Shri Vishwanath P. G.

College Kalan, Sultanpur

(Affiliated)
DR. RAM MANOHAR LOHIA AVADH UNIVERSITY, AYODHYA
Structure of Syllabus for the Program: B.Sc.
Subject: MATHEMATICS

SEMESTER-WISETITLESOFTHEPAPERSINUGPHYSICSCOURSE
SEME- COURSE THEORY/
YEAR PAPER TITLE CREDIT
STER CODE PRACTICAL
CERTIFICATE
CERTIFICATE COURSE IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS
B030101T Differential Calculus & Integral Calculus Theory 4
I
B030102P Practical Practical 2
FIRST
YEAR

II B030201T Matrices and Differential Equations & Geometry Theory 6

DIPLOMA
DIPLOMA IN MATHEMATICS

B030301T Algebra & Mathematical Methods 6

SECOND

III Theory
YEAR

IV B030401T Differential Equation & Mechanic Theory 6

DEGREE
DEGREE IN MATHEMATICS

B030501T Group and Ring Theory & Linear Algebra Theory 5

B030502T (i) Differential Geometry & Tensor Theory 5

V Analysis
THIRD YEAR

B030601T Metric Space & Complex Analysis Theory 4

VI B030602T Numerical Analysis & Operations Research Theory 4
B030603P Practical Practical 2
 Semester I
Theoretical Paper
B050101T: Cytology, Genetics and Infectious Diseases
Unit Topics Total
No. of
Lectu
res
(60)
Introduction to Indian ancient Mathematics and Mathematicians should be included under
Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE).
I Definition of a sequence, theorems on limits of sequences, bounded and monotonic sequences, Cauchy's
convergence criterion, Cauchy sequence, limit superior and limit inferior of a sequence, subsequence, Series
of non-negative terms, convergence and divergence, Comparison tests, Cauchy's integral test, Ratio tests,9
Root test, Raabe's logarithmic test, de Morgan and Bertrand's tests, alternating series, Leibnitz's theorem,
absolute and conditional convergence.
Limit, continuity and differentiability of function of single variable, Cauchy’s definition, Heine’s
II definition, equivalence of definition of Cauchy and Heine, Uniform continuity, Borel’s theorem,
boundedness theorem, Bolzano’s theorem, Intermediate value theorem, extreme value theorem, Darboux's 7
intermediate value theorem for derivatives, Chain rule, indeterminate forms.
Rolle’s theorem, Lagrange and Cauchy Mean value theorems, mean value theorems of higher order,
Taylor's theorem with various forms of remainders, Successive differentiation, Leibnitz theorem,
III Maclaurin’s and Taylor’s series, Partial differentiation, Euler’s theorem on homogeneous function. 7
IV Tangent and normals, Asymptotes, Curvature, Envelops and evolutes, Tests for concavity and convexity,
Points of inflexion, Multiple points, Parametric representation of curves and tracing of parametric curves, 8
Tracing of curves in Cartesian and Polar forms.
V Definite integrals as limit of the sum, Riemann integral, Integrability of continuous and monotonic
functions, Fundamental theorem of integral calculus, Mean value theorems of integral calculus,
9
Differentiation under the sign of Integration.
VI Improper integrals, their classification and convergence, Comparison test, μ-test, Abel's test, Dirichlet's
test, quotient test, Beta and Gamma functions. 7
VII Rectification, Volumes and Surfaces of Solid of revolution, Pappus theorem, Multiple integrals, change of
order of double integration, Dirichlet’s theorem, Liouville’s theorem for multiple integrals. 7
VIII Vector Differentiation, Gradient, Divergence and Curl, Normal on a surface, Directional Derivative,
Vector Integration, Theorems of Gauss, Green, Stokes and related problems. 7
Suggested Readings: (A) & (B)
1. R.G. Bartle & D.R. Sherbert, Introduction to Real Analysis, John Wiley & Sons
2. T.M. Apostal, Calculus Vol. I, John Wiley & Sons Inc.
3. S. Balachandra Rao & C. K. Shantha, Differential Calculus, New Age Publication.
4. H. Anton, I. Birens and S. Davis, Calculus, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2002.
1. T.M. Apostal, Calculus Vol. II, John Wiley Publication
2. Shanti Narayan & Dr. P.K. Mittal, Integral Calculus, S.Chand
3. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons.
5. Suggestive digital platforms web links: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS
 Practical
B030102P: Mathematics
Unit Topics Total No. of
Lectures (60)
I Practical / Lab work to be performed in Computer Lab.
List of the practicals to be done using Mathematica /MATLAB /Maple /Scilab/Maxima etc.

