pJava Swing

1. Java Swing tutorial is a part of Java Foundation Classes (JFC) that is used
to create window-based applications.

2. It is built on the top of AWT (Abstract Windowing Toolkit) API and entirely
written in java.

3. Java Swing provides platform-independent and lightweight components.

The javax.swing package provides classes for java swing API such as
 JButton
 JTextField
 JTextArea
 JRadioButton
 JCheckbox
 JMenu
 JColorChooser

No. Java AWT Java Swing

1 AWT components are platform- Java swing components

) dependent. are platform-independent.

2 AWT components are heavyweight. Swing components

) are lightweight.

3 AWT doesn't support pluggable Swing supports pluggable

) look and feel. look and feel.

4 AWT provides less components than Swing provides more

) Swing. powerful components such
as tables, lists, scrollpanes,
colorchooser, tabbedpane etc.

1
 5 AWT doesn't follows MVC(Model Swing follows MVC.
) View Controller) where model
represents data, view represents
presentation and controller acts as an
interface between model and view.

Hierarchy of Java Swing classes

Simple Java Swing Example

File: FirstSwingExample.java

import javax.swing.*;
public class FirstSwingExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{

2
 JFrame f=new JFrame();//creating instance of JFrame
JButton b=new JButton("click");//creating instance of JButton
b.setBounds(130,100,100, 40);//x axis, y axis, width, height
f.add(b);//adding button in JFrame
f.setSize(400,500);//400 width and 500 height
f.setLayout(null);//using no layout managers
f.setVisible(true);//making the frame visible
}
}

Java JButton

 The JButton class is used to create a labeled button that has platform
independent implementation.

 The application result in some action when the button is pushed. It inherits
AbstractButton class.

Java JButton Example

import javax.swing.*;
public class ButtonExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{

3
 JFrame f=new JFrame("Button Example");
JButton b=new JButton("Click Here");
b.setBounds(50,100,95,30);
f.add(b);
f.setSize(400,400);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
}

Output:

Example of displaying image on the button:

import javax.swing.*;
public class ButtonExample
{
ButtonExample(){
JFrame f=new JFrame("Button Example");
JButton b=new JButton(new ImageIcon("D:\\icon.png"));
b.setBounds(100,100,100, 40);
f.add(b);
f.setSize(300,400);
f.setLayout(null);
4
 f.setVisible(true);
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
new ButtonExample();
}
}

Output:

Java JLabel

 The object of JLabel class is a component for placing text in a container. It is

used to display a single line of read only text.

 The text can be changed by an application but a user cannot edit it directly.
It inherits JComponent class.

Java JLabel Example

import javax.swing.*;
class LabelExample
{
public static void main(String args[])

5
 {
JFrame f= new JFrame("Label Example");
JLabel l1,l2;
l1=new JLabel("First Label.");
l1.setBounds(50,50, 100,30);
l2=new JLabel("Second Label.");
l2.setBounds(50,100, 100,30);
f.add(l1); f.add(l2);
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
}

Output:

Java JTextField

 The object of a JTextField class is a text component that allows the editing
of a single line text. It inherits JTextComponent class.

Java JTextField Example

import javax.swing.*;
class TextFieldExample
{
public static void main(String args[])

6
 {
JFrame f= new JFrame("TextField Example");
JTextField t1,t2;
t1=new JTextField("Welcome to Javatpoint.");
t1.setBounds(50,100, 200,30);
t2=new JTextField("AWT Tutorial");
t2.setBounds(50,150, 200,30);
f.add(t1); f.add(t2);
f.setSize(400,400);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
} Output:

Java JPasswordField

 The object of a JPasswordField class is a text component specialized for

password entry. It allows the editing of a single line of text. It inherits
JTextField class.

