Pre-Board Examination III (2024 – 2025)

Grade: X Date: 09.01.2025

GEOGRAPHY
H.C.G. Paper – 2
Maximum Marks: 80
Time allowed: Two hours
Answers to this Paper must be written on the answer sheet provided separately.
You will not be allowed to write during the first 15 minutes.
This time is to be spent in reading the question paper.
The time given at the head of this Paper is the time allowed for writing the answers.
Part I is compulsory. All questions from Part I are to be attempted.
A total of five questions are to be attempted from Part II.
The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ].
To be supplied with this Paper: Survey of India Map Sheet No. G43S/10 and Outline Map of India.
Note:
(i) In all Map Work, make wise use of arrows to avoid overcrowding of the map.
(ii) The extract of Survey of India Map Sheet No. G43S/10 must not be taken out of the examination
hall. It must be handed over to the Supervising Examiner on completion of the paper.
(iii) The Map given at the end of this question paper must be detached, and after marking, must be
fastened to your answer booklet.
(iv) All sub-sections of the questions attempted must be answered in the correct serial order.
(v) All working including rough work should be done on the same answer sheet which is used to
answer the rest of the paper.
PART I (30 Marks)
(Attempt all questions from this Part)
Question 1
Study the map sheet No. G43S/10: Eastings 64 to 72, Northings 37 to 47 and answer the following:
(i) What is the meaning of the following conventional signs and symbols? [2]
a) 5r in grid square 6642 b) Brackish in grid square 6543
(ii) a) Find out the direct distance between settlement Pithapura (6944) and settlement Gulabganj [2]
(6843).
b) Give the compass direction of Settlement Pamera from Settlement Anadra.
(iii) Give the settlement patterns of the following: a) Settlement Harmatiya b) Settlement Malgaon [2]
(iv) Give the drainage patterns of the following: a) Grid square 7040 b) Grid square 7146 [2]
(v) Give six-figure grid reference of the following: [2]
a) Police Station at Pamera b) Prominent Surveyed Tree 285
Question 2
On the outline map of India provided:
(i) [1]
Mark and label the mountain range with the highest peak of the world.
(ii) Mark and label the hills that are found along the east-coast of India. [1]
(iii) Shade and label the lava plateau that is located in the rain shadow areas of Eastern and Western [1]
Ghats.
(iv) Shade and label the coastal plain that experiences a burst of monsoon in the month of June. [1]

502 – Pre-Board Examination - III Page 1 of 6

(v) Shade and label the sea from which tropical cyclones form during the retreating monsoon or [1]
north-east monsoon season.
(vi) Shade and label the Gulf of Cambay on the west coast of Gujarat that connects to the Arabian [1]
Sea in the South.
(vii) Mark and label the winds that brings winter rain to Punjab, Haryana which supports Rabi crops. [1]
(viii) Mark and label the location in the state of Jharkhand where iron ore is mined. [1]
(ix) Mark and label the location in the state of Assam where petroleum oil is extracted. [1]
(x) Mark and label the longest tributary of Yamuna known for notorious floods and gully erosion. [1]

Question 3
Choose the correct answers to the questions from the given options.
(Do not copy the question, write the correct answers only)

(i) Answer the following by selecting the appropriate option given below: [1]

Assertion (A): Eutrophication causes rotting of plants and fish due to lack of air and water.
Reason (R): Pathogenic microbes from industries and hospitals may contaminate water.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and R is the correct explanation of (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true and R is not the correct explanation of (A).
c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(ii) Which of the following cities the Golden Quadrilateral will pass through? [1]
a) Delhi-Mumbai-Bengaluru-Kolkata b) Mumbai-Bengaluru-Delhi-Chennai
c) Chennai-Kolkata-Delhi-Mumbai d) Kolkata-Chennai-Mumbai-Bengaluru
(iii) There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answer as per the [1]
codes provided below:
Assertion (A): There has been a rapid development of air services in our country since 1953 when
the Indian Airlines and Air India were formed.
Reason (R): In 2021, Indian Airlines and Air India were merged into one.
a) Both (A) and (R) are true and R is the correct explanation of (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true and R is not the correct explanation of (A).
c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
(iv) Which of the following statement is CORRECT with reference to sugar industries in India? [1]
a) India is the world’s largest producer of sugar.
b) Sugar production period is longer in South India due to tropical climate.
c) The supply of raw materials to sugar factories in India is sufficient and regular.
d) Sugar industries generate high income from its by-products than the main product.
(v) Which of the following variety of silk is reared throughout the year in Karnataka? [1]
a) Tassar silk b) Eri Silk c) Bombyx Mori silk d) Muga silk
(vi) Match the following: [1]
A) TATA Iron and Steel Plant 1. Brahmani River
B) BHILAI Iron and Steel Plant 2. Rashtriya Ispat Nigam
C) ROURKELA Iron and Steel Plant 3. Subarnarekha River
D) VIZAG Iron and Steel Plant 4. Tendula canal
A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D
a) 4 3 1 2 b) 4 3 2 1 c) 3 2 1 4 d) 3 4 1 2

