected process flow.

__ e. Set the Model conformance selection back to Data-derived and close the
Conformance panel by clicking the conformance icon.

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__ 3. Apply a Maverick filter.
The backup that you loaded contains two filter templates:
- Unexpected Flow - PO before Req displays the inefficiencies due to the unexpected
flow
The unexpected process flow happens when the Purchase Order Line Creation activity
occurs before the Purchase Requisition Line Created activity.
- Expected Flow - Req before PO displays the potential improvement if the unexpected
flow is avoided
The expected process flow happens when the Purchase Requisition Line Created
activity occurs before the Purchase Order Line Creation activity.
__ a. Click Filter in the navigation menu and select Unexpected Flow - PO before Req.
__ b. Click Load.

IBM Process Mining applies the filter to the model.

__ c. Notice that the model now reflects the process scenario in which the Purchase Order
Line Creation activity occurs before the Purchase Requisition Line Created activity.

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__ d. Notice the number of cases and events are displaying only those that meet the
criterion of the filter and that one filter is applied to the model.

__ e. Apply the Expected filter by clicking Filter in the navigation bar and selecting Expected
Flow - Req before PO.

__ f. Click Load.
The model is updated to display only cases that submitted the purchase requisition
before the purchase order.
__ g. Notice that the model now reflects the process scenario in which the Purchase Order
Line Creation activity occurs after the Purchase Requisition Line Created activity.

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__ h. Notice the number of cases and events are displaying only those that meet the
criterion of the filter and that one filter is applied to the model.

__ i. Remove the filter by clicking Filter in the Navigation bar and selecting the filter. Then,
click Remove selected filters.

__ j. Click yes when asked to remove project filters.

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Section 3. Use custom dashboards to evaluate a multi-level
process
In this section, you use custom dashboards to evaluate the multi-level process. You use the
Conformance Order - Maverick Buyings custom dashboard to compare filtered and overall
statistics by using the two filters you worked with in the last section.
__ 1. Evaluate inefficiencies due to the unexpected flow.
Recall that the Filter Template, Unexpected Flow - PO before Req displays inefficiencies
due to the unexpected flow.
__ a. In the Application menu, select Analytics.

The Conformance - Order Maverick Buyings custom dashboard is displayed. There are
two filters that are applied to the dashboard.
__ b. Access the Filters menu to review the filters that are applied to the dashboard.

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Notice the Unexpected Flow - PO before Req filter is applied along with two activity
filters. The two activity filters are also noted on the Process Model widget with a purple
icon. The activity filters are used to ensure only the processes where activities
Purchase Order Line Creation and Purchase Requisition Line Creation are present.
__ c. Using the dashboard, notice under Filtered Statistics the average lead time is 101
days while in the Overall Statistics it is 30 days. When the unexpected flow occurs,
there is an increase of lead time. You can also identify the most involved vendors and
material groups with the unexpected flow and check each one’s impact on lead time.

__ 2. Evaluate the potential improvement if the unexpected flow is avoided.

Recall that the Filter Template, Expected Flow - Req before PO displays the potential
improvement if the unexpected flow is avoided.
__ a. Access the Filters menu, then select Expected Flow - Req before PO.
IBM Process Mining removes the first filter and applies the selected filter to the
dashboard.

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__ b. Using the dashboard, notice under Filtered Statistics the average lead time is 23 days
while in the Overall Statistics it is 30 days. By removing the unexpected flow, there is
a clear improvement of lead time.

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Section 4. Create custom filters
In this section, you create your own filters. You create copies of the filter templates that are used
by the dashboard, then in the next section, you create and configure a custom dashboard. This
section and the next provide the opportunity to practice building filters and dashboards.
1. Create a copy of the Expected Flow - Req before PO filter.
__ a. Select the Application menu in the Navigation bar and select Process mining.

__ b. Select the Filter menu in the Navigation bar and click New filter.

__ c. In the Process filter configuration window, leave the Filters tab selected and scroll
down to the bottom.

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__ d. Click the question mark to review the process flow patterns.

