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C4 AngleMod 2024

The document discusses exponential carrier wave angle modulation, focusing on analog modulations such as amplitude modulation (AM) and angle modulation techniques like phase and frequency modulation (FM/PM). It highlights the differences between AM and narrowband angle modulation, the role of Bessel functions, and provides MATLAB code examples for angle modulation. Key points include the independence of power in angle modulation from the message signal and the constant transmitter power characteristic.

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3 views39 pages

C4 AngleMod 2024

The document discusses exponential carrier wave angle modulation, focusing on analog modulations such as amplitude modulation (AM) and angle modulation techniques like phase and frequency modulation (FM/PM). It highlights the differences between AM and narrowband angle modulation, the role of Bessel functions, and provides MATLAB code examples for angle modulation. Key points include the independence of power in angle modulation from the message signal and the constant transmitter power characteristic.

Uploaded by

huan.lethdtobk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPONENTIAL CARRIER WAVE

(ANGLE) MODULATION

March 2024
Lectured by
Prof. Dr. Thuong Le-Tien

References: R. Ziemer, W.H. Tranter, “Principles of


Communications”; HUT Finland; and A.B. Carlson’s
“Communication Systems”.

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Analog Modulations
 An AM signal can be represented as
xc (t )  Ac [1  m(t )] cosct (   1)
Information can be carried in the angle of the signal

xc  t   Ac cos[ct    t ]
The amplitude Ac remains constant and the angle is modulated.
This Modulation Technique is called the Angle Modulation

Angle modulation:
Vary either the Phase or the Frequency of the carrier signal namely
Phase Modulation and Frequency Modulation

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xc(t)=A(t)Re[exp(jct+(t))]

FM/PM

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amplitude

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Generation of narrowband angle modulation

Example: Consider FM system with the message signal

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Compared to AM signal:

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Comparison of AM and narrowband angle modulation

Amplitude Modulation Narrowband Angle Modulation

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Bessel Functions of the First Kind

J0(β)=0 at β=2.4, 5.52 & so on

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Bessel Functions of the First Kind

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Tone-modulated line spectra
(a) FM or PM with ƒm fixed; (b) FM with Amƒ fixed

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+
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+

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mạch tích phân
LP

mạch vi phân
HP

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MATLAB Code Examples for Angle Modulation

Example 1: Two-sided Amplitude spectrum for FM (or PM)


Signal using FFT algorithm

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Power in an angle modulated signal

If the carrier frequency is large so that xc(t) has negligible


Frequency content in the region of DC then

The important notes for Angle Modulation:


•Power of Angle Modulator is independent of the message signal
•Constant transmitter power is one important difference between
Angle modulation and linear modulation.
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Pr is defined as the ratio of the power contained in the carrier
component and the k components on the each side of the
carrier to the total power in xc(t).

Example an FM signal:

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The power ration is:

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The power at the filter output

Example 2:

For FM modulation the phase deviation is:

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Example 2:
Signal 1 has frequency 50Hz, Signal 2 has 50Hz and 5Hz

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Frequency Modulation Spectra: (a) Single tone; (b) Two-tone
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FM utilizing narrowband-to-wideband conversion

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