Solutions - Single Choice Questions

21. (C)
n
 4   1 
p = Lim    
n  

 4  3  2 sin   
 
 4  3  2 sin 
  2

n
 
   
 2   1 
p= Lim
n 
 2  sin  
3
  
 4  3  2 sin   2

 2 


If   0, 
 3
 3
 sin   0, 
 2 
 
 p does not exist.
 
If   , 
3 2
 3 
 sin   , 1
 2 
 p=0

 For existence of limit  =
3
1 1
 p= 2 =
4 16
p  cos  cos  16
Hence, =1+ =1+ =9
p p 2
22. (B)
 2 
 [ x ][  x ] 5 

x a
| x| 
f (x) = log a a [ x ]  [ x ]   1

 
 3  a | x | 
 

 2 5 
 1 x 
x a 
log a a 1
x 0
  
  3 ax 
 
 2
  5 
 1  x 
f (x) =  a
log a a x   x0
  
1

  3 a x 
  
 0 x 0

 a  2x  5 
x  1x 
 x 0
 3  a
  
  a 2x  5 
i.e. f (x) =  x  1 x 
 x0
  3  a 
 0 x 0
 a  2h  5 
h  1h 
0
 3  a 
f ' (0+) = Lim = 0 as a > 0 ;
h 0 h
  a  2h  5 
 h 1h 
0
 3  a 
f ' (0–) = Lim = 0 as a > 0
h 0 h
differentiable and continuous at x = 0.

23. (C)
Area of the parallelogram outside the circle = Area of Parallelogram – Area of sector OPQ
Q r
1  1  R
=  · sin   2  ·  = sin  – = f () r
2  2 2 1

 O r =1 P
sin  
f   2 = 1 1 = 1.
Hence Lim = Lim
 0   0  2 2

24. (A)
f (x) = [4 sin x] – 7;
f (x) is discontinuous,
1 1 3
when sin x = , , , 1  7 points.
4 2 4

25. (A)
P(x) is an even function.
So, it is symmetrical about y-axis.
P(–1) = P(1) = 1
and P(–2) = P(2) = –5
y

–2 2
x
–1 0 1

Graph of P(x) showing minimum number of distinct real zeroes

26. (B)
Sn = 1 + 3 + 7 + 13 + 21 + ……… + tn
Sn = 1 + 3 + 7 + 13 + ……… + tn–1 + tn
0 = 1 + 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + ……… + (tn – tn–1) – tn
tn = 1 + 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + ……… + (tn – tn–1)
n 1
=1+ [2 × 2 + (n – 2) × 2]
2
= 1 + (n – 1)n = n2 – n + 1

 2  n2  n  1 n2 1
Lim n  n  1  n  = Lim =–
n    n  n 2  n  1  n 2
27. (A)
1 1
f(u) = 3 2 =
u  6u  11u  6 (u  1) (u  2) (u  3)
1
As u (x) = , so
x
1
f =
1  1  1 
  1   2    3 
x  x  x 
1 1
 f is discontinuous at x=1, , ,0
2 3

28. (B)
We know that Lim x x  1
x 0

 Lim (x x  1)  0
x 0

 x 2 x 3 
1  ( x x  1)  ( x  1)  ( x  1)    x x
x
1)  
e( x  xx  2! 3! 
So, Lim = Lim
x 0 (x )  1
2 x 2
x 0
x 2 x
( x  1) ( x  1) 2

( x x  1) 2 ( x x  1)3
  
2! 3!  1  1  1
= Lim x 2 x 2 =    =
x 0 ( x  1) ( x  1)  2  4  8

29. (B)
f (x) = max. {sinx , sin–1 (cos x)

 y
2

0 x


2

Clearly, f(x) is continuous but non-differentiable at infinite points.

30. (C)
2 2
f (x ) 2 – (ex + ex ) f (x) + ex · e x  0

f (x )  e   f (x )  e
x x2   

2
ex  f (x)  ex ;  x  (0, 1)
 2
ex  f (x)  ex ;  x  (1, )

 x2 
Lim (e x ) = Lim  e  = e

x1 x 1  
Hence, Lim f (x )  e by sandwich theorem.
x 1

31. (C)
 
(A) As, sin x < x x > 0 sin x – x = 0 has no root in  0,  .
 2
   
(B) tan x > x  x   0,  tan x – x = 0 has no root in  0,  .
 2  2
(C) The statement is true by extreme value theorem.
(Property of continuous function in closed interval)
(D) The function g (x) is not given continuous in [3, 5] so the given statement is not always true.

