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Prelecture Assignment #4. 2D Motion

The document outlines concepts of 2D motion, specifically projectile motion and uniform circular motion. It includes equations for the trajectory, range, and maximum height of a projectile, as well as the position and velocity of a particle in circular motion. The document provides mathematical derivations and relationships between the variables involved in these motions.

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6 views2 pages

Prelecture Assignment #4. 2D Motion

The document outlines concepts of 2D motion, specifically projectile motion and uniform circular motion. It includes equations for the trajectory, range, and maximum height of a projectile, as well as the position and velocity of a particle in circular motion. The document provides mathematical derivations and relationships between the variables involved in these motions.

Uploaded by

이준상
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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preLecture Assignment #4.

Chapter 4. 2D motion

D. Cho
March 8, 2022

1. Let us consider a projectile motion shown in Fig. 1. Initial velocity is v0 with an angle θ
from the horizontal axis. There is no acceleration along the x axis, but −g along the y axis.
The projectile is thrown from the origin at t = 0.

FIG. 1:

(1) Using the results from the preLecture Assignment #2, show that

x(t) = v0 cos θ t, (1)


1
y(t) = v0 sin θ t − gt2 . (2)
2
(2) By eliminating t, show that the trajectory of the projectile is parabolic:
g
y = tan θ x − x2 . (3)
2v02 cos2 θ
(3) Show that the range along the x axis is
v02 sin(2θ)
xmax = . (4)
g
(4) When v0 is constant, but you can change θ, what is the value of θ that maximizes the
horizontal range?
(5) Show that the maximum height is
v02 sin2 θ
ymax = . (5)
2g

1
2. Let us consider a uniform circular motion of a particle shown in Fig. 2. Radius of the
circle is R and the angular velocity is constant at ω0 . An angular velocity is defined as

dθ(t)
ω(t) = , (6)
dt

with the angle θ(t) as shown in the figure. At t = 0, the particle is at (r, 0).

FIG. 2:

(1) Show that

x(t) = R cos ω0 t, (7)


y(t) = R sin ω0 t. (8)

(2) Show that

vx (t) = −Rω0 sin ω0 t, (9)

vy (t) = Rω0 cos ω0 t. (10)

(3) Show that ~r(t) and ~v (t) are perpendicular. I.e.

~r(t) · ~v (t) = 0. (11)

(4) Show that


~a(t) = −Rω02 r̂(t). (12)

Note that it is pointing toward the origin, and hence the name, a centripetal acceleration.

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