1. Plotting the graphs of the following functions:

(i) ax
(ii) [x] (greatest integer function)
(iii) x2n ; n ∈ N
(iv) x2n−1 ; n ∈ N

(v) 1 ;n ∈ N
X2n−1

(vi) 1 ;n ∈ N
X2n

(vii) √ax + b, |ax + b|, c ± |ax + b|

| |
1
X , sin ( , x sin 1 , eX, e−X for x ≠ 0.
𝑥
) ( )
X X X
1
eax+b, log(ax + b) , , sin(ax + b), cos(ax + b) , |sin(ax + b)|, |cos(ax + b)|.
𝑎𝑥 +𝑏

Observe and discuss the effect of changes in the real constants a and b on the graphs.

(2) By plotting the graph find the solution of the equation 60

x= ex, x2
+1 = 1− ex,
= x = log10(x) , cos(𝑥) = 𝑥, sin(𝑥) = 𝑥, cos(y) = cos(x) ,
x2 ex,
sin(𝑦) = sin(𝑥) etc
(3) Plotting the graphs of polynomial of degree 2,3, 4 and 5, and their first and second derivatives.
(4) Sketching parametric curves, e.g., Trochoid, Cycloid, Epicycloid and Hypocycloid etc.

(5) Tracing of conic in Cartesian coordinates.

(6) Graph of circular and hyperbolic functions.

(7) Obtaining surface of revolution of curves.

(8) Complex numbers and their representations, Operations like addition, Multiplication,
Division, Modulus. Graphical representationof polar form.

(9) Find numbers between two real numbers and plotting of finite and infinite subset of R.

(10) Matrix Operations: Addition, Multiplication, Inverse, Transpose, Determinant, Rank,

Eigenvectors, Eigenvalues, Characteristicequation and verification of the Cayley-Hamilton
theorem, Solving the systems of linear equations.
(11) Study the convergence of sequences through plotting.

(12) Verify Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem through plotting of sequences and hence

identify convergent subsequences from the plot.(13)Study the convergence/divergence of
infinite series by plotting their sequences of partial sum.

(14) Cauchy’s root test by plotting n-th roots.

(15) Ratio test by plotting the ratio of n-th and (n + 1)-th term.
 Semester II
Theoretical Paper
B030201T: Matrices and Differential Equations & Geometry
Unit Topics Total No. of
Lectures (60)
I Types of Matrices, Elementary operations on Matrices, Rank of a Matrix,
12
Echelon form of a Matrix, Normal form of a Matrix, Inverse of a Matrix by
elementary operations, System of linear homogeneous and non-homogeneous
equations, Theorems on consistency of a system of linear equations.

II Eigen values, Eigen vectors and characteristic equation of a matrix, Caley-

11
Hamilton theorem and its use in finding inverse of a matrix, Complex functions
and separation into real and imaginary parts, Exponential and Logarithmic
functions Inverse trigonometric and hyperbolic functions.

III Formation of differential equations, Geometrical meaning of a differential

11
equation, Equation of first order and first degree, Equation in which the
variables are separable, Homogeneous equations, Exact differential equations
and equations reducible to the exact form, Linear equations.

IV First order higher degree equations solvable for x, y, p, Clairaut’s equation

and singular solutions, orthogonal trajectories, Linear differential equation of
11
order greater than one with constant coefficients, Cauchy- Euler form.

V General equation of second degree, System of conics, Tracing of conics, 12

Confocal conics, Polar equation of conics and its properties.

VI Three-Dimensional Coordinates, Projection and Direction Cosine, Plane 11

(Cartesian and vector form), Straight line in three dimension.
VII Sphere, Cone and Cylinder. 11

VIII Central conicoids, Paraboloids, Plane section of conicoids, Generating

11
lines, Confocal conicoids, Reduction of second degree equations.