32. (B)
3 7 11 15
At x = 0, , , ,
2 2 2 2
f (x) is integer and g(x) is continuous.

33. (C)
Since f(x1) = f(x2) x1, x2 R
 f(x) must be constant
Hence
p2 – 1 = 0
 p = ±1
q2 + 2q – 3 = 0
 q = –3, 1
 Largest possible value of |p + q| = 4.

34. (B)

Lim

ln sec(ex ) sec(e2 x )·sec(e3x )sec(e50 x ) 
x 0 (e2 2 cos x  1) 2(1  cos x ) 2
e2 cos x · ·x
2  2 cos x x2

= Lim

ln sec(ex ) sec(e 2 x )sec(e50 x ) 
x 0 e2 x 2

ln 1  sec(ex ) sec(e 2 x ) sec(e 50 x )  1

= Lim
x 0 e2x 2

sec(ex ) sec(e 2x ) · sec(e3x )sec(e50x )  1

= Lim
x 0 e2 x 2
 Apply L'hospital Rule, get

e 2  e4  e 6    e100 e 2 (e2 )50  1  

L= =
2e 2 2e 2 (e 2  1)

e100  1
= .
2(e 2  1)

35. (D)
 (p 2  1)(x  2)  2;  2  x  1
 2
  2(p  1)  2; x  1
f (x) = 
  e x  ex 
 q   | p | ( x  1);  1  x  2

  2 
 e 1  e1 
–3 (p2 – 1) – 2 = –2 (p2 – 1)–2 = q   2 | p |
 2 
 p = ± 1, q = 0
 2; 2  x  1

f (x) =  2; x  1
x  1; 1  x  2
   1       3 
f  f  f     = f  f    = f (– 2) = Not defined.
   2    2 

36. (B)
r (r  1) 2(r  2) 2015
Given,r = r 1 6
r2 4r 0
Take r common from I column and III row
r  1 2(r  2) 2015
r = r2 1 1 6
1 4r 0

r 2 (r  1) 2r 2 (r  2) 2015r 2
r = 1 1 6
1 4 0

nr 3  r 2 2 r 3  4 r 2 2015r 2
Now,   r = 1 1 6
r 1 1 4 0

 n  1 1
  r  0
  4 2  1
Hence, Lim  r 1 4  = 1 1  6 = 6 1   = 3.
 2
 n 
n 
1 4 0
 
 
 SOLUTION - Multiple Choice Questions

11. (ABD)
  h 
f  x 1     f (x)
f (x  h )  f ( x )  x 
f '(x) = Lim = Lim 
x 0 h h0 h

 h   h 
f ( x ) · f 1    f ( x ) f ( x ) ·  f 1    1
= Lim  x = Lim   x 
h 0 h h 0 h

h  h  h
1  1  g    1 1  g 
= f(x) · Lim
x  x   = f(x) ·
Lim  x  = f (x)
h 0 h h 0 x x

f (x)
 f '(x) =
x

f ' (x ) 1
 =
f (x) x
 f ( x ) = cx.
As f(1) = 1
 c = 1.
Hence f(x) = x
12. (ACD)

ln (2  x 2 )  x 2n sin (x 2 )
Given, f(x) = Lim
n  1  x 2n

 sin( x 2 ),   x  1
 ln 3  sin 1
ln (2  x 2 ), for 0  x  1 
2 , x  1
 ln 3  sin 1  2
2
Now, f ( x )   , for x 2  1 = ln (2  x ), 1  x  1
 2  ln 3  sin 1
  sin( x 2 ), for x 2  1  , x 1
 2
2
 sin( x ), 1 x  

Now, verify alternatives.

[Note : f(x) is an even function also.]

13. (ABD)
(A) As, f(x) and g(x) are continuous for every x  R and fog (x) is defined,
then obviously f g (x )  is also continuous for every x  R.
(B) As, f(x) is continuous on R such that Lim f ( x )  0 and Lim f ( x )  0 , so clearly f(x) must be
x x

bounded .
(C) Let f(x) = cos (x) – 3x + 1
clearly, f(x) is a continuous function in [0, 1].
Also f(0) = 1 – 0 + 1 = 2 and f(1) = – 1 – 3 + 1 = – 3
 f(0) f(1) < 0
So, by intermediate value theorem, the equation f(x) = 0 has atleast one root in (0, 1).
Note that f '(x) = –  sin (x) – 3 < 0  x  [0, 1]
 f(x) is strictly decreasing function on [0, 1].
Hence, the equation f(x) = 0 will have exactly one root in (0, 1).
(D) We know that every continuous function in [a, b] is always bounded.
So, there exists some c  [a, b] where f(x) attains its maximum value .
So, by extreme value theorem, f(c)  f(x)  x  [a, b].