Table 1: Process flow patterns

Pattern Description
<A>.*<B> B follows
<A><B> B directly follows A
<A>.*<B>.*<C> C follows A and B
(<A>.*){2,} at least a rework of activity A
(<A>.*<B>.*){2,} at least a rework of A to B path

For the two filters you create, you use the first process flow pattern.
__ e. Click the question mark again to collapse the Process flow patterns.
__ f. For Event attribute, select Activity.
__ g. Click in the Process flow pattern drop-down and select Purchase Requisition Line
Created.

IBM Process Mining places the activity into the Process flow pattern.
__ h. Click in the space in the Process flow pattern drop-down, scroll up, and select (.*).

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__ i. Click in the space in the Process flow pattern drop-down and select Purchase Order
Line Creation.

__ j. Click Create.
IBM Process Mining applies the filter.
__ k. Notice the number of cases and events are displaying only those that meet the
criterion of the filter and that one filter is applied to the model. This is the same filter
that you applied earlier labeled Expected Flow - Req before PO.
__ l. Select the Filter menu in the navigation bar and click Save filters as template.

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__ m. Enter Expected Flow - Copy as the filter template name and click Add.

IBM Process Mining saves the filter and adds it to the list of filters.
__ n. Remove the active filter by selecting it in the Filter menu and clicking Remove
selected filters.

__ o. Click yes when asked to remove project filters.

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IBM Process Mining removes the filter from the model.
__ 2. Create a copy of the Unexpected Flow - PO before Req filter.
__ a. Select the Filter menu in the Navigation bar and click New filter.
__ b. In the Process filter configuration window, leave the Filters tab selected and scroll
down to the bottom.
__ c. For Event attribute, select Activity.
__ d. Click in the Process flow pattern drop-down and select Purchase Order Line Creation.
IBM Process Mining places the activity into the Process flow pattern.
__ e. Click in the space in the Process flow pattern drop-down and select (.*).
__ f. Click in the space in the Process flow pattern drop-down and select Purchase
Requisition Line Created.

__ g. Click Create.
IBM Process Mining applies the filter.
__ h. Notice the number of cases and events are displaying only those that meet the
criterion of the filter and that one filter is applied to the model. This is the same filter
that you applied earlier labeled Unexpected Flow - PO before Req.
__ i. Select the Filter menu in the navigation bar and click Save filters as template.
__ j. Enter Unexpected Flow - Copy as the filter template name and click Add.
IBM Process Mining saves the filter and adds it to the list of filters.
__ k. Remove the active filter by selecting it in the Filter menu and clicking Remove
selected filters.
__ l. Click yes when asked to remove project filters.
IBM Process Mining removes the filter from the model.

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Section 5. Create a custom dashboard
In this section, you create your own custom dashboard. You add and configure the widgets that
are used to create the Conformance Order - Maverick Buyings dashboard. You then apply the
two filters you created in the prior section, one-at-a-time, to the dashboard.
__ 1. Create a copy of the Conformance Order - Maverick Buyings dashboard.
__ a. Access the Application menu and select Analytics.

__ b. Create a custom dashboard by selecting the Dashboard menu in the Navigation bar
and then clicking Create new.

__ c. Enter Conformance - copy as the name and click OK.

IBM Process Mining creates the new dashboard.
__ d. Click Edit in the Navigation bar.
IBM Process Mining opens the widget palette.

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__ 2. Add the Card widget to the custom dashboard.
__ a. Select the Card widget category by selecting the card icon.

__ b. Select the Card widget to add it to the dashboard canvas.

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__ c. Click the settings icon in the new widget.

__ d. Enter Description for the Title.

__ e. Under the Measures section, change the drop-down from auto to text.
__ f. Enter the following for the text. Be sure to include the single quotation marks. If you
cut and paste, be sure to replace the single quotation marks after pasting.
‘Analyze unexpected flow on purchase orders and involved vendors and
materials. Apply different filter templates to check the process
performance with and without the unexpected flow.’
You can ignore the warning for the invalid expression.
__ g. Click OK.

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__ h. When presented with a warning regarding query errors, click OK.

__ i. Stretch the widget by performing a mouse-over on the right side of the widget until the
mouse turns to a two-directional arrow. Then, while holding down the left mouse
button, stretch the widget to the total length of the dashboard.

