Derivatives

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. Find f'(x), if f(x) = 2x2 + 3x – 5, at x = –1. 11. Compute the derivative of f(x) = sin2 x.
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) –2 (a) sin 2x (b) 2 sin x (c) 2x sin 2x (d) sin x

2. Find f'(x), if f(x) = sin x, at x = 0. x 5 − cos x

12. Find the derivative of .
(a) 1 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 2 sin x
Find f'(x), if f(x) = 3, at x = 0 and at x = 3. x 5 cos x 1 x 5 cos x
3. (a) (b) −
(a) 0, 0 (b) 1, 2 (c) 5, 1 (d) 2, 8 sin2 x sin x sin2 x
x
4. Find f'(x), if f(x) = x2 (c) (d) None of these
sin2 x
(a) x (b) 2x (c) 4x (d) x2/2 13. Find the derivative of (x2 + 1) cos x.
5. Find f'(x), if f(x) = a, where a is a real number. (a) 2x cos x – (x2 + 1) sin x
(a) 4 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) 0 (b) 2x sin x – x2 cos x
(c) x2(cos x – sin x)
1 (d) 2x(sin x + cos x)
6. Find f'(x), if f(x) =
x
1 1 dy
(a) 2 (b) −
2
(c) 0 (d) 1 14. If x 1 + y + y 1 + x = 0 , then =
x x dx
x +1 1
2x + 3 (a) (b)
7. Find f'(x), if f(x) = x 1+ x
x −2
−1 x
−7 −7 (c) (d)
(a) (b) (1 + x )2 1+ x
( x − 2) ( x − 2)2
7  dy 
(c) (d) None of these 15. If y = f(x) = –cosec x ⋅ cos x, then  
 dx  x = π
x −2 is equal to 2
8. Compute the derivative of 6x100 – x55 + x. 1
(a) x99 – x54 + 1 (a) 0 (b) (c) 1 (d) 3
2
(b) 100x99 – 55x4 + 1 2 + x2
99 54 16. If h(x) = , h ′(1) =
(c) 600x – 55x +1 2 − x2
(d) None of these (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
2 3
9. Find the derivative of f(x) = 1 + x + x + x
17. If f ( x) = 1 − x + (1 + x )2 , f ′ (1) is equal to
+ ... + x50 at x = 1.
1 3
(a) 1275 (b) 1200 (c) 1326 (d) 1542 (a) (b) 1 (c) (d) 2
2 2
x +1 2 1 dy
10. Find the derivative of f(x) = . 18. If y = x + sin x + 2 , then is equal to
x x dx
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) 0 (d) − (a) 2x – cosx + 2 (b) x – 2x2 + cosx
2
x x x2 (c) 2x + cosx – (2/x3) (d) (2/x3) – cosx
19. If y = x tan x, then dy/dx is equal to sin( x + 9) dy
tan x 25. If y = , then at x = 0 is
y cos x dx
(a) (b)
x − x 2 − y2 x − x 2 − y2 (a) cos 9 (b) sin 9 (c) 0 (d) 1
tan x cos x sin x + x
(c) (d) x x2 x100
y−x cos2 x 26. If f(x) = 1 + + + ... + , then f ′(0) is
20. If y = (x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)(x + 4)(x + 5), then 2 3 101
equal to
dy (a) 1/100 (b) 100
the value of at x = 0 is equal to
dx
(a) 374 (b) 742 (c) 472 (d) 274 1
(c) Does not exist (d)
2
21. Find the derivative of 2x4 + x.
x x2 x3 dy
3
(a) x + 1 3
(b) 8x + 1 27. If y = 1 + + + + ...., then = ______ .
1! 2 ! 3 ! dx
3
(c) x – 1 (d) None of these (a) 2y (b) y (c) –y (d) –2y

π x−4
22. If f(x) = x sinx, then f ′   is equal to 28. If f ( x ) = , then f′(1) is
2 2 x
1 3 −1 5 1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) –1 (d) (a) (b) (c) (d)
2 4 4 4 4
1 dy 29. Find the derivative of (secx – 1)(secx + 1)
23. If y = x+ , then at x = 1 is
x dx
(a) 2 tanx sec2x (b) tanx secx
1 1 (c) tanx sec x 2
(d) tanx
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d) 0
2 2
30. Find the derivative of 4 x − 2
1
1+ 2 1
24. If y = x 2 , then dy = (a)
2
(b)
2
(c) (d)
1 dx x x2 x x
1−
2
x 31. Find the derivative of (x2 + 1) cos x
−4 x −4 x
(a) 2 2
(b) (a) 2xcosx – xsinx
( x − 1) x2 −1
2
(b) 2x cosx – x2 sinx – sinx
1− x 4x
(c) (d) 2 (c) 2xcosx
4x x −1
(d) xcosx – sinx