14. (BC)
an, bn, cn are the roots of t3 – (2n + 1)t2 + (2n – 1)t + 1 = 0
2
Hence t = 1 or t = n  n 2  1 or t = n  n  1
Since an > bn > cn
an = n  n 2  1 > 1 > n  n 2  1

 1 
n 1  1  2 
an n 
Now Lim = Lim  = 2  (B)
n  n n  n

 1 
n 1  1  2 
a n 
Lim n = Lim  = 0  (C)
n   n n  n
15. (ABCD)

cos 2 x
1
l1 = Lim x =1
x  sin x
1
x

1 1
h dx  h x
l2 = Lim 2  = Lim 2 tan 1   
h 0
0 h2  x2 h 0  h h  0

22  22 
Note:
7
π  7  3.1428571 and π  3.1415929
 

16. (ABD)
Given, f '(t) = et (cos2t – sin 2t)
 Integrate both sides with respect to t, we get
f(t) = et cos2t + C
But, f(0) = 1  C = 0
So, f(t) = et cos2t.
Clearly,
[As, –  < t < 0 so 0 < et < 1 and 0  cos2t  1  0  et cos2t  1  f is bounded in (– , 0).]
Note that f is neither odd nor even function.
Also, f(t) = et  et cos2t = et  cos2t = 1
 t = 0, , 2 [0, 2]. So, 3 solutions exist.
1
Also, Lim f ( t )  t (1 form) = eL,
t 0

 e t cos 2 t  1  0
where L = Lim   ( form)
 0
t 0
 t 

e t (cos2 t  sin 2t )
= Lim = et (Using L'hospital rule)
t 0 1

17. (CD)

  1 3 (2n  1)  
Lim    ......  2 
[ x ], x 
n    1  n 2 2  n 2 nn  2
f (x) = 
 
 1, x
2

1 3 (2n  1) 1 3
   ...     ...
nn 2
nn 2
nn 2

1 n 2
2  n2
 (2n  1) 1 3 (2n  1)
    ... 
n  n 
2 2
1 n 1 n 2
1 n2

n2 1 3 (2n  1) n2
    .....  
n  n2 1 n2 2  n2 n  n3 1  n 2

n2 n2
 Lim = 1 and Lim =1
n  n  n2 n  1  n 2

 1 3 (2n  1) 
 Lim  2
 2
 ......   =1
n   1 n 2n n  n2 

 
[ x ] , x
 f (x) =  2

1, x
 2
 f (x) = [x]  x  R.
Hence range of f (x) is set of all integers.
 f (x) is unbounded.

Now, at x =
2

Clearly L.H.L. = R.H.L. = 1 = f   .
2
But f (x) is discontinuous at all integers as [x] is discontinuous at integers.

18. (BD)
x
(A) As Lim x  1
x 0
x
 Lim  x x  x x  = (01 – 1) = – 1
x 0  

1 1
(B) Lim x 2 ln = Lim x 2 ln x (0 × ) form
x 0  x 2 x 0

1 ln x   
= Lim   form
2 x 0 1 x 2   
1 1x 1
= Lim 3 =
Lim x 2 = 0
2 x 0  2 x 4 x 0 
 (B) vanishes.
ln ( x 1)
(C) Let l = Lim x
x 0

ln x 
 ln l = xLim 1   form
 0 ln (x  1)  
 1
x (x  1)ln 2 ( x  1)
= Lim = Lim
x 0 1 1 x 0 x
2

ln ( x  1) ( x  1)
2
 ln ( x  1) 
= – Lim   × x(x + 1) = – (1)2 × 0 × (0 + 1) = 0
x0  x 
Hence l = 1

 5 x  1  2 x  1 
  
10 x  2 x  5 x  1x  x  x  x
(D) Lim = Lim    =0
x 0 x  tan x x 0  tan x 
1  
 x 
 (D) vanishes.