__ 3. Add the process model widget to the custom dashboard.

It is a good practice to include a process model in custom dashboards.
__ a. Select the process widget category. Then, select the Process model widget to add it to
the dashboard canvas.

__ b. Click the settings icon in the new widget.

__ c. Leave the Title as is and enter 2 for the Initial number of selected variants.
__ d. Click OK.

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__ e. Move the Process Model widget below the Card (Description) widget. To do this,
mouse-over the widget Title until it turns to the cross. Then, while holding down the
left mouse button, drag the widget below the Card widget.

__ f. Click Save in the navigation bar.

IBM Process Mining saves the dashboard and displays the results. While building the
dashboard, it is useful to save occasionally and verify the layout.

__ g. Click Edit in the navigation bar to continue building the dashboard.

__ 4. Build two statistics cards, one for overall statistics and one for filtered statistics.
Although you used a prior Card widget to create the description for the dashboard, most of
the time, Card widgets are used to display one or more indicators.

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To have a fast comparison between overall and filtered information, it is a good practice to
insert two cards that compute the same indicators and then, in the overall card, disable
the option to measure filtering.
__ a. Select the Card widget category by selecting the card icon in the palette.

__ b. Select the Card widget to add it to the dashboard canvas.

__ c. Click the settings icon in the new widget.
__ d. Enter Overall Statistics for the Title.
__ e. Click the Plus (+) on the right of the Measure section to add a measure.
__ f. Enter the following for the measures:
○ Name: #Order Lines
○ Expression: count(distinct(id_order_line))
○ Format: number
○ Name: Avg Lead Time
○ Expression: avg(casedistinct(leadtime()))
○ Format: lead time
__ g. Enter the following for the filter: Activity = ‘Purchase Order Line Creation’
If you cut and paste, be sure to replace the single quotation marks after pasting.
__ h. Click the toggle to enable the Measure filtering setting.
IBM Process Mining adds a scope parameter to the measures.
__ i. For the newly added scope parameters, select No template for both.

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__ j. Verify your configuration.

__ k. Click OK.

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__ l. Repeat these steps to make another card with the same settings. This time, leave the
toggle off for the Measure filtering setting and name it Filtered Statistics.

Note that the statistics are the same until a filter is applied.
__ 5. Arrange the Statistics cards as the next two columns.
__ a. Drag the Overall Statistics card down next to the Process model widget.
__ b. Drag the Filtered Statistics card down next to the Overall Statistics card.
__ c. Resize the widgets to approximately one third of the screen for each.
__ d. Verify the layout.

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__ e. Save your work.
__ 6. Build two Bar Chart widgets, one to display the count and average lead time by vendor, and
one to display the count and average lead time by material group. These are lead time
influencers that can be evaluated using the bar chart widgets.
__ a. Click Edit in the navigation bar.
__ b. Select the histogram widget category. Select the Bar chart widget to add it to the
dashboard canvas.

__ c. Click the settings icon in the new widget.

__ d. Enter By Vendor for the Title.
__ e. Click the Plus (+) on the right of the Dimension section to add one dimension.
__ f. Select ORDER_ID_VENDOR for the dimension.
__ g. Click the Plus (+) on the right of the Measure section twice to add two measures.
__ h. Enter the following for the measures:
○ Name: #Order Lines
○ Expression: count(distinct(id_order_line))
○ Format: number
○ Name: Avg Lead Time
○ Expression: avg(casedistinct(leadtime()))
○ Format: lead time
__ i. Enter the following for the filter: Activity = ‘Purchase Order Line Creation’
If you cut and paste, be sure to replace the single quotation marks after pasting.
__ j. Click Render axis labels to toggle it on.
__ k. Enter 10000 for the Rowset Threshold.

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__ l. Verify your configuration.

__ m. Click OK.

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__ n. Repeat these steps to make another bar chart widget with the same settings. This
time, select ORDER_MATERIAL_GROUP for the dimension and enter By Material
Group for the Title.

