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Architecture Class Notes_ (3)

Architecture is defined as the art and science of designing buildings, focusing on key components such as form, function, structure, space, light, and material. The document outlines various historical periods and styles of architecture, from prehistoric to contemporary, and discusses architectural principles like strength, functionality, and beauty. Additionally, it details the architectural design process and mentions notable architects and careers in the field.

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7 views

Architecture Class Notes_ (3)

Architecture is defined as the art and science of designing buildings, focusing on key components such as form, function, structure, space, light, and material. The document outlines various historical periods and styles of architecture, from prehistoric to contemporary, and discusses architectural principles like strength, functionality, and beauty. Additionally, it details the architectural design process and mentions notable architects and careers in the field.

Uploaded by

niwipyjpwuragwqmbs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Architecture Class Notes

What is Architecture?

● Definition: The art and science of designing and constructing buildings

and other physical structures.

● Key Components:

○ Form: The visual appearance of a building, including its shape,

size, and materials.

○ Function: The purpose of a building and how it is used.

○ Structure: The framework that supports a building.

○ Space: The arrangement of rooms and open areas within a

building.

○ Light: The use of natural and artificial light to illuminate a

building.

○ Material: The substances used to construct a building.

Historical Periods and Styles

● Prehistoric: Early human shelters, such as caves and huts.

● Ancient: Egyptian pyramids, Greek temples, and Roman architecture.

● Medieval: Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals, castles, and fortified

towns.

● Renaissance: Revival of classical architecture, emphasizing symmetry,

proportion, and order.

● Baroque: Dramatic and ornate style, characterized by curves,

ornamentation, and theatricality.

● Rococo: Lighter and more playful version of Baroque, with delicate

details and pastel colors.

● Neoclassical: Revival of classical Greek and Roman architecture,

emphasizing simplicity and rationality.


● Modern: Emphasis on function, simplicity, and industrial materials.

● Postmodern: Reaction against Modernism, characterized by eclecticism,

irony, and a playful use of historical styles.

● Contemporary: Diverse range of styles and approaches, often

incorporating technology and sustainability.

Architectural Principles

● Firmitas: Strength and durability of a building.

● Utilitas: Functionality and usefulness of a building.

● Venustas: Beauty and aesthetic appeal of a building.

● Scale: The relationship between the size of a building and its

surroundings.

● Proportion: The harmonious relationship between the parts of a

building.

● Rhythm: The repetition of elements in a building.

● Balance: The distribution of weight and visual interest in a building.

● Emphasis: The focal point of a building.

Architectural Design Process

1. Programming: Defining the project's goals, scope, and requirements.

2. Schematic Design: Developing initial design concepts and sketches.

3. Design Development: Refining the design and creating detailed

drawings.

4. Construction Documents: Producing construction drawings and

specifications.

5. Construction Administration: Overseeing the construction process.

Additional Notes

● Architectural Drawings: Blueprints, floor plans, elevations, sections, and

details.
● Building Materials: Wood, stone, brick, concrete, steel, and glass.

● Architectural Careers: Architect, landscape architect, urban planner,

interior designer, and structural engineer.

● Famous Architects: Frank Lloyd Wright, Le Corbusier, Mies van der

Rohe, and Zaha Hadid.

Please note: This is just a basic overview of architecture. There are many other

aspects to the field, such as architectural theory, history, and criticism.

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