19. (ABD)

Let L = Lim

2x 3  tan 1 x  3
=
1
(Given)
x  8 3 1 1 2
x cot | kx |  k 2 x 6 sin 3  3kx 3
 x

3
 tan 1 x 
2   

 x  1
 L = Lim =
x  1 2
k 2 sin
8 x 3  3k
cot 1 | kx | 
 1
x

20 1
Now, if k = 0, then L = =
8  2
·
 2
2 1
And, if k  0, then L = 2 =
0  k  3k 2
 k2 – 3k – 4 = 0  k = 4, – 1.
Now, verify alternatives.
 SOLUTIONS - Integer

18. (5)
 3
Let f : 0,   R be a function defined as f(x) = [3x] – {2x}.
 2

f(x) = [3x] – {2x}

 3
x  0,  discontinuous at
 2
1 2 1 4
x , , , ,1
3 3 2 3
19. (4)
b2 + c2 = a2 .......(1)
also 2ma = a
(median to the hypotenuse is half as along as hypotenuse).
a · ha = bc =  ; A = 90° .......(2)
A
2bc cos
2 = 2 bc
and wa = .......(3)
bc bc
A

c
b ma
ha wa

C B
N D M a/2
a

2ma  2h a 2a · ma  2a · h a a 2  2bc
Now = =
2w a  2h a 2a · w a  2a · h a 2 2 abc
 2bc
bc
(b 2  c 2  2bc) (b  c) (b  c ) 2 ( b  c )
= =
2 2 abc  2bc (b  c)
2bc  2 (b 2  c2 )  (b  c) 
 

(b  c) 2 (b  c)  2 (b 2  c2 )  (b  c) (b  c)  2 (b 2  c 2 )  (b  c)
   
= =

2bc 2 (b 2  c 2 )  (b  c) 2

 2bc
 ( b c ) 2

( b  c )  2 (b 2  c 2 )  ( b  c ) 
 
 Lim
b c 2bc
b
bc  =t1
c
 1
1    2 (1  t )  ( t  1)
2
t   2 [ 2  2]
 Lim  = =4
t 1 2 2
20. (683)
Given an+1 – an = 4n + 3
k 1 k 1
Now ak – a1 =  a n 1  a n  =  4n  3
n 1 n 1

(k )
= 4(k – 1) + 3(k –1) = 2k2 + k – 3
2
 ak = 2k2 + k – 3.

Lim 2k 2  k  3  2(4k ) 2  (4k )  3  .....  2(410 k ) 2  (410 k )  3

So k 
2k 2  k  3  2(2k ) 2  (2k )  3  ....  2(210 k ) 2  (210 k )  3

2k 2  k  3  2(4k ) 2  (4k )  3  .....  2(410 k ) 2  (410 k )  3

= Lim
k 
2k 2  k  3  2(2k ) 2  (2k )  3  .....  2(210 k ) 2  (210 k )  3

1 3 4 3 410 3
2  2  2(4 2 )   2  .....  2(410 ) 2  
k k k k k k2
= kLim

1 3 2 3 210 3
2  2  2(2) 2   2  .....  2(210 ) 2  
k k k k k k2

2  2(4 2 )  .....  2(410 ) 2 

2 1  4  4 2  .....  410 
2 1  2  2 
= 2 10 2 = 2 10
2  2(2)  .....  2(2 )  .....  2

1 11
(4  1)
= 3 = 683
211  1

21. (6)
n d 2  n a 2k  d 2
 1  a 2    a 2
k 1  k  k 1 k

n a k  d  · a k  d  n
a k 1 a k 1 a k  d  a k 1 
=  =  · a a k  d  a k 1 
k 1 ak ak k 1 ak k

a a an 1   a 2 a3 an  1 
=  0 · 1 ......   · ...... 
a a a  a a a 
 1 2 n   1 2 n 

 a 0   a n  1   a 0   a n 1 
=     =  
  
 [but a = a – d]
 0 1
a a
 n   1   a1   a n 

 
 
 a1  d   a n  d   d   d  1 d
=   
 = 1 1 =
       (n  1) d 
 a1   a n   a1   a 1  
a1
 
 zero as n  
 d 1 3 d 8·3
but 1     d
a1 4 4 a1 4
Hence d=6

22. (9)
Subtracting equation (2) from (1), common roots are the roots of x2 + q – r = 0 which has two roots say x1
& x2 such that x1 + x2 = 0
 x1 + x2 +  = – 2 and x1 + x2 +  = – 1
 = – 2, =–1
ln 3
h
ln (1  h )
L.H.L.= Lim e = eln 3 = 3  f (0–) = f (0) = a = 3
h 0