Suggested Readings (PART-A Matrices and Differential Equations): Unit I to IV

1. Stephen H. Friedberg, A.J Insel & L.E. Spence, Linear Algebra, Person
2. B. Rai, D.P. Choudhary & H. J. Freedman, A Course in Differential Equations, Narosa
3. D.A. Murray, Introductory Course in Differential Equations, Orient Longman
4. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs

Suggested Readings (Part-B Geometry): Unit V to VIII

1. Robert J.T Bell, Elementary Treatise on Coordinate Geometry of three dimensions, Macmillan India Ltd.
2. P.R. Vittal, Analytical Geometry 2d & 3D, Pearson.
3. S.L. Loney, The Elements of Coordinate Geometry, McMillan and Company, London.
4. R.J.T. Bill, Elementary Treatise on Coordinate Geometry of Three Dimensions, McMillan India Ltd., 1994.
 Semester III
Theoretical Paper
B030301T: Algebra & Mathematical Methods
Unit Topic Total No.
of
Lectures
(60)
Introduction to Indian ancient Mathematics and Mathematicians should be included
under Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE). 12
I Equivalence relations and partitions, Congruence modulo n, Definition of a group with
examples and simple properties, Subgroups, Generators of a group, Cyclic groups.

Permutation groups, Even and odd permutations, The alternating group, Cayley’s
II theorem, Direct products, Coset decomposition, Lagrange’s theorem and its consequences, 11
Fermat and Euler theorems

Normal subgroups, Quotient groups, Homomorphism and isomorphism, Fundamental 11

III theorem of homomorphism, Theorems on

isomorphism.
Rings, Subrings, Integral domains and fields, Characteristic of a ring, Ideal and quotient 11
IV rings, Ring homomorphism, Field of quotient of an integral domain.

Limit and Continuity of functions of two variables, Differentiation of function of two

12
variables, Necessary and sufficient condition for
V differentiability of functions two variables, Schwarz’s and Young theorem, Taylor's
theorem for functions of two variables with examples, Maxima and minima for functions
of two variables, Lagrange multiplier method, Jacobians.
Existence theorems for Laplace transforms, Linearity of Laplace transform and their
11
properties, Laplace transform of the derivatives and integrals of a function, Convolution
VI
theorem, inverse Laplace transforms, Solution of the differential equations using Laplace
transforms.

Fourier series, Fourier expansion of piecewise monotonic functions, Half and full range
VII 11
expansions, Fourier transforms (finite and infinite), Fourier integral.

Calculus of variations-Variational problems with fixed boundaries- Euler's equation for

11
functionals containing first order derivative and one independent variable, Extremals,
VIII Functionals dependent on higher order derivatives, Functionals dependent on more than one
independent variable, Variational problems in parametric form.

Suggested Readings(Part-A Algebra): Unit I to IV

1. J.B. Fraleigh, A first course in Abstract Algebra, Addison-weley
2. I. N. Herstein, Topics in Algebra, John Wiley & Sons
3. Suggested digital plateform: NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS
Suggested Readings (Part- B Mathematical Methods): Unit Vto VIII
1. T.M. Apostal, Mathematical Analysis, Person
2. G.F. Simmons, Differential Equations with Application and Historical Notes, Tata -McGrawHill
3. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons.
 Semester IV
Theoretical Paper
B030401T: Differential Equations & Mechanics

Uni Topic Total No. of

t Lectures
(60)
I
Second order linear differential equations with variable coefficients: Use of a known solution to 12
find another, normal form, method of undetermined coefficient, variation of parameters, Series
solutions of differential equations, Power series method.

II
Bessel, Legendre and Hypergeometric functions and their properties, recurrence and generating 11
relations.
III
Origin of first order partial differential equations. Partial differential equations of the first order and
11
degree one, Lagrange's solution, Partial differential equation of first order and degree greater than
one. Charpit's method of solution, Surfaces Orthogonal to the given system of surfaces.
IV Origin of second order PDE, Solution of partial differential equations of the second and
11
higher order with constant coefficients, Classification of linear partial differential equations
of second order, Solution of second order partial differential equations with variable
coefficients, Monge's method of solution.
V Frame of reference, work energy principle, Forces in three dimensions, Poinsot's central axis, 12
Wrenches, Null lines and planes.

