1)Program to demonstrate the use of data members and member functions in C++
1a)Write a c++ program to add two numbers using function
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
Void main()
clrscr();
Int n1,n2,sum;
cout<<”Enter two numbers\n”;
cin>>n1>>n2;
int add(int a,int b);
sum=add(n1,n2);
cout<<”sum of two numbers=”<<sum;
getch();
Int add(int a,int b)
{
int c;
c=a+b;
return c;
OUTPUT:
1b)Write a C++ program to find the area of circle such that the class circle must have three member
functions namely :
i)read() to accept the radius from the user
ii)compute() for calculating area of circle
iii)display() to display the result.
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class circle
float r,a;
public:
void read()
cout<<”Enter the Radius value:\n”;
cin>>r;
void compute()
a=3.14*r*r;
void display()
Cout<<”Area of the circle=”<<a;
};
void main()
clrscr();
circle c;
c.read();
c.compute();
c.display();
getch();
Output:
1c)Write a C++ program to find the area of the Rectangle such that the class Rectangle have three
externally defined member functions such as:
i)read() to accept the radius from user
ii)compute() for calculating area of Rectangle
iii)display() for displaying the result.
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Rectangle
float l,b,a;
public:
void read();
void compute();
void display();
};
void Rectangle::read()
cout<<”Enter the length and breadth:\n”;
cin>>l>>b;
void Rectangle::compute()
a=l*b;
void Rectangle::display()
cout<<”Area of Rectangle=”<<a;
void main()
clrscr();
Rectangle r;
r.read();
r.compute();
r.display();
}
Output:
2)Programs based on branching and Looping statements using classes
2a)Write a C++ program to check whether the given number is odd or even using if..else statement in
the class
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class oddeven
{
int n;
public:
voidcheckoddeven()
cout<<”\nEnter the number:”;
cin>>n;
if (n % 2 == 0)
cout<<”\nGiven number is even”;
else
cout<<”\n Given number is odd”;
};
void main()
clrscr();
oddeven e;
e.checkoddeven();
getch();
2b)Write a c++ program with switch case to add,subtract ,multiply and division by using classes
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
classarithoper
intoption,a,b,c;
public:
voidasmd()
cout<<enter two numbers”<<endl;
cin>>a>>b;
cout<< ------Menu-------“<<endl;
cout<<”1.ADD\n”<<”2.Subtract\n”<<”3.Multiply\n”<<”4.Division\n”;
cout<<”\nEnter your choice:”<<endl;
cin>>option;
switch(option)
case 1:
c=a+b;
cout<<”\nAddition of two numbers =”<<c;
break;
case 2:
c=a-b;
cout<<”\nsubtraction of two numbers =”<<c;
break;
case 3:
c=a*b;
cout<<”\nMultiplication of two numbers =”<<c;
break;
case 4:
c=a/b;
cout<<”\nDivision of two numbers =”<<c;
break;
};
void main()
clrscr();
arithoper a;
a.asmd();
getch();
2c)Write a C++ program to calculate the value of the following series using for loop in the class.
S=12+22+32+…..+n2
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class series
intn,I,sum;
public:
void read()
cout<<”Enter the value of n”;
cin>>n;
}
void compute()
sum=0;
fpr(i=1;i<=n;i++)
sum=sum+i*i;
void display()
cout<<”value of the series=”<<sum;
};
void main()
clrscr();
series s;
s.read();
s.compute();
s.display();
getch();
2d) Write a C++ program for printing the following patter by using while loop in the class
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class pattern
intI,n,in;
voidprintpat()
{
cout<<”Enter a number:”
cin>>n;
cout<<”------Pattern----“;
i=1;
while(i<=n)
cout<<”\n;
in=1;
while(in<=i)
cout<<in;
in=in+1;
I=i+1;
};
void main()
clrscr();
pattern p;
p.printpat();
getch();
3a)Write a c++ program to display the sum and average of numbers by using onedimensional array in
class.
