Computer

Computer fundamental

- Fill in the Blanks**

1. A computer is an _____ device that processes data.

2. The four main functions of a computer are ____, ____, ____, and ____.

3. The _____ component is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations in a
computer.

4. A computer system is made up of ____ and ____.

5. The _____ is considered the brain of the computer.

6. _____ refers to the physical components of a computer system.

7. _____ is a type of software that manages the hardware of a computer.

8. The main memory of a computer is divided into ____ and ____.

9. _____ is the temporary storage that holds data while the computer is running.

10. A _____ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.

11. An _____ device allows data to be entered into the computer.

12. The _____ unit controls the operations of the computer by coordinating tasks.

13. The speed of a computer is measured in _____.

14. _____ memory is non-volatile and retains information even when the power is off.

15. The _____ is responsible for processing data and executing instructions.

16. _____ devices display the results of the computer's processing.

17. A _____ converts data into a form that the computer can understand.

18. The _____ performs all logical operations such as comparison.

19. The storage unit is used to _____ data for future use.

20. A _____ stores data permanently.

21. The _____ provides the necessary power supply to a computer system.

22. Data is processed in the CPU in units called _____.

23. _____ is a type of memory used to store frequently accessed data.

24. A computer's memory size is measured in units such as ____, ____, and _____.
25. A _____ is used to point to objects and interact with the user interface of the computer.

26. The _____ allows users to print documents from the computer.

27. _____ is used to access the internet on a computer.

28. An example of an output device is a _____.

29. The _____ allows data to be transferred from one computer to another.

30. _____ is the process of starting or restarting a computer.

31. The _____ bus carries data within the computer.

32. A _____ printer uses ink to produce text and images on paper.

33. _____ is a common operating system used in computers.

34. A _____ is an example of a secondary storage device.

35. The _____ allows the user to type data into the computer.

36. A _____ is used to capture images and transfer them to the computer.

37. The _____ unit is also known as the heart of the computer.

38. _____ software is necessary for basic functions like running applications and managing files.

39. _____ memory can be written to only once, but can be read many times.

40. A _____ is a portable storage device commonly used for transferring data.

41. A _____ system is a collection of computers connected together to share resources.

42. The _____ monitor is an output device that displays images and text.

43. _____ software is designed to help users perform specific tasks.

44. _____ is a high-speed internet connection technology.

45. A _____ is a small chip that stores firmware.

46. _____ memory loses its content when the power is turned off.

47. _____ allows multiple users to access a computer system simultaneously.

48. _____ stores data in the form of electromagnetic signals.

49. A _____ is used to record audio and input it into the computer.

50. The _____ is a type of computer memory used for temporarily holding data being processed.

51. _____ memory is often referred to as the computer's short-term memory.

52. _____ is a wireless communication technology used for short-range data exchange.

53. _____ is a port commonly used to connect peripherals to a computer.

54. A _____ is a device used for video conferencing and online communication.

55. _____ is the main software that manages all other software on a computer.

56. _____ is a data storage device that uses solid-state memory to store data persistently.

57. The _____ unit is responsible for fetching, decoding, and executing instructions.

58. _____ is an expansion card that allows computers to communicate over a network.

59. _____ refers to programs designed to perform malicious actions on a computer.

60. The _____ port is used to connect external monitors and projectors to the computer.

Short questions

What is the full form of CPU?

Define a computer.

Name two types of software.

What does ROM stand for?

What is the main function of the ALU?

Name two input devices.

Define operating system.

What is hardware?

Name one example of system software.

What is an output device?

What is the function of RAM in a computer?

Which device is known as the brain of the computer?

What does GUI stand for?

What is the full form of ASCII?

Name two types of printers.

Define a byte.

What is a supercomputer?

Which part of the computer is responsible for storing data?

What is an example of an application software?

Define a peripheral device.

