Samagra Shiksha, Education Department, UT Chandigarh

1
 FORWARD
Samagra Shiksha, Education Department, UT Chandigarh has
prepared Teachers’ handbook based on leaning Outcomes at Elementary
level in Hindi, English, Mathematics, EVS, Science & Social Science.

This Handbook will enable the teachers to ascertain learning skills

more accurately in these subjects. While making the document it has been
ensured that the learning need of the children with different learning level-
pre Basic, Basic, Proficient & Advanced, are being catered & the academic
progress of the students can be monitored by Faculty Incharges, Cluster
Resource Coordinators & further by Head of the school.

The material in the document can be used as an assessment tool for

Elementary classes & to keep a track of achievement of the learning level.

Teachers’ handbook will not only help teachers to focus on teaching

learning process but also facilitate State functionaries in their role towards
ensuring quality education in schools

To make it user-friendly, simple language has been used as far as

possible across the document. To help the teacher understand and achieve
the learning outcomes as per the curricular expectations.

This document includes list of learning outcomes (with labeling) and

progress sheet for monitoring/ tracking of the progress of the students.

Question prepared in this document are only suggestive for

teachers. The teacher can modify these tools as per the need.

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 ABOUT THE DOCUMENT
This question bank might prove an effective tool in the hands of
the educators & evaluators. It aims at assisting teachers to assess and improve the
performance of the learners.

Some features of the documents are as follows:

* Proper care has been taken to cover all the learning outcomes.
* The questions have been framed focusing upon the learner’s mathematical
thinking, reasoning and hence ability to solve daily life problems.
* The teacher can make relevant changes in question bank according to the needs
of different levels of learners.
* It provides enrichment material & remedial material for different level of
learners.
RESORURCE GROUP
1. Mr. Rakesh Sood (Principal) GMSSS Sector 28 D, Chd
2. Ms. Gurpreet Kaur (TGT Maths) GMSSS Sector 23, Chd.
3. Ms. Abha Kumar (TGT Maths) GMSSS Sector 19, Chd.
4. Ms. Hemlata (TGT Maths) GMSSS Sector 21, Chd.
5. Ms. Jyoti Sharma (TGT Maths) GMSSS Sector 15, Chd.
6. Mr. Kapil Mohan Sood (TGT Maths) GHS Sector 53, Chd.
7. Ms Navneet (JBT) GMSSS MHC, MM, Chd.

8. Mr. Gulshan Kumar (JBT) GPS Mauli Complex, Chd.

9. Mr. Harish Kumar (JBT) GMSSS Sector 28 D, Chd.
10. Ms. Neelam Sharma (CRCC)
11. Mr. Vikram (CRCC)
12. Ms. Neena Rana (CRCC)
13.Ms. Renu Singla (CRCC)

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 VIII – MATHEMATICS
MONTH WISE BIFURCATION OF CHAPTERS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
April May June July August September October November December January February March
Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter
1 3 6 8 9 10 15 11

2 4 7 14 12 16 13
SUMMER BREAK

EXAMINATION
EXAMINATION

REVISION
5
L.O L.O L.O L.O L.O L.O L.O L.O
12 10 17
1 4 7 14 3
13 & 18
2 16 9 15 19
REVISION

6 20 8 5 11
21

Remarks : A little bit variation in achieving Learning Outcomes (Month wise) can
be made according to convenience of the concerned teacher.

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 LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. generalises properties of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of
rational numbers through patterns.
2. finds out as many rational numbers as possible between two given rational
numbers.
3. proves divisibility rules of 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 9 and 11
4. finds squares, cubes and square roots and cube roots of numbers using
different methods.
5. solves problems with integral exponents.
6. solves puzzles and daily life problems using variables.
7. multiplies algebraic expressions e.g expands (2x-5)(3x2 +7).
8. uses various algebric identities in solving problems of daily life
9. applies the concept of per cent in profit and loss situation in finding discount,
VAT and compound interest. e.g. calculates discount per cent when marked
price and actual discount are given or finds profit per cent when cost price and
profit in a transaction are given.
10. Solves problems based on direct and inverse proportions.
11. Solves problems related to angles of a quadrilateral using angle sum property.
12. verifies properties of parallelograms and establishes the relationship between
them through reasoning.
13. represents 3D shapes on a plane surface such as sheet of paper, black board
etc. verifies Euler’s relation through pattern constructs different quadrilaterals
using compasses and straight edge.
14. estimates the area of shapes like trapezium and other polygons by using square
grid/graph sheet and verifies using formulas.
15. finds the area of a polygon.
16. finds surface area and volume of cuboidal and cylindrical object.
17. draws and interprets bar charts and pie charts.
18. makes hypotheses on chances of future events on the basis of its earlier
occurrences or available data like , after repeated throws of dice and coins.