Java JPasswordField Example

import javax.swing.*;
public class PasswordFieldExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame f=new JFrame("Password Field Example");
JPasswordField value = new JPasswordField();
JLabel l1=new JLabel("Password:");
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 l1.setBounds(20,100, 80,30);
value.setBounds(100,100,100,30);
f.add(value); f.add(l1);
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true); }
}

Output:

APPLICATION 1 : CALCULATOR

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
public class TextFieldExample implements ActionListener{
JTextField tf1,tf2,tf3;
JButton b1,b2;
TextFieldExample(){
JFrame f= new JFrame();
tf1=new JTextField();
tf1.setBounds(50,50,150,20);
tf2=new JTextField();
tf2.setBounds(50,100,150,20);
tf3=new JTextField();

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 tf3.setBounds(50,150,150,20);
tf3.setEditable(false);
b1=new JButton("+");
b1.setBounds(50,200,50,50);
b2=new JButton("-");
b2.setBounds(120,200,50,50);
b1.addActionListener(this);
b2.addActionListener(this);
f.add(tf1);f.add(tf2);f.add(tf3);f.add(b1);f.add(b2);
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String s1=tf1.getText();
String s2=tf2.getText();
int a=Integer.parseInt(s1);
int b=Integer.parseInt(s2);
int c=0;
if(e.getSource()==b1){
c=a+b;
}else if(e.getSource()==b2){
c=a-b;
}
String result=String.valueOf(c);
tf3.setText(result);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TextFieldExample();
}}

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Output:

APPLICATION – 2 LOGIN FORM

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
public class PasswordFieldExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame f=new JFrame("Password Field Example");
final JLabel label = new JLabel();
label.setBounds(20,150, 200,50);
final JPasswordField value = new JPasswordField();
value.setBounds(100,75,100,30);
JLabel l1=new JLabel("Username:");
l1.setBounds(20,20, 80,30);
JLabel l2=new JLabel("Password:");
l2.setBounds(20,75, 80,30);
JButton b = new JButton("Login");
b.setBounds(100,120, 80,30);
final JTextField text = new JTextField();

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 text.setBounds(100,20, 100,30);
f.add(value); f.add(l1); f.add(label); f.add(l2); f.add(b); f.add(text);
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
b.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String data = "Username " + text.getText();
data += ", Password: "
+ new String(value.getPassword());
label.setText(data);
}
}); }
} Output:

Java JCheckBox

 The JCheckBox class is used to create a checkbox. It is used to turn an

option on (true) or off (false).
 Clicking on a CheckBox changes its state from "on" to "off" or from "off" to
"on ".
 It inherits JToggleButton class.

Java JCheckBox Example

import javax.swing.*;

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 public class CheckBoxExample
{
CheckBoxExample(){
JFrame f= new JFrame("CheckBox Example");
JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("C++");
checkBox1.setBounds(100,100, 50,50);
JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("Java", true);
checkBox2.setBounds(100,150, 50,50);
f.add(checkBox1);
f.add(checkBox2);
f.setSize(400,400);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
new CheckBoxExample();
}}

Output:

Java JRadioButton

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  The JRadioButton class is used to create a radio button. It is used to
choose one option from multiple options. It is widely used in exam
systems or quiz.
 It should be added in ButtonGroup to select one radio button only.

Java JRadioButton Example

import javax.swing.*;
public class RadioButtonExample {
JFrame f;
RadioButtonExample(){
f=new JFrame();
JRadioButton r1=new JRadioButton("A) Male");
JRadioButton r2=new JRadioButton("B) Female");
r1.setBounds(75,50,100,30);
r2.setBounds(75,100,100,30);
ButtonGroup bg=new ButtonGroup();
bg.add(r1);bg.add(r2);
f.add(r1);f.add(r2);
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new RadioButtonExample();
}
}

Output:

13
 Java JComboBox

Java JComboBox Example

import javax.swing.*;
public class ComboBoxExample {
JFrame f;
ComboBoxExample(){
f=new JFrame("ComboBox Example");
String country[]={"India","Aus","U.S.A","England","Newzealand"};
JComboBox cb=new JComboBox(country);
cb.setBounds(50, 50,90,20);
f.add(cb);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setSize(400,500);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ComboBoxExample();
}
}

Output:

