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Saakaar PCM Biotechnology

Mathematics
DPP: 1
Relation & Function

Q1 On the set N , define the relation R by R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (1, 2), (2, 1),

aRb ⇔ GC D(a, b) = 2 . (3, 1)

Then which of the following statements is true? (1, 3)}

(A) R is reflexive Then R is

(B) R is symmetric. (A) Reflexive
(C) R is transitive. (B) Symmetric
(D) R is equivalence relation. (C) Transitive
(D) equivalence relation
Q2 Let X = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, Y = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}

Which of the following is/are relation? Q7 Let A : set of all prime numbers smaller than 53,
(A) R1 = {(x, y) : y = 2 + x : x ∈ X, y ∈ Y } B : set of all natural numbers whose squares are
(B) R2 = {(1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 3), (4, 3), (5, 5)} less than 49,
(C) R3 = {(1, 1), (1, 3), (3, 5), (3, 7), (5, 7)} then the total number of relation from set A to
(D) R4 = {(1, 3), (2, 5), (2, 4), (7, 9)} . set B, is
(A) 2100 (B) 2105
Q3 Let A={a, b, c, d } and B={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}.
(C) 290 (D) 295
Then the number of one-to-one functions from
A to B is Q8 Which of the following is an equivalence
(A) 360 (B) 24 relation on the set S = {1, 2, 3, 4} ?
(C) 120 (D) 180 (A) R1 = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)}

(B) R2
Q4 The number of onto functions from the set {1, 2, =
3, 4, 5} to itself is: {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 3),

(A) 32 (B) 31 (4, 4)}

(C) 120 (D) 24 (C) R3

=
Q5 Let A and B be two finite sets having m and n
{(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2),
elements respectively.
(2, 4), (4, 2)}
If the total number of subsets of A is 56 more
(D) None of These
than the total number of subsets of B,
then the values of m and n respectively are? Q9 Let A : set of all divisors of 24,
(A) 7, 6 (B) 7, 5 B : set of all natural numbers whose cube is less
(C) 6, 3 (D) 8, 7 than 500,
then the total number of relations from set A to
Q6 Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and R be a relation in A
set B, is
given by
(A) 250 (B) 252

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(C) 254 (D) 256

Q10 Let A be the set of all solutions to the equation

x
3
− 7x
2
+ 14x − 8 = 0 ,
Then the number of Asymmetric relation on A is

Q11 Define a Relation as

R = {(a, b) ∈ Z × Z | ab < 1} .
Then which of the following statement is true?
(A) R is Reflexive
(B) R is symmetric
(C) R is transitive
(D) R is antisymmetric

Q12 The Domain of function

3−x
f (x) = sin
−1
{ } is :
√9−x 2

(A) [0, 3] (B) [−3, 3)

(C) [0, 3) (D) [−3, 3]

Q13 The number of bijective maps from a set of

5 elements to a set of 5 elements is

(A) 120 (B) 240

(C) 360 (D) 55

Q14 Given A = {a : a is a prime number < 24}

then number of irreflexive relation on A is

(A) 272 (B) 263

(C) 2 81
(D) 29

Q15 The number of surjective maps from a set of 4

elements to a set of 3 elements is

(A) 36 (B) 64
(C) 69 (D) 81

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Answer Key
Q1 (B) Q9 (D)

Q2 (A, B, C) Q10 27

Q3 (A) Q11 (B)

Q4 (C) Q12 (C)

Q5 (C) Q13 (A)

Q6 (A, B) Q14 (A)

Q7 (B) Q15 (A)

Q8 (D)

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Hints & Solutions

Q1 Text Solution: ⇒ The total number of onto functions =
(A) Since g.c.d(1, 1) = 1 ≠ 2 , therefore 1 is not 5! = 120 .
related to 1. Hence, option (C) is correct.
⇒ R is not reflexive. Q5 Text Solution:
Hence, option (A) is incorrect. Let |A| = m , |B| = n
(B) Since g.c.d(a, b) = g.c.d(b, a) Then by given condition
⇒ R is symmetric. m
− 2
n
= 56 = 8 × 7 = 2
3
(2
3
− 1)
2
Hence, option (B) is correct. n m 3 3
⇒ 2 (2 − 1) = 2 (2 − 1)
(C) Since g.c.d(6, 4) = 2 = g.c.d(4, 18) but
On comparing both sides
g.c.d(6, 18) = 6 ≠ 2
n = 3, m − n = 3
⇒ R is not transitive.
⇒ n = 3, m = 6
Hence, option (C) is not correct.
Hence, option (C) is correct.
(D) Since R is not transitive therefore it is not an
equivalence relation. Q6 Text Solution:
Hence, option (D) is incorrect. (A) The given relation is reflexive
since aRa, ∀a ∈ A .
Q2 Text Solution:
Hence, option (A) is correct.
Relation: Every subset of A × B is called a
(B) The given relation is symmetric also
relation from a set A to B .
since (1,2) and (2,1), (1,3) and (3,1) are in R.
Here R1 , R2 , R3 are subset of X × Y , so they
Hence, option (B) is correct.
are relation.
(C) Not transitive as (2, 1) and (1, 3) ∈ R but
But (7, 9) ∉ X × Y hence R4 is not a relation
(2, 3) ∉ R
from X to Y .
Hence, option (C) is incorrect.
Hence, options (A), (B) and (C) are correct.
(D) The given relation is not an equivalence
Q3 Text Solution: relation
One-One Function: A function f : A → B is since it is not symmetric.
called one-one function if
Q7 Text Solution:
f (x) = f (y) ⇒ x = y .
We have
If |A| = m, |B| = n and m ≤ n then the
A = {n ∈ N| n is prime ; n < 53}
number of one-one functions
= {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41,
from A to B =n Pm .
Given |B| = 6, |A| = 4
43, 47}