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
classsumavg
IntI,count,sum,arr[50];
floatavg;
public:
void average()
cout<<”\nEnter the number of elements:”;
cin>>count;
cout<<\n”Enter”<<count<<”numbers”;
for(i=0;i<count;i++)
cin>>arr[i];
sum=0;
for(i=0;i<count;i++)
{
sum+=arr[i];
avg=(float)sum/count;
cout<<”\nSum of given numbers=”;<<sum;
cout<<\nAverage of given numbers=”;<<avg;
};
void main()
clrscr();
sumavg a;
a.average();
getch();
Output:
3b)Write a C++ program to add two matrices using multidimensional array with class
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Matrix
int x[10][10],y[10][10],sum[10][10],row,col,I,j;
public:
voidgetmatrix()
cout<<”\nEnter number of rows:”<<endl;
cin>>row;
cout<<”\nEnter number of columns:”<<endl;
cin>>col;
for(i=0;i<row;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<col;j++)
cout<<”Enter x[“<<i<<”][“<<j<<”]:”;
cin>>x[i][j];
for(i=0;i<row;i++)
for(j=0;j<col;j++)
{
cout<<”Enter y[“<<i<<”][“<<j<<”]:”;
cin>>y[i][j];
voidputmatrix()
cout<<”\n----------------Matrix x------------------\n”;
for(i=0;i<row;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<col;j++)
cout<<x[i][j]<<” “;
cout<<”\n”;
cout<<”\n----------------Matrix y------------------\n”;
for(i=0;i<row;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<col;j++)
cout<<y[i][j]<<” “;
cout<<”\n”;
}
void add()
for(i=0;i<row;i++)
for(j=0;j<col;j++)
sum[i][j]=x[i][j]+y[i][j];
cout<<endl<<”\nSum of the two matrix is<<endl;
for(i=0;i<row;i++)
for(j=0;j<col;j++)
cout<<sum[i][j]<<” “;
cout<<endl;
};
void main()
Matrix M;
M.getmatrix();
M.putmatrix();
M.add();
getch();
Output:
4)Program to use scope resolution operator. Display the various value of the
same variables declared at different scope levels.
4a)C++ program to show that we can access a global variable using scope
resolution operator :: when there is a local variable with same name
Program:
#include<iostream>
#include<conio.h>
int x; // Global x
int main()
{
Clrscr();
int x = 10; // Local x
cout << "Value of global x is " << ::x;
cout << "\nValue of local x is " << x;
return 0;
}
4)b)C++ program to show that :: can be used to access static members when
there is a local variable with same name
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Test
{
static int x;
public:
static int y;
void func(int x)
{
cout << "Value of static x is " << Test::x;
cout << "\nValue of local x is " << x;
}
};
// In C++, static members must be explicitly defined
// like this
int Test::x = 1;
int Test::y = 2;
int main()
{
Test obj;
int x = 3 ;
obj.func(x);
cout << "\nTest::y = " << Test::y;
return 0;
}
4c) Program to access the static member function using the scope resolution (::) operator
Program:
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class ABC
{
public:
// declare static member function
static int fun()
{
int a,b,c;
cout<<”Enter the values of a and b”<<endl;
cin>>a>>b;
c=a+b;
cout << " \n Sum of two numbers= ";
return c;
}
};
void main ()
{
clrscr();
// class_name :: function name
ABC :: fun ();
getch();
}
5)Programs to demonstrate various types of constructors and destructors
5a)Write a C++ program to display the student details using Default constructor
Program:
// defining the constructor within the class
#include <iostream>
class student {
int rno;
char name[10];
double fee;
public:
student()
cout << "Enter the RollNo:";
cin >> rno;
cout << "Enter the Name:";
cin >> name;
cout << "Enter the Fee:";
cin >> fee;
void display()
cout << endl << rno << "\t" << name << "\t" << fee;
};
int main()
{
student s; // constructor gets called automatically
when // we create the object of the class
s.display();
return 0;
5b)Write a C++ program to display the values of two numbers using parameterized constructor
Program:
// CPP program to illustrate parameterized constructors
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Point
{
private:
int x, y;
public:
// Parameterized Constructor
Point(int x1, int y1)
{
x = x1;
y = y1;
}
int getX() { return x; }
int getY() { return y; }
};
int main()
{
// Constructor called
Point p1(10, 15);
// Access values assigned by constructor
cout << "p1.x = " << p1.getX()
<< ", p1.y = " << p1.getY();
return 0;
}
5c) write a C++ program to copy the values of constructor by using copy constructor
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Demo {
