MOTIVATIONAL

ACTIVITY
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JACK IN THE BOX
 SOMEWHERE

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ROOD
BACK DOOR
READ
READ BETWEEN THE
LINES
 BLOOD
WATER
BLOOD IS THICKER THAN
WATER
 GROUND
FEET FEET
FEET FEET
FEET FEET
SIX FEET UNDERGROUND
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MAKE UP
DAY 1
RANDOM SAMPLING
 OBJECTIVES:
• At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:
✔ Describe the concept of population,
sample and sampling.

✔ Describe random and non-random

sampling.

✔ Design appropriate sampling techniques

given research objectives and scope.
 POPULATION
- entirely of the elements of a set of data.

SAMPLE
- subset of a population.
- consists of one or more data
drawn from a population.
SAMPLE UNIT
- singular value in a given sample.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 SAMPLING

- statistical process of selecting a predetermined

sample from the population of interest.
RANDOM OR PROBABILITY NON-RANDOM OR NON-
SAMPLING METHOD PROBABILITY SAMPLING METHOD

- involves random selection - does not involve random

- process wherein every selection of the data.
member of the population has - process wherein NOT all
a known non-zero probability members of the population has a
or chance of being selected. known non-zero probability or
chance of being selected.
RANDOM SAMPLING
DIFFERENT TYPES OF
RANDOM SAMPLING
TECHNIQUES
 1. SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING

- most basic random sampling wherein each element in the

population has an equal probability of being selected.
- each sampling unit is equiprobable or has an equal chance of
being selected as part of the sample.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 1. SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING

- also called Fish bowl or Lottery

sampling where each member of the
population is represented by a
random number or unit for selection.
This technique is simple and easy
since randomization can be made with
the aid of technology such as MS
Excel or a download mobile
application. However, this is not
advisable if the concerned population
is heterogenous and if the list of
population is not available.
RANDOM SAMPLING
 SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING

most basic random sampling wherein each element in the

population has an equal probability of being selected.

An example of a simple random

sample would be the names of 15
POPULATION SAMPLE
students from G11-SAFFIRA
being chosen out of a hat from 60 60 names
names of 15
students of G11-SAFFIRA. In this of G11-
students of G11-
case, the population is all 60 SAFFIRA
SAFFIRA being
students, and the sample is chosen
random because each student
has an equal chance of being
chosen.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 2 TYPES OF SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING

a. Simple Random Sampling

with Replacement (SRSWR)
- a chosen element is
replaced before making
another selection. Thus, all
elements in the sample may
not be distinct from each
since the elements may be
selected more than once.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 2 TYPES OF SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING

b. Simple Random Sampling

without Replacement
(SRSWOR)
- each sampling unit is
distinct from each other.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 2. SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING

RANDOM SAMPLING
 2. SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING

if you wanted to select a random group of 1,000 people from a population of

50,000 using systematic sampling, all the potential participants must be placed
in a list and a starting point would be selected. Once the list is formed, every
50th person on the list (starting the count at the selected starting point) would be
chosen as a participant, since 50,000/1,000 = 50.

In order to select 1, 000

people from 50, 000
population. The count should
start at every 50th person.
50, 000 PEOPLE 1,000 PEOPLE

RANDOM SAMPLING
 3. STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

- Population is divided into different strata or divisions. The

number of samples will be proportionately picked in each
stratum that is why all strata are represented in the samples.
- this technique is most applicable when data sets are
heterogenous with respect to a particular variable.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 3. STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

-Researchers divide a population into homogeneous subpopulations called strata (the plural
of stratum) based on specific characteristics (e.g., race, gender identity, location, etc.). Every
member of the population studied should be in exactly one stratum.
-Each stratum is then sampled using another probability sampling method, such as cluster or
simple random sampling, allowing researchers to estimate statistical measures for each sub-
population.
-Researchers rely on stratified sampling when a population’s characteristics are diverse and they
want to ensure that every character is properly represented in the sample.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 4. CLUSTER SAMPLING

- population is divided into clusters

or groups and then the clusters are
randomly selected. All elements of
the clustered randomly selected
are considered the sample of the
study.
- the process is similar to stratified
sampling except for the fact that
clusters are basically heterogenous
and are typical of the population.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 4. CLUSTER SAMPLING
In a survey of students from a city, we first select a sample of
schools, then we divided each sample school per cluster, within the
selected schools, and finally, we select a sample of students within
the selected classes.