Which window support touch screen

Long questions

Define the following terms : Data, information, Hardware, software, input, output, processing storage

Write different types of input device and explain any 2

Write types of mouse

Write any 5 pointing devices

What is mother board

Write all the component inside the System unit

Write 4 output devices and explain any 1

Write types of printer

Write 7 storage devices and explain any 2

What's cloud storage

Write difference between of the flowing : printer and plotter, printer and scanner, hard disk and pen
drive, ram and rom, input and output

Write full forms of the following

ALU

CPU

OCR

RAM

ROM

SMPS

DC

VDU

CRT

LCD

CD

CD R

CD RW
OPERATING SYSTEM

Fill in the Blanks (40 Marks)

1. A software that controls the overall activity of a computer is called the ____.

2. The operating system resides on the computer's ____.

3. The process of starting or restarting a computer is called ____.

4. Each time you boot a computer, the operating system files are loaded into the ____.

5. The operating system manages data and instructions in ____ and information stored on the disk.

6. The operating system provides a ____ for higher-level functions.

7. Without an ____ a computer is useless.

8. The ____ is the first thing loaded onto the computer when it is turned on.

9. The process of booting involves copying files from the hard disk to the ____.

10. The operating system plays an important role in ____ between the user and the computer.

11. The operating system manages external and internal ____ and input/output devices.

12. A ____ is an activity or operation that a processor performs.

13. The operating system schedules tasks on a ____ basis.

14. The job of the operating system is to load data and instructions into ____.

15. When a program is closed, the operating system clears the ____ allocated to that program.

16. Earlier, operating systems were ____-dependent.

17. A ____-independent operating system can run on computers made by various manufacturers.

18. A ____ operating system is designed for one user to use a computer at a time.

19. A ____ operating system allows a single user to run multiple applications at the same time.

20. A ____ operating system allows multiple users to use the system simultaneously.

21. In a ____ processing operating system, data is collected and processed in batches.

22. A ____ operating system guarantees certain capabilities within a specified time frame.

23. ____ is a multitasking operating system available only for computers manufactured by Apple.

24. ____ is a free open-source operating system.

25. A ____ operating system is designed specifically to support a network.

26. Windows Server ____ is an upgrade to Windows Server 2008.

27. ____ is the most widely used server operating system on the Internet.

28. ____ is a version of UNIX developed by Sun Microsystems.

29. Novell's ____ is a server operating system designed for client/server networks.

30. An ____ operating system is used on mobile devices and resides on a ROM chip.

31. ____ is an operating system from Microsoft designed for smartphones and PDAs.

32. ____ OS is a mobile operating system initially developed by Palm Inc.

33. ____ OS is an operating system developed by Apple for the iPhone and iPod touch.

34. ____ OS is a multitasking operating system designed for smartphones.

35. ____ is a popular version of Linux that comes with the GNOME desktop environment.

36. ____ is a server version of UNIX designed for e-commerce applications.

37. The ____ interface introduced in Windows 8 is built for touch.

38. ____ is a mobile operating system developed by Google for mobile devices.

39. ____ OS provides PIM capabilities such as managing schedules and contacts.

40. ____ OS features advanced Mac graphics and virtual memory management.

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### Test: Short Questions (20 Marks)

1. What is the main job of an operating system?

2. Explain the booting process.

3. How does the operating system manage resources on a computer?

4. What is the role of the operating system in task scheduling?

5. What is memory management in an operating system?

6. What is the difference between a device-dependent and a device-independent operating system?

7. What is a single-user multitasking operating system?

8. Give examples of a multi-user operating system.

9. What is a batch processing operating system?

10. What is a real-time operating system (RTOS)?

11. What is the significance of a stand-alone operating system?

12. What is the difference between a client operating system and a server operating system?

13. What are some examples of server operating systems?

14. What are the features of Windows Server 2012?

15. Why is UNIX considered the most widely used server operating system on the Internet?

16. What is Solaris, and for what purpose is it used?

17. What are embedded operating systems, and where are they used?

18. What features does iPhone OS offer for its users?

19. Explain the purpose of Google Android.

20. What are the key features of Symbian OS?

1. The average computer user does not find much about the ___ that can occur.

2. At failure, repair can be costly as well as ___.

3. “Take good care of your ___, and it will take good care of you.”

4. ___ measures can be taken for computer maintenance.

