Prime numbers

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Prime

{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Prompt the user to enter the upper limit

System.out.print("Enter the upper limit to find prime numbers: ");
int limit = scanner.nextInt();

System.out.println("Prime numbers up to " + limit + ":");

// Start from 2, as 1 is not a prime number

for (int number = 2; number <= limit; number++)
{
if (isPrime(number))
{
System.out.print(number + " ");
}
}
scanner.close(); // Close the scanner to avoid resource leak
}

// Method to check if a number is prime

public static boolean isPrime(int num)
{
for (int divisor = 2; divisor <= Math.sqrt(num); divisor++)
{
if (num % divisor == 0)
{
return false; // Not a prime number
}
}
return true; // Prime number
}
}
Output:

Enter the upper limit to find prime numbers: 100

Prime numbers up to 100:
2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47 53 59 61 67 71 73 79 83 89 97
 Text Analyzer
import java.util.Scanner;

public class TextAnalyzer

{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Enter your text (press Enter twice to finish):");

StringBuilder text = new StringBuilder();
String line;

// Read input until an empty line is entered

while (true)
{
line = scanner.nextLine();
if (line.isEmpty())
{
break;
}
text.append(line).append("\n");
}

// Remove spaces and newlines to count characters

String textWithoutSpaces = text.toString().replaceAll("\\s", "");

// Count characters, words, and lines

int charCount = textWithoutSpaces.length();
int wordCount = text.toString().split("\\s+").length;
int lineCount = text.toString().split("\n").length;

// Display results
System.out.println("Number of characters (excluding spaces): " + charCount);
System.out.println("Number of words: " + wordCount);
System.out.println("Number of lines: " + lineCount);

scanner.close();
}
}
Output:
Enter your text (press Enter twice to finish):
hi iam hari
how are you?
iam fine!!

Number of characters (excluding spaces): 28

Number of words: 8
Number of lines: 3
Write a program to do String Manipulation using Character Array and perform
the following string operations:
a) String length
b) Finding a character at a particular position
c) Concatenating two strings

import java.util.Scanner;

public class StringManipulation

{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String choice;
do
{
System.out.println("\n--- String Manipulation Using Character Array ---");
System.out.println("1) Find String Length");
System.out.println("2) Find Character at Position");
System.out.println("3) Concatenate Two Strings");
System.out.println("4) Exit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
choice = sc.nextLine();

switch (choice)
{
case "1": // Find String Length
System.out.print("Enter the string: ");
char[] str1 = sc.nextLine().toCharArray();
System.out.println("Length: " + str1.length);
break;

case "2": // Find Character at Position

System.out.print("Enter the string: ");
char[] str2 = sc.nextLine().toCharArray();
System.out.print("Enter position (0-based): ");
int position = Integer.parseInt(sc.nextLine());
 if (position >= 0 && position < str2.length)
{
System.out.println("Character: " + str2[position]);
}
else
{
System.out.println("Invalid position.");
}
break;

case "3": // Concatenate Two Strings

System.out.print("Enter first string: ");
char[] str3 = sc.nextLine().toCharArray();
System.out.print("Enter second string: ");
char[] str4 = sc.nextLine().toCharArray();
char[] result = new char[str3.length + str4.length];
System.arraycopy(str3, 0, result, 0, str3.length);
System.arraycopy(str4, 0, result, str3.length, str4.length);
System.out.println("Concatenated: " + new String(result));
break;

case "4": // Exit

System.out.println("Exiting...");
break;

default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice. Try again.");
}
} while (!choice.equals("4"));
sc.close();
}
}
Output:

--- String Manipulation Using Character Array ---

1) Find String Length
2) Find Character at Position
3) Concatenate Two Strings
4) Exit
Enter your choice: 1
Enter the string: Artificial intelligence
Length: 23

--- String Manipulation Using Character Array ---

1) Find String Length
2) Find Character at Position
3) Concatenate Two Strings
4) Exit
Enter your choice: 2
Enter the string: Data Science
Enter position (0-based): 8
Character: e

--- String Manipulation Using Character Array ---

1) Find String Length
2) Find Character at Position
3) Concatenate Two Strings
4) Exit
Enter your choice: 3
Enter first string: Computer
Enter second string: Science
Concatenated: ComputerScience

--- String Manipulation Using Character Array ---

1) Find String Length
2) Find Character at Position
3) Concatenate Two Strings
4) Exit
Enter your choice: 4
Exiting...
Write a program to perform the following string operations using String class:
a) String Concatenation
b) Search a substring
c) To extract substring from given string
d) Length of a string
e) Reverse a string
f) Delete a substring from the given string

import java.util.Scanner;

public class StringClass {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
String choice;
do {
System.out.println("\n--- Unified String Operations ---");
System.out.println("1) String Concatenation");
System.out.println("2) Search a Substring");
System.out.println("3) Extract Substring");
System.out.println("4) Length of a String");
System.out.println("5) Reverse a String");
System.out.println("6) Delete a Substring");
System.out.println("7) Exit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
choice = scanner.nextLine();