Case Based MCQs

Case I : Read the following passage and answer 32. The value of f(x + h) is
the questions from 32 to 36. (a) sin (x + h) (b) tan2 (x + h)
Let f be a real valued function, the function (c) tan (x + h) (d) tan (x – h)
f ( x + h) − f ( x )
defined by f ′(x) = lim whenever 33. The value of f(x + h) – f(x) is
h→0 h
the limit exists is defined to be the derivative
sin h tan h
of f at x. (a) (b)
cos ( x + h)cos x cos ( x + h)cos x
For a function f(x) = tan x, answer the following
cos h cos( x + h)cos x
questions. (c) (d)
sin( x + h)cos x sin( x + h)
 f ( x + h) − f ( x ) (c) constant term of f(x)
34. The value of lim is
h→0 h (d) None of these
(a) cos2x (b) tan x Case III : Read the following passage and
1 answer the questions from 42 to 46.
(c) (d) 1
cos2 x Let f and g be two functions such that their
35. The value of f ′(0) is derivatives are defined in a common domain. We
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 define the derivative of product of two functions
is given by the product rule i.e.,
36. Find the value of f ′(60°).
d d d
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6 3 [ f ( x ) ⋅ g ( x )] = g ( x ) f (x ) + f (x ) ⋅ g( x )
dx dx dx
Case II : Read the following passage and answer The derivative of quotient of two functions is
the questions from 37 to 41. given by quotient rule i.e.,
Let f(x) = anxn + an – 1 x n – 1 + ...... + a1x + a0 d d
be a polynomial function, where ai's are all real g( x ) f ( x ) − f ( x ). g( x )
d  f (x )  dx dx
= ; g( x ) ≠ 0
numbers and a n ≠ 0. Then the derivative of dx  g ( x )  ( g ( x ))2
function f(x) is given by
42. Find the derivative of x(x + 2).
d
f ( x ) = nan x n −1 + (n − 1)an −1x n −2 + ... + 2a2 x + a1 (a) x + 2 (b) 2x + 1
dx
(c) 3x + 4 (d) 2(x + 1)
x100 x 99 x2
For a function f ( x ) = + + ... + + x + 1,
100 99 2 43. The value of f ′(x), if f(x) = sin x⋅ cos x is
answer the following questions. (a) cos 2x (b) sin 2x
37. The derivative of f(x) w.r.t x is (c) 1 (d) cos x
(a) x100 + x99 + x98 + ...... + x + 1 d  x +1
44. The value of   is
(b) x99 + x98 + ...... + x + 1 dx  x − 1 
(c) 100 x99 + 99x98 + ...... + x + 1 (a) (x – 1)2 (b) −2
(d) None of these. ( x − 1)2

38. The value of f ′(0) is (c) 1 (d) −1

2
(a) 2 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) –1 ( x − 1) ( x − 1)2
π
x 2 cos  
39. The value of f ′(1) is 4
45. Find the value of derivative of
(a) 100 (b) 0 sin x
(c) 200 (d) 10 π
at x = .
40. Which of the following condition satisfies? 2
π 1 π π
(a) f ′(1) = 99 f ′(0) (a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 3
(b) f ′(1) = 100 f ′(0)
(c) f ′(0) = f ′(1) 46. The product rule given above is also referred as
(d) f ′(0) = 100 f ′(1) (a) Sandwich theorem
41. The value of f ′(0) is always (b) Leibnitz product rule
2
(a) coefficient of x in f(x) (c) Chain rule
(b) 0 (d) None of these
 Assertion & Reasoning Based MCQs
Directions (Q.-47 to 50) : In these questions, a statement of Assertion is followed by a statement of Reason is given. Choose
the correct answer out of the following choices :
(a) Assertion and Reason both are correct statements and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) Assertion and Reason both are correct statements but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct statement but Reason is wrong statement.
(d) Assertion is wrong statement but Reason is correct statement.

47. Let u = f(x) and v = g(x). Then, 3

49. Assertion : The derivative of y = 2x − is 2.
Assertion : (uv)′ = u′v + uv′ is a Leibnitz rule 4
or product rule. Reason : The derivative of y = cx is c.

 u  ′ u ′v − uv ′ x + cos x
Reason :   = is a Leibnitz rule or 50. Assertion : The derivative of h(x) =
v  v′ tan x
2
quotient rule. is (1 − sin x )tan x − ( x + cos x )sec x .
(tan x )2
48. Assertion : The derivative of f(x) = x3 is x2.
 u  ′ u′v − uv′
Reason : The derivative of f(x) = xn is nxn – 1 Reason :   = .
v  (v)2

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

Very Short Answer Type Questions (VSA)

1. Write the derivative of x3sinx w.r.t. x. 2
 1 
6. Differentiate  x +  w.r.t. x.
2. Write the derivative of x2tanx w.r.t. x.  x
d 7. Find the derivative of x3sec x w.r.t. x.
3. Evaluate : (sec2 x )
dx
x3 + x2 + 1
4. Differentiate f (x) = (3x + 5)(1 + tan x) with 8. Differentiate f ( x ) = with respect
x
respect to x. to x.

5. Find the derivative of 9. Find the derivative of x–3(5 + 3x).

2π
f (x) = cosx – sinx at x = . 10. Find the derivative of x 3 − 3x 2 + 2x −4
3

Short Answer Type Questions (SA-I)

f (x) = x2 – 6x + 8, prove that f'(5) – 3f'(2) = f'(8).
1 + sin x
11. Find the derivative of .
1 − sin x
15. Find the derivative of
2
12. If f (x) =  cos x + sin x  , then find f ′  π  .
 2 2 4 f (x) = (ax2 + sin x) (p + qcosx)

13. Differentiate tan2x using first principle. 16. Find the derivative of f(x) = 10x using first
14. For the function f, given by principle.
 1 19. Find the derivative of x 5(3 – 6 x –9) with
17. Find the derivative of 2 , with respect
respect to x.
ax + b
to x.
3x + 4
18. If f(x) = 1 – x + x 2 – x 3 ... –x 99 + x100 , then 20. Find the derivative of .
5x 2 − 7 x + 9
find f ′(1)⋅

Short Answer Type Questions (SA-II)

x + sin x 29. Find the derivative of sin 2 x by first
21. Find the derivative of y = .
( x 2 − 1) principle.

22. Using the method of first principle find the 3−x

30. Differentiate f ( x ) = with respect to
2x + 7 3 + 4x
derivative of f ( x ) = . x by first principle of derivative.
x +2
23. Find the derivative of tan(2x + 3) by first 31. Differentiate x2/3 by using first principle.
principle method.
a + b sin x
32. Differentiate :
24. Find the derivative of c + d cos x
5x + 4 4 x + 5 sin x
(i) (6x3 + 9x)(5x + 10) (ii)
x −3 33. Differentiate :
3x + 7 cos x
2x 3 − sin x
25. Differentiate w.r.t. x. sin x + cos x
cot x 34. If y = , then find the value of
sin x − cos x
26. Find the derivative of f ( x ) = cos x using dy
at x = 0.
first principle. dx

27. Find f′ ( x ) using first principle, where 35. Find the derivative of the following functions :
1 (i) 5 sin x – 6 cos x + 7
f (x ) = x − .
x
(ii) 3 cot x + 5 cosec x
28. Find the derivative of cos x using first
principle. (iii) 2 tan x – 7 sec x.