5. Cleaning your computer will make it ___, cleaner, and crash less.

6. Clean the computer every ___ months if it's in a clean environment.

7. Clean the computer every ___ months if it's in an industrial environment.

8. Use a ___ to suck up dirt, dust, or hair around the computer.

9. Turn off the ___ before cleaning any component.

10. Never eat or drink around the ___.

11. A ___ is used when wiping a computer component.

12. It is best to use ___ or rubbing alcohol to moisten a cloth.

13. A portable ___ is effective in removing dust from the computer.

14. Use ___ swabs for cleaning hard-to-reach areas in the keyboard.

15. Always use ___ swabs rather than paper towels.

16. External maintenance is related to ___ devices.

17. ___ maintenance is associated with memory and software.

18. Dust can slow down ___ inside the computer.

19. Dust buildup can cause the computer's ___ to rise to dangerous levels.

20. Compressed ___ is recommended to remove dust from ventilation parts.

21. Ensure all ___ are firmly attached to their connectors.

22. A malfunctioning mouse will cause the pointer to ___ across the screen.

23. Do not apply ___ on the mouse’s LED or lens.

24. Turn the keyboard ___ down to remove crumbs.

25. Compressed ___ can help clean a keyboard effectively.

26. A ___ screen requires careful cleaning with a dry cloth.

27. Improper shutdowns leave ___ files on the hard disk.

28. Use a disk ___ program to remove unneeded files.

29. A disk cleanup program ___ and analyses the hard drive.

30. Fragmentation causes errors and a bloated ___ disk.

31. Defragmentation organizes files stored in a ___ sequence.

32. Scan Disk repairs hard disk ___.

33. A disk scanner can detect and fix ___ allocation table errors.

34. A recovery drive can help troubleshoot and ___ from computer problems.

35. ___ your PC reinstalls a fresh copy of Windows 8.