502 – Pre-Board Examination - III Page 2 of 6

vii) Which of the following is NOT a toxic substances present in E-waste? [1]
a) Cadmium b) Lead c) Mercury d) Methane

viii) The increase in the concentration of various toxic substances along the food chain is called: [1]
a) Bio-accumulation b) Biomagnification c) Demagnification d) Eutrophication

Which of the following is NOT a source of rainfall for Punjab and Haryana?
ix) [1]
a) Western disturbances b) Arabian branch of SW monsoon
c) Retreating monsoon d) Bay of Bengal branch of SW monsoon
x) The extreme of temperature between summer and winter is quite low in Southern part of [1]
peninsular India mainly because:
a) The adjoining oceans moderate the temperature b) The sky is generally cloudy
c) The Sun’s rays are almost vertical throughout the year d) None of these

PART II (50 Marks)

(Attempt any five questions from this Part)
Question 4

(i) [2]
Delhi, the capital of India, has already experienced extreme heat in last summer, with
temperatures frequently exceeding 40-450c. This record-breaking heatwave is a symptom of a
large trend: rising temperatures in India and elsewhere.
a) Name the summer months in India.
b) Which local wind blows during summer in northern India causing heat stroke?
(ii) a) Name two regions of India which receives more than 200 cm of annual rainfall. [2]
b) What is meant by ‘rain shadow area’? Give an example.
(iii) Give geographical reasons for the following: [3]
a) The Coromandel coast has more-rainy months but less rainfall than Konkan coast.
b) In spite of the Aravallis, many parts of Rajasthan do not receive much rain.
c) Shimla is cooler than Delhi in summer.
(iv) Study the given temperature and rainfall data and answer the following questions: [3]
MONTH Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
TEMPERATURE 21 21.9 24.3 27.2 28 26.4 26.1 25.4 26 26 23.8 21.2
RAINFALL 5.1 2.8 1.2 1.7 3.9 4.6 8.4 11.4 11.9 31.6 34.5 14.8
a) Calculate the annual range of temperature of the given station.
b) Name the wind that brings maximum rainfall to this station.
c) On which coast of India is this station located?

Question 5

(i) Your uncle lives in a hilly area which gets heavy rainfall. He grows certain special crops like tea, [2]
coffee and cashew nuts. Besides agriculture, he has a brick kiln as the area has ample raw
material for making bricks.
a) Name the possible region in India, where your uncle may be residing.
b) What type of soil is available in the region and how it is formed?
(ii) a) Differentiate between gully erosion and sheet erosion. [2]
b) How red soil can increase productivity?
(iii) Give one geographical reason for each of the following: [3]
a) Black soils need to be tiled after the first rain.
b) Jute is cultivated in West Bengal.
c) The colour of alluvial soil varies in different areas.
502 – Pre-Board Examination - III Page 3 of 6
(iv) Name the soil which: [3]
a) Is good for sugarcane cultivation b) Is acidic in nature c) Occurs Ex-situ

Question 6

(i) a) Imagine that you want to start a factory to manufacture plant based medicines, beauty products [2]
and toothpastes. Which forest area would you choose in the vicinity of which you can start your
factory?
b) You live in an area which is surrounded by the commercially most exploited forests. Which
forests are these and why are they most exploited forests in India?
(ii) a) In which parts of India are the Tidal forests found? [2]
b) Differentiate between ‘Agro forestry’ and ‘Social forestry’.
(iii) Give reasons for the following: [3]
a) Littoral forests has breathing roots.
b) Acacia has long roots.
c) Forests are grown in and around the cities having Iron and Steel industries.
(iv) Answer the following: [3]
a) Give any two reasons for depletion of forests in India.
b) What is ‘Van Mahotsav’?
c) What is the major use of sandalwood tree?
Question 7

(i) India has had a history of famines because of rain-fed agriculture and rapid population growth. [2]
After the era of the Green Revolution that began in the 1960s, India never experienced a famine-
like situation; it did, however, experience a drought of the century in 1987. Northern states (Punjab,
Haryana and western UP) with a high level of irrigation are contributing almost all of wheat and
two-thirds of the rice to the central pool of India.
Source: Hira, G.S., Water Management in Northern States and the Food Security of India, Journal
of Crop Improvement.