VI Virtual work, Stable and Unstable equilibrium, Catenary, Catenary of uniform strength. 11

VII Velocities and accelerations along radial and transverse directions, and along tangential and
11
normal directions, Simple Harmonic motion, Motion under other law of forces. Elastic strings,
Motion in resisting medium, Constrained motion, Motion on smooth and rough plane curves.

VIII Motion of particles of varying mass, Rocket motion, Central orbit, Kepler's laws of m otion,
11
Motion of particle in three dimensions, Rotating frame of reference, Rotating Earth, Acceleration
in terms of different coordinates systems.

Suggested Readings(Part-A Differential Equations):

1. G.F. Simmons, Differential Equations with Application and Historical Notes, Tata –McGrawHill
2. B. Rai, D.P. Choudhary & H. J. Freedman, A Course of Ordinary Differential Equations, Narosa
3. Ian N. Snedden, Elements of Partial Differential Equations, Dover Publication

Suggested Readings(Part-B Mechanics):

1. R.C. Hibbeler, Engineering Mechanics-Statics, Prentics Hall Publishers
2. R.C. Hibbeler, Engineering Mechanics-Dynamics, Prentics Hall Publishers
3. A. Nelson, Engineering Mechanics Statics and Dynamics, Tata McGraw Hill
 Semester V
Theoretical Paper -I
B030501T: Group and Ring Theory & Linear Algebra

Unit Topic Total No. of

Lectures (60)
Introduction to Indian ancient Mathematics and Mathematicians should be included
I under Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE). 10
Automorphism, inner automorphism, Automorphism groups, Automorphism groups of
finite and infinite cyclic groups, Characteristic subgroups, Commutator subgroup and its
properties; Applications of factor groups to automorphism groups.

Conjugacy classes, The class equation, p-groups, The Sylow theorems and 10
II
consequences, Applications of Sylow theorems; Finite simple groups, Nonsimplicity
tests; Generalized Cayley’s theorem, Index theorem, Embedding theorem and applications.
Polynomial rings over commutative rings, Division algorithm and consequences,
Principal ideal domains, Factorization of polynomials, Reducibility tests, Irreducibility
III tests, Eisenstein criterion, Unique factorization in Z[x]. 9

Divisibility in integral domains, Irreducibles, Primes, Unique factorization domains,

IV Euclidean domains. 9

V Vector spaces, Subspaces, Linear independence and dependence of vectors, Basis and 10
Dimension, Quotient space.

VI Linear transformations, The Algebra of linear transformations, rank nullity theorem, their 9
representation as matrices.

Linear functionals, Dual space, Characteristic values, Cayley Hamilton Theorem. 9

VII
Inner product spaces and norms, Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, Orthogonal vectors,
9
VIII Orthonormal sets and bases, Bessel’s inequality for finite dimensional spaces, Gram-
Schmidt orthogonalization process, Bilinear and Quadratic forms.
Suggested Readings:

1. Topics in Algebra by I. N. Herstein.

2. Linear Algebra by K. Hoffman and R. Kunze.

3. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs

 Theoretical Paper-II

B030502T: Differential Geometry & Tensor Analysis

Unit Topic Total No. of
Lectures
(60)
Local theory of curves-Space curves, Examples, Plane Curves, tangent and normal and binormal,
Osculating Plane, normal plane and rectifying plane, Osculating circle, osculating sphere Helices,
Serret-Frenet apparatus, contact between curve and surfaces, tangent surfaces, involutes and 10
I evolutes of curves, Bertrand curves, Intrinsic equations, fundamental existence theorem for space
curves.

Local Theory of Surfaces- Parametric patches on surface curve of a surface, family of surfaces
(one parameter), edge of regression,rues surfaces, skew ruled surfaces and developable surfaces, 9
II surfaces of revolution, Helicoids.

Metric-first fundamental form and arc length, Direction coefficients, families of curves,
intrinsic properties, geodesics, canonicalgeodesic equations, normal properties of geodesics,
III 9
geodesics curvature, Geodesic polars.

