Given that an infinite sequence { u1 , u2 ,u3 , … } ={u n }∞n=1 is either convergent, divergent

∞
or neither. Its corresponding infinite series, ∑ u n, is said to converge, if the sequence of its
n =1
∞
, converges. In this case, we write ∑ u n= nlim Sn . If
∞
partial sums, { S }
n n=1 →∞
n =1
∞

{ Sn }n=1 does not coverage ,then the series∑ u ndiverges.

∞

n =1

{ }
∞
1
1. Consider an infinite sequence 5+ and its corresponding infinite series
3n n=1

( )
∞
1
∑ 5+
3n
.
n =1

a) Find the limit of the sequence, if exist.

b) Calculate the sequence of the partial sums, S1 , S 2 , S3 , … , S 20 .
c) Construct a table and plot a graph of the sequence of the partial sums,
S1 , S 2 , S3 , … , S 20.
d) Describe the graph.

( )
∞
1
e) Comment on the convergence of the series∑ 5+ n based on the graph.
n =1 3

2. Repeat steps (a) to (e) in 1 for

{ }
∞
1
a) p 7 , where p = 3, 5, and 7.
n +
n n=1
∞
b) { n 2+ n+1 }n=1

{ }
∞
1
n (n+1) n=1

{ }
∞
1
3+
n ( n+1 ) n=1
n ∞
{e }n=1

3. Compare and comment the graphs obtained in 1 and 2.

4. Write your report based on your observation of the relationship between the limit of
the sequence and the convergence of their corresponding infinite series.
SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN BAU
MATHEMATICS (M) COURSEWORK 950/4
YEAR 2024

TITLE :
…….

NAME :
MIKE RANDY AK JAVELINE

CLASS / SEMESTER :
L6A1 / SEMESTER 1

I/C NUMBER :
060414-14-1415

TEACHER NAME :
MDM. JONG
INTRODUCTION
Convergent definition in mathematics is a property (displayed by certain innumerable
series and functions) of approaching a limit more and more explicitly as an argument
(variable) of the function increases or decreases or as the number of terms of the series gets
increased. While, a divergent series is an infinite series that is not convergent, meaning that
the infinite sequence of the partial sums of the series does not have a finite limit. If a series
converges, the individual terms of the series must approach zero.

Next, a partial sum of an infinite series is the sum of a finite number of

consecutive terms beginning with the first term. Then, limit of a sequence is the
value the sequence approaches as the number of terms goes to infinity. Lastly,
an infinite sequence refers to a sequence that continues indefinitely, without a
final term or limit. It can be defined as a series of numbers or elements that
follow a specific pattern or rule, and it can be represented by a formula or
recursive relation.

OBJECTIVE
An infinite sequence { u1 , u2 ,u3 , … } ={u n }n=1 is either convergent, divergent or neither.
∞

∞
Its corresponding infinite series, ∑ u n, is said to converge, if the sequence of its partial sums,
n =1
∞
, converges. In this case, we write ∑ u n= nlim Sn . If { S }∞ does not coverage ,then the
∞
{S }
n n=1 →∞ n n=1
n =1
∞
series∑ u ndiverges.
n =1
RESULT
An infinite sequence { u1 , u2 ,u3 , … } ={u n }∞n=1 is either convergent, divergent or neither.
∞
Its corresponding infinite series, ∑ u n, is said to converge, if the sequence of its partial sums,
n =1
∞

{ Sn }n=1 , converges. In this case, we write ∑ u n= nlim Sn . If { S }∞ does not coverage ,then the
∞
→∞ n n=1
n =1
∞
series∑ u ndiverges.
n =1

{ }
∞
1
Consider an infinite sequence 5+ and its corresponding infinite series
3n n=1

( )
∞
1
∑ 5+
3n
n =1

n 1
5+ n
3
1 5.333333
2 5.111111
3 5.037037
4 5.012456
5 5.004115
6 5.001372
7 5.000457
8 5.000152
9 5.000051
10 5.000017
11 5.000005
12 5.000001882
13 5.000000627
14 5.000000209
15 5.00000007
16 5.000000023
17 5.000000008
18 5.000000003
19 5.000000001
20 5
From the table, when n become larger, we can know that sequence approach to 5. Hence,

( ) 1
lim 5+ n =5
n→∞ 3
The sequence of the partial sums, S1 , S 2 , S3 , … , S 20 is calculate as below.