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 PROGRESS SHEET
Name of the School …………………… Class VIII (Mathematics) Name of the teacher ………………
Achievement level as per learning outcomes
(Grading :- A/B/C/D)
A- Beyond the expected standard
B- Approached the expected standard
C- Approaching the expected standard
D- not meeting the expected standard

Roll Name of April May July August

No. student CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 CH5 CH6 CH7 CH8
LO1 LO2 LO 6 LO 12 LO13 LO 16 LO 20 LO 21 LO 4 LO 10

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 PROGRESS SHEET
Name of the School …………………… Class VIII (Mathematics) Name of the teacher ………………
Achievement level as per learning outcomes
(Grading :- A/B/C/D)
A- Beyond the expected standard
B- Approached the expected standard
C- Approaching the expected standard
D- not meeting the expected standard

Roll Name of OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY

No. student CH 9 CH 14 CH 10 CH12 CH 15 CH 16 CH 11 CH 13
LO 7 LO 8 L0 9 LO 14 LO 15 LO 5 LO 3 LO 17 LO 18 LO 19 LO 11

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 MONTH : APRIL

CHAPTER -1 : RATIONAL NUMBERS

L.O (I) : Generalise properties of addition, subtraction,

multiplication and division of rational numbers
through patterns.

1. The sum of two rational numbers is -5. If one of them is , then find the other.
2. Out of 48 m of cloth, 16 skirts can be made of equal sizes. How much cloth is required to

make one skirt?

3. i) Which rational number is its own additive inverse ?

ii) Which rational number is its own multiplicative inverse ?

4. 6 ÷ 2 (1 +2) = ?

a) 9 b) 1

5. 1+1+1+1+1+1+1X 0 +1 =?

-7 5
6. Multiply 19 by reciprocal of 13 .

7. Simplify

-7 15 1 1 1
(a) (18 X -7 )-(1X 4 )+ (2 X 4 )

8 -32 16 7
(b) [ 21 ÷ ( 39 ÷13 )]x 4

*******

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 MONTH : APRIL

CHAPTER -1 : RATIONAL NUMBERS

L.O (2) : Finds out a many rational numbers as possible

between two given rational numbers.

1. Find five rational number between 5 and -5.

2. Find three rational number between 4 and 5.

2 3
3. Find five rational number between 3 and 4 .

-3 5
4. Find six rational number between 4 and 6 .

-3 -1
5. Find six rational number between 5 and 5 .

*******

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 MONTH : APRIL

CHAPTER -2 : LINEAR EQUATION IN ONE VARIABLE

L.O (6) : Solves puzzles and daily life problems using

variables.

1. Solve 2y + 9 = 4

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2. Solve 4 - 7 x = 9

4. Two numbers are in the ratio 5 : 8. If sum of numbers is 182, find

the numbers.

5. The sum of three consecutive numbers add upto 36. Find the

numbers.

6. The ages of Ram and Rahim are in ration 5 : 7. Four years later,

the sum of their ages will be 56 years. What are their present

ages?

7. Solve 15 (y-4) -2 (y-9) +5 (y +9) = 0

8. A number whose seventh part exceeds its eighth part by 1. Find

the number.
*******

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 MONTH : MAY
CHAPTER -3 : UNDERSTANDING QUADRILATERALS
L.O (12) : Solve problems related to angles of a
quadrilateral using angle sum property.

1.
Find x.

2. Angles of quadrilateral are in ratio 3: 5: 7: 9. Find the measure of each of the

angles.

3. Three angles of uadrilateral are e ual and measure of fourth angle is . Find

the measure of each of these equal angles.

4.

Find (i) x, y, z, w

( (ii) x + y + z + w

5. Find the number of sides of regular polygon whose exterior angle has a measure

of .

*******

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MONTH : MAY

CHAPTER -3 : UNDERSTANDING QUADRILATERALS

L.O (13) : Verifies properties of II gm and establishes the

relationship between them through reasoning.

1. In the adjoining
figure, ABCD is a
parallelogram in
which ∠A =75 . Find
the measure of each
of the angles ∠B, ∠C
and ∠D.

2. Find x & y in the given

figure RUNS
(Parallelogram).