Long Answer Type Questions (LA)

36. Differentiate cot x w.r.t. x from first x

(ii) Find the derivative of f ( x ) = .
principle method. 1 + tan x
39. Find the derivative of cosec x with respect
37. Find the derivative of sin x + cos x from first to x, from first principle.
principle.
x n − an
40. If f (x) = for some constant ‘a’, then
38. (i) Find the derivative of cot x using first x−a
principle method. prove that f ′(a) does not exists.
 OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS 8. (c) : Let f(x) = 6x100 – x55 + x

\ f ′(x) = 6 × 100x99 – 55x54 + 1 = 600x99 – 55x54 + 1

1. (c) : We have, f(x) = 2x2 + 3x – 5

\
f ( −1 + h ) − f ( −1) 9. (a) : We have, f(x) = 1 + x + x2 + x3 + ... + x50
f ′( −1) = lim
h→0 h
\ f ′(x) = 0 + 1 + 2x + 3x2 + ... + 50x49
2 2
[ 2( −1 + h ) + 3( −1 + h ) − 5] − [ 2( − 1) + 3( −1) − 5]
= lim 50( 50 + 1)
h→0 h So, f ′(1) = 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 50 = = 25 × 51 = 1275
2
2h2 − h 10. (d) : Clearly this function is defined everywhere
= lim = lim( 2 h − 1) = 2(0 ) − 1 = −1
h→0 h h→0
except at x = 0.
2. (a) : Let f(x) = sin x. Then
d d
d x ( x + 1) − ( x + 1) ⋅ ( x )
d  x + 1 dx dx
f ′(0) = lim
f (0 + h) − f (0) \ [ f ( x )] = dx  x  =
h→0 h dx x2
sin( 0 + h ) − sin(0 ) sin h 1 ⋅ ( x ) − ( x + 1) ⋅ 1 1
= lim = lim =1 = =−
h→0 h h→0 h x2 x2
3. (a) : We have, f(x) = 3 11. (a) : We have, f(x) = sin2 x
 d  d d
⇒ f ′(x) = 0  ∵
dx
(c ) = 0 
 \
dx
[ f ( x )] = (sin x × sin x )
dx
\ f ′(0) = 0 and f ′(3) = 0
= (sin x)′ sin x + sin x(sin x)′ (Using product rule)
f (x + h) − f (x)
4. (b) : We have, f ′( x ) = lim = (cos x) sin x + sin x(cos x) = 2sin x cos x = sin 2x
h→0 h
( x + h )2 − ( x )2 x 5 − cos x
= lim = lim( h + 2 x ) = 2 x 12. (d) : Let f ( x ) = .
h→0 h h→0 sin x
5. (d) ( x 5 − cos x )′ sin x − ( x 5 − cos x )(sin x )′
\ f ′( x ) =
f (x + h) − f (x) (sin x )2
6. (b) : We have, f ′( x ) = lim
h→0 h  {Using quotient rule}
1 1
−
(x + h) x 1  x − (x + h)  ( 5x 4 + sin x )sin x − ( x 5 − cos x )cos x
= lim = lim   =
h→0 h h → 0 h  x( x + h )  sin 2 x

1  −h  −1 1 − x 5 cos x + 5x 4 sin x + 1
= lim  = lim =− 2 =  [ sin2x + cos2x = 1]

h → 0 h  x( x + h )  h → 0 x ( x + h ) x sin 2 x

f (x + h) − f (x) 13. (a) : Let f(x) = (x2 + 1) cos x

7. (b) : We have, f ′( x ) = lim
h
f ′(x) = (x2 + 1)′ cos x + (cos x)′ (x2 + 1)
h→0
\
2( x + h ) + 3 2 x + 3
−
= (2x + 0)cos x + (–sin x)(x2 + 1)
= lim x + h − 2 x−2
h→0 h
= 2x cos x – (x2 + 1)sin x
( 2 x + 2 h + 3)( x − 2 ) − ( 2 x + 3)( x + h − 2 )
= lim
h→0 h( x − 2 )( x + h − 2 ) 14. (c) : Given x 1 + y + y 1 + x = 0
( 2 x + 3)( x − 2 ) + 2 h( x − 2 ) − ( 2 x + 3)( x − 2 ) − h( 2 x + 3)
= lim ⇒ x 1 + y = −y 1 + x  ...(i)
h→0 h( x − 2 )( x + h − 2))
Squaring both the sides, we get
−7 7
= lim =−
h → 0 ( x − 2 )( x + h − 2 ) ( x − 2 )2 x2(1 + y) = y2(1 + x) ⇒ x2 – y2 + x2y – xy2 = 0
⇒ (x – y)(x + y + xy) = 0 ⇒ y = x or y(1 + x) = – x
 x 21. (b) : Let y = 2x4 + x.
⇒ y = x or y = −
1+x Differentiating both sides with respect to x, we get
Note that y = x does not satisfy (i) in general.
dy d d 3 3
= ( 2 x 4 ) + ( x ) = 2 × 4x + 1 = 8x + 1
x dy (1 + x ) ⋅ 1 − x −1 dx dx dx
⇒ y=− ⇒ =− 2
=
1+x dx (1 + x ) (1 + x )2 22. (b) : As f ′(x) = (x)′ sinx + x (sinx)′ = x cos x + sin x
15. (c) : We have, y = –cosec x cos x π π π π
So, f ′   = cos + sin = 1
2 2 2 2
cos x
⇒ y=− = –cotx
sin x 1
23. (d) : We have, y = x + ...(i)
dy x
∴ = −( − cosec2 x ) = cosec2 x
dx Differentiating (i) w.r.t. x, we get
2
dy  π dy d d  1 
\ =  cosec  = (1)2 = 1 = ( x)+
 2 dx  x 
dx π
at x =
2
dx dx
1  −1  1 1 1
2 + x2 = +   × 3/2 = − 3/2
16. (d) : We have, h( x )= 2 x  2  x 2 x 2x
2 − x2
dy 1 1
( 2 − x 2 )( 2 x ) − ( 2 + x 2 )( −2 x ) = − =0
\ h ′( x ) = dx at x = 1 2 2
( 2 − x 2 )2 1
1+
2 2 x 2 x2 + 1
2 x( 2 − x + 2 + x ) 8x 8 24. (a) : We have, y = ⇒ y= 2 ...(i)
= 2 2
= 2 2 \ h ′( 1) = = 8. 1 x −1
(2 − x ) (2 − x ) 1 1− 2
x
17. (c) : We have, f ( x ) = 1 − x + (1 + x )2 Differentiating (i) w.r.t. x, we get