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Java JScrollBar Example
import javax.swing.*;
class ScrollBarExample
{
ScrollBarExample(){
JFrame f= new JFrame("Scrollbar Example");
JScrollBar s=new JScrollBar();
s.setBounds(100,100, 50,100);
f.add(s);
f.setSize(400,400);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
new ScrollBarExample();
}}

Output:

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Java JPopupMenu Example
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
class PopupMenuExample
{
PopupMenuExample(){
final JFrame f= new JFrame("PopupMenu Example");
final JPopupMenu popupmenu = new JPopupMenu("Edit");
JMenuItem cut = new JMenuItem("Cut");
JMenuItem copy = new JMenuItem("Copy");
JMenuItem paste = new JMenuItem("Paste");
popupmenu.add(cut); popupmenu.add(copy); popupmenu.add(paste);

f.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
popupmenu.show(f , e.getX(), e.getY());
}
});
f.add(popupmenu);
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setLayout(null);
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 f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
new PopupMenuExample();
}}

Output:

Java JPanel Example

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class PanelExample {
PanelExample()
{

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 JFrame f= new JFrame("Panel Example");
JPanel panel=new JPanel();
panel.setBounds(40,80,200,200);
panel.setBackground(Color.gray);
JButton b1=new JButton("Button 1");
b1.setBounds(50,100,80,30);
b1.setBackground(Color.yellow);
JButton b2=new JButton("Button 2");
b2.setBounds(100,100,80,30);
b2.setBackground(Color.green);
panel.add(b1); panel.add(b2);
f.add(panel);
f.setSize(400,400);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
new PanelExample();
}
}

Output:

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Java JTable

Java JTable Example

import javax.swing.*;
public class TableExample {
JFrame f;
TableExample(){
f=new JFrame();
String data[][]={ {"101","Amit","670000"},
{"102","Jai","780000"},
{"101","Sachin","700000"}};
String column[]={"ID","NAME","SALARY"};
JTable jt=new JTable(data,column);
jt.setBounds(30,40,200,300);
JScrollPane sp=new JScrollPane(jt);
f.add(sp);
f.setSize(300,400);
f.setVisible(true);
}

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 public static void main(String[] args) {
new TableExample();
}
}

Output:

Java JTree

 The JTree class is used to display the tree structured data or hierarchical
data. JTree is a complex component.

 It has a 'root node' at the top most which is a parent for all nodes in the tree.
It inherits JComponent class.

Java JTree Example

import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.tree.DefaultMutableTreeNode;
public class TreeExample {
JFrame f;
TreeExample(){
f=new JFrame();
DefaultMutableTreeNode style=new DefaultMutableTreeNode("Style");
DefaultMutableTreeNode color=new DefaultMutableTreeNode("color");
DefaultMutableTreeNode font=new DefaultMutableTreeNode("font");
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 style.add(color);
style.add(font);
DefaultMutableTreeNode red=new DefaultMutableTreeNode("red");
DefaultMutableTreeNode blue=new DefaultMutableTreeNode("blue");
DefaultMutableTreeNode black=new DefaultMutableTreeNode("black");
DefaultMutableTreeNode green=new DefaultMutableTreeNode("green");
color.add(red); color.add(blue); color.add(black); color.add(green);
JTree jt=new JTree(style);
f.add(jt);
f.setSize(200,200);
f.setVisible(true); }
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TreeExample(); }}

Output:

Java JTabbedPane

 The JTabbedPane class is used to switch between a group of components by

clicking on a tab with a given title or icon. It inherits JComponent class.

Java JTabbedPane Example

import javax.swing.*;
public class TabbedPaneExample {
JFrame f;
TabbedPaneExample(){

21
 f=new JFrame();
JTextArea ta=new JTextArea(200,200);
JPanel p1=new JPanel();
p1.add(ta);
JPanel p2=new JPanel();
JPanel p3=new JPanel();
JTabbedPane tp=new JTabbedPane();
tp.setBounds(50,50,200,200);
tp.add("main",p1);
tp.add("visit",p2);
tp.add("help",p3);
f.add(tp);
f.setSize(400,400);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TabbedPaneExample();
}}

Output:

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Java JScrollPane

 A JscrollPane is used to make scrollable view of a component.