∞
n 1
Sn=∑ (5+ n
)
n=1 3
1 5.333333
2 10.444444
3 15.481481
4 20.493937
5 25.498052
6 30.499424
7 35.499881
8 40.500033
9 45.500084
10 50.500101
11 55.500106
12 60.50010788
13 65.50010851
14 70.50010872
15 75.50010879
16 80.50010881
17 85.50010882
18 90.50010882
19 95.50010882
20 100.5001088
 ∞
1
The graph of Sn=∑ (5+ )
n is plotted as below
n=1 3

Sn

120

100

80

60

40

20

n
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

∞
1
Based on the graph, the line of Sn=∑ (5+ ) is increasing to infinity. Hence, the
n=1 3n
series is divergent.
 { }
∞
1
Consider an infinite sequence p 7 and its corresponding infinite series
n +
n n=1

{ }
∞
1
p 7 when p = 3. n 1
n + 7
n n=1 n3 +
n
1 0.125
2 0.086957
3 0.034091
4 0.015209
5 0.007911
6 0.004605
7 0.002907
8 0.001950
9 0.001370
10 0.000999
11 0.000751
12 0.000579
13 0.000455
14 0.000364
15 0.000296
16 0.000244
17 0.000204
18 0.000171
19 0.000146
20 0.000125

From the table, when n become larger, we can know that sequence approach to 0. Hence,

( )
1
lim
n→∞ 3 7 =0.
n+
n
The sequence of the partial sums, S1 , S 2 , S3 , … , S 20 is calculate as below

( )
∞
n 1
Sn=∑
3 7
n=1
n+
n

1 0.125
2 0.211957
3 0.246048
4 0.261257
5 0.269168
6 0.273773
7 0.27668
8 0.27863
9 0.28
10 0.280999
11 0.28175
12 0.282329
13 0.282784
14 0.283148
15 0.283444
16 0.283688
17 0.283892
18 0.284063
19 0.284209
20 0.284334
 ( )
∞
1
Sn=∑
The graph of 3 7 is plotted as below
n=1
n+
n

Sn

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

n
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
 ( )
∞
1
Sn=∑
Based on the graph, the line 3 7 is increasing to 0.3. Hence, the series is
n=1
n+
n
convergent.

{ }
∞
1
Consider an infinite sequence p 7 and its corresponding infinite series
n +
n n=1

{ }
∞
1
p 7 when p = 5. n 1
n + 7
n n=1 n5 +
n
1 0.125
2 0.028169
3 0.004076
4 0.000749
5 0.0003199
6 0.000129
7 0.0000595
8 0.0000305
9 0.0000169
10 0.00000999
11 0.00000621
12 0.00000402
13 0.00000269
14 0.000000184
15 0.00000132
16 0.000000954
17 0.000000704
18 0.000000529
19 0.000000404
20 0.000000312
 From the table, when n become larger, we can know that sequence approach to 0.

( )
1
lim
Hence, n → ∞ 5 7 =0.
n+
n
The sequence of the partial sums, S1 , S 2 , S3 , … , S 20 is calculate as below

( )
∞
n 1
Sn=∑
5 7
n=1
n+
n

1 0.125
2 0.153169
3 0.157245
4 0.157994
5 0.158314
6 0.158443
7 0.158502
8 0.158533
9 0.15855
10 0.15856
11 0.158566
12 0.15857
13 0.158573
14 0.158573
15 0.158574
16 0.158575
17 0.158576
18 0.158576
19 0.158577
20 0.158577
 ( )
∞
1
Sn=∑
The graph of 5 7 is plotted as below
n=1
n+
n

Sn
0.18

0.16

0.14

0.12

0.1

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

n
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
 ( )
∞
1
Sn=∑
Based on the graph, the line 5 7 is increasing to 0.16. Hence, the series is
n=1
n+
n
convergent.