2 d 2 2 d 2
=1 − x + 1 + x + 2 x dy ( x − 1) dx ( x + 1) − ( x + 1) dx ( x − 1)
=
1 dx ( x 2 − 1)2
⇒ f ( x ) = 2 + x + x ⇒ f ′( x ) = 1 +
2 x
( x 2 − 1)( 2 x ) − ( x 2 + 1)( 2 x )
=
Now, f ′(1) = 1 +
1 3
= . ( x 2 − 1)2
2 2
2x3 − 2x − 2x3 − 2x −4 x
1 = =
18. (c) : We have, y = x2 + sinx +  ( x 2 − 1 )2 ( x 2 − 1)2
x2
sin( x + 9 )
dy 2 25. (a) : We have, y = ...(i)
\ = 2x + cos x + (–2)x–3 = 2 x + cos x − 3 cos x
dx x
Differentiating (i) w.r.t. x, we get
19. (d) : We have, y = x tanx
d d
\
dy
= x(tan x )′ + tan x ⋅ ( x )′ = x sec2 x + tan x ⋅ 1 dy cos x dx (sin( x + 9 )) − sin( x + 9 ) dx (cos x )
=
dx dx cos 2 x
x sin x x + sin x cos x
= + = cos x (cos( x + 9 )) − sin( x + 9 )( − sin x )
2
cos x cos x cos 2 x =
cos 2 x
20. (d) : y = (x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)(x + 4)(x + 5) cos x cos( x + 9 ) + sin x sin( x + 9 )
=
dy cos 2 x
⇒ = (x + 2)(x + 3)(x + 4)(x + 5) cos( x − x − 9 ) cos( −9 ) cos 9
dx = = = (Q cos(–x) = cosx)
 + (x + 1)(x + 3)(x + 4)(x + 5) + ..... cos 2 x cos 2 x cos 2 x

 (Using product rule) dy cos 9 cos 9

\ = 2
= = cos 9
dx at x = 0 (cos 0 ) 1
 dy 
\   = 120 + 60 + 40 + 30 + 24 = 274. x x2 x3 x 100
dx x =0 26. (d) : We have, f ( x ) = 1 + + + + ... + ...(i)
2 3 4 101
Differentiating (i) w.r.t. x, we get 33. (a) : f(x + h) – f(x) = tan (x + h) – tan x
sin( x + h ) sin x
1 2 x 3x 2 100 x 99 = −
f ′( x ) = 0 + + + + ... + cos( x + h ) cos x
2 3 4 101
sin( x + h ) cos x − sin x cos ( x + h )
1 =
\ f ′(0) = cos x ⋅ cos( x + h )
2
27. (b) : We have, sin( x + h − x ) sin h
= =
cos x ⋅ cos( x + h ) cos x cos( x + h )
x x2 x3 x4
y =1+ + + + + ......
1! 2 ! 3 ! 4 ! 34. (c) : lim f ( x + h ) − f ( x )
h→0 h
dy 2x 3x 2 4x 3 sin h 1
Now, = 0 +1+ + + + ..... = lim ⋅ lim
dx 2 6 24 h→0 h h → 0 cos x ⋅ cos( x + h )
x2 x3 1  sin x 
=1+ x + + + ....... = lim
2 6 h → 0 cos x ⋅ cos( x + h )
∵ xlim
→0 x
= 1

x x2 x3 1
=1+ + + + ....... = y =
1! 2 ! 3 ! cos 2 x
x−4 f (x + h) − f (x)
28. (c) : We have, f (x) = 35. (b) : Since, f ′( x ) = lim
2 x h→0 h
1
2 x − (x − 4) ⋅ 2 ⋅ 1
2 x ⇒ f ′( x ) = = sec2 x
⇒ f ′(x) = cos 2 x
4x
2x − (x − 4) 2x − x + 4 x+4 ⇒ f ′(0 ) = sec2 (0 ) = 1
= = =
4x 3 / 2 4x 3 / 2 4x 3 / 2 36. (c) : f ′(60°) = sec2 60° = ( 2 )2 = 4 .
1+ 4 5
∴ At x = 1, f ′(1) = = x 100 x 99 x2
4 × (1)3 / 2 4 37. (b) : ∵ f ( x ) = + + ... + +x+1
100 99 2
29. (a) : Let y = (secx – 1)(secx + 1)
x 99 x 98 x
⇒ y = (sec2x – 1) ∴ f ′( x ) = 100. + 99 + ... + 2. + 1
100 99 2
= tan2x
⇒ f ′( x ) = x 99 + x 98 + ... + x + 1
dy d 2
Now, = 2 tan x ⋅ tan x = 2 tanx·sec x 38. (c) : f ′(0) = 0 + 0 + ... + 0 + 1 = 1
dx dx
30. (c) : Let f (x) = 4 x − 2 ⇒ f(x) = 4x1/2 – 2 ... (i) 39. (a) : f ′(1) = 1+
1 +
... 
+ 1 +1 = 100
100 times
Differentiating (i) with respect to x, we get
40. (b) : Since, 100 = 100 × 1
1
d 1 −1 ⇒ f ′(1) = 100 f ′(0 )
( f (x)) = × 4x 2 − 0
dx 2 41. (c)
1 1 d d d
1 −
2
−
2 2 42. (d) : ( x( x + 2 )) = ( x ) ⋅ ( x + 2 ) + x ( x + 2 )
= × 4x = 2x = dx dx dx
2 x 1/ 2
= 1⋅(x + 2) + x⋅1 = 2x + 2 = 2(x + 1)
31. (b) : Let f(x) = (x2 + 1) cos x 43. (a) : f(x) = sinx⋅ cosx
⇒ f(x) = x2 cos x + cos x ... (i) d d
⇒ f ′( x ) = cos x ⋅ (sin x ) + sin x ⋅ (cos x )
Differentiating (i) with respect to x, we get dx dx
d = cos x ⋅ cos x + sin x (–sin x)
[ f (x)] = 2x cos x + x 2 (− sin x) + (− sin x) = cos2x – sin2x = cos 2x
dx
d d
= 2x cos x – x2 sin x – sin x ( x + 1).( x − 1) − ( x + 1). ( x − 1)
44. (b) : d  x + 1  dx dx
32. (c) : Since f (x) = tan x.  =
dx  x − 1  ( x − 1)2
Replace x by x + h in f (x), we get
( x − 1) − ( x + 1) −2
f(x + h) = tan (x + h) = =
2
( x − 1) ( x − 1)2
 π 1 x2 d 2
45. (c) : ∵ cos = , then f ( x ) = 2. We have, ( x ⋅ tan x )
4 2 2 sin x dx