__ 7. Arrange the Bar Chart widgets under the Statistics card widgets.
__ a. Drag the By Vendor widget down next to the Process model widget underneath the
Overall Statistics card widget.
__ b. Drag the By Material Group widget down next to the By Vendor widget, underneath
the Filtered Statistics card widget.
__ c. Resize the widgets to the same width as the card widgets.
__ d. Stretch the Process model widget to be flush with the Bar Chart widgets.

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__ e. Verify the layout.

__ f. Save your work.

__ 8. Create a table widget listing orders by Vendor and Material Group.
To display the associated orders and their corresponding vendor and material group, you
can create a Table widget that lists the relevant data in columns.
__ a. Click Edit in the navigation bar.
__ b. Select the table widget category. Select the Table widget to add it to the dashboard
canvas.

__ c. Click the settings icon in the new widget.

__ d. Enter Orders Involved for the Title.
__ e. Click the Plus (+) on the right of the Dimension section to add one dimension.
__ f. Select ID_ORDER_LINE for the dimension.

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__ g. Click the Plus (+) on the right of the Measures section three times to add three
measures.
__ h. Enter the following for the measures:
○ Name: Vendor
○ Expression: order_id_vendor
○ Format: text
○ Name: Material Group
○ Expression: order_material_group
○ Format: text
○ Name: Amount
○ Expression: order_line_amount
○ Format: amount
__ i. Enter the following for the filter: ID_order_line <> ‘’
If you cut and paste, be sure to replace the single quotation marks after pasting.
__ j. Enter 10000 for the Rowset Threshold.
__ k. Verify your configuration.

__ l. Click OK.

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__ 9. Drag the Table widget under the Bar Chart widgets. Resize the Table and Process model
widgets to fit the dashboard.
__ a. Drag the Orders Involved table widget down below the Bar Chart widgets.
__ b. Stretch the Orders Involved table widget horizontally to be flush on the right with the
second Bar Chart Widget.
__ c. Stretch the Orders Involved table widget vertically.
__ d. Stretch the Process model widget to be flush with the Orders Involved widget.
__ e. Verify the layout.

__ f. Save your work and verify the display of your custom dashboard.

__ 10. Apply the filters to the dashboard.

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Now that the custom dashboard and filters are built, you can practice applying the filters to
the dashboard. You should see the same results as for the existing dashboard:
Conformance - Order Maverick Buyings. The following instructions are the same steps
that you followed in Section 4 to analyze the process.
Recall that the Filter Template, Unexpected Flow - PO before Req displays inefficiencies
due to the unexpected flow. First, you apply the activity filters.
__ a. To filter the Purchase Requisition Line Created activity, click the activity in the
Process model widget and select Filter activity.

IBM Process Mining applies the filter, places a filter icon next to the activity, and
refreshes the page.
__ b. To filter the Purchase Order Line Creation activity, click the activity in the Process
model widget and select Filter activity.
__ c. Access the Filters menu, then select Unexpected Flow - Copy.
IBM Process Mining applies the selected filter to the dashboard.
__ d. Using the dashboard, notice under Filtered Statistics the average lead time is 101 days
while in the Overall Statistics it is 30 days. When the unexpected flow occurs, there is
an increase of lead time.
Recall that the Filter Template, Expected Flow - Req before PO displays the potential
improvement if the unexpected flow is avoided.
__ e. Access the Filters menu, then select Expected Flow - Copy.
IBM Process Mining removes the first filter and applies the selected filter to the
dashboard.

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__ f. Using the dashboard, notice under Filtered Statistics the average lead time is 23 days
while in the Overall Statistics it is 30 days. By removing the unexpected flow, there is
a clear improvement of lead time.
__ g. Log out of IBM Process Mining by accessing the Settings menu and selecting Logout.

End of exercise

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Exercise review and wrap-up
In the exercise, you took on the role of a Data Analyst for Invenio Information Tech to evaluate the
inefficiencies and maverick buying patterns for a multi-level, procure-to-pay process. You
imported a data source and backup file and visualized the process. After generating the event log,
you reviewed the process for model conformance and unexpected flows. You used a custom
dashboard to evaluate maverick buying patterns and then created your own custom filters and
dashboard.