3. The ratio of two of a IIgm is 4:3. If its perimeter is 56 cm,

find the length of sides.

4. Find the value of x, y, z

in the given parallelogram.

5. Two adjacent angles of a parallelogram are (3x-4) &

(3x +16) . Find the value of x and hence find the measure of
each of its angles.

6. Sum of two opposite angles of a parallelogram is 130 . Find

the measure of each angle of parallelogram.

*******

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 MONTH : MAY

CHAPTER -4 : PRACTICAL GEOMETRY

L.O (16) : Constructs different quadrilaterals using

compass and straight edge.

1. Construct following quadrilateral (JUMP)

JU = 3.5 cm, UM = 4cm, MP = 5cm, PJ = 4.5 cm, PU = 6.5 cm

2. Rhombus BEND ;- BN = 5.6cm , DE = 6.5cm

3. Parallelogram HEAR :- HE = 5cm , EA = 6cm, ∠R = 85

4. Quadrilateral TRUE :- TR = 3.5 cm, RU = 3cm, UE = 4cm,

∠R = 75 ∠U = 120

*******

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 MONTH : MAY

CHAPTER -5 : DATA HANDLING

L.O (20) : Draw and interprets bar charts and pie charts.

1. In a study of number of road accidents in a city , the

observations for the 30 days of April 2003, were :

4, 3, 5, 6, 4, 3, 2, 5, 4, 2, 6, 1, 2, 2, 0, 5, 4, 6, 1, 3, 0, 5, 3, 6, 1, 5, 5, 2, 6, 4

(i) Prepare a frequency distribution table ,

(ii) Bar graph

2. Pulse rate (per minute) of 30 persons were recorded as :

61, 76, 72, 73, 71, 66, 78, 73, 68, 81, 78, 63, 72, 75, 80, 68, 75, 62, 71, 81, 73, 60, 79, 72, 73,

74, 71, 64, 76, 71

(i) Construct a frequency table using class – intervals of equal width (60-65).
(ii) Construct bar graph.

3. On a particular day, the sales (in rupees) of different items are given below :-

Banana : 320
Apple : 80
Grapes : 160
Mango : 120
Orange : 40
Total : 720

Draw a pie chart for the given data.

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4. Adjoining pie chart gives expenditure (in percentage) on various items and savings of a family
during a month.

(i) On which item the expenditure was

maximum?

(ii) Expenditure on which item is equal to the

total savings of family?

(iii) If monthly savings of family is Rs. 3000/-

what is monthly expenditure on clothes?

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 MONTH : MAY

CHAPTER -5 : DATA HANDLING

L.O (21) : Makes hypothesis on chances of future events

on the basis of its earlier occurrences on
available data like after repeated throws of dice
& coins.

1. A coin is flipped to decide which team starts the game. What is

the probability that your team wins? Give reason- why a coin is
tossed to start the game?

2. A bag contains 5 white , 6 red and 5 green balls. One ball is

drawn at random. What is the probability that the ball drawn is :

(i) green (ii) white (iii) non –red

3. A die is thrown at random. Find the probability of getting :

(i) 2, (ii) a number less than 3 (iii) a composite number

(iv) a number not less than 4 (v) an even number

4. A card is drawn at random from a well- shuffled deck of 52

cards. Find the probability that the card drawn is

(i) an ace (ii) a red card (iii) a heart of spade

(iv) a black king (v) a card of club (vi) a card of 2

5. List all outcomes when two coins are tossed simultaneously.

******

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 MONTH : JULY

CHAPTER - 6 : SQUARE & SUQARE ROOTS

CHAPTER – 7 : CUBE & CUBE ROOTS

L.O (4) : Finds squares, cubes and square roots and cube
roots of numbers using different methods.

1. Find square root of 1764.

2. Find square root of 1.96

3. Find the least number which must be subtracted from 2509 to

make it a perfect square.

4. What least number must be added to 526 to make it perfect

square.

7. By what least number should 1536 be divided to get a perfect

cube.

******

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 MONTH : AUGUST

CHAPTER – 8 : COMPARING QUANTITIES

L.O (10) : Applies the concept of percent in profit and loss

situations in finding discount, VAT and compound
interest. eg. calculate, discount percent when marked
piece and actual discount are given or finds profit
percent when cost price and profit in a transaction are
given.

1. The marked price of a book is Rs. 100. The shopkeeper gives 25%

discount on it. What is the sale price of the book?

2. Sapna purchased a cycle for Rs. 1000 and sold it for Rs. 1200.

Find her gain %.