d 2 d d d
( x ) ⋅ ( 2 sin x ) − x 2 ( 2 sin x ) = x2 (tan x ) + tan x ⋅ ( x 2 )
⇒ f ′( x ) = dx dx dx dx
( 2 sin x )2
= x2 · sec2x + tanx·(2x)
2 x ⋅ 2 sin x − 2 x 2 cos x 2 x sin x − x 2 cos x = x(x· sec2x + 2tanx)
= = 2
2 2 sin x
2 sin x
d d
π 3. (sec2 x ) = (sec x ⋅ sec x )
2 × .1 − 0 dx dx
π 2 π
⇒ f ′  = =
2 2 ⋅ (1)2 2 = sec x ⋅(sec x tan x ) + sec x (sec x tan x )

46. (b) d
\ (sec2 x ) = 2 sec2 x tan x
dx
47. (c) : Let u = f(x) and v = g(x).
4. We have, f (x) = (3x + 5) (1 + tanx)
Then, (uv)′ = u′v + uv′
d
This is referred as Leibnitz rule or the product rule f (
′ x) = [(3x + 5) (1 + tanx)]
dx
for differentiating product of functions. Similarly, the
u ′ u′ v − uv′ d d
quotient rule is   = . = ( 3x + 5) (1 + tan x ) + (1 + tan x ) (3x + 5)
v v2 dx dx
48. (d) :We have, f(x) = x3 = (3x + 5) (sec2x) + (1 + tanx) (3)
⇒ f ′(x) = 3x2 ≠ x2 = 3xsec2x + 5 sec2x + 3 + 3 tanx
∴ Assertion is wrong. = 3(1 + tanx + x sec2x) + 5 sec2 x.
3
49. (a) : We have, y = 2 x − 5. We have, f(x) = cosx – sinx
4
dy d d
⇒ = ( 2 × 1) − 0 = 2 ⇒ f ′( x ) = (cos x ) − (sin x ) = – sinx – cosx
dx dx dx

∴ Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason ∴  2π   2π 2π 

f ′   = −  sin + cos 
is the correct explanation of Assertion.
 3  3 3
x + cos x
50. (a) : We have, h(x) = ...(i)  3 1
tan x =− −
 2 2 
Differentiating both sides of (i) w.r.t. ‘x’, we get
\  2π  1 − 3
( x + cos x )′ tan x − ( x + cos x )(tan x )′ f′  =
 3  2
h ′( x ) =
(tan x )2 2
(1 − sin x )tan x − ( x + cos x )sec2 x 6. We have, d  x + 1 
= dx  x
(tan x )2
∴ Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason d  1 
=  x + + 2 
is the correct explanation of Assertion. dx x

SUBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS d d 1 d

= (x) +   + (2)
dx dx  x  dx
1. Let f(x) = x3 sinx
 −1  1
= 1+  2  +0 = 1− 2
d 3 x  x
⇒ f ′ (x) = ( x sin x ) = 3x 2 ⋅ sin x + x 3 ⋅ cos x
dx d 3 d d
7. ( x sec x ) = x 3 ⋅ (sec x ) + sec x ⋅ ( x 3 )
2
= x (3 sinx + x cosx) dx dx dx
 ∴ By first principle of differentiation, we have,
= x 3 ⋅ sec x tan x + sec x ⋅ 3x 2
= x2 secx (x tanx + 3) tan( 2 x + 2 h ) − tan 2 x
f ′( x ) = lim
h→0 h
x 3 + x 2 +1 2 1 2 tan 2 h
8. f (x ) = =x +x + = lim ⋅ [1 + tan( 2 x + 2 h )tan 2 x ]
x x h→0 2h
d 2 d d 1   tan A − tan B 
\ f ′( x ) = (x ) + (x ) +    Using tan( A − B) = 1 + tan A ⋅ tan B 
dx dx dx  x 
= 2 ⋅ (1 + tan 2 2 x ) = 2 sec2 2 x.
3 2
1 2x + x − 1
= 2x + 1 − = 14. We have, f (x) = x2 – 6x + 8 ⇒ f '(x) = 2x – 6
2
x x2
9. Let y = x–3 (5 + 3x) ⇒ f '(5) = 10 – 6 = 4; f '(2) = 4 – 6 = – 2;

⇒ y = 5 . x–3 + 3x–2 f '(8) = 16 – 6 = 10.