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Exercise 3. Simulating a Blueworks Live BPMN process

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Exercise 3. Simulating a Blueworks Live

BPMN process
Estimated time
01:00

Overview
In this exercise, you take on the role of a Technical Analyst to import a Blueworks Live BPMN
model into IBM Process Mining. You use the BPA module to import a Blueworks Live process and
perform simulations on the BPMN model.

Objectives
After completing this exercise, you should be able to:
• Import a BPMN model into IBM Process Mining
• Configure and run a simulation
• Perform a Diff comparison of multiple simulations

Introduction
Invenio Bank is heavily invested in IBM Blueworks Live and wants to understand how IBM Process
Mining can be used to simulate Blueworks Live processes. As a Technical Analyst, you import a
Blueworks Live process into IBM Process Mining and perform multiple simulations on the process.
You evaluate the data that is mapped from Blueworks Live into IBM Process Mining and perform a
diff comparison on the results of multiple simulations. For this lab exercise, the data has been
extracted for you as an export from the company’s Blueworks Live process repository.

Requirements
To complete this exercise:
• You need access to an IBM Process Mining environment.
• This exercise requires the following files:
Bank Account Closure.bpmn

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Exercise 3. Simulating a Blueworks Live BPMN process

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Index
Section 1, "Import a BPMN model," on page 3-3
Section 2, "Create and run simulations," on page 3-8
Section 3, "Examine simulation results," on page 3-14
Section 4, "Perform a Diff comparison," on page 3-19

Exercise instructions

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Exercise 3. Simulating a Blueworks Live BPMN process

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Section 1. Import a BPMN model
In this section, you use the BPA module to import a BPMN diagram. The BPMN diagram has been
exported from Blueworks Live. The BPMN diagram has been extracted from the export for your
convenience. You are also familiarized with the BPMN modeler.
The Trial environment limits the user to one Process. Due to this limitation, you need to delete any
prior processes that are built in the tool first before continuing.
__ 1. Delete process.
Clicking the overflow menu (vertical ellipses) in the tile supplies administrative tasks.
From here, you can manage the organization by inviting members or you can delete the
process.
__ a. Log in to IBM Process Mining by using the credentials you established in exercise 1.
__ b. Click the overflow menu for the P2P - Auto process and select Delete process.

__ c. Click Yes in the warning dialog.

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__ 2. Import a BPMN model.
__ a. In the workspace, click the Application menu in the upper right and select BPA.

__ b. Within the BPA workspace, in the upper left, click Create new and select Process.

__ c. Enter the following:

○ Add to: New process
○ Organization: local
○ Name: BAC

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Exercise 3. Simulating a Blueworks Live BPMN process

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__ d. Click Browse and select the file: Baking Account Closure.bpmn. Then, click Open.

__ e. Click Create.
IBM Process Mining displays the BPMN model.

Hint

Use the mouse wheel to zoom and mouse right-button to move the diagram. You can also use the
toolbar in the lower left to increase or decrease the size of the model, or to center the model in the
canvas.

__ 3. Navigate the BPMN modeler.

__ a. Use the Zoom controls at the bottom to increase the size by clicking the plus sign
several times.

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__ b. Click the top swimlane and view the toolbar to the right of the lane.

Using this toolbar, you can:

○ Add a lane above the highlighted lane
○ Divide the highlighted lane into two lanes
○ Add a lane below the highlighted lane
○ Remove the highlighted lane
Notice the swimlane Name is displayed on the right Properties panel.

__ c. In the BPMN model, select the Request created activity.

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A mini toolbar containing common editing elements is displayed next to it. These are
quick links to add content to the model.

__ d. In the Properties section on the right, select the Others tab.

A RACI chart is provided along with User Defined Properties.
Notice the values in the User Defined Properties. These were imported from
Blueworks Live. Some of these values are used when configuring the simulation.

__ e. Click Versions in the menu bar. Note that from here you can create a new version of the
diagram or delete it.

__ f. Click Export in the top menu. Note from here you can export the diagram as either a
BPMN diagram or an SVG image.

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Exercise 3. Simulating a Blueworks Live BPMN process

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Section 2. Create and run simulations
In this section, you review and initialize simulation parameters. Then, you run a simulation to
generate process events that are used by IBM Process Mining to create a project.
In the next section, you review the results of the simulation.
__ 1. Create a new simulation.
__ a. Click Simulation in the menu bar.