 When screen size is limited, we use a scroll pane to display a large
component or a component whose size can change dynamically.

JScrollPane Example
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JtextArea;
public class JScrollPaneExample {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private static void createAndShowGUI() {
// Create and set up the window.
final JFrame frame = new JFrame("Scroll Pane Example");
// Display the window.
frame.setSize(500, 500);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
// set flow layout for the frame
frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 20);
JScrollPane scrollableTextArea = new JScrollPane(textArea);
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 scrollableTextArea.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.HORIZ
ONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
scrollableTextArea.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(JScrollPane.VERTICA
L_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
frame.getContentPane().add(scrollableTextArea);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGUI();
}
});
}
}

Output:

APPLICATION 3 : REGISTRATION FORM

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Create a Registration form using Swing.

import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import javax.swing.ButtonGroup;
import javax.swing.JComboBox;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JRadioButton;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
public class SwingEx extends JFrame
{
SwingEx()
{
JPanel p = new JPanel();
setSize(300,300);
add(p);
p.setSize(300, 300);
p.setLayout(new GridLayout(7,2));
JLabel nameLabel = new JLabel();
nameLabel.setText("Name");
p.add(nameLabel);
JTextField nameText = new JTextField();
p.add(nameText);
JLabel fatherLabel = new JLabel();

25
fatherLabel.setText("Fathers Name");
p.add(fatherLabel);
JTextField fatherText = new JTextField();
p.add(fatherText);
JLabel genderLabel = new JLabel();
genderLabel.setText("Gender");
JRadioButton male = new JRadioButton("Male");
JRadioButton female = new JRadioButton("Female");
//CheckboxGroup lngGrp = new CheckboxGroup();
JLabel emptyLabel = new JLabel();
ButtonGroup genderRadio = new ButtonGroup();
genderRadio.add(male);
genderRadio.add(female);
p.add(genderLabel);
p.add(emptyLabel);
p.add(male);
p.add(female);
JLabel hobbyLabel = new JLabel();
hobbyLabel.setText("Hobby");
JComboBox hobbyCombo = new JComboBox ();
hobbyCombo.addItem("Reading");
hobbyCombo.addItem("Dance");
hobbyCombo.addItem("Painting");
p.add(hobbyLabel);
p.add(hobbyCombo);
JLabel addressLabel = new JLabel();
addressLabel.setText("Address");
26
p.add(addressLabel);
TextArea t = new TextArea();
p.add(t);
t.setSize(8,5);
t.setText("");
p.setVisible(true);
Button submitButton = new Button();
submitButton.setLabel("Submit");
p.add(submitButton);
Button cancelButton = new Button();
cancelButton.setLabel("Cancel");
p.add(cancelButton);
setVisible(true);
} public static void main(String args[])
{ new SwingEx();
}} OUTPUT

27
LAYOUT MANAGERS
 The LayoutManagers are used to arrange components in a particular manner.
LayoutManager is an interface that is implemented by all the classes of
layout managers. There are following classes that represents the layout
managers:
1. java.awt.BorderLayout
2. java.awt.FlowLayout
3. java.awt.GridLayout
4. java.awt.CardLayout
5. java.awt.GridBagLayout
6. javax.swing.BoxLayout
7. javax.swing.GroupLayout
8. javax.swing.ScrollPaneLayout
9. javax.swing.SpringLayout etc.

Java BorderLayout
Example of BorderLayout class:

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class Border {

JFrame f;
28
 Border(){
f=new JFrame();

JButton b1=new JButton("NORTH");;

JButton b2=new JButton("SOUTH");;
JButton b3=new JButton("EAST");;
JButton b4=new JButton("WEST");;
JButton b5=new JButton("CENTER");;
f.add(b1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
f.add(b2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
f.add(b3,BorderLayout.EAST);
f.add(b4,BorderLayout.WEST);
f.add(b5,BorderLayout.CENTER);
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Border();
}
}
Java GridLayout