2
ln 1  e h  1  2 h   e h 2  1  2 h 
    h
R.H.L. = b Lim · · = 2b
h0  e h 2  1  2 h  h tan h
 
3
 b=
2
Hence 2(a + b) = 9

23. (35)
We expand the numerator in series
1
ex ln (1 x ) ex
(1 + x)1/x –e+ = ex e
2 2
 x x2   x x2 
 1  ....     .... 
 2 3  ex  2 3  ex
= e  e = e · e  e
2 2
 2
 x x2  
    ......... 
  x x2   2 3    e  ex
= e 1      .....  
  2 3  2!  2
 
 

1 1 2
= e   x  .......
3 8
 1 1  11e
 The limit = e   =
 3 8  24
24. (5)
1
Put n =
y
1
1 y  y 1 1 y  2
   e 2 ln  e
 1 y  y  1  y 
Lim = Lim
y 0 y2 y 0 y2

 1 y  1 y 
ln   2 ln    2
 1 y  1 y  1
y
e 1 y
= e2 Lim 2
= e Lim
y 0 y2 y 0 y2

ln (1  y)  ln (1  y)  2 y  2  2e 2
= e2 Lim = e2   =
y 0 y3  3 3
 a=2;b=3
 a+b=5

25. (770)

  1  
 x  n tan tan x  
  n 
 
 1  
L = Lim   tan x 
 
x 0 n sin
  n x 
   
Let tan–1 x = t

t
tan t  n tan 
Lim n
 L = t 0 t
 
n sin    tan t
n

 t3 2   3 
 t    5  ....  n  t  t  1  ....
 3 15   n n 33 
Lim    
 t 0 t t 3   t 3 
1
n   3   ....   t   ....
 n n 3!   3 

1 1  1 1 
t 3   2   ... 1  2 
 3 3n  3 n   n2 1  3
= Lim =  2 2   1  2
t 0 3  1 1  1 1 
t    2   ... 1  2   2n  1  2n  1
 3 6n  3 n 

3
 f(n) = 1 – 2
2n  1
3 1
 
2n 2  1 1  f (x)
 3 2f ( x )
2n2 = –1 =
1  f (x) 1  f (x)
10 10
2  f (n ) 2(10) (11) ( 21)
  1  f (n )  n 2 =
 2
6
= 10 × 11 × 7 = 770
n 1 n 1

26. (2)
 
sin x < x , x   0,   sin (sin x) < sin x
 2
 sin sin ........sin( x )  0 as n 
  
n times


Also as x  ;
4
 
2 cos x  2  3

 n n
 2 cos x  2  2
 sin ...... sin sin x        cos x
 3  3
    
 Lim n
, x   ,    ( by 3 n )
 n
 2  2 cos x   4 4 
 1  sin x  

 3 
 f (x) = n n
     2 
   sin sin .... sin( x )  1    cos x
Lim  2  2 cos x   2  2 cos x   
n   n 4 4
  n
, x    ,  ( by 2 cos x  2 )
 3   
    sin x
  2  2 cos x 

   
 0, x   4 , 4   
 
f (x) =   Lim f (x )  0  l
 1     
, x    ,  x
 sin x 4 4 4

 Lim f ( x )  2  m  l2 + m2 = 2

x
4

27. (3)
1
tan 1 x  tan 1  tan 1 3
y sin 1 ( y  2)
L Lim ·
( x , y) (1, 2) ( x  1) ( y  2)
1
x
y
tan 1  tan 1 3
1
1
y sin 1 ( y  2)
 Lim ·
( x , y ) (1, 2 ) ( x  1) ( y  2)
 1 ( xy  1) 
 tan  tan 1 3 
 yx  sin 1 ( y  2)
 Lim ·
( x , y ) (1, 2 )  ( x  1)  ( y  2)
 
 
xy  1
L to exist tan 1  tan 1 3 (Important step)
yx
 xy  1
=3
yx
xy + 1 = 3y – 3x
3y  1
x=
3 y
3x  1
 f–1(x) =
3 x

f 1( x ) 1 3
 Lim = 
x
1 3x  1 1 10
3 3
3

28. (3)
f(x) = 2 0<x<1
0 x=1
1 x>1
 Range of f = {0, 1, 2} = A. (for surjective)
 Number of elements in A = 3

