Republic of the Philippines

North Eastern Mindanao State University

Bislig Campus
Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
Bachelor of Science Major in Mechanical Engineering

FINAL OUTPUT PROJECT

In
COURSE DESCRIPTION LECTURE AND LAB
COURSE CODES
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AUTOMATED WATER LEVEL MONITORING SYSTEM

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By:
JOVEN A. BUHIA

NIÑO JAY L. BADANG

NED ENRIQUE E. GICUM

RJ CHRISTOPHER A. CAJARA

MARIA CARMELA C. DOGONG

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. SUSIE MARIE KINDLE G. URDANETA
Course Instructor

In partial fulfillment of the requirements in Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering

S.Y. 2024-2025, 1st Semester

Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur 8311

(086) 645-6452
www.nemsu.edu.ph
 AUTOMATED WATER LEVEL MONITORING SYSTEM

I. INTRODUCTION

Water management is a critical issue across residential, agricultural, and industrial sectors.
Conventional water level monitoring systems often rely on manual intervention, leading to inefficiencies
such as water wastage, overflow, or a lack of sufficient water supply (Sullivan et al., 2015). By leveraging
modern technologies like microcontrollers, sensors, and displays, automated systems can effectively
address these challenges. The use of Arduino-based systems for water level monitoring and control has
become increasingly popular due to their affordability, adaptability, and precision (Patel, 2020).

This project focuses on developing a simple yet effective Automated Water Level Monitoring and
Control System utilizing an Arduino UNO, a water level sensor, and an I2C-enabled LCD display for
real-time monitoring. By integrating these components, the project aims to eliminate the inefficiencies
associated with manual water monitoring and provide real-time updates to users.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE (RRL):

Several studies have explored automated water level monitoring systems and their potential
benefits. The feasibility of using an Arduino microcontroller to monitor and control water levels. Their
system utilized sensors to detect water levels and displayed the data in real time, significantly reducing
water wastage compared to manual monitoring (Gupta et al. 2020). Water level sensor and relay system
were used to prevent tank overflow. While effective, their system lacked a visual display component,
which limited user interaction and understanding of real-time tank status (Sharma and Reddy 2019).
According to Patel et al. (2022), the implementation of automated water level systems in rural households
and small farms led to a significant reduction in water usage, promoting sustainable resource
management. Their study emphasized the importance of cost-effective solutions for practical applications.

PROJECT GAP:

While previous studies have successfully demonstrated the benefits of automated water level
systems, many solutions still face challenges such as high implementation costs, lack of user-friendly
displays, and over-complex designs. This project addresses these gaps by providing a cost-effective,
simplified system that combines real-time water level monitoring with an I2C-enabled LCD display for
ease of use.

Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur 8311

(086) 645-6452
www.nemsu.edu.ph
OBJECTIVES:

This project aims to:

1. Develop an automated water level monitoring system using Arduino.

2. Display real-time water levels on an LCD screen for user-friendly monitoring.
3. Prevent water overflow and optimize water usage through automation.
4. Provide a low-cost and accessible solution for water level management.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:

The Automated Water Level Monitoring System has significant importance across various
domains, offering practical, scalable, and sustainable solutions to water management challenges. The key
contributions of this project are as follows:

1. Efficient Water Usage and Conservation

This prototype contributes to efficient water usage by providing a real-time, automated solution
for monitoring water levels. In areas where water wastage and overflow are common, the system
ensures that water levels are maintained within optimal limits, preventing unnecessary
consumption.
2. Cost-Effectiveness and Accessibility
This project offers a low-cost, accessible solution for individuals, households, and small
businesses. By utilizing Arduino UNO and I2C LCD display components, this prototype presents
an affordable option that can be easily replicated and deployed at minimal cost, making it
accessible to a broader range of users.
3. Automation and Improved Convenience
The automation offered by this prototype eliminates the need for constant manual checks and the
risk of human error. This system automatically monitors the water level and displays it on an
LCD screen, ensuring that users are promptly informed of any changes. This convenience is
particularly valuable in settings where manual monitoring is impractical or time-consuming.
4. Real-Time Monitoring and Control
This prototype enables real-time monitoring of water levels, allowing users to immediately
observe changes and take action if necessary. With the system providing direct, immediate
feedback on water levels, users can more effectively control water usage, this level of control and
monitoring enhances decision-making and responsiveness.

Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur 8311

(086) 645-6452
www.nemsu.edu.ph
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION:

The scope of this project is the development of an Automated Water Level Monitoring System
using an Arduino UNO microcontroller, a water level sensor, and an I2C-enabled LCD display. This
system aims to provide real-time monitoring of water levels in small-scale. The project focuses on
automating water level detection to eliminate the inefficiencies of manual monitoring, preventing water
wastage, and avoiding overflow. The system will display the water level in real time on the LCD screen
and provide users with accurate and timely information to manage water usage efficiently. However, this
project has certain delimitations. It is specifically designed for small-scale and therefore, is not intended
for large-scale applications. The Automated Water Level Monitoring System provides a practical solution
for small-scale water management, it remains confined to basic water level monitoring without additional
control or remote capabilities. Future work could expand the system’s features, allowing for more
sophisticated applications in larger and more diverse environments.

