School of Chemistry and

Physics PLACE YOUR BARCODE

Westville Campus, Durban HERE

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CHEMISTRY - CHEM110 W1

TEST 3

Date: Friday 12th May 2017 Total marks: 25

Time: 13h15 – 14h00 Duration: 45 minutes
Examiner: Mrs H Govender

IMPORTANT: Complete this part immediately.

Name

Student No.

INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Answer ALL questions.
2. For Section A which contains the multiple choice questions, write your answers on the
multiple choice answer sheet with an HB pencil and follow the instructions given in the
question.
3. Calculators may be used but all working must be shown.
4. The pages of this test must not be unpinned.
5. Your answers for Section B must be written on the question paper in the spaces
provided. The left-hand pages may be used for extra space or for rough work.
6. Marks will be deducted for the incorrect use of significant figures and the omission of
units.
7. You must write legibly in black or blue ink in Section B. Pencils and Tipp-Ex are not
allowed.
8. This test consists of 8 pages. A data sheet and a periodic table are provided separately.
Please check that you have them all.

SECTION SECTION A SECTION B SECTION B FINAL

TOTAL TOTAL
Questions 1 - 13 1 2
Maximum 15 5 5 10 25
Mark
 SECTION A - Multiple Choice Questions

 For each of the following questions, select the correct answer from the list provided.
 There is only one correct answer for each question.
 There is no negative marking.

1. Boyle’s Law states that for a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature its,

A pressure increases as its volume increases.

B pressure increases as its volume decreases.

C pressure is equal to its volume.

D pressure increases and its volume remains the same. (1)

2. Non-ideal behavior for a gas is most likely to be observed under conditions of:

A standard temperature and pressure.

B low temperature and high pressure.

C low temperature and low pressure.

D high temperature and low pressure. (1)

3. The type of compound that is most likely to contain an ionic bond is

A one that is composed of a metal from the far left of the periodic table and a
nonmetal from the far right of the periodic table
B a solid at room temperature

C held together by the electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions

D all of the above

(1)

2
 4. How many sigma and pi bonds does the CO molecule have respectively?

A 1 sigma and 1 pi bond

B 2 sigma and 1 pi bond

C 0 sigma and 3 pi bonds

D 1 sigma and 2 pi bonds

(1)

5. Which of the atoms listed below is the most electronegative?

A P

B Ge

C Cs

D Li (1)

6. Which of the following does not have eight valence electrons?

A Ca+

B K+

C Xe

D Br-

(1)

7. Which of the following compounds violates the octet rule?

A NF3

B IF3

C PF3

D SbF3

(2)

3
8. An acceptable Lewis dot structure for N2O is

·· ··
O N
·· ·· ·
N
A ·· ·· ·

··
·· O N N ··
B

·· ··
O N
·· ·
N·
C

·· ··
O N N ··
D (1)

9. Carefully consider the nature of the bonding in the following compounds.

(i) HCl (ii) LiCl (iii) BCl3 (iv) MgO
Which of the above compounds have covalent bonding?

A (i) and (iii) only

B (i) and (ii) only

C (ii) and (iv) only

D (iii) and (iv) only (1)

10. How many equivalent resonance forms can be drawn for CO32- (carbon is the central
atom)?

A 4

B 2

C 1

D 3 (1)

4
11. The formal charge on nitrogen in NO3- is

A -1

B 0

C +1

D +2 (1)

12. The molecular geometry of the BrCl4− ion is

A octahedral

B square pyramidal

C trigonal bypyramidal

D square planar
(2)

13. The O-S-O bond angle in SO2 is slightly less than

A 90°

B 109.5°

C 120°

D 180° (1)

End of Section A [15]

5
 SECTION B

QUESTION 1

a) Carbon dioxide, CO2, is effective in fire extinguishers partly because its density is
greater than air. Calculate the density of CO2, in g L-1 at a temperature of 25 °C and
pressure 0.854 atm. All working must be shown.
(2)
Convert pressure and temperature: T = (273.15 oC + 25 oC) × 1K/1oC = 298.15 K
Pressure = 0.854 atm

MP
d
RT
44.01 g mol 1  0.854 atm

0.08206 atm mol 1 L K 1  298 .15 K
 1.54 g L1

OR ( alternate answer)

PV
n
RT
0.854 atm  1 L

0.08206  298.15 K
 0.0349 mol

n=mass/MM
mass = n x MM
= 0.0349 mol x 44.01 g/mol
= 1.54 g ( this is the mass in 1 L)
Therefore density = 1.54g/L

6
b) Calculate the mole fraction of NO in a 10.00 L gas cylinder at room temperature (25
°C) that contains 6.002 mol N2 and in which the total pressure is 1.49 × 106 Pa.
(3)
Convert temperature: T = (273.15 oC + 25 oC) × 1K/1oC = 298 K
Convert volume = 10.00 × 1m3/1000L = 0.01 m3
Pressure = 1.49 × 106 Pa
PV
total moles 
RT
1.49  106  0.01 m3

8.315 m3 Pa mol 1 K 1  298.15 K
 6.010 mol

Mol NO = total moles – mol N2 =6.010 – 6.002 = 0.008 mol NO

XNO = nNO/ntotal = 0.008 mol /6.010 mol = 0.001

7
QUESTION 2

Draw three plausible Lewis structures for SCO. Using formal charge explain fully which
structure is the least stable. Show all working.
(5)
There are 3 plausible Lewis structures:
Ve = 4+6+6 = 16 e-

Structure A
S C O
Valence electrons: 6 4 6
(Electrons assigned to atom): 5 4 7
Formal Charge: +1 0 -1
Structure B
S C O
Valence electrons: 6 4 6
(Electrons assigned to atom): 6 4 6
Formal Charge: 0 0 0

Structure C
S C O
Valence electrons: 6 4 6
(Electrons assigned to atom): 7 4 5
Formal Charge: -1 0 +1

From the formal charges, structure B is the most stable, because it has the least
amount of formal charge. Structure A is next because it places the negative formal
charge on the oxygen which is most EN. Finally, C is the least stable because it
places a positive charge on O, which prefers to be negatively charged.
----------------------End of Test ------------------------ [10]