Hint

If you see a window stating there are unsaved changes, click No.

__ b. Enter BAC Simulation for the Simulation Title.

__ c. Click Confirm.

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The new simulation is listed on the left under the Simulations panel and the Simulation
Settings are displayed.
__ 2. Configure simulation parameters.
The Simulation Settings section contains nine parameters, which you can adjust as
required. In the Simulation Settings, note that the Business hours are set to 8-16 and
Exclude weekends is checked. With these settings, the results obtained closely resemble
normal working hours.
__ a. Enter 1000 for Number of instances and enter 1 hour for the interval.

This generates 1000 instances. For each instance, a variable number of Activity Events
(enough events to complete a process instance) are generated.
__ b. Set the Request created activity Service time to 1 hour 20 minutes.

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Exercise 3. Simulating a Blueworks Live BPMN process

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Recall that the BPMN import transformation maps the Work Time (60 minutes) to
Working time (60 minutes) but does not use Wait time (20 minutes). To make the
simulation more accurate, you need to set Service time to the sum of Work Time and
Wait Time (from IBM Blueworks Live). In this case, that is equal to 1 hour 20 minutes.
The screen capture below is from Blueworks Live.

__ c. Make a note of the Cost (5). You view where this value is mapped to in the next section.
__ d. Set the remaining activity service times. Note that the activities might not be in the
exact same order as listed.
Activity Service time
Evaluating Request (NO registered letter) 47 minutes
Evaluating Request (WITH registered letter) 40 minutes
Request completed with customer recovery 15 minutes
Network Service Closure 1 hour 33 minutes
Authorization Requested 23 minutes
BO Service Closure 52 minutes
Pending Request for Reservation Closure 22 minutes
Pending Liquidation Request 11 minutes
Request completed with account closure 14 minutes

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__ 3. Review the Gateway defaults.
__ a. Scroll down to the Gateways section. Note that all Gateways are configured to spread
the probability evenly between the outputs. For the Gateway with three outputs, it
splits the probabilities into 33%, 33%, and 34%.

After running the simulation, you review the results based on these settings. Note that the
Gateways might be listed in a different sequence than in the screen capture.
__ 4. Run the simulation and create a project.
The project that is created from the simulated events can be used to gain business insights
and to discover automation opportunities for improvement of the process imported from
IBM Blueworks Live.
__ a. Scroll down to the bottom and click Run Simulation.
You can ignore the configuration warnings.

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IBM Process Mining runs the simulation by using the configuration settings that you
entered and displays the results.

The Avg Wait time in your results might be a little different.

__ b. Click Create project.

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__ c. Leave the name and click Confirm.

IBM Process Mining creates the new project and opens it in Model view.

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Exercise 3. Simulating a Blueworks Live BPMN process

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Section 3. Examine simulation results
In this section, you review the results of the simulation that was run in the last section. You review
the data that is generated by the simulation and how the parameters from Blueworks Live are
used.
__ 1. Review the Frequency view.
__ a. Note that there are 1,000 cases reported.

__ b. Note how the cases are split based on the first Gateway. Recall the Gateway with three
outputs spread the events evenly. This spread is reflected in the number of events in
the outgoing sequence flows from the Request created activity (33%, 33%, 34%).

The event frequency is displayed on the sequence flows.

__ c. Note the roles that are used in the model.
[APPLICANT]
[DIRECTOR]
These roles are taken from the Blueworks Live model swimlanes.

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__ 2. Review the cost view and add a Role cost.
__ a. On the left, under Model view perspective, select Cost.

__ b. The cost of the activities involving the [DIRECTOR] role do not reflect an accurate role
cost.

__ c. Click Settings in the toolbar in the upper right.

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__ d. In the Settings menu, select Settings.

__ e. In the Settings window, select the Role costs tab.

__ f. Click the Blue plus sign on the right.
__ g. Leave the Profile as [DIRECTOR] and update the value to 20.

__ h. Click Update.
__ i. Notice the updated values and colors based on the higher-cost values.

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__ 3. Review Activity costs.
__ a. Click Settings in the toolbar in the upper right.