private:
int num1, num2;
public:
Demo(int n1, int n2) {
num1 = n1;
num2 = n2;
Demo(const Demo &n) {
num1 = n.num1;
num2 = n.num2;
void display() {
cout<<"num1 = "<< num1 <<endl;
cout<<"num2 = "<< num2 <<endl;
};
int main() {
Demo obj1(10, 20);
Demo obj2 = obj1;
obj1.display();
obj2.display();
return 0;
5d) Write a C++ program to create the objects using constructors and destroy the objects using
destructors
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
int count=0;
class Test
{
public:
Test()
{
count++;
cout<<"\n No. of Object created:\t"<<count;
}
~Test()
{
cout<<"\n No. of Object destroyed:\t"<<count;
--count;
}
};
main()
{
Test t,t1,t2,t3;
return 0;
}
6) Programs to demonstrate use of public,protected and private scope specifiers
6a) Write a C++ program to calculate the area of a circle using Public scope specifier
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
// class definition
class Circle
{
public:
double radius;
double compute_area()
{
return 3.14*radius*radius;
}
};
// main function
int main()
{
Circle obj;
// accessing public datamember outside class
obj.radius = 5.5;
cout << "Radius is: " << obj.radius << "\n";
cout << "Area is: " << obj.compute_area();
return 0;
}
6b) Write a C++ program to display the age by using private scope specifier
Program:
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
// define a class
class Sample {
// private elements
private:
int age;
// public elements
public:
void displayAge(int a) {
age = a;
cout << "Age = " << age << endl;
}
};
int main() {
int ageInput;
// declare an object
Sample obj1;
cout << "Enter your age: ";
cin >> ageInput;
// call function and pass ageInput as argument
obj1.displayAge(ageInput);
return 0;
6c)Write a C++ program to display the value using Protected scope specifier
Program:
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
// base class
class Parent
// protected data members
protected:
int id_protected;
};
// sub class or derived class from public base class
class Child : public Parent
public:
void setId(int id)
// Child class is able to access the inherited
// protected data members of base class
id_protected = id;
void displayId()
cout << "id_protected is: " << id_protected << endl;
};
// main function
int main() {
Child obj1;
// member function of the derived class can
// access the protected data members of the base class
obj1.setId(81);
obj1.displayId();
return 0;
7a) Write a C++ program to create simple payroll system by using single inheritance
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
classemp {
public:
inteno;
char name[20], des[20];
voidget() {
cout<< "Enter the employee number:";
cin>>eno;
cout<< "Enter the employee name:";
cin>>name;
cout<< "Enter the designation:";
cin>>des;
}
};
class salary : public emp {
floatbp, hra, da, pf, np;
public:
voidget1() {
cout<< "Enter the basic pay:";
cin>>bp;
cout<< "Enter the Humen Resource Allowance:";
cin>>hra;
cout<< "Enter the Dearness Allowance :";
cin>>da;
cout<< "Enter the Profitablity Fund:";
cin>>pf;
voidcalculate() {
np = bp + hra + da - pf;
voiddisplay() {
cout<<eno<< "\t" << name << "\t" << des << "\t" <<bp<< "\t" <<hra<< "\t" << da << "\t" <<pf<< "\t"
<<np<< "\n";
};
voidmain() {
inti, n;
charch;
salary s[10];
clrscr();
cout<< "Enter the number of employee:";
cin>>n;
for (i = 0; i< n; i++) {
s[i].get();
s[i].get1();
s[i].calculate();
cout<< "\ne_no \t e_name\t des \t bp \t hra \t da \t pf \t np \n";
for (i = 0; i< n; i++) {
s[i].display();
getch();
OUTPUT:
7b)Write a C++ program to calculate area of circle and volume of sphere using multi level inheritance.
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Data
protected:
float r;
public:
void read()
{
cout<<”\nEnter the radius of the circle:”;
cin>>r;
};
class Area : public Data
protected:
float area;
public:
void compute()
area=3.14*r*r;
voiddisparea()
cout<<”\nArea of circle is:”<<area;
};
class Volume : public Area
private:
float volume;
public:
void calculate()
{
volume=4*area*r/3;
void display()
cout<<”\nVolume of the Sphere is :”<<volume;
};
void main()
clrscr();
Volume v;
v.read();
v.read();
v.compute();
v.diaparea();
v.calculate();
v.display();
getch();
OUTPUT:
8a)Write a C++ program to calculate area of Rectangle and area of triangle using Multiple inheritance.