1
3. The fraction converted to percentage is
4

a) 12 % b) 25 % c) 8% d) 16%

4. Convert the ratio 3: 4 to percentage.

5. Ranbir bought a T.V. for Rs. 13500. If 8% VAT/GST is included

in the price, find the original price of T.V.

6. Kareena borrows Rs. 12500 at 12% per annum for 3 years at

simple interest and Radha borrows the same amount for the same

time period at 10% per annum compound annually. Who pays

more interest and by how much?

******

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 MONTH : OCOTOBER

CHAPTER – 9 : ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION & IDENTITIES

L.O (7) : Multiplies Algebraic Expression.

1. Find the product : (i) m, 2m, 6m, 3

(ii) xy, -xy, 2xyz

2. Find the product : (i) a, - a2, a3

(ii) 0, 3x, -2x, -4x2
4x
3. Find the area of rectangle whose sides are and 15 y.
5

4. Find the volume of cuboid whose sides are xy, 2x2y, 2xy2

5. The product of two polynomials is -15 x2y. If one of the

polynomial is -5x, find the other polynomial.

6. Find the product of (i) pq + qr + rp, 0

-10 pq3 6 p3q
(ii) ( )X( )
3 5

*******

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 MONTH : AUGUST

CHAPTER – 9 : ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION & IDENTITIES

CHAPTER -14 : FACTORISATION

L.O (8) : Expands (2x-5) (3x2 +7)

1. (i) Find the product a-b, 7a2b2

(ii) Simplify (x2 -5) (x + 5) +25

2. (i) Simplify (a + b) (c-d) + (a-b) (c+ d) + 2 (ac +bd)

(ii) Simplify (a +b) (2a -3b +c) – (2a -3b) c

3. (i) Add p(p-q) , q(q-r), r(r-p)

(ii) Subtract 3l (l -4m + 5n) from 4 l (10n –3m + 2 l)

4. (i) Factorise 4x2 – 8x +4

(ii) Factorise x2 – 9

5. (i) Simplify (10x -25) ÷ (2x -5)

(ii) Simplify 5pq (p2 – q2) ÷ 2p (p +q)

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 MONTH : AUGUST

CHAPTER – 9 : ALGEBRIC EXPRESSION & IDENTITIES

L.O (9) : uses variables in solving problems in daily life.

1. Rahim has garden of square shape with side (2x +5) m. Find the
area of his garden.
D C

A B

2. Simplify (i) (2x +5 )2 – (2x -5)2

3 2 3
(ii) (5x2 + y ) (5x2 - y2)
4 4

3. Evaluate (i) (2a +

2 2
a
) 2
(ii) (2a -5)

4. Find the area of black board with dimensions (32 x + 4y)m and

(23 x - 4y)m

5. Using identity, find (i) 712 (ii) 78 X 82 (ii) 512 – 492

Cost = Rs. x2-xy-y2 Cost = Rs. 2x2+8x –2y2 Cost = Rs. x2 +3xy+4y2

How much amount Reena should pay to buy all these items?

********

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 MONTH : NOVEMBER
CHAPTER – 10 : VISUALISING SOLID SHAPES
L.O (14) Represents 3 D shapes on a plane surface such
as a sheet of paper, blackboard etc.
1. Match the following :
Shape Type of shape Name of shape

3- dimensional Sphere

2- dimensional Cylinder

3- dimensional Square

2- dimensional Circle

3- dimensional cuboid

3- dimensional Cube

2- dimensional Cone

3- dimensional Triangle

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2. Complete the following table :
S.No. Name of the solid Number of faces Number of Number of edges
vertices
1 Cuboid
6 8 12
2 Cube

3 Triangular Pyramid

4 Triangular Prism

5 Pyramid with
square base

6 Prism with square

base

3. Draw top view and side view of the given object :

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 MONTH : NOVEMBER
CHAPTER – 10 : VISUALISING SOLID SHAPES
L.O (15) : Verifies Euler’s relation through pattern.

1. Write Euler’s relation for 3- dimensional figure.

2. A polyhedron has 20 faces and 12 vertices. Find the number of

edges of polyhedron,

3. Using Euler’s formula, find

Faces ? 5 20

Vertices 6 ? 12

Edges 12 9 ?

4. Can a polyhedron have 10 faces, 20 edges and 15 vertices ?

******

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 MONTH : NOVEMBER
CHAPTER – 12 : Exponents & Powers
L.O (5) : Solves problem with integral exponents.