II. METHODOLOGY

1. Materials
The following materials are utilized in this project to construct and implement the water
level monitoring system:
 Arduino UNO microcontroller - The heart of the system, responsible for processing data from the
water level sensor and controlling the output devices. The Arduino UNO is used for its ease of
programming, flexibility, and ability to interface with various sensors and display modules.
 Water level sensor - This sensor detects the water level in a tank or reservoir. An ultrasonic
sensor (e.g., HC-SR04) is employed, which sends out sound waves and measures the time it takes
for the waves to bounce back from the water surface, providing an accurate measurement of the
water level.
 16x2 LCD display with I2C module - This display is used to show the real-time water level on a
screen. The I2C module simplifies the wiring process by reducing the number of necessary
connections, and it allows for easy communication between the LCD and the Arduino UNO
microcontroller.
 Connecting wires - Jumper wires are used to connect all the components, ensuring that the signal
from the water level sensor reaches the Arduino and the output (water level data) is displayed on
the LCD.
 Power supply (Power Bank 12V) - A 12V power bank is used to power the system. The Arduino
UNO uses an onboard voltage regulator to step down the power to 5V, which is required for its
operation.

2. System Design
 The water level sensor detects water levels and sends an analog signal to the Arduino UNO.
 The Arduino processes the signal and calculates the water level percentage.
Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur 8311
(086) 645-6452
www.nemsu.edu.ph
  The I2C module simplifies communication between the Arduino UNO and the LCD display.
 The LCD displays the water level percentage in real time.

3. Steps of Implementation
 Step 1: Assemble the circuit based on the schematic diagram.
 Step 2: Connect the water level sensor to the Arduino.
 Step 3: Program the Arduino UNO using the Arduino IDE.
 Step 4: Upload the code
 Step 5: Test the system with varying water levels.
 Step 6: Troubleshoot and refine the prototype.

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The Automated Water Level Monitoring System was successfully developed and tested,
providing real-time feedback on water levels in storage tanks. Below are the key results and findings from
the project:

 System Functionality
- The system operated as expected, with the Arduino UNO microcontroller successfully
reading data from the water level sensor and displaying real-time water levels on the I2C-
enabled LCD display. The system provided accurate readings of the water height, with
the sensor calibrated to detect different water levels within the tank. The LCD screen
displayed clear and easy-to-read information, allowing users to monitor water levels at a
glance.

 Accuracy and Reliability

- During testing, the water level sensor demonstrated reliable performance, with minimal
deviation in readings even when water levels changed incrementally. The sensor's
accuracy was maintained through calibration, ensuring that the system provided reliable
data to the users.

 System Performance
- The system’s overall performance was stable, with the Arduino UNO efficiently
processing the sensor data and controlling the LCD display without delays. The real-time
feedback provided by the system helped users make immediate decisions regarding water
management.

 Limitations

Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur 8311

(086) 645-6452
www.nemsu.edu.ph
 - One limitation observed during testing was the dependency on manual calibration for the
sensor. If the sensor was not calibrated correctly, it could result in inaccurate readings.
Additionally, the system's application is currently limited to small-scale tanks, as it was
not designed to handle larger scale.

IV. CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the Automated Water Level Monitoring System developed in this study
successfully addresses the issue of inefficient manual water monitoring in small-scale storage systems. By
integrating an Arduino UNO, water level sensor, and I2C-enabled LCD display, the system provides real-
time water level monitoring. The system offers a low-cost, reliable, and efficient solution for small scale
project.

The system's simplicity and ease of use make it an ideal solution for non-technical users, while its
accuracy and reliability ensure effective water management. However, there is room for improvement,
particularly in enhancing the system’s scalability, remote monitoring capabilities, and automation features
to better suit large-scale applications.

VII. RECOMMENDATION

Based on the results and findings from the project, the following recommendations are made for
future improvements and applications:

 Integration of Remote Monitoring

- Future versions of the system should incorporate remote monitoring capabilities, such as
mobile app integration or web dashboards, to allow users to monitor water levels from
any location. This would increase convenience and efficiency, especially in large or
remote installations.

 Automation Features
- The system could be enhanced by adding automation features, such as controlling pumps,
valves, or alarms when water levels reach critical points. This would eliminate the need
for manual intervention and improve overall water management.

 Scalability and Adaptability

- The system should be adapted for use in larger-scale water management applications.
Enhancing the system to handle multiple tanks or sensors would allow for broader
applications.

Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur 8311

(086) 645-6452
www.nemsu.edu.ph
 By addressing these recommendations, the Automated Water Level Monitoring System can be
enhanced to provide a more comprehensive and scalable solution for water management, further
contributing to efficient and sustainable water usage across various sectors.

References:

Gupta, S., Kumar, A., & Patel, R. (2020). Arduino-Based Water Management Systems. Journal of

Automation and Control Engineering, 18(2), 45-52.

Sharma, P., & Reddy, S. (2019). Water Overflow Prevention Systems Using Water Level Sensors and

Relays. International Journal of Water Resource Management, 15(4), 123-130.

Khan, M., Singh, J., & Gupta, D. (2021). Integration of I2C Communication for Display Modules in

Arduino-Based Systems. Journal of Embedded Systems Technology, 29(1), 89-96.

Patel, V., Desai, M., & Mehta, K. (2022). Water Level Monitoring for Sustainable Water Usage in Rural

Households and Small Farms. Environmental Sustainability Journal, 20(3), 215-223.

Sullivan, C. A., et al. (2015). "Water Resource Management: Innovations and Challenges." Water

Resources Research Journal.

Patel, (2020). "Arduino-Based Water Monitoring System: Applications and Future Directions." Journal

of Engineering and Technology.

DOCUMENTATION:
Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur 8311
(086) 645-6452
www.nemsu.edu.ph
Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur 8311
(086) 645-6452
www.nemsu.edu.ph