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Concept of Assembly Language

Assembly Language is a low-level programming language that provides a human-readable way to write machine-level code, closely tied to hardware architecture. It uses mnemonics for instructions, works directly with CPU registers, and allows for direct memory manipulation. Learning Assembly Language is beneficial for understanding hardware-software interaction and for applications requiring high performance.

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11 views2 pages

Concept of Assembly Language

Assembly Language is a low-level programming language that provides a human-readable way to write machine-level code, closely tied to hardware architecture. It uses mnemonics for instructions, works directly with CPU registers, and allows for direct memory manipulation. Learning Assembly Language is beneficial for understanding hardware-software interaction and for applications requiring high performance.

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c.abdullahzahid
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The basic concept of Assembly Language revolves around providing a human-

readable way to write machine-level code. It’s a low-level programming


language that is closely related to a computer's hardware architecture. Unlike
high-level languages (like Python, C++, Java), assembly language provides direct
control over the hardware.
🔑 Key Concepts:
1. Machine Code Representation:
o Assembly language is a symbolic representation of machine code.
o Each instruction corresponds directly to a machine language
instruction (binary code) that the CPU understands.
2. Mnemonics:
o Instructions are written using simple, readable keywords called
mnemonics.
o For example, MOV (move), ADD (addition), SUB (subtraction), JMP
(jump).
3. Registers:
o Assembly language often involves working directly with CPU registers
(small storage areas within the CPU).
o Example: AX, BX, CX, DX in x86 architecture.
4. Labels and Instructions:
o Labels are used to mark memory addresses for easy referencing.
o Instructions are commands for the processor to execute, like data
transfer, arithmetic operations, control flow, etc.
5. Memory Addressing:
o It provides the ability to manipulate and control memory locations
directly.
o Different addressing modes are used, such as immediate, direct,
indirect, indexed, etc.
6. Assembly Language Program Structure:
o A typical program includes sections like Data Segment (for
variables), Code Segment (for instructions), and Stack Segment (for
temporary data storage).
7. Assembler:
o A program that translates assembly code into machine code (object
code) for execution by the computer’s CPU.
8. Hardware Dependency:
o Assembly language is specific to a particular computer architecture
(e.g., x86, ARM).
o Code written for one architecture usually won't run on another
without modification.
Why Learn Assembly Language?
 To understand how hardware and software interact.
 For system programming, embedded systems, or performance-critical
applications.
 To write high-performance code when needed.

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