Then the number of one-one functions = ⇒ |A| = 15

.
6 6! 2
P4 = = 360 B = {n ∈ N∣
∣ n < 49}
2!

Hence, option (A) is correct. = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}

Q4 Text Solution: ⇒ |A| = 6

If |A| = n then the total number of onto So, number of elements in cartesion product of
functions from A to A = n! A and B
Given |A| = 5 ,

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= |A| × |B| = 15 × 6 = 90 aRb ⇔ ab < 1

So, total no of relations possible relations as ab = ba ∀a, b ∈ Z

=2 |A|×|B|
= 2
90
⇒ ba < 1 ⇔ bRa

(C) NOT transitive:

Hence Option (C ) is Correct.
−3R2 as − 6 < 1
Q8 Text Solution: 2R (−5) as − 10 < 1

1. The first one i.e. R1 is surely not an but (−3) R (−5) as 15 ≮ 1

equivalence relation as it is not reflective: (D) NOT antisymmetric:

(4,4) does not belong to R1 , that is 4~4 is Let a = 1 , b = −1

false, that is x~x ∀x is false. Then aRb & bRa but a ≠ b

2. For R2 : (1,2) belongs to the relation, but (2,1) Hence , Option (B) is correct.
does not, hence symmetric property fails. Q12 Text Solution:
3. For R3 : we have the pairs (3,2) and (2,4) but we have
not (3,4) . Hence is NOT true that
−1 3−x
f (x) = sin { }
x~y and y~z ⇒ x~z ∀x, y, z (not transitive). √9−x 2

4. Hence None of these i.e. (D) is Correct now ,

−−−
Option. 3−x 3−x
f or x ≠ 3 , = √
√9−x 2 3+x

Q9 Text Solution: as − 1 ≤
3−x
≤ 1
√9−x 2
We have
−−−
3−x
A = τ (24) ⇒ −1 ≤ √ ≤ 1
3+x

= {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24} 3−x

⇒ 0 ≤ ≤ 1
3 3+x
B = {n ∈ N∣
∣ n < 500}
3−x
If = 0 ⇒ x = 3 . . . . . . . . . . . (1)
= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} 3+x

Then |A| = 8 and |B| = 7 If

3−x
> 0 ⇒
x−3
< 0 ⇒ x ∈ (−3, 3) ...
3+x x+3

so, number of relations from A to B are . . . . . . . (2)

|A||B| 8×7 56
2 = 2 = 2 3−x 3−x
If ≤ 1 ⇒ − 1 ≤ 0
Hence , option (D) is correct. 3+x 3+x

2x 2x
⇒ − ≤ 0 ⇒ ≥ 0
Q10 Text Solution: 3+x 3+x

The solutions of the given equation are 1,2,4 ⇒ x ∈ (−∞, −3) ∪ [0, ∞) . . . . . . . . . . . . .

⇒ A = {1, 2, 4}

⇒ The number of asymmetric relations on A is . (3)

Taking intersection of (1), (2) and (3) , we get

3
3(3−1)/2 3
= 3 = 27 .
x ∈ [0, 3)
Q11 Text Solution:
Hence , option (C ) is correct.
(A) NOT Reflexive:
aRa ⇒ a
2
< 1
Q13 Text Solution:

which is not possible for any integer unless The number of bijective maps

a = 0 . from a set A with n elements to

(a, a) ∉ R for any a ∈ Z\ {0}

a set B with n elements is (n)!.

(B) Symmetric: Here, |A| = 5 = |A|

then number of bijective maps

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= (5)!

= 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1

= 120

Q14 Text Solution:

A = {2 , 3 , 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23}

|A| = 9

So number of irreflexive relation

2
9 −9
= 2
72
= 2

Hence ,Option (A) is correct.

Q15 Text Solution:

Formula:
Number of onto functions from A to B with

|A| = m and |B| = n is

n n−r n m
∑ (−1) . C r
r=1 r

provided m ≥ n

|A| = 4 & |B| = 3

Number of onto functions from A to B =

2 3 3 3
(−1) . C1 + (−1) . C2 . 16 + C3 . 81

= 3 − 48 + 81 = 36

Hence ,Option (A) is correct.

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