\ f ′(5) – 3f ′(2) = 4 – 3 (– 2) = 10 = f ′(8)
dy
\ = 5 ( −3) ⋅ x −4 + 3( −2 ) ⋅ x −3
dx 15. Given, f(x) = (ax2 + sin x)(p + qcosx)
= – 15x–4 – 6x–3 d
⇒ f ′( x ) = {( ax 2 + sin x )( p + q cos x )}
–3 –1 dx
= – 3x (5x + 2)
d d
= ( ax 2 + sin x ). ( p + q cos x ) + ( p + q cos x ). ( ax 2 + sin x )
\ dy −3  5  −3 dx dx
=  + 2  = 4 ( 5 + 2 x )
dx x 3  x x
= (ax2 + sinx) .(–q sinx) + (p + q cosx).(2ax + cosx)
d 3
10.
dx
(
x − 3x 2 + 2 x − 4 ) = –aqx2sinx – qsin2x + 2apx + pcosx + 2aqx cos x
d ( 3) d ( 2) d  + q cos2x
= x −3 x + 2 ( x −4 )
dx dx dx
16. Given, f(x) = 10x
= 3x − 3 × 2 x + 2 ( −4 x
2 −5 )
10( x + h) − 10x
From first principle, f ′(x ) = lim ,
2
= 3x − 6 x − 8x −5 h→0 h
10 h
⇒ f ′( x ) = lim = lim 10 = 10
2 h
1 + sin x (1 + sin x ) h→0 h→0
11. Let y = =
1 − sin x 1 − sin 2 x 1
17. Let y =
ax 2 + b
1 + sin x
= = sec x + tan x d d
cos x 2 2
dy ( ax + b ) dx (1) − 1 ⋅ dx ( ax + b )
∴ =
Now
dy d 2
= (sec x + tan x ) = sec x tan x + sec x
dx ( ax 2 + b )2
dx dx
2 ( ax 2 + b )0 − ( 2 ax ) −2 ax
12.  x x = =
f ( x ) =  cos + sin  2
( ax + b ) 2
( ax 2 + b )2
 2 2
x x x x 18. We have,
= cos 2 + sin 2 + 2 sin cos
2 2 2 2
f(x) = 1 – x + x2 – x3 + ...... – x99 + x100
⇒ f(x) = 1 + sin x
⇒ f ′ ( x ) = 0 – 1 + 2 x – 3 x 2 + ...... – 99 x 98 + 100 x 99
⇒ f ′(x) = 0 + cos x = cos x
= – 1 + 2x – 3x2 + ..... – 99x98 + 100x99
π π 1
∴ f ′   = cos = Now, for x = 1, f ′(1) = – 1 + 2 – 3 + ..... –99 + 100
4 4 2
13. Let f(x) = tan2x = (–1 – 3 – 5 – ..... – 99) + (2 + 4 + ..... + 100)
 50 50  1   ( 2 x + 2 h + 7 )( x + 2 ) − ( 2 x + 7 ) ( x + h + 2 ) 
=− [(2 × 1) + (50 − 1)2] + [(2 × 2) + (50 − 1)2] = lim    
2 2 h→0  h   ( x + 2 )( x + h + 2 ) 
= – 25 [2 + 49 × 2] + 25[4 + 49 × 2]
 2 x 2 + 4 x + 2 hx + 4 h + 7 x + 14 − 
= – 25 (2 + 98) + 25 (4 + 98) = – 2500 + 2550 = 50  
1  ( 2 x 2 + 2 xh + 4 x + 7 x + 7 h + 14 ) 
d 5 d = lim  
19. { x ( 3 − 6 x −9 )} = {3 ⋅ x 5 − 6 x −4 } h→0 h  ( x + 2 )( x + h + 2) 
dx dx
d 5 d −4 1 4h − 7 h  −3h
= ( 3x ) − (6x ) = lim = lim
dx dx  
h → 0 h  ( x + 2 )( x + h + 2 )  h → 0 h( x + 2 )( x + h + 2 )
= 3 (5x4) – 6 (–4)x–5
−3
=
24 ( x + 2 )2
= 15x + 24 x = 15x 4 +
4 –5
5
x
3x + 4 23. Let f (x) = tan (2x + 3)
20. Let y =
5x 2 − 7 x + 9 Then, using first principle

d d f (x + h) − f (x)
(5x 2 − 7 x + 9) (3x + 4) − (3x + 4) (5x 2 − 7 x + 9) f ′( x ) = lim
dy dx dx h→0 h
⇒ =
dx (5x 2 − 7 x + 9)2 tan ( 2( x + h ) + 3) − tan( 2 x + 3)
= lim
h→0 h
(5x 2 − 7 x + 9)3 − (3x + 4)(10x − 7)
=
(5x 2 − 7 x + 9)2 = lim
tan( 2 x + 2 h + 3) − tan( 2 x + 3)
h→0 h
15x 2 − 21x + 27 − 30x 2 + 21x − 40x + 28
= tan( 2 x + 2 h + 3 − 2 x − 3)(1 + tan( 2 x + 2 h + 3)
(5x 2 − 7 x + 9)2
tan( 2 x + 3))
= lim
55 − 15x 2 − 40x h→0 h
=
(5x 2 − 7 x + 9)2 tan 2 h
= lim 2 × ⋅ [1 + tan( 2 x + 2 h + 3)tan( 2 x + 3)]
x + sin x h→0 2h
21. We have, y = ⇒ dy = d  x + sin x  2
( x 2 − 1) dx 2
dx  x − 1  = 2 ⋅ [1 + tan 2 ( 2 x + 3)] = 2⋅sec (2x + 3)
d d d  3
( x 2 − 1)( x + sin x ) − ( x + sin x ) ⋅ ( x 2 − 1)
dx dx
24. (i) We have, (6 x + 9 x ) ( 5x + 10 )
= dx
( x 2 − 1)2
d {
2
( x − 1)(1 + cos x ) − ( x + sin x )( 2 x ) = 30 x 4 + 60 x 3 + 45 x 2 + 90 x}
= dx
( x 2 − 1)2
2 2 2
= 30 × 4x3 + 60 × 3x2 + 45 × 2x + 90 × 1
x + x cos x − 1 − cos x − 2 x − 2 x sin x
= = 120x3 + 180x2 + 90x + 90
( x 2 − 1)2
= 30 (4x3 + 6x2 + 3x +3)
− x 2 + x 2 cos x − 1 − cos x − 2 x sin x
=
( x 2 − 1)2 (ii) We have,
d  5x + 4 
 