a) Mention any two methods of irrigation commonly practiced in the Northern Plains of India.
b) For each method mentioned, state why it is popular here.
(ii) State any one advantage each for the following: a) Drip irrigation b) Sprinkler irrigation [2]
(iii) Give a reason for the following: [3]
a) Canal irrigation is not popular in Southern part of India.
b) Tank irrigation is an important method of irrigation in Karnataka.
c) Despite big river projects, irrigation through groundwater has still been growing in popularity.
(iv) a) Distinguish between ‘Inundation canals’ and ‘Perennial canals’. [3]
b) State any one major disadvantage of Sprinkler irrigation system in India.
c) Mention any one Indian state where well irrigation most widely used.

Question 8

(i) “Manganese is roughly similar to iron's physical and chemical properties but is harder and more [2]
brittle.” Based on the properties of manganese mentioned in the statement:
(a) In which industry is this mineral widely used? (b) What is its role in that industry?
(ii) Name the following: [2]
a) The nuclear power plant located in Karnataka which is operated by Nuclear Power Corporation
of India Limited.
b) The oldest oil producing state in India.
c) The type of coal that contains less than 35% carbon.

502 – Pre-Board Examination - III Page 4 of 6

(iii) Give reasons for the following: [3]
a) Aluminium is used for making aircraft.
b) CNG is an eco-friendly fuel.
c) India is an advantageous position in terms of solar energy.
(iv) a) What is biogas? How is biogas produced? [3]
b) Name two minerals used for the generation of nuclear energy.
c) What is tidal energy? Give an advantage of using tidal energy.

Question 9

(i) a) What is the significance of transport for effective sugarcane cultivation? [2]
b) Name the two main varieties of coffee grown in India.
(ii) a) Give the climatic requirements for the growth of groundnuts in India. [2]
b) West Bengal is the leading producer of jute. Give reason.
(iii) Give geographical reasons for the following: [3]
a) Fields are rotated instead of crops in shifting agriculture.
b) Wheat cultivation is confined to the northern part of the country.
c) Coffee estates have coffee-inter planted with orange trees, cardamom and pepper vines.
(iv) During her summer vacation, Mitali went to Darjeeling. As she was travelling, she saw green fields [3]
cultivated with a particular crop along the slopes. She noticed some lady workers picking leaves
from the plants.
a) What crop was being cultivated on the slopes that Mitali saw?
b) What type of farming did Mitali observe along the slopes during her trip to Darjeeling?
c) What do you mean by ‘fine plucking’ and flush related to this crop.

Question 10

(i) What are the major factors that are contributing to the concentration of textile industry in [2]
Maharashtra?
(ii) Explain the major problems faced by sugar industry in India [Any 2]. [2]
(iii) With reference to the ‘Iron and Steel industries in India’, answer the following questions: [3]
i) Why is the Iron and Steel industry called a basic industry? Give reasons.
ii) What are the raw materials needed for the Iron and steel industry?
iii) Define ‘Integrated Steel Plant’.
(iv) With reference to the ‘Petrochemicals and Electronics’, answer the following: [3]
i) What are petrochemicals? Give an example.
ii) Name two cities in South India that have leading software companies.
iii) Petrochemical industries are usually located close to the oil refineries. Give reasons.

Question 11

(i) What does AAI stand for? Why was it formed? [2]
(ii) Compare and contrast railways with Airways. [2]
(iii) Give a reason for the following: [3]
i) Nearly 70% of Indians do not use air transport.
ii) A well-developed transport network is important for industrial growth.
iii) Water transport is not as popular as road transport in India.
(iv) With reference to Indian Roadways, answer the following: [3]
i) State any one economic benefit of Golden Quadrilateral.
ii) State one advantage of roadways in India.
iii) Mention any one role and importance of National Highways Authority of India [NHAI].
502 – Pre-Board Examination - III Page 5 of 6
Question 12

(i) Give a meaning of the following terms: [2]

i) Incineration ii) Vermicomposting
(ii) Give two reasons to why there is need for safe waste disposal. [2]
(iii) Give a reason for each of the following: [3]
i) Radioactive waste is more harmful than other waste.
ii) Chemical fertilizers must be replaced by organic matters.
iii) Plastic and polythene products must be banned.
(iv) Answer the following: [3]
i) What can an individual do to reduce waste at home?
ii) How has composting proven to be a great help in managing waste?
iii) State any one problem associated with landfills.

502 – Pre-Board Examination - III Page 6 of 6