switch (choice) {
case "1": // String Concatenation
System.out.print("Enter first string: ");
String str1 = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter second string: ");
String str2 = scanner.nextLine();
String concatenated = str1.concat(str2);
System.out.println("Concatenated String: " + concatenated);
break;

case "2": // Search a Substring

System.out.print("Enter the main string: ");
String mainStr = scanner.nextLine();
 System.out.print("Enter the substring to search: ");
String subStr = scanner.nextLine();
if (mainStr.contains(subStr)) {
System.out.println("Substring found at index: " + mainStr.indexOf(subStr));
} else {
System.out.println("Substring not found.");
}
break;

case "3": // Extract Substring

System.out.print("Enter the main string: ");
String extractStr = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter start index: ");
int startIndex = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter end index: ");
int endIndex = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.nextLine(); // Consume newline
if (startIndex >= 0 && endIndex <= extractStr.length() && startIndex <
endIndex) {
String extracted = extractStr.substring(startIndex, endIndex);
System.out.println("Extracted Substring: " + extracted);
} else {
System.out.println("Invalid indices.");
}
break;

case "4": // Length of a String

System.out.print("Enter the string: ");
String strLength = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println("Length of the string: " + strLength.length());
break;

case "5": // Reverse a String (Using Only String Class)

System.out.print("Enter the string: ");
String strReverse = scanner.nextLine();
String reversed = reverseStringUsingStringClass(strReverse);
System.out.println("Reversed String: " + reversed);
break;

case "6": // Delete a Substring (Using Only String Class)

System.out.print("Enter the string: ");
String strDelete = scanner.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter start index: ");
int deleteStart = scanner.nextInt();
 System.out.print("Enter end index: ");
int deleteEnd = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.nextLine(); // Consume newline
if (deleteStart >= 0 && deleteEnd <= strDelete.length() && deleteStart <
deleteEnd) {
String deleted = deleteSubstringUsingStringClass(strDelete, deleteStart,
deleteEnd);
System.out.println("String after deletion: " + deleted);
} else {
System.out.println("Invalid indices.");
}
break;

case "7": // Exit

System.out.println("Exiting...");
break;

default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice. Please try again.");
}
} while (!choice.equals("7"));
scanner.close();
}

// Helper method to reverse a string using only the String class

private static String reverseStringUsingStringClass(String str) {
String reversed = "";
for (int i = str.length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
reversed += str.charAt(i); // Append characters in reverse order
}
return reversed;
}

// Helper method to delete a substring using only the String class

private static String deleteSubstringUsingStringClass(String str, int start, int end) {
String before = str.substring(0, start); // Part before the deletion range
String after = str.substring(end); // Part after the deletion range
return before + after; // Concatenate the two parts
}
}
Output:

--- Unified String Operations ---

1) String Concatenation
2) Search a Substring
3) Extract Substring
4) Length of a String
5) Reverse a String
6) Delete a Substring
7) Exit
Enter your choice: 1
Enter first string: hello
Enter second string: World
Concatenated String: helloWorld

--- Unified String Operations ---

1) String Concatenation
2) Search a Substring
3) Extract Substring
4) Length of a String
5) Reverse a String
6) Delete a Substring
7) Exit
Enter your choice: 2
Enter the main string: hello
Enter the substring to search: l
Substring found at index: 2

--- Unified String Operations ---

1) String Concatenation
2) Search a Substring
3) Extract Substring
4) Length of a String
5) Reverse a String
6) Delete a Substring
7) Exit
Enter your choice: 3
Enter the main string: hello
Enter start index: 0
Enter end index: 4
Extracted Substring: hell

--- Unified String Operations ---

1) String Concatenation
2) Search a Substring
3) Extract Substring
4) Length of a String
5) Reverse a String
6) Delete a Substring
7) Exit
Enter your choice: 4
Enter the string: computerscience
Length of the string: 15

--- Unified String Operations ---

1) String Concatenation
2) Search a Substring
3) Extract Substring
4) Length of a String
5) Reverse a String
6) Delete a Substring
7) Exit
Enter your choice: 5
Enter the string: intelligence
Reversed String: ecnegilletni

--- Unified String Operations ---

1) String Concatenation
2) Search a Substring
3) Extract Substring
4) Length of a String
5) Reverse a String
6) Delete a Substring
7) Exit
Enter your choice: 6
Enter the string: Artificialintelligence
Enter start index: 0
Enter end index: 10
String after deletion: intelligence