29. (2)
 3
3 sin n + cos n = 0 or tan n =
3
 (6k  1) 
n = + k or k =
6 6n
k (6k  1) 
So, =
2 12n
n n
k (6k  1) 
Let A=  cos 2
=  cos 12n
k 1 k 1


Multiply with 2 sin
4n
n
 (6k  1)   (3n  1)   
 2 sin 4n cos 12n
= – sin
6n
 sin
6n
= cos  sin
6n 6n
k 1

 
cos  sin
Then A = 6n 6n

3 sin
4n

 h h   h 
 cos  sin cos
Lim h · 6 6  = Lim h · 6  – 0 = Lim h
h 0 h  h 0
 h  h
h 0
 3 sin   2 sin  2 sin
 4   4  4

1 2
= Lim =
h 0 h  
2 cos ·
4 4
30. (48)
1 1
2 x
(1  3x  2 x )  2 x
(1  3x  2 x ) 0
L= Lim  
x0 x 0

 1   1 
(1  3x  2x )  e   (1  3x  2 x )  e 3 
2 x 3 2 x
   
= Lim
x0 x
1 1
2 x
2 x
(1  3x  2x ) e 3
(1  3x  2 x )  e3
= Lim – Lim = L1 – L2
x0 x x0 x
ln (1 3x  2 x 2 ) x (3  2 x ) 2
3 2 x 
e x  e3 e 2  e3
L1 = Lim = Lim
x0 x x0 x

 2 x  x 3 2 x 2 ..... 
e 2  1  9 5 3
= Lim e 3   =e
3
2  2  = 2 e
x0 x  
 
 
 13 3
And L2 = e , L = 4e3
2
 k = 4.
Hence 12k = 48

31. (2)
Given a1 = 1
 a2 = sin a1 = sin 1
a3 = sin a2 = sin(sin 1)
a4 = sin a3 = sin sin(sin1)
a5 = sin a4 = sin sinsin(sin1) 
 a1 = 1, a2, a3, ........, an is a decreasing sequence
and hence as n , Lim a n = 0
n 
Let an = y
 as n  , y  0
2 2 y  2(2 y )(3y )  32 y (2 y  3 y ) 2
 Lim = – Lim
y  0 cos y  1  e y  e  y y  0 (e y  e  y  2)  (1  cos y)

2
 2 y  3y  2
  ln 2
 2 
= – Lim   =– 3 =  2 ln 2 2  a = 2
y  0  e y  e  y  2   1  cos y  1 3 3 3
   1
   y2  2
 y2   
 3a = 2
32. (2)
 x 2  x  1  4 x 2  x  2   9x 2  x  3   n 2x 2  x  n 
f (x) =  2 
  2

  2   .......   2 
 x  1   2 x  1   3x  1   nx  1 
 x   x   x   x 
= 1  2   2  2   3  2   .......  n  nx 2  1
 x  1  2 x  1   3x  1   
 x   x   x   x 
= 1  2  .......  n   2    2    2   .......   2 
 x  1   2 x  1   3x  1   nx  1

x 1 1
for x > 0,.  
x2 1 x
1 2
x
x 1 1
 
2x 2  1 2x 
1 2 2
x
  
x 1 1
2
 
nx  1 1 2 n
nx 
x
 x   x   x 
  x 2  1   2x 2  1  ............   nx 2  1 = 0
     
n ( n  1)
f (x) =
2
   n (n  1) 
   n 
 f (x)  n   2 
Now, Lim 3
= Lim
n  2 n ( n  2)  n   n 2 ( n  1) 2 n 3 ( n  2) 
 f ( x )      
 4   4 4 
 n2  n 1   n2  n 1 
   
= Lim  2  = Lim  2  =2
n   n 2 ( n 2  2n  1) n 3 ( n  2)  n    n2 
    
 4 4   4 
33. (2)
n
1 x 
S=  2n tan 2n 1 ; x=
4
n 1
Since tan x = cot x – 2cot 2x .....(1)
1 1
 tan x = cot x – cot 2x
2 2
1 x
2
tan = 1 cot x  1 cot x
2 2 22 2 22
: :
: :
1 x 1  x  1  x 
n
tan n 1 = n cot  n 1   n 1 cot  n  2 
2 2 2  2  2 2 
   x  
 cot  n 1  
 2   1  
 S=  cot 2 x  S =  n tan n 1  cot 2 x
 2n  2 2 
 
 
1 x 1  x  
Lim S =  · n 1 · cot  n 1   cot 2 x
n  2 2 x 2  
1  2
S= – cot 2x put x =  S=
2x 4 
2
 (100)L = 100 · = 200.