36. A refreshed PC retains documents, ___, and other files.

37. Refreshing the PC does not save ___ programs.

38. A virus is a program written to ___ data.

39. Viruses can alter the ___ of the computer.

40. An antivirus program ___ a computer against viruses.

41. Run an antivirus scan regularly and keep it ___.

42. Disconnect from the ___ if a virus is suspected.

43. A system ___ backup protects against a failing hard drive.

44. A system image backup can ___ the computer easily after a crash.

45. To create a system image, type ___ recovery on the Start screen.

46. The system image can be backed up to a hard disk, DVDs, or a ___ location.

47. Always clean the computer using a ___ cloth.

48. Turn the mouse over and clean the bottom area using a ___ bud.

49. Dust can clog the ___ fan, leading to overheating.

50. Cleaning your PC can improve ___ performance.

51. Keeping cables ___ connected is important for the system.

52. Temporary files can affect hard disk ___.

53. Running a disk cleanup removes unnecessary ___.

54. Fragmentation affects the logical ___ of files.

55. Performing scan disk can detect and repair ___ errors.

56. Refreshing the PC can remove persistent ___.

57. Anti-virus programs protect your system from ___.

58. A ___ is created to restore the system after a crash.

59. Avoid ___ around the keyboard and mouse to prevent spills.

60. Clean the LCD screen using a ___ cloth.

61. Cleaning the computer every three months is needed in a ___ environment.

62. Preventive measures increase the ___ of the computer.

63. Ensure the ventilation parts are clear for better ___ flow.

64. Clean the monitor to avoid ___ strain.

65. Use ___ air to remove dust from fans.

66. Defragmentation should be done at least once a ___.

67. A scan disk removes unnecessary files and fixes ___.

68. Creating a recovery drive helps ___ from issues.

69. You can refresh your PC to remove corrupted ___.

70. Disconnect the computer from the internet if ___ is suspected.

71. Clean your mouse regularly to prevent ___ in pointer movement.

72. Dust and dirt are enemies of the PC’s ___.

73. Use compressed air to clean the ___ parts of your computer.

74. Refreshing your computer will reinstall ___ files.

75. A virus can alter the ___ system of the computer.

76. Anti-virus software should be regularly ___.

77. Create a backup using ___ recovery in Windows 8.

78. A system image wizard helps ___ your backup.

79. Hard disk fragmentation can cause file ___.

80. Clean your computer more often if someone ___ near it.

81. A cat or dog nearby can increase the need for ___.

82. Always check and clean the ___ of your computer.

83. Clean the ___ using a vacuum to remove dirt.

84. A damp cloth is used to clean the ___.

85. Keep the ___ of your system dry.

86. A neat ___ is important to avoid dust buildup.

87. Computer fans can clog with dust, causing ___.

88. A dirty ___ can affect pointer movement.

89. Cleaning a ___ monitor needs a special cloth.

90. Improper shutdown leaves ___ files on the system.

91. A disk cleanup removes unwanted ___ files.

92. Defragmenting helps arrange ___ files.

93. Perform a scan disk to remove ___ errors.

94. Create a recovery ___ for system troubleshooting.

95. A refreshed system reinstalls ___ files.

96. Regular ___ boosts the performance of your computer.

97. Cleaning tools include a portable ___, rubbing alcohol, and cloth.

98. Foam swabs are better than paper towels as they are ___-free.

99. A disk scanner searches for and ___ file errors.

100. Keeping a neat system reduces the risk of ___ buildup.

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### *40 Short Questions*

1. How often should you clean your computer in a clean office environment?

2. What is the role of preventive measures in computer maintenance?

3. Why should you avoid eating or drinking near the computer?

4. What should be used to wipe computer components?

5. How often should a computer in an industrial environment be cleaned?

6. What is the best substance to moisten a cloth for cleaning?

7. What is the function of a portable vacuum in computer cleaning?

8. Why is it important to turn off the computer before cleaning?

9. What should you avoid disconnecting when cleaning the back of the computer?

10. What can compressed air be used for?

11. How should the mouse be cleaned?

12. What happens when dust accumulates on the cooling fan?

13. How should a standard computer monitor be cleaned?

14. What does improper shutdown leave on the hard disk?

15. What is the purpose of a disk cleanup program?

16. How often should you defragment your hard disk?

17. What does the Scan Disk program do?

18. What should you create to recover from computer problems?

19. How does refreshing your PC help?

20. What kind of program protects a computer against viruses?

21. How can you recover a computer quickly after a crash?

22. How should you clean the LCD screen of a computer?

23. Why is compressed air useful for cleaning ventilation parts?

24. How can cleaning temp files improve computer performance?

25. What can be removed with a disk cleanup program?

26. How does defragmentation help the hard disk?

27. What does scan disk fix on a hard disk?

28. What happens if someone smokes near the computer?

29. How does cleaning the monitor help you?

30. What does a backup system image protect against?

31. How often should a disk be defragmented?

32. What kind of cleaning tools are recommended for hard-to-reach areas?

33. Why should you scan for viruses regularly?

34. What should you do when you suspect a virus in your computer?

35. How can a system image backup help after a crash?

36. What causes the computer to run slow due to improper shutdowns?

37. What does compressed air do to the computer's fans?

38. Why should the cables be firmly attached to connectors?

39. How does a clean keyboard affect computer performance?

40. Why should you use foam swabs instead of paper towels?

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### *20 Long Questions*

1. Discuss the importance of preventive measures in maintaining the performance of a computer.

2. Explain the process of cleaning the inside of a computer and its benefits.

3. How does dust and dirt affect the performance of a computer, and how can it be prevented?

4. Outline the steps for cleaning the keyboard after a spill.

5. Describe the method of cleaning a mouse and what happens if it’s not maintained.

6. What role does disk cleanup play in improving computer performance? Explain with examples.

7. Discuss the importance of defragmenting the hard disk and how it should be done.

8. How does a Scan Disk program work, and what errors does it

fix on a computer?

9. Why is it important to scan for viruses regularly, and what are the steps to follow if a virus is
detected?

10. What is a system image backup, and how does it help in the event of a system crash?
11. Describe the general cleaning tools recommended for cleaning a computer and peripherals.

