Agenda

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Introduction
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Micro Processors
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Micro Controllers
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Transducers
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IoT
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IoT Components
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ESP 32
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BlockCoding
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Using the Serial Monitor

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 Introduction
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Network
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A computer network is a set of computers sharing resources
located on or provided by network nodes.
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Networks may be private, public, business, academic and
government networks.
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The Internet
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The Internet is a global interconnection of network system
facilitating worldwide communication and access to data
resources and services.
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The ‘Things’
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These refer to physical objects.

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 The Internet of Things
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“The Internet of Things (IoT) describes the
network of physical objects—“things”—that are
embedded with sensors, software, and other
technologies for the purpose of connecting and
exchanging data with other devices and systems
over the Internet”
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These ‘Things’
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Estimated to be 10 billion at present.
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Expected to be around 22 billion by 2025.
Source: https://www.oracle.com/internet-of-things/what-is-iot/ 3
 Connected Devices
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The miniaturization and cost reduction of electronic components is
allowing their integration in a number of everyday objects such as
cars, refrigerators, ovens, air-conditioning units, and light-bulbs.

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We now have ‘smart everything’.

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We have smart fridges, smart-greenhouses, smart vehicles.

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 IoT Components
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Micro processors/Micro controllers

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Transducers
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Sensors
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Actuators

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Shields

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Connectivity
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Micro Controllers & Micro Processors

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 Micro Processors v/s MicroControllers

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Source: https://www.circuitcrush.com/arduino-vs-raspberry-pi/
 Transducers

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Electronic devices that convert energy from one form to
another, with either form being electrical energy.

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Sensors (Detects/Measures the change in a physical quantity and
converts it into a signal)

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Actuators (Uses a signal to cause a change in the physical
environment)

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 Sensors & Actuators

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Sensors exist for Temperature, Humidity, Atmospheric
Pressure, Wind Speed, Light Intensity, Sound Level,
Presence of Gases, Position (GPS), Vibration
Level,Proximity, Water Level.

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A few Actuators: LED, Speaker/Buzzer, Stepper motors,
Servos

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 Shields
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Shields allow you to add functionalities to your
micro-processor/controller

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 Connectivity
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IoT Devices/Sensors need to communicate with each other or
their Base Station/Master.

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The Trinity:
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Power Consumption
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Range
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Bandwidth

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 Electricity
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Electricity is an energy. This energy can be used to power
electrical items such as toasters, kettles, cookers, televisions and
computer tablets. Electrical energy is caused by charged particles
(electrons in metals / ions in fluids) moving about to make a
current.
●

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 Voltage, Resistance and Current
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Voltage/Potential Difference/ EMF (V)
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The energy which pushes the charges particles
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Resistor (Ω)
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It resists the flow of electrons
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Transforms some of the energy of the electrons in the form of heat and lets the
electrons flow with less energy
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Current (A)
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The rate of flow of electrons
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Ohm’s Law
Ohm's Law is V = IR, where V =
voltage, I = current, and R =
resistance. Ohm's Law allows you to
determine characteristics of a circuit,
such as how much current is flowing
through it, if you know the voltage of
the battery in the circuit and how
much resistance is in the circuit.

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The Breadboard

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ESP32

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ESP32 PinOUT

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Making my first circuit (Blink on PIN 0)

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 The Serial Monitor
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The serial monitor in the GUI of Pictoblox allows you to send and
receive data to your board.
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Serial

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Baud

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Read

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Write
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 Activity: Develop a block to add 2 numbers
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Develop a block which allows input of 2 numbers from the serial
monitor, performs their addition on the ESP32 and displays the
results in the serial monitor

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Solution

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Ultra-Sonic Sensor HC-SR04

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DHT 11 – Digital Temperaure & Humidity Sensor

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 Activity
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Bring modifications to the Blocks so that the Humidity is also
displayed in the Serial Monitor.

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Note: The Circuit does not need to be modified.

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Modified Circuit

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 Servo
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The SG90 servo motor is a popular choice for its
versatility, reliability, and affordability. It can be
used in a variety of applications, such as
robotics, automation, and control systems.
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The VCC pin provides power to the servo,
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The Control pin (IN21) controls the servo's rotation.
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The GND pin connects the servo motor to the
ground.
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Note: The Control Pin should be plugged to a PWM
Pin on the board. It must be connected to a
digital output pin on a microcontroller or
microprocessor to make the servo turn.
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 Automatic Door
Using an HC-SR04, a servo and an ESP32, design an Automatic
Door which opens when a person is less than 25 cm from it.

Note: Use a Capacitor or external power source for Servo to

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Automatic Door

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The Circuit for Automatic Door.

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 LCD 1602

https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp32-esp8266-
i2c-lcd-arduino-ide/

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