Gauss-Bonnet theorem, curvature of curves on surfaces, Gaussian curvature, normal curvature,

Meusneir’s theorem, mean curvature,Gaussian curvature, umbilic points, lines of curvature,
IV Rodrigue’s formula, Euler’s theorem. 9

Tensor algebra: Vector spaces, the dual spaces, tensor product of vector spaces, transformation 10
formulae, contraction, special tensors- symmetric tensor, inner product, associated tensor with
V examples.
Tensor Analysis: Contravariant and covariant vectors and tensors, Mixed tensors, Symmetric and
skew-symmetric tensors, Algebra of tensors, Contraction and inner product, Quotient theorem, 10
VI
Reciprocal tensors, Christoffel’s symbols, Law of transformation of Christoffel’s symbols,
Covariant differentiation, non- commutativity of Covariant derivative.
Gradient of scalars, Divergence of a contravariant vector, covariant vector and conservative
VII vectors, Laplacian of an invariant, curl of acovariant vector, irrotational vector, with examples. 9

Riemannian space, Riemannian curvatures and their properties, geodesics, geodesic curvature,
VIII geometrical interpretation of curvaturetensor, Ricci tensor, scalar curvature, Einstein space and 9
Einstein tensor.
Suggested Readings (Part-A Differential Geometry): Unit I to IV

1. T.J. Willmore, An Introduction to Differential Geometry, Dover Publications, 2012.

2. B. O’Neill, Elementary Differential Geometry, 2nd Ed., Academic Press, 2006.
3. C.E. Weatherburn, Differential Geometry of Three Dimensions, Cambridge University Press 2003.
4. D.J. Struik, Lectures on Classical Differential Geometry, Dover Publications, 1988.

Suggested Readings (Part-B Tensor Analysis): Unit V to VIII

1. Tensors- Mathematics of Differential Geometry by Z. Ahsan, PHI,2015
2. David C. Kay, Tensor Analysis, Schaum's Outline Series, McGraw Hill 1988.
3. R. S, Mishra, A Course in Tensors with Applications to Reimannian Geometry, Pothishala Pvt. Ltd, Allahabad.
4. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS
 Semester VI
Theoretical Paper- I
B030601T: METRIC SPACES & COMPLEX ANALYSIS
Unit Topic Total No.
of Lectures
(60)
Basic Concepts
I 8
Metric spaces: Definition and examples, Sequences in metric spaces, Cauchy sequences, Complete
metric space.

Topology of Metric Spaces

II Open and closed ball, Neighborhood, Open set, Interior of a set, limit point of a set, derived set, 8
closed set, closure of a set, diameter ofa set, Cantor’s theorem, Subspaces, Dense set.

Continuity & Uniform Continuity in Metric Spaces

III Continuous mappings, Sequential criterion and other characterizations of continuity, Uniform 7
continuity, Homeomorphism,Contraction mapping, Banach fixed point theorem.
Connectedness and Compactness
Connectedness, Connected subsets of , Connectedness and continuous mappings, Compactness,
IV Compactness and boundedness,Continuous functions on compact spaces. 7

Analytic Functions and Cauchy-Riemann Equations

V Functions of complex variable, Mappings; Mappings by the exponential function, Limits, 8
Theorems on limits, Limits involving the point at infinity, Continuity, Derivatives, Differentiation
formulae, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Sufficient conditions for differentiability; Analytic
functions and their examples.
Elementary Functions and Integrals
VI Exponential function, Logarithmic function, Branches and derivatives of logarithms, 8
Trigonometric function, Derivatives of functions, Definite integrals of functions, Contours,
Contour integrals and its examples, Upper bounds for moduli of contour integrals.
Cauchy’s Theorems and Fundamental Theorem of Algebra
VII Antiderivatives, Proof of antiderivative theorem, Cauchy-Goursat theorem, Cauchy integral 7
formula; An extension of Cauchy integral formula, Consequences of Cauchy integral formula,
Liouville’s theorem and the fundamental theorem of algebra.
Series and Residues
Convergence of sequences and series, Taylor series and its examples; Laurent series and its
VIII 7
examples, Absolute and uniformconvergence of power series, Uniqueness of series representations
of power series, Isolated singular points, Residues, Cauchy’s residue theorem, residue at infinity;
Types of isolated singular points, Residues at poles and its examples.
Suggested Readings (Part-A Metric Space): Unit I to IV
1. Mathematical Analysis by Shanti Narain.
2. Shirali, Satish & Vasudeva, H. L. (2009). Metric Spaces, Springer, First Indian Print.
3. Kumaresan, S. (2014). Topology of Metric Spaces (2nd ed.). Narosa Publishing House. New Delhi.
4. Simmons, G. F. (2004). Introduction to Topology and Modern Analysis.Tata McGraw Hill. New
Delhi.
Suggested Readings (Part-B Complex Analysis): Unit V to VIII
1. Function of Complex Variable by Shanti Narain.
2. Complex variable and applications by Brown & Churchill.
3. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCS.
 Theoretical Paper-II