dx  x − 3 
−( x 2 + 1) + cos x( x 2 − 1) − 2 x sin x
= d d
( x 2 − 1)2 ( x − 3) ⋅ ( 5x + 4 ) − ( 5x + 4 ) ( x − 3)
= dx dx
2x + 7 ( x − 3)2
22. Here, f ( x ) =
x+2
( x − 3)( 5) − ( 5x + 4 ) ⋅ 1
f (x + h) − f (x) =
Then by using first principle, f ′( x ) = lim ( x − 3)2
h→0 h
2( x + h ) + 7 2 x + 7 5x − 15 − 5x − 4 −19
− = 2
=
( x − 3) ( x − 3)2
= lim x + h + 2 x+2
h→0 h
 2 x 3 − sin x  1
(x + h − x) − 
1
− 
25. Let y =
cot x  ( x + h ) x 
= lim
h→0 h
dy d  2 x 3 − sin x 
⇒ =   x − x − h
dx dx  cot x  h−   h 
= lim  x( x + h )  = lim 1 + 
h→0 h h→0  hx ( x + h ) 
d d
cot x ⋅ ( 2 x 3 − sin x ) − ( 2 x 3 − sin x ) ⋅ (cot x )
= dx dx
 1  1
(cot x )2 = lim 1 +  = 1+ 2
h→0  x( x + h )  x
cot x ⋅ (6 x 2 − cos x ) − ( 2 x 3 − sin x )( − cosec 2 x )
= 28. Let f (x) = cos x
cot 2 x
f (x + h) − f (x)
6 x 2 cot x − cot x ⋅ cos x + 2 x 3cosec2 x − sin x ⋅ cosec2 x \ By first principle, f ′( x ) = lim
= h→0 h
cot 2 x
cos( x + h ) − cos x
cos x cos x 1 1 = lim
6x 2 ⋅ − ⋅ cos x + 2 x 3 − sin x ⋅ h→0 h
=
sin x sin x sin 2 x sin 2 x
cos 2 x x+h+x x−x−h
sin 2 x
2 sin   ⋅ sin  
 2 2
= lim
(6 x 2 cos x − cos 2 x )sin x + ( 2 x 3 − sin x ) h→0 h
=
cos 2 x h
  h
2 sin  x +  ⋅ sin  − 
 2   2
26. Given, f ( x ) = cos x  = lim
h→0 h
f (x + h) − f (x)
From first principle, f ′( x ) = lim h h
h→0 h 
−2 sin  x +  ⋅ sin
 2  2
= lim
cos( x + h ) − cos x h→0 h
= lim 2 
2
h→0 h
cos( x + h ) − cos x −2 sin ( x + 0 )
= lim = = − sin x
h → 0 h [ cos( x + h ) + cos x ] 2

 h h 29. Let f (x) = sin2x

−2 sin  x +  .sin
 2 2
= lim Then, using first principle,
h→0 h[ cos( x + h ) + cos x ]
f (x + h) − f (x)
 h h f ′( x ) = lim
−2 sin  x +  sin h→0 h
 2 2
= lim ⋅
h→0 [ cos( x + h ) + cos x ] h ⋅ 2 sin 2( x + h ) − sin 2 x
2 = lim 
h→0 h
− sin x − sin x 2x + 2h + 2x 2x + 2h − 2x
= ×1=
cos x + cos x 2 cos x  2 cos
2
⋅ sin
2
= lim
h→0 h
1
27. Given, f ( x ) = x −
x sin h
= lim 2 cos( 2 x + h )
h→0 h
From first principle, f ′( x ) = lim f ( x + h ) − f ( x )
h→0 h = 2cos (2x + 0) × 1 = 2cos 2x