__ b. In the Settings menu, select Settings.

__ c. Select the Activity costs tab. Review the activity cost values. Make a note of the
Request created value. Note it is the same value from Blueworks Live.

__ d. On the Settings window, click Cancel.

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__ 4. Review the user distribution and associated roles.
IBM Process Mining created 10 users for the simulation and associated them with the
roles that are taken from the swimlanes in Blueworks Live.
__ a. In the top navigation bar, select Activity map.
__ b. In the Activity Map, select the [DIRECTOR] role in the legend at the lower right.
IBM Process Mining displays the users who are associated with the role.

__ c. In the top navigation bar, select Social net.

The Social net displays the relationships among the users.

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Section 4. Perform a Diff comparison
In this section, you create a new simulation scenario and use the Diff function to compare the
results of the two simulations.
__ 1. Create a new simulation.
__ a. In the top navigation bar, click BPMN.
__ b. In the upper right of the BPMN view, click Simulation.

__ c. Select Existing simulation for the Add to value.

__ d. For Simulation title, select BAC simulation.
__ e. For Version name, enter 2.

__ f. Click Confirm.
__ g. IBM Process Mining opens the Simulation Settings.

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__ 2. Create and configure a second simulation.
__ a. Change the Number of instances to 1500.

__ b. Set the Staff availability to 10 for the Request created activity.

__ c. Set the Staff availability to 10 for the nine remaining activities.

__ d. Scroll down to the Gateways section.

Important

Note that the assigned Gateway numbers might be different for your simulation. The order of the
outputs might be different also. You will see the names of the gateways with a two-digit number
after the first five characters (such as GW-XOR). In the Exercise Guide the different numbers are
referred to as XX. These will have different values for you. Make sure that each gateway adds up
to be 100%.

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__ e. Change the first set of Gateway probabilities. Set the outputs to:
○ GW-XOR-XX 60%
○ Authorization Requested 40%

__ f. Change the second set of Gateway probabilities. Set the outputs to:
○ GW-XOR-XX 50%
○ Evaluating Request (NO registered letter) 20%
○ Evaluating Request (WITH registered letter) 30%

__ g. One of the activities is scheduled to be partially automated by using Robotic Process

Automation (RPA). To simulate this automation, change the Staff availability for the
Network Service Closure back to 1.

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__ h. Click the RPA tab for the Network Service Closure and enter 90 for the Robotic quote
and 22 for Number of robots.

__ 3. Run the simulation and compare the results.

When you run the simulation, IBM Process Mining generates a comparison between the
original (A) simulation and the new one (B) and opens the comparison in the Diff tab.
__ a. Near the upper left, click Run Simulation.
IBM Process Mining displays the results.

From this screen, you have two choices.

1) If you are not satisfied with the results, you can click Return to scenario and make
changes to the simulation configuration.
2) If you are satisfied with the results, you can click Import to add the generated
events to the main model.

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__ b. Click Import.

IBM Process Mining imports the events into the main model and opens the process in
Model view.
__ c. Notice the 1,500 cases that have been added totaling 2,500 cases.

__ 4. Manage datasets.
__ a. Click the Datasource tab at the top.
__ b. In the Upload your data source section, click data sources.

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__ c. Click the Simulated tab.

Notice the BAC Simulation : 2 (version 2.0 data set). This is the data set you generated
when running the simulation for the second time. You can either include or exclude this
data set in the process. For example, to get back to the original 1000 cases data set
simply clear the Include check box. You can also delete this data set permanently.
__ d. Click Cancel to close the Manage dataset window.

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__ e. Log out of IBM Process Mining by accessing the Settings menu and selecting Logout.

End of exercise

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Exercise review and wrap-up
In the exercise, you took on the role of a Technical Analyst for Invenio Bank. To evaluate how IBM
Process Mining can be used to simulate Blueworks Live BPMN diagrams, you imported a
Blueworks Live BPMN diagram and used the BPA module to perform simulations on the model.
You evaluated the data that was mapped from Blueworks Live into IBM Process Mining and
performed a diff comparison on the results of multiple simulations.

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