1. Find the value of (i) ( 30 + 4-1) X 22

(ii) (3-1 + 4-1 + 5-1) 0

3. Simplify 3-5 X 10-5 x 125

5-7 X 6-5

4. Find the value of m if 5m +5-3 = 55

5. By what number (-6) -1 must be multiplied so that the product

becomes 9-1.

6. (i) Speed of light is 300,000,000 m/sec. Convert this expression

in standard form.

(ii) Express 5.8 X 10-12 in usual form.

******

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 MONTH : DECEMBER
CHAPTER – 15 : INTRODUCTION TO GRAPH
CHAPTER - 16 : PLYAING WITH NUMBERS
L.O (3) : Proves divisibility rules of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9 and 11.

1. If 31x5 is multiple of 3 where x is digit, then find the value of 3.

2. Find the value of z, for which the number 471z8 is divisible by 9,

where z is digit.

3. If the number 1372x413 is divisible by 11, where x is digit, find

the value of x.

4. Which of the following is divisible by 2

(i) 192 (ii) 917 (iii) 2398 (iv) 517921

5. Name the quadrant where, the following points lie.

(i) P(2,3) (ii) Q (2, -3) (iii) (-1,2) (iv) (-2, -3)

6. Write abscissa and ordinate of point P (5,7)

7. Donald Duck went to shop to buy candies. She bought15 candies

and paid Rs. 15. The shopkeeper told her that if she gives back 3
rappers, she will get a free candy. How many total candies will
she get for Rs. 15 ?

a) 15 b) 20 c) 25 d) 22

******

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 MONTH : JANUARY
CHAPTER – 11 : MENSURATION
L.O (17) : Estimates the area of shapes like trapezium
and other polygons by using square grid / graph
sheet and verify using formulas.

Find the area of the given figures using square grid and also verify
using formulas.

1. Fig 1 2. Fig 2 3. Fig 3 4. Fig 4

WEST MORE HOME HEAR

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 MONTH : JANUARY
CHAPTER – 11 : MENSURATION
L.O (18) : Find the area of polygon.

1. Find the area and perimeter of given figures.

2. Find the area and perimeter of Asha’s garden.

3. The diagonals of a rhombus are 7.5cm and 12cm. Find its area.

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4. Find the area of a rhombus whose side is 6 cm and whose
altitude is 4cm. If one of the diagonals is 8cm long, find the length
of the other diagonal.

5. Aman’s field is as shown below. He wants to grow pulses in his

field. Find the total area where he can grow the pulses?

Given that AF = 9cm, AG = 13cm, AH = 19cm, AD = 24cm,

BF = 6cm, CH = 8cm , EG = 9cm.

********

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 MONTH : JANUARY
CHAPTER – 11 : MENSURATION
L.O (11) : Find surface area and volume of cuboidal and
cylindrical objects.

1. Find the volume, the total surface area and the lateral surface
area of a cuboid which is 8m long, 6m broad and 3.5m high.

2. Find the volume, lateral surface are and total surface area oa a
cube each of whose sides measure 8cm.

3. Describe how the two figures given are alike & how they are
different. Which box has larger surface area?

4. A cuboid is of dimension 60cm X 54cm X 30 cm. How many

small cubes with side 6cm can be placed in the given cuboid?

5. The curved surface area of a cylinder is 4400cm2 &

circumference of base is 110cm, Find the volume of cylinder.
6. A road roller takes 750 complete revolutions to move once to level
a road. Find the area of the road if the diameter of the road roller
is 84cm & its length is 1m.

7. A bucket is in the form of cylinder. Rahul wants to paint its outer

surface. He also wants to fill it upto the brim. How much water it
can hold? How he can find?

********

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 MONTH : JANUARY
CHAPTER – 13 : DIRECT AND INVERSE PROPORTION
L.O (11) : solves problems based on direct and inverse
proportions.

1. If x and y are directly proportional, find the values of x1, x2 and y1

in the table given below :

x 3 x1 x2 10
y 36 60 96 y1

2. If x and y are inversely proportional, find the values of x1, x2 ,y1

and
y2 in the table given below :

x 8 x1 16 x2 80
y y1 4 5 2 y2

3. A machine in a soft drink factory fills 840 bottles in six hours.

How many bottles will it fill in five hours?

4. A farmer has enough food to feed 20 animals in his cattle for 6

days. How long would the food last if there were 10 more animals in
his cattle?.

5. In a model of a ship, the mast is 9cm high while the mast of the
actual ship is 12 m high. If the length of the ship is 28m, how long
is the model ship?

********

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