{ }
∞
1
Consider an infinite sequence p 7 and its corresponding infinite series
n +
n n=1

{ }
∞
1
p 7 when p = 7. n 1
n +
n n=1 7
n7 +
n
1 0.125
2 0.007604563
3 0.00045676004
4 0.00006102864
5 0.00001279977
6 0.00000357223
7 0.000001214264
8 0.000000476836
9 0.0000002090751
10 0.000000099999
11 0.00000005131581
12 0.00000002790816
13 0.00000001593663
14 0.0000000094864505
15 0.000000005852766
16 0.000000003725290
17 0.000000002437011
18 0.000000001633399
19 0.000000001118729
20 0.0000000007812499
 From the table, when n become larger, we can know that sequence approach to 0.

( )
1
lim
Hence, n → ∞ 7 7 =0.
n+
n
The sequence of the partial sums, S1 , S 2 , S3 , … , S 20 is calculate as below

( )
∞
n 1
Sn=∑
7 7
n=1
n+
n

1 0.125
2 0.132604563
3 0.133061323
4 0.133122352
5 0.133135151
6 0.133138724
7 0.133139938
8 0.133140415
9 0.133140624
10 0.133140724
11 0.133140775
12 0.133140803
13 0.133140819
14 0.133140829
15 0.133140834
16 0.133140838
17 0.133140841
18 0.133140842
19 0.133140843
20 0.133140844
 ( )
∞
1
Sn=∑
The graph of 7 7 is plotted as below
n=1
n+
n

Sn
0.134

0.132

0.13

0.128

0.126

0.124

0.122

n
0.12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
 ( )
∞
1
Sn=∑
Based on the graph, the line 7 7 is increasing to 0.134 Hence, the series is
n=1
n+
n
convergent.
∞
Consider an infinite sequence { n 2+ n+1 }n=1and its corresponding infinite series
∞
{n 2+ n+1 }n=1 .
∞
n {n 2+ n+1 }n=1

1 1
2 7
3 13
4 21
5 31
6 43
7 57
8 73
9 91
10 111
11 133
12 157
13 183
14 211
15 241
16 273
17 307
18 343
19 381
20 421

From the table, when n become larger, we can know that sequence approach to
infinity. Hence, lim ( n +n+ 1 )= ∞
2

n→∞
The sequence of the partial sums, S1 , S 2 , S3 , … , S 20 is calculate as below

∞
n Sn= { n2+ n+1 }n=1

1 1
2 8
3 21
4 42
5 73
6 116
7 173
8 246
9 337
10 448
11 581
12 738
13 921
14 1132
15 1373
16 1646
17 1953
18 2296
19 2677
20 3098
 ∞
The graph of Sn= { n2+ n+1 }n=1 is plotted as below

Sn

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

n
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

∞
Based on the graph, the line Sn= { n2+ n+1 }n=1 is increasing to infinity. Hence, the
series is divergent.
 { }
∞
1
Consider an infinite sequence and its corresponding infinite series
n (n+1) n=1

{ }
∞
1
.
n (n+1) n=1

{ }
∞
n 1
n (n+1) n=1

1 0.5
2 0.166667
3 0.083333
4 0.05
5 0.033333
6 0.0238095
7 0..017857
8 0.013888
9 0.011111
10 0.00909
11 0.0075757
12 0.0064102
13 0.005494
14 0.0047619
15 0.001666
16 0.003676
17 0.0032679
18 0.0029239
19 0.0026315
20 0.00238095

From the table, when n become larger, we can know that sequence approach to 0.
Hence, lim
1
(
n → ∞ n (n+1)
= 0. )
The sequence of the partial sums, S1 , S 2 , S3 , … , S 20 is calculate as below