B030602T: Numerical Analysis & Operation Research

Unit Topic Total No. of
Lectures (60)
Solution of equations: bisection, Secant, Regular Falsi, Newton Raphson’s method,
I 8
Newton’s method for multiple roots, Interpolation, Lagrange and Hermite interpolation,
Difference schemes, Divided differences, Interpolation formula using differences.
Numerical differentiation, Numerical Quadrature: Newton Cotes Formulas, Gaussian
Quadrature Formulas, System of Linear equations: Direct method for solving systems of
II linear equations (Gauss elimination, LU Decomposition, Cholesky Decomposition), 8
Iterative methods (Jacobi, Gauss Seidel, Relaxation methods). The Algebraic Eigen value
problem: Jacobi’s method, Givens method,Power method.
Numerical solution of Ordinary differential equations: Euler method, single step
methods, Runge-Kutta method, Multi-step methods: Milne-Simpson method, Types of
III 7
approximation: Last Square polynomial approximation, Uniform approximation,
Chebyshev polynomial approximation.
Difference Equations and their solutions, Shooting method and Difference equation method
IV for solving Linear second order differential equation with boundary conditions of first, 7
second and third type.

Introduction, Linear programming problems, statement and formation of general linear

V 8
programming problems, graphical method, slack and surplus variables, standard and matrix
forms of linear programming problem, basic feasible solution.

Convex sets, fundamental theorem of linear programming, basic solution, Simplex

VI 8
method, introduction to artificial variables, two phase method Big-M method and their
comparison.

Resolution of degeneracy, duality in linear programming problems, primal dual

VII 7
relationships, revised simplex method, sensitivity analysis.
VIII Transportation problems, assignment problems. 7

Suggested Readings(Part-A Numerical Analysis):Unit I to IV

1. Numerical Methods for Engineering and scientific computation by M. K. Jain, S.R.K. Iyengar & R.K. Jain.
2. Introductory methods of Numerical Analysis by S. S. Sastry
3. Suggested digital plateform:NPTEL/SWAYAM/MOOCs
4. Course Books published in Hindi may be prescribed by the Universities.

Suggested Readings(Part-B Operation Research): V to VIII

1. Taha, Hamdy H, "Opearations Research- An Introduction ", Pearson Education.
2. Kanti Swarup , P. K. Gupta , Man Mohan Operations research, Sultan Chand & Sons
3. Hillier Frederick S and Lieberman Gerald J., “Operations Research”, McGraw Hill Publication.
4. Winston Wayne L., “Operations Research: Applications and Algorithms”, Cengage Learning, 4th Edition.
5. Hira D.S. and Gupta Prem Kumar, “Problems in Operations Research: Principles and Solutions”, S Chand & Co Ltd.
 Practical
B030603P: Practical

Unit Topic Total No. of

Lectures (60)
I Practical / Lab work to be performed in Computer Lab. 60
List of the practicals to be done using computer algebra software
(CAS), for example Mathematica/MATLAB/Maple/ Maxima/Scilabetc
1. Solution of transcendental and algebraic equations by
i) Bisection method
ii) Newton Raphson method (Simple root, multiple roots, complex
roots).
iii) Secant method.
iv) Regula Falsi method.
2. Solution of system of linear equations
i) LU decomposition method
ii) Gaussian elimination method
iii) Gauss-Jacobi method
iv) Gauss-Seidel method
3. Interpolation
i) Lagrange Interpolation
ii) Newton’s forward, backward and divided difference interpolations
4. Numerical Integration
i) Trapezoidal Rule
ii) Simpson’s one third rule
iii) Weddle’s Rule
iv) Gauss Quadrature
5. Method of finding Eigenvalue by Power method (up to 4 × 4 )
6. Fitting a Polynomial Function (up to third degree)
7. Solution of ordinary differential equations
i) Euler method
ii) Modified Euler method
iii) Runge Kutta method (order 4)
(iv) The method of successive approximations (Picard)