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Example of GridLayout class

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class MyGridLayout{
JFrame f;
MyGridLayout(){
f=new JFrame();
JButton b1=new JButton("1");
JButton b2=new JButton("2");
JButton b3=new JButton("3");
JButton b4=new JButton("4");
JButton b5=new JButton("5");
JButton b6=new JButton("6");
JButton b7=new JButton("7");
JButton b8=new JButton("8");
JButton b9=new JButton("9");
f.add(b1);f.add(b2);f.add(b3);f.add(b4);f.add(b5);
f.add(b6);f.add(b7);f.add(b8);f.add(b9);

30
 f.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,3));
//setting grid layout of 3 rows and 3 columns
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyGridLayout();
}
}
Java FlowLayout

Example of FlowLayout class

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class MyFlowLayout{
JFrame f;
MyFlowLayout(){
f=new JFrame();

31
 JButton b1=new JButton("1");
JButton b2=new JButton("2");
JButton b3=new JButton("3");
JButton b4=new JButton("4");
JButton b5=new JButton("5");
f.add(b1);f.add(b2);f.add(b3);f.add(b4);f.add(b5);
f.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
//setting flow layout of right alignment
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFlowLayout();
}
}
Java BoxLayout

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Example of BoxLayout class with Y-AXIS:

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class BoxLayoutExample1 extends Frame {
Button buttons[];
public BoxLayoutExample1 () {
buttons = new Button [5];
for (int i = 0;i<5;i++) {
buttons[i] = new Button ("Button " + (i + 1));
add (buttons[i]);
}
setLayout (new BoxLayout (this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
setSize(400,400);
setVisible(true);
}

33
 public static void main(String args[]){
BoxLayoutExample1 b=new BoxLayoutExample1();
}
}
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Java BoxLayout

The BoxLayout is used to arrange the components either vertically or

horizontally. For this purpose, BoxLayout provides four constants. They are as
follows:

Note: BoxLayout class is found in javax.swing package.

Fields of BoxLayout class

1. public static final int X_AXIS
2. public static final int Y_AXIS
3. public static final int LINE_AXIS
4. public static final int PAGE_AXIS

Constructor of BoxLayout class

1. BoxLayout(Container c, int axis): creates a box layout that arranges the
components with the given axis.

34
 Example of BoxLayout class with Y-AXIS:

1. import java.awt.*;
2. import javax.swing.*;
3.
4. public class BoxLayoutExample1 extends Frame {
5. Button buttons[];
6.
7. public BoxLayoutExample1 () {
8. buttons = new Button [5];
9.
10. for (int i = 0;i<5;i++) {
11. buttons[i] = new Button ("Button " + (i + 1));
12. add (buttons[i]);
13. }
14.
15.setLayout (new BoxLayout (this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));

35
16.setSize(400,400);
17.setVisible(true);
18.}
19.
20.public static void main(String args[]){
21.BoxLayoutExample1 b=new BoxLayoutExample1();
22.}
23.}
download this example

Example of BoxLayout class with X-AXIS

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class BoxLayoutExample2 extends Frame {

36
 Button buttons[];
public BoxLayoutExample2() {
buttons = new Button [5];

for (int i = 0;i<5;i++) {

buttons[i] = new Button ("Button " + (i + 1));
add (buttons[i]);
}
setLayout (new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
setSize(400,400);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String args[]){
BoxLayoutExample2 b=new BoxLayoutExample2();
}
}
Java CardLayout

37
Example of CardLayout class

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class CardLayoutExample extends JFrame implements ActionListe
ner{
CardLayout card;
JButton b1,b2,b3;
Container c;
CardLayoutExample(){
c=getContentPane();
card=new CardLayout(40,30);
//create CardLayout object with 40 hor space and 30 ver space
c.setLayout(card);

b1=new JButton("Apple");
38
 b2=new JButton("Boy");
b3=new JButton("Cat");
b1.addActionListener(this);
b2.addActionListener(this);
b3.addActionListener(this);
c.add("a",b1);c.add("b",b2);c.add("c",b3);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
card.next(c);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
CardLayoutExample cl=new CardLayoutExample();
cl.setSize(400,400);
cl.setVisible(true);
cl.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
}

39