34. (84)

r4 1  16r 4  1  1 
Tr = =  
(2r  1)(2r  1) 16  ( 2r  1)( 2r  1) 

1  ( 4r 2  1)( 4r 2  1)  1 1  2 1 
Tr = 16   = (4r  1) 

2
4r  1  16  (2r  1)(2r  1) 

1  2 1  (2r  1)  (2r  1)  1  2 1 1 1 
= (4r  1)    =  4r  1    
16  2  (2r  1)(2r  1)  16 2  ( 2r  1) ( 2 r  1) 

1 1 1  1 1 
 Sn =  r 2  1     
4 16 32  2r  1 2r  1 

n (n  1)(2n  1) n 1  1   1 1   1 1 
=   1        .....    
4·6 16 32  3   3 5   2 n  1 2n  1  

2 n 3  3n 2  n n 1  1 
=   1  
24 16 32  2n  1 

n 3 n 2 5n 1  n  n 3 n 2 5 n f ( n )
=      =    (Given)
12 8 48 16  2n  1  A B C D
So A = 12, B = 8, C = 48 ; D = 16
Hence A + B + C + D = 84

35. (6)

ax 3  b, 0  x 1 
f (x) =  1  a+b=–2+
2 cos   tan x , 1  x  2 4

3ax 2 , 0  x 1

f '(x) =  1
 2 sin x  1  x 2 , 1 x  2

1 1
3a =  a=
2 6
  1  13  26
b= –2– =  = 
4 6 4 6 4 12
 k1 = 6, k2 = 12  k2 – k 1 = 6

36. (1)

sin (n cos 1 x ) n  cos1 x 

L1 = Lim = Lim  
x 1 1 x 1 x x 1 1  x  1 x  = n
 

1  cos (n cos1 x ) n 2 (cos1 x ) 2 1

L2 = Lim = Lim  
x 1 (1  x ) (1  x ) x 1 2 (1  x )  2

n2
 L2 =
2

n2 3
Given, +n=
2 2
2
 n + 2n = 3  n2 + 2n – 3 = 0
 (n + 3) (n – 1) = 0
 n = 1 or n = – 3
Since, n  N
 n=1  Sum = 1

37. (5)
Lim n
n   n  3n  2n 1  (n 1) + n  n  2n  3  (n 1)
3 3 2 2

= Lim
 
n n 3  3n 2  2n  1  (n  1)3 
n 

(n 3  3n 2  2n  1) 2 / 3  (n  1) n 3  3n 2  2n  1 1/ 3
 (n  1) 2

+ Lim

n n 2  2n  3  (n  1) 2 
n 
n 2  2n  3  (n  1)

n (n )
= Lim 3 2 2/3
n  (n  3n  2n  1)  (n  1) (n 3  3n 2  2n  1)1/ 3  (n  1) 2

n ( 2)
+ Lim
n
n 2  2n  3  (n  1)

1 2 1 2
= + =– +1= .
111 11 3 3

38. (2)
Let  +  +  = 
Hence cos( + ) + cos( + ) + cos( + ) = cos ( – ) + cos ( – ) + cos ( – )
= cos  cos   sin  sin 
= 2 cos2 + 2sin2 = 2
 Hence a = 2

x2  4
 Lim =2
x 2 x2  x  2

39. (19)

 2
 1  x   n  1   nxn 
1

f(x) =  4   2  2
 1
 n 1 x n   x  n 1
2
 Graph of f(x) will be
y

y=1/2

x
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5

1
Clearly f(x) is continuous in R but not differentiable at x = n + and n  n  I
2
 not differentiable at 19 points in (– 5, 5).
Also f(x) is periodic with fundamental period 1.
 19 points

40. (45)

x 2  x , x  1 x 2  cx, x  2
Given f (x) =  2 , g (x) =  2 and h (x) = f(x).g(x),x  R
x  ax , x  1 x  4 x , x  2
Now, define h(x) in the n.b.d. of x = 1 and x = 2.

