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sensor

The document outlines the differences between control and monitoring processes, emphasizing that control involves active adjustments based on sensor data while monitoring simply reports data without changes. It describes the use of temperature and humidity sensors in car air conditioning systems, highlighting the role of microprocessors and positive feedback in maintaining desired conditions. Additionally, it explains how pH and pressure sensors are utilized in greenhouse and traffic light systems to optimize conditions and manage flow based on continuous data analysis.

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shauryashah00
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7 views

sensor

The document outlines the differences between control and monitoring processes, emphasizing that control involves active adjustments based on sensor data while monitoring simply reports data without changes. It describes the use of temperature and humidity sensors in car air conditioning systems, highlighting the role of microprocessors and positive feedback in maintaining desired conditions. Additionally, it explains how pH and pressure sensors are utilized in greenhouse and traffic light systems to optimize conditions and manage flow based on continuous data analysis.

Uploaded by

shauryashah00
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sensor sample questions

Activity 3.5 1a

Describe the main differences between control and monitoring of a process.

Control: Monitoring:
sensors used to collect data to send to sensors used to collect data to send to
a microprocessor a microprocessor
sensor data is compared to sensor data is compared to
stored/pre-set data stored/pre-set data
the output affects the next set of no actual changes to the process are
inputs made
microprocessor sends signals to results of data comparison are
actuators to operate valves, motors shown on a screen/printed out or an
and switches alarm is activated
Activity 3.5
1B
Describe how the sensors and microprocessor would be used to control the air
conditioning unit in the car. Name at least two different sensors that might be used
and explain the role of positive feedback in your description.
temperature /humidity

● temperature and humidity sensors are used


● both sensors constantly send data to a microprocessor
● the data is converted to digital, if necessary, using an ADC
● the temperature levels are set by the user…..
….humidity levels are set at the factory
● If the temperature sensor reading > set temperature, the
microprocessor will send a signal to an actuator…..
….to switch on the air conditioning unit
● If the temperature sensor reading <= the set temperature, the
microprocessor will send a signal to an actuator..
….to switch off the air conditioning unit
temperature /humidity

● if the humidity sensor reading >factory set value, the microprocessor


will send a signal to an actuator…to switch on the air conditioning unit
● if the humidity sensor reading the factory setting AND temperature
sensor reading < =the set temperature
● the microprocessor will send a signal to an actuator to switch off the
air conditioning unit
● the process is continuous
Activity 3.5
2
Look at Figure 3.54 and describe how the pH sensor would be used to control the
acidity levels in the soil to optimise growing conditions in the greenhouse.
2 answer

● pH sensors send data back to microprocessor


● data changed to digital if necessary (using ADC)
● If pH < stored value, then the microprocessor sends signals to
actuators...
... to open valve to add alkaline solution to soil
● if pH > stored value, then microprocessor sends signals to actuators
... to open valve to add acidic solution to soil
● if pH = stored value, then microprocessor sends signals to actuators…..
... to close all valves
● the process is continuous
3readings taken from pressure and temperature sensors
readings changed to digital if necessary (using ADC) readings are sent to microprocessor
if temperature > stored value, microprocessor sends signal to actuators...
to open water valves
if temperature <= stored value, microprocessor sends signals to actuators...
... to close water valves
if pressure >= stored value, microprocessor sends signals to actuators
to close CO2 gas valves
if pressure < stored value, microprocessor sends signals to actuators...
.. open CO2 gas valves
monitoring/control is continuous
● Pressure sensors in all four roads at junction used to detect vehicles
approaching lights in all directions
● data is sent back to a microprocessor
● number of vehicles approaching each set of traffic lights is calculated by
the microprocessor based on sensor data
● generated data is compared to a data model stored in the microprocessor
system
● signals sent by the microprocessor to alter light sequences as required
● monitoring of roads is a continuous process

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