Passé Composé
Passé Composé
Content
1. Formation.
Before starting I want to you remind that verbs are in three groups (er, ir and re). These three
groups are divided into regular and irregular. Regular verbs follow rules and irregular verbs
don’t follow rules.
Formation: All these topics have different approach when we conjugate the verbs in past tense.
2. Participe Passé
2.1. Participe Passé is nothing but the behaviour of the verb in past tense.
For example:
I eat pizza (present tense) = I ate pizza (Past tense)
I speak English (present tense) =. I spoke English (Past tense)
Ate and spoke are participe passé of the verb to eat and to speak.
Now let’s see what happens to verbs in French.
Er = é Ir = i Re = u
3. Avoir or être ?
Once we know what is particpe passé we should know when to use Avoir or Etre.
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3.2. We use this formation for only 17 verbs and pronminal verbs.
Sujet + être présent tense conjugation + Participe Passé
Sujet+ ne être present tense conjugation pas + participe passé
In the text book 12 verbs are only given, if you writing sentences in past tense for these 12
verbs you are suppose to use 2nd formation.
Below are the 12 verbs in present tense and past tense. To remember these two verbs we use
ADVENT.
1 7
Arriver = arrivé A Partir = parti
To arrive = arrived To leave = gone
2 8
Descendre = descendu D Monter = Monté
To go down = went down To go up = went up
3 9
Venir = Venu V Aller = allé
To come = Came To go = Went
4 10
Entrer = entreé E Sortir = sorti
To enter = entered To exit = came out
5 11
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6 12
Tomber = tombé T Rester = resté
To Fall = fell To stay = stayed
5.2. Example
Avoir = to have
J’ai = I have
Tu as = You have
Il a = He has
Elle a = She has
Nous avons = We have
Vous avez = You have
Ils ont = They have
Elles ont = They hvae
Parler = to speak
5.3. Exercises
Sujet + Avoir conj + Participe Passé
Sujet+ ne avoir conj pas + participe passé
6.2. Example
Je suis = I am
Tu es = You are
Il est = He is
Elle est = She is
Nous sommes =We are
Vous êtes = You are
Ils sont = They are
Elles sont = They are
6.3. Exercises
Sujet + Être conju + Participe Passé Je suis allé à Paris
Sujet+ ne être conju pas + participe passé Je ne suis pas allé à Paris
7. Pronominal verbs
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7.2. Example
Se lever
Je me lève
Tu te lèves
Il se lève
Elle se lève
Nous nous levons
Vous vous levez
Ils sont lèvent
Elles sont lèvent
Je me suis levé
Tu t’es levé
Il s’est levé
Elle s’est levée (+e when sujet is féminine)
Nous nous sommes levé s (+s when sujet is plural)
Vous vous êtes levé s
Ils se sont levés
Elles se sont levées
7.3. Exercice
Sujet +me être conj + Participe Passé Je me suis levé
Sujet + ne me être conj pas + Participe Passé Je ne me suis pas levé
T’es tu levé ?
8.1. Formation
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8.1.1. If the sentence has no preposition we use this formation and its called
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transitive)
EJC EJC EJC
EJC EJC
Sujet + (Avoir conjuration) + Participe Passé (Transitif, without preposition)
8.1.2. If the sentence has preposition we use this formation and its called
intransitive)
Sujet + (être conjuration) + Participe Passé (Intransitif, with preposition)
8.2. Example
1. Monter = To go up J’ai monté la valise. (Transitif)
I have put up the suitcase.
Je suis monté sur la moto. (Intransitif)
I got on the motorcycle.
2. Descendre = To go Elle a descendu l’escalier. (Transitif)
down She came down the stairs.
Elle est descendue par l’escalier. (Intransitif)
She came down by the stairs
3. Sortir = To go out Ils ont sorti les livres. (Transitif)
They took out the books
Ils sont sortis les livres du sac. (Intransitif)
They took out the books from the bag
4. Retourner = To return il a retourné le livre. (Transitif)
He has returned the book
Il est retourné chez Paul. (Intransitif)
He returned from Paul’s place
5. Rentrer = To enter J’ai renté la chambre. (Transitif)
I had enter the room
Je suis rentré dans la chambre. (Intransitif)
I had entered in the room.
6. Passer = To Pass Elle a passé le thé (Transitif)
She had passed the tea.
Elle est passée par sa maison. (Intransitif)
She had passed by her house.
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