--- Unified String Operations ---

1) String Concatenation
2) Search a Substring
3) Extract Substring
4) Length of a String
5) Reverse a String
6) Delete a Substring
7) Exit
Enter your choice: 7
Exiting...
 Using StringBuffer Class
import java.util.Scanner;

public class StringBufferClass

{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String choice;
do
{
System.out.println("\n--- Unified StringBuffer Operations ---");
System.out.println("1) String Concatenation");
System.out.println("2) Search a Substring");
System.out.println("3) Extract Substring");
System.out.println("4) Length of a String");
System.out.println("5) Reverse a String");
System.out.println("6) Delete a Substring");
System.out.println("7) Exit");
System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
choice = sc.nextLine();

switch (choice)
{
case "1": // String Concatenation
System.out.print("Enter first string: ");
String str1 = sc.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter second string: ");
String str2 = sc.nextLine();
StringBuffer sbConcat = new StringBuffer(str1);
sbConcat.append(str2); // Append second string
System.out.println("Concatenated String: " + sbConcat.toString());
break;

case "2": // Search a Substring

System.out.print("Enter the main string: ");
String mainStr = sc.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter the substring to search: ");
String subStr = sc.nextLine();
StringBuffer sbSearch = new StringBuffer(mainStr);
int index = sbSearch.indexOf(subStr); // Find index of substring
if (index != -1)
{
System.out.println("Substring found at index: " + index);
}
else
{
System.out.println("Substring not found.");
}
 break;

case "3": // Extract Substring

System.out.print("Enter the main string: ");
String extractStr = sc.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter start index: ");
int startIndex = sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter end index: ");
int endIndex = sc.nextInt();
sc.nextLine(); // Consume newline
StringBuffer sbExtract = new StringBuffer(extractStr);
if (startIndex >= 0 && endIndex <= sbExtract.length() && startIndex <
endIndex)
{
String extracted = sbExtract.substring(startIndex, endIndex); // Extract
substring
System.out.println("Extracted Substring: " + extracted);
}
else {
System.out.println("Invalid indices.");
}
break;

case "4": // Length of a String

System.out.print("Enter the string: ");
String strLength = sc.nextLine();
StringBuffer sbLength = new StringBuffer(strLength);
System.out.println("Length of the string: " + sbLength.length()); // Get length
break;

case "5": // Reverse a String

System.out.print("Enter the string: ");
String strReverse = sc.nextLine();
StringBuffer sbReverse = new StringBuffer(strReverse);
sbReverse.reverse(); // Reverse the string
System.out.println("Reversed String: " + sbReverse.toString());
break;

case "6": // Delete a Substring

System.out.print("Enter the string: ");
String strDelete = sc.nextLine();
System.out.print("Enter start index: ");
int deleteStart = sc.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter end index: ");
 int deleteEnd = sc.nextInt();
sc.nextLine(); // Consume newline
StringBuffer sbDelete = new StringBuffer(strDelete);
if (deleteStart >= 0 && deleteEnd <= sbDelete.length() && deleteStart <
deleteEnd)
{
sbDelete.delete(deleteStart, deleteEnd); // Delete substring
System.out.println("String after deletion: " + sbDelete.toString());
}
else
{
System.out.println("Invalid indices.");
}
break;

case "7": // Exit

System.out.println("Exiting...");
break;

default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice. Please try again.");
}
} while (!choice.equals("7"));
sc.close();
}
}

Matrix Multiplication
import java.util.Scanner;

public class MatrixMultiplication

{
public static void main(String[] args)
 {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Input dimensions of the first matrix

System.out.println("Enter the number of rows for the first matrix:");
int rows1 = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter the number of columns for the first matrix:");
int cols1 = scanner.nextInt();

// Input dimensions of the second matrix

System.out.println("Enter the number of rows for the second matrix:");
int rows2 = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter the number of columns for the second matrix:");
int cols2 = scanner.nextInt();

// Check if multiplication is possible

if (cols1 != rows2)
{
System.out.println("Matrix multiplication is not possible. The number of columns in
the first matrix must equal the number of rows in the second matrix.");
return;
}

// Initialize matrices
int[][] matrix1 = new int[rows1][cols1];
int[][] matrix2 = new int[rows2][cols2];

// Input elements of the first matrix

System.out.println("Enter the elements of the first matrix row by row:");
for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++)
{
System.out.println("Enter " + cols1 + " elements for row " + (i + 1) + ":");
for (int j = 0; j < cols1; j++)
{
matrix1[i][j] = scanner.nextInt();
}
}

// Input elements of the second matrix

System.out.println("Enter the elements of the second matrix row by row:");
for (int i = 0; i < rows2; i++)
{
System.out.println("Enter " + cols2 + " elements for row " + (i + 1) + ":");
for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++)
 {
matrix2[i][j] = scanner.nextInt();
}
}

// Perform matrix multiplication

int[][] result = new int[rows1][cols2]; // Resultant matrix will have dimensions rows1 x
cols2

for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++)

{
for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++)
{
result[i][j] = 0; // Initialize the result cell to 0
for (int k = 0; k < cols1; k++)
{ // cols1 == rows2
result[i][j] += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j];
}
}
}

// Display the resultant matrix

System.out.println("Resultant Matrix after Multiplication:");
for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++)
{
System.out.print(result[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}

scanner.close();
}
}

Output:

Enter the number of rows for the first matrix:

3
Enter the number of columns for the first matrix:
2
Enter the number of rows for the second matrix:
2
Enter the number of columns for the second matrix:
3

Enter the elements of the first matrix row by row:

Enter 2 elements for row 1:
22
Enter 2 elements for row 2:
22
Enter 2 elements for row 3:
22
Enter the elements of the second matrix row by row:
Enter 3 elements for row 1:
222
Enter 3 elements for row 2:
222

Resultant Matrix after Multiplication:

888
888
888