12. How should a computer be maintained in a household with pets? Discuss the preventive
measures.

13. Explain the process of refreshing a PC and what is saved and removed during the process.

14. Why is overheating a problem for computers, and how can regular maintenance prevent it?

15. What are the steps involved in cleaning the monitor, and why is it important for user comfort?

16. How can improper shutdowns cause temporary files to build up, and how can this be avoided?

17. Discuss the advantages of performing a scan disk regularly.

18. Explain how a recovery drive can be used to troubleshoot computer problems.

19. Why should you keep all cables properly connected to the system during cleaning?

20. How does the environment in which a computer is located affect the frequency of cleaning and
maintenance required?

Computer

Ms Word chapter

Definations

1. Formatting text

2. Font

3. Font size

4. Bold, itallic and underline

5. Alignment and justification

6. Bullets and numbering

7. In line with text

8. Square

9. Right

10. Through
11. Top and bottom

12. Behind the text

13. In front of text

14. Wordart

15. Wrapping text

16. Clip art

Question

1. How wordart helps us

2. In what ways tables are used

3. Where do we find all the option of formatting

Steps

Inserting clip art

Drawing a table

Inserting wordart

Deleting rows and columns

Combining cells in a table

Setting cell margin

Splittinh the cell in a table

Ms Excel

### **Blanks**

1. Microsoft Excel 2010 is an __________ spreadsheet program.

2. Excel helps you enter numerical data into rows or __________.

3. Numerical entries in Excel can be used for __________, graphs, and statistical analysis.

4. The __________ bar shows the name of the current workbook.

5. The __________ Access Toolbar provides one-click access to frequently used commands.
6. The __________ is the control center in Excel.

7. Each __________ on the ribbon contains groups and commands.

8. The __________ tab displays commands like New, Open, and Save.

9. The formula bar is located below the __________.

10. Excel displays the active cell reference in the __________ box.

11. The __________ is a rectangular grid containing rows and columns.

12. Gridlines are the vertical and __________ lines on a worksheet.

13. The __________ cell is the currently selected cell.

14. The worksheet __________ are used to switch between sheets.

15. The __________ bar allows you to move the worksheet vertically or horizontally.

16. The __________ split box is located to the right of the worksheet tabs.

17. The __________ bar shows the progress of tasks and worksheet controls.

18. The mouse pointer becomes a __________ plus sign within the worksheet area.

19. Column heading buttons are used to select a __________.

20. Row heading buttons are used to select a __________.

21. To select a range of cells, click and __________ with the mouse.

22. The __________ feature allows you to move data.

23. Copying data allows you to __________ data without retyping.

24. To move data, you can __________ and drop with the mouse.

25. The default column width in Excel is __________ points.

26. The default row height in Excel is __________ points.

27. You can __________ cells, rows, or columns to add new data.

28. A new row is inserted __________ the selected row.

29. Clearing cell data __________ the contents but not the cell.

30. Deleting a row removes the __________ entirely.

31. The __________ box adjusts the view of sheet tabs.

32. Data can be moved within the same __________ or to another document.

33. The __________ heading buttons are used for selecting multiple rows.

34. Excel’s __________ View appears when the File tab is clicked.
35. The __________ in Excel helps in number crunching tasks.

36. A __________ formula can be copied from one cell to another.

37. Dragging across column headings selects multiple __________.

38. The __________ bar is located at the bottom of the worksheet window.

39. Gridlines can be __________ off to view a plain sheet.

40. Widening a __________ makes data more readable.

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### **Questions**

1. What type of program is Microsoft Excel 2010?

2. What are the primary uses of numerical entries in Excel?

3. Where is the title bar located in Excel?

4. What does the Quick Access Toolbar provide?

5. What are the components of the ribbon in Excel?

6. What commands are displayed in the Backstage View?

7. What is the formula bar used for?

8. Where is the Name box located?

9. How is a worksheet organized in Excel?

10. What do gridlines do in a worksheet?

11. What is the function of the active cell?

12. How can you switch between different worksheets?

13. What is the purpose of the scroll bar?

14. What does the status bar display?

15. How can you move or copy data in Excel?

16. What is the default column width and row height in Excel?

17. How can you insert a new row in a worksheet?

18. What is the difference between clearing cell data and deleting a cell?
19. What is the use of the tab split box?

20. How can you adjust the appearance of gridlines in Excel?

Steps of

Deleting a column

Inserting a cell

Saving a workbook

Adjusting the column width

Adding a worksheet