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Polygon
protected:
int height,width;
public:
void read(int a,int b)
{
height=a;
width=b;
};
class Output
public:
void output(int x)
cout<<”\nArea is”<<x;
};
class Rectangle: public Polygon,public Output
public:
int area()
return(height*width);
};
class Triangle:public Polygon,public Output
public:
int area()
{
return((height*width)/2);
};
void main()
clrscr();
int h,w,choice,a;
cout<<”1.Area of Rectangle\n 2. Area of Triangle\n Enter your choice:”;
cin>>choice;
cout<<”\nEnter Height and Width:”;
cin>>h>>w;
switch(choice)
case 1:
Rectangle r;
r.read(h,w);
a=r.area();
r.output(a);
break;
case 2:
Triangle t;
t.read(h,w);
a=t.area();
t.output(a);
break;
default: cout<<”\nInvalid Choice”;
getch();
8b)Write a C++ program to get square and cube of a number by using Hierarchical Inheritance
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Number
private:
int num;
public:
void getNumber(void)
cout<<”Enter an integer number:”;
cin>>num;
int returnNumber(void)
return num;
};
class Square : public Number
public:
int getSquare(void)
int num,sqr;
num=returnNumber();
sqr=num*num;
return sqr;
};
class Cube:public Number
private:
public:
int getCube(void)
int num,cube;
num=returnNumber();
cube=num*num*num;
return cube;
};
void main()
{
Square S;
Cube C;
int sqr,cube;
S.getNumber();
sqr=S.getSquare();
cout<<”\nSquare of “<<S.returnNumber()<<”is:”<<sqr<<endl;
C.getNumber();
cube=C.getCube();
cout<<”\nCube of”<<C.returnNumber()<<”is:”<<cube<<endl;
return 0;
9a)Write a c++ program to add, subtract and multiply two numbers by using constructors in multiple
inheritance
9b) Write a c++ program to display values of variables by using constructor in single inheritance
10a)Write a c++ program to add two complex numbers using a friend function .
Program:
Output:
10b) Write a c++ program to display multiplication and cube of two numbers using inline function
10c)Write a program to demonstrate “this” pointer
Program:
Output:
11)Programs to demonstrate function overloading and
11a) Function overloading with different data types and same number of parameters
11b)Write a C++ program to overload functions with same datatype with different number of arguments
11C)Write a C++ program to demonstrate the concept of function overriding
Practical 12
C++ programs to demonstrate pointers
12a)Write a C++ program to print the address of variable and value of the variable using referencing and
dereferencing operators of pointers
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a,*p;
a=125;
p=&a;
cout<<a<<endl;
cout<<p<<endl;
cout<<*p<<endl;
getch();
*******************
12b) Write a C++ program to demonstrate increment and decrement operation on pointer variables
Program:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
clrscr();
int a,*a1;
float b,*b1;
a1=&a;
b1=&b;
cout<<”Address of variable a=”<<a1<<endl;
cout<<”Address of variable b=”<<b1<<endl;
a1++ ;
b1--;
cout<<”After increment the address of a=”<<a1<<endl;
cout<<”After decrement the address of b=”<<b1<<endl;
getch();
12)C) Write a C++ program to read and display the values to demonstrate dynamic binding using virtual
functions .
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Base
protected:
inta,b;
public:
virtual void read()
cout<<”Enter two values:”;
cin>>a>>b;
virtual void display()
cout<<”\nThe values are:”<<a<<”\n”<<b<<”\n”;
};
classSub:public Base
{
protected:
intc,d;
public:
virtual void read()
cout<<”\n Enter four values:”;
cin>>a>>b>>c>>d;
virtual void display()
cout<<”The values are:”<<a<<”\n”<<b<<”\n”<<c<<”\n”<<d;
};
void main()
clrscr();
Base *ptr;
Base b;
Sub s;
ptr=&b;
ptr->read();
ptr->display();
ptr=&s;
ptr->read();
ptr->display();
getch();
12)d) Write a C++ program to swap two numbers using call by reference method using pointers
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
clrscr();
inta,b;
cout<<”Enter two numbers:”
cin>>a>>b;
void swap(int *p1,int *p2);
cout<<”The values of a and b in the main function before calling the swap function are
“<<a<<”and”<<b<<endl;
swap(&a,&b);
cout<<”The values of a and b in main function after calling the swap function are
“<<a<<”and”<<b<<endl;
getch();
void swap(int *p1,int *p2)
int temp;
temp=*p1;
*p1=*p2;
*p2=temp;
cout<<”The values of a and b in the swap function after swapping are “<<*p1<<”and”<<*p2<<endl;
13a) Write a C++ program to copy the contents of the text file into another.
Note:
File-> New -> save as -> in.txt and feed some datas over there and save.
File - > save as -> out.txt which is blank file.
Program:
Output:
Now open the out.txt ;