CLUSTER
1

CLUSTER
2

CLUSTER Selected SAMPLE

3
schools OF THE
STUDY
CLUSTER
4

RANDOM SAMPLING
 5. MULTISTAGE SAMPLING
- process of selection is divided into two or more stages wherein the
population is divided into hierarchy of sampling units.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 5. MULTISTAGE SAMPLING
- process of selection is divided into two or more stages wherein the
population is divided into hierarchy of sampling units.

RANDOM SAMPLING
DIFFERENT TYPES
OF NON-RANDOM
SAMPLING
TECHNIQUES
 1. CONVENIENCE SAMPLING

- researchers gather data

from nearby sources of
information exerting minimal
effort. Convenience is being
used by persons giving
questionnaires on the street
to ask the passersby.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 1. CONVENIENCE SAMPLING

- A basic example of a convenience sampling method is when

companies distribute their promotional pamphlets and ask questions
at a mall or on a crowded street with randomly selected participants.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 2. SNOWBALL SAMPLING
- chosen sampling units recruit other
probable subjects which satisfy the
selection criteria in a study.
- Snowball sampling is a sampling
method used by researchers to
generate a pool of participants for a
research study through referrals
made by individuals who share a
particular characteristic of research
interest with the target population. It
is also referred to as chain sampling or
chain referral sampling.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 2. SNOWBALL SAMPLING

If researchers are conducting a

study of individuals with rare
diseases, it may be difficult to find
these individuals. However, if they
can find just a few initial individuals
to be in the study then they can
ask them to recruit further
individuals they may know through
a private support group or through
some other means.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 3. QUOTA SAMPLING
RESEARCHER
This sampling technique is like
stratified sampling without
randomization wherein the sample
may or may not reflect the proportion
of individuals from different groups or
strata. It is called proportional quota
sampling if it shows equal proportion
across groups and non-proportional
quota sampling if not.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 3. QUOTA SAMPLING

For example, a cigarette company

wants to find out what age group
prefers what brand of cigarettes in
a particular city. They apply
survey quota on the age groups of
21-30, 31-40, 41-50, and 51+.
From this information, the
researcher gauges the smoking
trend among the population of the
city.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 4. PURPOSIVE SAMPLING
This is a subjective way of selecting sample units based on the
characteristic of the population and purpose of a particular study.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 PURPOSIVE SAMPLING

Example of purposive sampling is choosing

skilled candidates for a vacancy. One can call it
a classic case of expert sampling; a panel of
seniors who are themselves experts/adept at the
role select a suitable sample to get the necessary
result – hiring the best candidate for that role.

RANDOM SAMPLING
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF RANDOM SAMPLING

For further references, you may visit

the link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pT
uj57uXWlk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9P
aR1TsvnJs

RANDOM SAMPLING
ACTIVITY
 ACTIVITY
DIRECTION: Identify which sampling method is applied in the following situations.

The teacher randomly selects 20 boys and 15 girls from a pool of

learners to be members of a group that will go on a fieldtrip. SIMPLE

A sample of 10 mice are selected at random from a set of 40 mice

to test the effect of a certain medicine. SIMPLE

RANDOM SAMPLING
 ACTIVITY
The people in a certain seminar are all members of two of
five groups and are asked what they think about the CLUSTER
President.
A brand Manager of toothpaste asks ten dentists that
have the clinic closest to their office whether they used a CONVENIENCE
particular brand of toothpaste.

A barangay health worker asks every four houses in the

village for the ages of the children living in those SYSTEMATIC
households.

RANDOM SAMPLING
Identify whether the following refer to population or
sample.
1. The total number of students in a school.
2. A group of 30 patients in a hospital undergoing
treatment for COVID
3. The ages of all vendors in a public market
4. The Top-50 top-earning Filipino.
5. The list of all countries in the world.
 Based on the following groups of names, identify a sampling method that
may have been used to collect the samples listed in parts (a) through (e).
Shaggy Paul Joey Susan
Fred John Monica Elmo
Scooby George Rachel Ernie
Thelma Ringo Ross Oscar
Daphne Chandler Zoe
Phoebe Maria

a) Joey, Monica, Fred, Paul, Daphne -

b) Susan, Elmo, Ernie, Oscar, Zoe, Maria –
c) Shaggy Scooby, Daphne –
d) Shaggy, Fred, John, George, Joey, Chandler, Susan, Ernie –
e) Scooby, Joey, Elmo –

RANDOM SAMPLING TECNIQUES