Computer Science I - Quarter 4 Reviewer

(Modules 1, 2, 3, and 4)

Module 1: Networking and the Internet - An Introduction

Key Concepts

1. Computer Network

 A group of interconnected computers that share data, resources, and information.

 Types of Networks :

 LAN (Local Area Network) : Connects devices in a small area like an office or school.

 WLAN (Wireless LAN) : Similar to LAN but uses wireless connections.

 PAN (Personal Area Network) : Serves one person (e.g., syncing phone and laptop).

 WAN (Wide Area Network) : Covers large geographical areas (e.g., the internet).

 VPN (Virtual Private Network) : Secure connection between two endpoints.

2. Hardware for Communication

 Network Cards : Enable devices to connect to networks.

 Routers/Switches : Divide network connections among multiple devices.

 Modem : Connects devices to the internet.

 Repeaters : Refresh signals over long distances.

3. Transmission Medium

 Wired : Twisted pair cables, coaxial cables, optical fiber cables.

 Wireless : Radio waves, microwaves, infrared.

4. Protocols

 Rules for communication between devices. Examples:

 TCP/IP : Ensures reliable data transfer.

 HTTP/HTTPS : Transfers web pages securely.

 FTP : Transfers files.

5. Internet Basics

 The World Wide Web (WWW) is part of the internet that contains websites and webpages.

 URL : Address of a webpage (e.g., http://www.example.com).

Practice Questions

1. What is a computer network?

 Answer : An interconnection between computers for sharing data and resources.

 Answer : Twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, optical fiber cable.

3. What does HTTPS stand for?

 Answer : HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure.

4. What is the purpose of a modem?

 Answer : To connect a device to the internet.

5. What is the difference between LAN and WAN?

 Answer : LAN covers small areas (e.g., offices), while WAN covers large areas (e.g., countries).

Module 2: Networking and the Internet - Services and Ethics

Key Concepts

1. Internet Services

 E-Commerce : Online shopping and business transactions.

 Communication Services : Email, instant messaging, video conferencing, VoIP.

 File Sharing : Transferring files via email, FTP, or cloud storage.

 Web Services : Platforms allowing applications to communicate (e.g., APIs).

2. Time Services

 Network Time Protocol (NTP) : Synchronizes computer clocks globally.

3. Internet Ethics

 Avoid plagiarism, software piracy, and misuse of personal information.

 Respect others by avoiding rude language online.

 Always cite sources properly when using online content.

Practice Questions

1. What is e-commerce?

 Answer : Conducting business transactions online without time or distance constraints.

2. Name three communication services on the internet.

 Answer : Email, instant messaging, video conferencing.

3. Why is proper citation important on the internet?

 Answer : To avoid plagiarism and give credit to original authors.

4. What is NTP used for?

 Answer : Synchronizing computer clocks with precision.

5. How can you prevent software piracy?

 Answer : Purchase legitimate copies of software programs.

Key Concepts

1. Web Browsers

 Software used to access the World Wide Web. Examples:

 Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, Opera, Microsoft Edge.

2. Parts of a Browser Window

 Navigation Bar : Displays the URL and includes buttons like Back, Forward, Refresh, Stop.

 Tab Area : Allows multiple documents within one window.

 Scroll Bar : Moves up/down the page.

 Control Buttons : Minimize, maximize, close the browser.

3. Webpage Elements

 Header : Contains the website name/logo.

 Search Box : Helps users find specific content.

 Navigation Menu : Links to main pages.

 Footer : Includes copyright notices and legal information.

4. HTML Basics

 Tags : Define structure and formatting (e.g., <h1>, <p>, <a>).

 Special Characters : Use codes like &amp; for "&" and &copy; for "©".

Practice Questions

1. What is a web browser?

 Answer : A software application used to search and view information on the internet.

2. Who created the first web browser?

 Answer : Tim Berners-Lee in 1990.

3. What are the parts of a URL?

 Answer : Protocol (http://), domain name (.com), folder (sitemap), file (index.html).

4. What HTML tag creates a hyperlink?

 Answer : <a href="URL">Link Text</a>.

5. What is the purpose of the <title> tag?

 Answer : Defines the title of the webpage displayed in the browser tab.

Module 4: Web Page 2

Key Concepts

1. Formatting Text in HTML

 Italic : <i> or <em>.

 Underline : <u>.

 Strikethrough : <s>.

 Superscript/Subscript : <sup> and <sub>.

2. Inserting Images

 Syntax: <img src="filename.jpg" alt="Description" width="200" height="200">.

3. Creating Tables

 Tags: <table>, <tr> (rows), <td> (cells), <th> (headers).

4. Hyperlinks

 Syntax: <a href="URL" target="_blank">Link Text</a>.

5. Audio and Presentations

 Audio: <audio controls><source src="file.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"></audio>.

 Presentations: Upload to Google Drive and link via <a href="URL">.

Practice Questions

1. How do you create a line break in HTML?

 Answer : Use the <br> tag.

2. What is the syntax for inserting an image?

 Answer : <img src="filename.jpg" alt="Description">.

3. How do you open a hyperlink in a new tab?

 Answer : Add target="_blank" to the <a> tag.

4. What is the difference between <b> and <strong>?

 Answer : Both make text bold, but <strong> emphasizes importance semantically.

5. What are the supported image formats in HTML?

 Answer : BMP, JPG, GIF, PNG.

Tips for Perfect Marks

1. Understand Key Terms : Memorize definitions of terms like LAN, WAN, HTML, URL, etc.

2. Practice Coding : Write simple HTML code for headings, paragraphs, links, images, and tables.

3. Focus on Ethics : Be familiar with internet ethics and their importance.

4. Review Diagrams : Study diagrams of network setups, browser windows, and HTML structures.

5. Answer Precisely : Stick to concise answers based on module content.

By mastering these concepts and practicing consistently, you'll achieve perfect marks! Good luck!