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Tutorial 1 - 2024-25

This document is a tutorial for 3rd Year Mechanical Engineering students at Assiut University, focusing on heat transfer concepts and calculations. It includes questions on thermal conductivity, mechanisms of heat transfer, and practical problems involving heat transfer through various materials and conditions. The tutorial aims to enhance understanding of heat transfer principles and their applications in engineering scenarios.

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s.eleslam122
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30 views3 pages

Tutorial 1 - 2024-25

This document is a tutorial for 3rd Year Mechanical Engineering students at Assiut University, focusing on heat transfer concepts and calculations. It includes questions on thermal conductivity, mechanisms of heat transfer, and practical problems involving heat transfer through various materials and conditions. The tutorial aims to enhance understanding of heat transfer principles and their applications in engineering scenarios.

Uploaded by

s.eleslam122
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assiut University 3rd Year Power Sector

Faculty of Engineering Second Semester 2024/2025


Mechanical Engineering
Heat Transfer
Department
Tutorial 1

1- Define thermal conductivity and explain its significance in heat transfer.


2- What are the mechanisms of heat transfer? How are they distinguished from each other?
3- What is the physical mechanism of heat conduction in a solid, a liquid, and a gas?
4- Write down the expressions for the physical laws that govern each mode of heat transfer, and
identify the variables involved in each relation.
5- How do the thermal conductivity of gases and liquids vary with temperature?
6- The inner and outer surfaces of a 5-m by 6-m brick wall of
thickness 30 cm and thermal conductivity 0.69 W/m · °C are
maintained at temperatures of 20°C and 5°C, respectively.
Determine the rate of heat transfer through the wall, in W.

7- The inner and outer surfaces of a 0.5-cm thick 2-m by 2-m window
glass in winter are 10°C and 3°C, respectively. If the thermal conductivity of the glass is 0.78
W/m K, determine the amount of heat loss through the glass over a period of 5 h. What would
your answer be if the glass were 1 cm thick?

8- An aluminum pan whose thermal conductivity is 237


W/m · °C has a flat bottom with diameter 20 cm and
thickness 0.4 cm. Heat is transferred steadily to boiling
water in the pan through its bottom at a rate of 800 W. If
the inner surface of the bottom of the pan is at 105°C,
determine the temperature of the outer surface of the
bottom of the pan.

9- A 15-cm × 20-cm circuit board houses on its surface 120 closely


spaced logic chips, each dissipating 0.12 W. If the heat transfer
from the back surface of the board is negligible, determine (a) the
amount of heat this circuit board dissipates during a 10-hour
period, in kWh, and (b) the heat flux on the surface of the circuit
board, in W/m2.

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10- One way of measuring the thermal conductivity of a
material is to sandwich an electric thermofoil heater
between two identical rectangular samples of the
material and to heavily insulate the four outer edges, as
shown in the figure. Thermocouples attached to the
inner and outer surfaces of the samples record the
temperatures. During an experiment, two 0.5-cm-thick
samples 10 cm by 10 cm in size are used. When steady operation is reached, the heater is
observed to draw 35Wof electric power, and the temperature of each sample is observed to
drop from 82°C at the inner surface to 74°C at the outer surface. Determine the thermal
conductivity of the material at the average temperature.

11- A square isothermal chip is of width w = 5 mm on a side and is mounted in a substrate such
that its side and back surfaces are well insulated, while the front surface is exposed to the
flow of a coolant at T∞ = 15 °C. From reliability considerations, the chip temperature must
not exceed T = 85 °C. If the coolant is air and the corresponding convection coefficient is h
= 200 W/m2 K, what is the maximum allowable chip power? If the coolant is a dielectric
liquid for which h = 3000 W/m2 K, what is the maximum allowable power?

12- Consider a sealed 20-cm-high electronic box whose base


dimensions are 40 cm by 40 cm placed in a vacuum
chamber. The emissivity of the outer surface of the box
is 0.95. If the electronic components in the box dissipate
a total of 100 W of power and the outer surface
temperature of the box is not to exceed 55°C, determine
the temperature at which the surrounding surfaces must
be kept if this box is to be cooled by radiation alone.
Assume the heat transfer from the bottom surface of the box to the stand to be negligible.

13- Water is heated in an insulated, constant


Water 60°C
diameter tube by a 5-kW electric resistance 15°C
heater. If the water enters the heater steadily
at 15°C and leaves at 60°C, determine the
Resistance
mass flow rate of water. heater, 5 kW

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14- 1.2 kg of liquid water initially at 15°C is to be
heated to 95°C in a teapot equipped with a 1200-
W electric heating element inside. The teapot is
0.5 kg and has an average specific heat of 0.7
Water
kJ/kg·K. Taking the specific heat of water to be 15°C
4.18 kJ/kg·K and disregarding any heat loss from Electric
the teapot, determine how long it will take for the 1200 W heating
element
water to be heated.

15- Consider a 20-cm thick granite wall with a thermal


conductivity of 2.79 W/m·K. The temperature of
the left surface is held constant at 50°C, whereas
the right face is exposed to a flow of 22°C air with
a convection heat transfer coefficient of 15
W/m2·K. Neglecting heat transfer by radiation,
find the right wall surface temperature and the heat
flux through the wall.

16- In the metal processing industry, heat treatment of metals is commonly done using
electrically heated draw batch furnaces.
Consider a furnace that is situated in a room with
surrounding air temperature of 30°C and an
average convection heat transfer coefficient of
12 W/m2∙K. The furnace front is made of a steel
plate with thickness of 20 mm and a thermal
conductivity of 25 W/m∙K. The outer furnace
front surface has an emissivity of 0.23, and the
inside surface is subjected to a heat flux of 8
kW/m2. Determine the outside surface
temperature of the furnace front.

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