  
 x 2  x x 2  cx , x  1

 
 x 2  ax x 2  cx , x  2 
h(x) = f(x)·g(x) =
2

2
 x  ax x  cx , x  1 
and h(x) =  2

2

 x  ax x  4x , x  2 
Note: f (x) is discontinuous  a  {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
g(x) is discontinuous if c  4
N1: Given both f (x) and g(x) are discontinuous
Hence,a  6 ways  N1 = 6 × 5 = 30
c  5 ways
N2 since g(x) is discontinuous  c  4
Now, h(x) is continuous at x = 1
h(1–) = h(1+)
 2 (1 – c) = (1 – a) (1 – c)
 (1 – c) (1 + a) = 0
 1 – c = 0 (a  – 1) (Given)
 c=1
Also, given h(x) is discontinuous at x = 2
 (4 – 2a) (4 – 2c)  (4 – 2a) (– 4)
(4 – 2a) (8 – 2c)  0
(2 – a) (4 – c)  0
Since c = 1
 a2  a  5 ways
c  1 way
 N2 = 5.
Now, N3 given h(x) is discontinuous at x = 1
 (1 – c) (a + 1)  0
 c1
and given h(x) is continuous at x = 2.
 (2 – a) (4 – c) = 0
if c = 4 then a  6 ways
if a = 2 then c  4 ways
Total 10 ways.
 N1 = 30
N2 = 5
N3 = 10
Total N1 + N2 + N3 = 45
 SOLUTION - Matrix - Match

4. (A) S; (B) P; (C) R; (D) Q

(A) Clearly, x2  9  x2  4  5 = x 2
 
 9  x2  4 
So, (x2 – 9) (x2 – 4)  0 As a  b  a  b  ab  0 
 x  [– 3, – 2]  [2, 3].
Y (6,2)
y=2

(B) X
y=x–4 (0,–4)

y = –5 (–1,–5)
Graph of y = f(x)

Y
y=2 (0,2) y=2
–6 6
X
y= – 4 – x y=x–4
(0,– 4)

Graph of y = f(|x|)

Clearly, R f |x|   4, 2
 Number of integers in the range of function f | x | = 7.
Now, clearly
x 2  13x   42 [ x ]  7  [x ]  6
Lim = Lim = 0.
x n ( x  7)(x  6) x 7 ( x  7) ( x  6)

 x3   x x2 
a  x   .....  bx 1    .....  3x 2
 3!   1! 2 ! 
(C) L = Lim
x 0
 sin x  x x  tan x   3
   x
 x3 x3 
b a
x (a  b)  x 2 (b  3)  x 3     .....
2 6
L = 6 Lim 3
x 0 x
b a
 L = 6  
 2 6
 a + b = 0 and b + 3 = 0
 b = – 3.
Also a = 3
 3 3
L = 6     = – 12.
 2 6
 b  L   3   12 9
Hence,  =  3
 a  3 3
 1 2 k2  k  2 (k  2)(k  1)
(D) We have 1  k 1 = 1  = =
C2 (k  1)k k (k  1) (k  1)k
n
k 1 n k  2
Hence, Pn =  ·
k k 2 k  1
k 2

1 2 3 n 1   4 5 6 n  2  
=  · · · ..........   · · · ..........
2 3 4 (n  1)n   3 4 5 (n  1) 

1 n2 n2
Hence, Pn =   =
n  3  3n
1
Lim Pn 
n  3
 a = 1, b = 3
Hence (b – a) = 2

5. (A) Q; (B) S; (C) Q

 sin x , x0
 tan x , 0  x  2
(A) f (x)  
cos x , 2  x  3

 1 , x  3

 3
Clearly f(x) is discontinuous at , , 2
2 2
 3 numbers.
2x ( x  3)  2( x  1)  2(x  1) ( x  2)
(B) f(x) = k = k
( x  1) ( x  2) ( x  3) ( x  1) ( x  2) ( x  3)
Lim f ( x )  k  6
x2
n
 tan y 
As tan y > y      , as n  
 y 

Hence f(2) = 2
2
Now, f(x) is continuous at x = 2.
Hencek – 6 = 2
 k=8
 x  2, x  2
x  2, 2  x  0
(C) We have f | x | = | x|2 = 
2  x, 0  x  2

x  2, x  2
y=||x| – 2|

2–x 2–x
–x – 2 x–2
(–2,0) (2,0)

So, we have to check differentiability at only 3 points. i.e. x = {– 2, 0, 2}