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Delta Analog PLC Training

The document explains the differences between discrete and analog signals, highlighting that discrete signals are binary (On/Off) while analog signals are continuous and can vary. It details the process of converting physical quantities into electrical signals using transducers, scaling these signals for PLCs, and the importance of resolution and noise management. Additionally, it covers the selection criteria for analog input and output modules, along with examples of ladder logic for controlling processes based on analog inputs.

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Mohsin Juneja
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17 views19 pages

Delta Analog PLC Training

The document explains the differences between discrete and analog signals, highlighting that discrete signals are binary (On/Off) while analog signals are continuous and can vary. It details the process of converting physical quantities into electrical signals using transducers, scaling these signals for PLCs, and the importance of resolution and noise management. Additionally, it covers the selection criteria for analog input and output modules, along with examples of ladder logic for controlling processes based on analog inputs.

Uploaded by

Mohsin Juneja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANALOG PLCS

Module 4
Revise: Discrete Vs Analog

 Discrete Signals are either On or Off.

 Devices that supply On or Off signals include


Pushbutton, Limit Switches and Proximity Switches.

 Devices can be 0-24VDC or -230VAC, 0 being an


off signal 24DC or 230VAC being the On signal.
Analog
 Analog signals are continuous that can vary or change.
 All of Human Body senses are analog receivers. Like
temperature, sound and light.
 Best example would be the Dimmer use for controlling fan
speed.
 Position, Level, Temperature, Flow Transducers are just some of
the analog sensors.
 PLC converts analog signals into its digital representation hence
the name A/D Converter and at Output it is D/A Conversion
Analog Example
 A field device that measures a varying value is typically connected to a transducer. In
the following example a scale is connected to a load cell. A load cell is a device that
takes a varying value and converts it to a variable voltage or current output. In this
example the load cell is converting a value of weight into a 0 - 10 VDC output. The
output value depends entirely on the manufactured specifications for the device. This
load cell outputs 0 - 10 VDC for a 0 - 500 Lbs input. The 0 - 10 VDC load cell output
is connected to the input of an analog expansion module.
1st Step - Conversion
 How does a physical quantity like Pressure converts
into electrical signal? By Transducers.

 RTD and Strain use Resistance to simulate PLCs.

 Analog Signals: 4 to 20 mA , 0 to 20mA, 0 to


10VDC and -10 to +10 VDC.
2nd Step -Scaling
 0-10 V input from the transducer to PLC

 For e.g, 5v is input that means object is at half distance i.e


500cm while 0V is 0cm similarly 10V is 1000cm

 Now scaling is done into PLC, by below chart, at 5 V we would


have a value of 500cm in PLC.

Input Range CH1 Scale Range


Max 10 V 1000
Min 0 V 0
3rd Step - Know Resolution
 Resolution must be higher for more accuracy.

 Analog PLCs are rated 12-Bit to 16 Bit.

 With 0-10V and 12 Bit means, 4096 different word


combinations.

 4096/10V = 409.6 means 1V = 409 or 10/4096 = 0.00244


that our AI can detect.
Noise
 Analog signals can be easily affected.

 That can cause change in readings to PLCs.

 Use shielded cables to prevent signal tempering.


Delta Analog PLCs
Analog Example
Analog Outputs (D/A Converter)
Analog Input Module Selection
To select an analog input module the consider the followings:

 Voltage level - Current input - Conversion speed.

 There are two basic types of A/D converter. The first will perform a
conversion every 20 ms (the period of the a.c. mains voltage), which gives a
good clean reading free from worries of line frequency interference.

 The second will convert in 2-20 us, giving the possibility of measuring
transient data.

 At very high rates the PLC may only have time to act as a data logger,
storing the data as it is read, and analyzing it some time after the event to
report on or display it.
Analog Output Module Selection
 The conversion speed of an analog output is generally <100 us and
rarely a problem.

 Once the resolution of the module is selected we have only to


consider the following points:
 Voltage level.
 Load resistance. Typically the minimum load resistance is 300 Ohm.
 Current output. It is often an advantage to use a current loop output (4-20
mA).

 Analog closed loop control


In many cases analog inputs are used not only to monitor variables
but also as a feedback to control a process by controlling relay
outputs or varying an analog output. The required control accuracy
must be defined in the specification, as must the maximum required
rate of change.
Analog Ladder Logic
Analog Registers
Ladder Logic
Mode Selection

Special Register D1115


0 (Voltage 0-10V)
1 (Current 4-20mA)

Sampling Time
Time PLC takes for
Analog/Digital
Conversion

Special Register D1118


Either use K ( 0  10) or
D register and put value
using HMI
Ladder Logic

Analog Input Read

Special Register D1110

Values (0-10V) would be


moved to D10 (0-2000)

Use AIOWizard to record


above value
Distance Indicator

 Analog value in D1110 is compared with 1000.


 If value is >1000 Y0 = On
 If value is = 1000 Y1 = On
 If value is <1000 Y2 = On
Distance Indicator
Control Purpose: Analog Input by ultrasonic sensor and product on a conveyor stops at
3 different intervals.

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