{ }
∞
n 1
Sn=
n(n+1) n=1

1 0.5
2 0.666667
3 0.75
4 0.8
5 0.833333
6 0.8571425
7 0.8571425
8 0.8710305
9 0.8821415
10 0.8912315
11 0.8988072
12 0.9052174
13 0.9107114
14 0.9154733
15 0.9171393
16 0.9208153
17 0.9240832
18 0.9270071
19 0.9296386
20 0.93201955
 { }
∞
1
The graph of Sn= is plotted as below
n(n+1) n=1

Sn

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

n
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

{ }
∞
1
Based on the graph, the line Sn= is increasing to 1. Hence, the series is
n(n+1) n=1
convergent.
 { }
∞
1
Consider an infinite sequence 3+ and its corresponding infinite series
n ( n+1 ) n=1

{ }
∞
1
3+
n ( n+1 ) n=1

{ }
∞
n 1
3+
n ( n+1 ) n=1

1 3.5
2 3.166666
3 3.083333
4 3.05
5 3.033333
6 3.023809
7 3.0178571
8 3.013888
9 3.0111111
10 3.009090
11 3.007576
12 3.0064102
13 3.005494
14 3.0047619
15 3.0041666
16 3.003676
17 3.003267
18 3.002923
19 3.002631
20 3.002380

From the table, when n become larger, we can know that sequence approach to 3.
Hence, lim 3+
n→∞ ( 1
n ( n+ 1 ) )
=3.
The sequence of the partial sums, S1 , S 2 , S3 , … , S 20 is calculate as below

{ }
∞
n 1
Sn= 3+
n ( n+1 ) n=1

1 3.5
2 6.666666
3 9.749999
4 12.799999
5 15.833332
6 18.857141
7 21.8749981
8 24.8888861
9 27.8999972
10 30.9090872
11 33.9166632
12 36.9230734
13 39.9285674
14 42.9333293
15 45.9374959
16 48.9411719
17 51.9444389
18 54.9473619
19 57.9499929
20 60.9523729
 { }
∞
1
The graph of Sn= 3+ is plotted as below
n ( n+1 ) n=1

Sn

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

n
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

{ }
∞
1
Based on the graph, the line Sn= 3+ is increasing to infinity. Hence, the
n ( n+1 ) n=1
series is divergent.
 ∞ ∞
Consider an infinite sequence { e n }n=1and its corresponding infinite series{ e n }n=1

. n ∞
{e n }n=1

1 2.718281
2 7.389056
3 20.085536
4 54.59815003
5 148.413159
6 403.42879
7 1096.63381
8 2980.95798
9 8103.08392
10 22026.46579
11 59874.14172
12 162754.7914
13 442413.392
14 1202604.284
15 3269017.327
16 8886110.521
17 24154952.75
18 65659969.14
19 17842301
20 485165195.4

From the table, when n become larger, we can know that sequence increasing to
infinity. Hence, lim ( e )=∞.
n

n→∞
The sequence of the partial sums, S1 , S 2 , S3 , … , S 20 is calculate as below

∞
n Sn= { en }n =1

1 2.718281
2 10.107337
3 30.192873
4 84.79102303
5 233.204182
6 636.632972
7 1733.266782
8 4714.224762
9 12817.30868
10 34843.77447
11 94717.91619
12 257472.7076
13 699886.0996
14 1902490.384
15 5171507.711
16 14057618.23
17 38212570.98
18 103872540.1
19 121714841.1
20 606880036.5
 ∞
The graph of Sn= { en }n =1 is plotted as below

Sn

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

n
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

∞
Based on the graph, the line Sn= { en }n =1 is increasing to infinity. Hence, the series is
divergent.
CONCLUSION
Based on the graph obtain, when the limit of the series approaches to a real number,
we can conclude that it is convergent behavior. While when the limit of the series does not
exist or equal to infinity, it is divergent series.