( x + h ) −
= lim 
( x
1 
+ h )
− x−

1
x { } 30. Here, f ( x ) =
3−x
3 + 4x
h→0 h 
From first principle,
 f (x + h) − f (x) bc cos x + ad sin x + bd
f ′( x ) = lim =
h→0 h (c + d cos x)2
3 − (x + h)  3 − x  4x + 5 sin x
− 
3 + 4( x + h )  3 + 4 x  33. Let f (x) = ... (i)
= lim 3x + 7 cos x
h→0 h Differentiating (i) with respect to x, we get
( 3 + 4 x )( 3 − x − h ) − ( 3 − x )( 3 + 4( x + h )) (3x + 7 cos x) (4x + 5 sin x)′
= lim
h→0 h( 3 + 4 x )( 3 + 4( x + h ))
d − (4x + 5 sin x)(3x + 7 cos x)′
{ f (x)} =
3( 3 + 4 x ) − x( 3 + 4 x ) − h( 3 + 4 x ) − 3 ( 3 + 4 x ) dx (3x + 7 cos x)2
+ x( 3 + 4 x ) − 12 h + 4 xh
= lim (3x + 7 cos x)(4 + 5 cos x)
h→0 h( 3 + 4 x ) ( 3 + 4 ( x + h ))
− (4x + 5 sin x)(3 − 7 sin x)
−3h − 4 xh − 12 h + 4 xh =
= lim (3x + 7 cos x)2
h→0 h( 3 + 4 x ) ( 3 + 4 ( x + h ))
−15h −15 12x + 15x cosx + 28 cos x + 35 [cos2 x + sin 2 x]
= lim = 2
h→0 h( 3 + 4 x ) [ 3 + 4 ( x + h )] ( 3 + 4 x ) − 12x + 28x sin x − 15 sin x
=
(3x + 7 cos x)2
2/3
Let f(x) = x
31. 
35 + 15 x cos x + 28 cos x + 28 x sin x − 15 sin x
d f (x + h) − f (x) =
We have, f (x) = lim (3x + 7 cos x)2
dx h→0 h
1 sin x + cos x
= lim [(x + h)2 / 3 − x 2 / 3 ] 34. We have, y =
h→0 h sin x − cos x
1  2/ 3  h
2/ 3  (sin x − cos x)(cos x − sin x)
= lim  x 1 +  − x2/ 3  − (sin x + cos x)(cos x + sin x)
h→0 h  x  dy
Now, =
  h 2 2  2  h2 1  
dx (sin x − cos x)2
1
= lim x 2 / 3   1 + ⋅ +  − 1 ⋅ + ...  − 1
h→0 h   x 3 3 3  2
x 2   −(sin x − cos x)2 − (sin x + cos x)2
=
(sin x − cos x)2
x 2 / 3 2h  1 h 
= lim ⋅  1 − ⋅ + ......... 
h→ 0 h 3x 6 x −[(sin x − cos x)2 + (sin x + cos x)2 ]
=
2 (2 / 3) − 1 2 −1/ 3 (sin x − cos x)2
= x = x
3 3 −2
=
(sin x − cos x)2
a + b sin x
32. Let y =  dy 
c + d cos x Hence,   =−2
d  dx  x = 0
(c + d cos x) (a + b sin x)
dx
d 35. (i) Let f(x) = 5 sin x – 6 cos x + 7 ... (1)
− (a + b sin x) (c + d cos x)
dy dx
⇒ = Differentiating (1) with respect to x, we get
dx (c + d cos x)2
f ′(x) = 5 cos x – 6 (– sin x) + 0
(c + d cos x)(b cos x) − (a + b sin x)(−d sin x) \ f ′(x) = 5 cos x + 6 sin x.
=
(c + d cos x)2 (ii) Let f(x) = 3 cot x + 5 cosec x ... (1)
Differentiating (1) with respect to x, we get
bc cos x + bd cos 2 x + ad sin x + bd sin 2 x ⇒ f ′(x) = – 3 cosec2 x – 5 cot x · cosec x
=
(c + d cos x)2 = – cosec x [3 cosec x + 5 cot x].
(iii) Let f(x) = 2 tan x – 7 sec x ... (1)
bc cos x + ad sin x + bd (cos 2 x + sin 2 x)
= Differentiating (1) with respect to x, we get
(c + d cos x)2 f ′(x) = 2 sec2 x – 7 sec x tan x
 38. (i) Consider f (x) = cot x
36. Let f ( x ) = cot x
From first principle,
From first principle, f ′( x ) = lim f ( x + h ) − f ( x )
d f (x + h) − f (x) h→0 h
f ( x ) = lim
dx h →0 h cot( x + h ) − cot x
= lim
h→0 h 
cot x + h − cot x
= lim
h→0 h cos( x + h ) cos x
−
sin( x + h ) sin x
cos x + h cos x = lim
− h→0 h
= lim sin x + h sin x
h→0 h
sin x cos( x + h ) − cos x sin( x + h )
= lim
sin x cos x + h − cos x sin x + h h→0 h ⋅ sin( x + h )sin x
= lim
h→0 h(sin x + h sin x )
sin( x − x − h )
= lim
− sin( x + h − x ) h → 0 h ⋅ sin( x + h )sin x
= lim
h → 0 h sin x + h sin x
− sin h 1
= lim ⋅
− sin( x + h − x ) h→0 h sin( x + h )sin x
= lim
h → 0 ( x + h − x )sin x + h sin x

−1
− sin( x + h − x ) ⇒ f ′( x ) = = − cos ec2 x
= lim sin x ⋅ sin x
h → 0 ( x + h − x )( x + h + x )sin x + h sin x

x
sin( x + h − x ) −1 (ii) Given, f ( x ) =
= lim × 1 + tan x
h→0 ( x + h − x ) ( x + h + x )sin x + h ⋅ sin x

−1 − cosec 2 x d  x 
= = Now, f ′( x ) =  
2 x sin x sin x 2 x dx  1 + tan x 

37. Let f (x) = sinx + cosx d( x ) d

(1 + tan x ) − x ⋅ (1 + tan x )
= dx dx
f (x + h) − f (x)
By first principle, f ′( x ) = lim (1 + tan x )2
h→0 h
sin( x + h ) + cos( x + h ) − sin x − cos x
f ′( x ) = lim (1 + tan x ) − x ⋅ sec2 x 1 + tan x − x sec2 x
h→0 h = =
(1 + tan x )2 (1 + tan x )2
sin x cos h + cos x sin h + cos x cos h − sin x sin h
− sin x − cos x
= lim 39. Let f (x) = cosec x
h→0 h
sin h(cos x − sin x ) + sin x(cos h − 1) f (x + h) − f (x)
Using first principle, f ′(x ) = lim
+ cos x(cos h − 1) h→0 h
= lim
h→0 h
cosec( x + h ) − cosec x
= lim
sin h sin x(cos h − 1) h→0 h
= lim (cos x − sin x ) + lim
h→0 h h→0 h
1 1
cos x(cos h − 1) −
+ lim sin( x + h ) sin x
h→0 h = lim
h→0 h
= cosx – sinx + sinx (0) + cosx (0)
sin x − sin( x + h )
= lim
= cosx – sinx h → 0 sin x ⋅ sin( x + h ) ⋅ h
 x+x+h x−x−h x n − an
2.cos   sin   f ( x) =
 2 2
= lim x−a
h→0 sin x ⋅ sin( x + h ) ⋅ h d d
(x − a) (x n − an ) − (x n − an ) (x − a)
⇒ f ′(x) = dx dx
 h h (x − a)2
−2 ⋅ cos  x +  sin
 2  2
= lim ⋅ (x − a)nx n − 1 − (x n − an )(1)
h → 0 sin x ⋅ sin( x + h ) h ⇒ f ′(x) =
⋅2
2 (x − a)2
nx n − 1(x − a) − x n + an
 h h ⇒ f ′(x) =
− cos  x +  sin (x − a)2
 2  2
= lim ⋅ lim
h → 0 sin x ⋅ sin( x + h ) h → 0 h nan − 1(0) − an + an
2 At x = a, f ′(a) =
(a − a)2
− cos( x + 0 ) − cos x 0
= ×1= ⇒ f ′(a) =
sin x ⋅ sin( x + 0 ) sin x sin x 0
Therefore, f ′(a) does not exist.
\ f ′(x ) = − cosec x ⋅ cot x. Because, f(x) is not defined at x = a.

40. We have, So, f ′(x) at x = a does not exist.