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If Statements

This document explains the syntax and usage of if statements in Java, detailing the components required for proper structure. It covers the use of conditional statements, including simple and compound conditionals, and provides examples and challenges for testing understanding. The document emphasizes best practices for writing clear and readable code with conditionals.

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2 views6 pages

If Statements

This document explains the syntax and usage of if statements in Java, detailing the components required for proper structure. It covers the use of conditional statements, including simple and compound conditionals, and provides examples and challenges for testing understanding. The document emphasizes best practices for writing clear and readable code with conditionals.

Uploaded by

shivapatrapalli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Learning Objectives - If Statement

Describe if statement syntax

Use a conditional statement to make decisions

Use two or more boolean expressions in a if statement

Identify when to use compound conditionals and when


not to use them
If Statement Syntax

If Statement Syntax
Conditionals are pieces of code that make a decision about what the
program is going to do next. The most common conditional is the if
statement.

If Statement Syntax

If statements in Java must contain the following items:


* the keyword if
* a boolean expression in parentheses
* curly braces surrounding all lines of code that will run if the boolean
expression is true

It is best practice to also indent the lines of code inside the curly braces to
visually differentiate them from the commands that will always run.

if(5 > 4) {
System.out.println("1st command if true");
System.out.println("2nd command if true");
}
System.out.println("I will always print!");
If Statement

If Statement
If statements test to see if a certain condition is true. If yes, then a specific
commands are run. The simple if statement does not do anything if the
boolean expression is false.

if (7 != 10){
System.out.println("The above statement is true");
System.out.println("The above statement is still true");
}
System.out.println("This is not related to the if statement");

challenge

What happens if you:


Change != to ==?
Change 7 == 10 to true?
Change true to false?
Remove the curly braces {} with the condition set to false?

Testing Multiple Cases


You will find yourself needing to test the same variable multiple times. Be
sure that you set up your conditionals to test all possible values of the
variable.
int grade = 90;

if(grade > 70) {


System.out.println("Congrats, you passed the class");
}

if(grade < 70){


System.out.println("Condolences, you did not pass the
class");
}

challenge

What happens if you:


Change grade to 60?
Change grade to 70?
Change grade > 70 to grade >= 70?
Compound Conditional Statements

Compound Conditional Statements


Conditional statements (if statements) are used to match an action with a
condition being true. For example, print Even if a number is even. If you
want to test for a number being even and greater than 10, you will need
two conditionals.

int num = 16;

if (num % 2 == 0 && num > 10) {


System.out.println("Even and greater than 10");
}

challenge

What happens if you:


Change num to 8?
Change && to ||?
Change == to !=?

Why Use Compound Conditionals


Both code snippets below do the same thing: Ask if my_var is greater than
15 and if my_var is less than 20. If both of these are true, then Java will print
the value of my_var.

.guides/img/compound-conditional
The code on the left is a nested if statement - which means an if statement
is inside another if statement.

The code with the compound conditional (on the right) has fewer lines of
code, and is easier for a human to read. In fact, it almost reads like a
sentence.

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