ALPHORES

ALPHORES JUNIOR COLLEGE

IMPORTANT QUETIONS

Name of the Subject Page.No.

Mathematics - IIA 2 – 22

Mathematics – IIB 23 – 41

Physics 42 – 56

Chemistry 57 – 75

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 ALPHORES

MATHEMATICS - IIA
BLUE PRINT
S.NO NAME OF THE CHAPTER WEIGHTAGE MARKS

1 Complex Numbers 8(4+2+2)

2 De Moiver's Theorem 9(7+2)

3 Quadratic Equation 6(4+2)

4 Theory of Equations 9(7+2)

5 Permations and Combinations 12(4+4+2+2)

6 Binomait theorem 16(7+7+2)

7 Partial Fractions 4(4)

8 Measures of Dispersion 9(7+2)

9 Probability 15(7+4+4)
Random Variablies and Probability Distributions 9(7+2)
10

Total marks 97

QUESTION BANK ANALYSIS

S. LAQ SAQ
TOPIC NAME VSAQ TOTAL
NO ⯁⯁⯁ ⯁⯁ ⯁ ⯁⯁⯁ ⯁⯁ ⯁

1 Complex Numbers - - - 8 5 - 25 38

2 De Moiver's Theorem 8 3 2 - - - 9 22

3 Quadratic Equation - - - 8 - 7 19 34

4 Theory of Equations 11 3 5 - - - 14 33

5 Permations and combinations - - - 19 3 5 35 62

6 Binomail Theorem 20 6 - - - - 23 49

7 Partial Fractions - - - 9 1 4 - 14

8 Measures of Dispersion 11 4 - - - - 9 24

9 Probability 11 4 - 8 6 6 11 46
Random Variablies and Probability
10 9 1 2 - - - 15 27
Distributions
SUB TOTAL 70 21 9 52 15 22
160 349
Total 97 142

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COMPLEX NUMBERS
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
z3 − z1
1. If z − z is a real number, show that the points represented by the complex numbers
2 1
z1,z2,z3 are collinear.
2. If Z = x + iy and if the point P in the Argand plane represents z. Find the locus of z
satisfying the equation z − 3 + i = 4 .

3. (i) Show that the points in the Argand plane represented by the complex numbers
−3 1 7
−2 + 7i, + i, 4 − 3i, (1 + i) are the vertices of a rhombus.
2 2 2
(ii) Show that the lour points in the Argand plane represented by the complex numbers
2 +2i, 4 + 3i, 2 + 5i, 3i are the vertices of a square.
(iii) Show that the points in the argand diagram represented by the complex
numbers 2 + 2i, –2–2i, –2 3 +2 3 i are the verices of an equilateral triangle.

4. The points P.Q denote the complex numbers z1,z2 in the argand diagram. O is the
origin. If z1 z2 + z1z2 = 0 then show that POQ = 90 o

 z−4 
5. Determine the locus of z,z  2i , such that Re  =0

z − 2i
 
2 + 11i −2 + i
6. Show that z = ,z = are conjugate to each other
1 25 2 (1 − 2i)2
1
7. (i) If x + iy = then show that (4x2 -l) = 0
1 + cos  + isin
2+i
(ii) If u + iv = and z = x + iy then find u, v.
z+3

8. Show that the equation of any circle in the complex plane is of the form

zz + bz + bz + c = 0(b  C : c  R)
 z −2  
9. If the amplitude of   = , find its locus.
z − 6i 2
 
10. If z = 2 − i 7 , then show that 3z3 – 4z2 + z + 88 = 0
z2 2z1 + z2
11. If , z  0 , is an imaginary number then find the value of
z1 1
2z1 − z 2

3
12. If x + iy = then, show that x2 + y2 = 4x − 3
2 + cos  + isin

13. The complex number z has argument ,0    and satisfying the equation.
2
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Find the square roots of (i) 7 + 24i (ii) – 47 + i8 3
2. Find the complex conjugate of (3 + 4i)(2 - 3i)

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 ALPHORES
3. Find the polar form of following complex numbers
i) (−1 − 3i) (ii) z = − 7 + i 21 (iii) – 1– i (iv) 1 + i 3
4. If z = 2–3i, show that z2 − 4z + 13 = 0
5. i) If z1 = −1 and z2 = −i , then find Arg(zlz2)
 z1 
ii) If z = −1, z = −i , then find Arg  
1 2
 z2 
 1
6. If z = (cos ,sin) , find z−
 z
 
7. Find the additive inverse of (-6, 5) + (10, -4)
a + ib
8. Find the real and imaginary parts of the complex number
a − ib
9. Find the multiplicative inverse of 7 + 24i.
10. If z  0 ,find Argz + Argz .
11. If (l-i)(2-i)(3-i)....(l-ni) = x-iy then provethat 2.5.10...(l + n2) = x2 + y2.
z +1
12. If the real part of is 1 then find the locus of z.
z +i
13. If z = x + iy and z = 1 then find the locus of z.

14. If the amplitude of (z-l) is then find the locus of z
2
 
15. If the A.rgzx and Argz2 are and respectively then find (Argz1 + Argz2)
2 3
n
1 + i 
16. Find the least positive integer n, satsifying   =1
1 − i 
17. If |z+ai| = |z–ai|, find the locus of z.
1 x y
18. If (x − iy)3 = a − ib then provethat + = 4(a 2 -b2)
a b

( )
100
19. If 3+i = 299 (a + ib) then show that a2+b2 =4

20. If (a + ib)2 =x + iy,find x2+y2.

21. Write the conjgate of complex number
22. Express 1–i in Modulus - Amplitude form
23. Represent the complex number 2+ 3i in argand plane
24. S.T the complex number z satisfying z2 + z2 = 2 consttitute a hyperbola.

25. Describe geometrically the following subsets of C. {z  C/ z −1 + i = 1}

DE MOIVRE'S THEOREM

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :

n
1. i) If n is an integer then show that (1 + i)2n + (1 − i)2n = 2n+1 cos
2

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 ALPHORES

n+2  n 
ii) If n is a positive integer show that (1 + i) + (1 − i) =2
2n 2n 2
cos  
 4 
2. If , are the roots of the equation x2 − 2x + 4 = 0 then for any positive integer n
 n 
show that  +  = 2 cos
n n n+1
 3 
 
3. If n is an integer then show that
  n 
(1 + cos  + isin)n + (1 + cos  − isin)n = 2n+1 cosn cos
 2  2 
   
8
   3
1 + sin 8 + i cos 8 
= −1
4. Show that one value of   

 1 + sin − i cos 
 8 8

5. If cos  + cos + cos  = 0 = sin  + sin + sin  . Then prove that
3
cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = = sin2  + sin2  + sin2 
2
6. If cos  + cos + cos  = 0 = sin  + sin + sin  then show that
i) cos 3 + cos 3 + cos 3 = 3 cos( +  + )
ii) sin 3 + sin 3 + sin 3 = 3sin( +  + )
iii) cos( + ) + cos( + ) + cos( + ) = 0
7. If n is a positive integer, show that
1 1 − Q
(P + iQ)1/n + (P − iQ)1/n = 2(P2 + Q2 )2n cos  tan 1 
n P
8. Find all the roots of the equation x11 − x7 + x4 −1 = 0
9. Solve (x −1)n = xn , where n is a positive integer
10. Solve x9 − x5 + x4 −1 = 0
  z2n −1
z = cis,   (2n + 1) = 
11. If n is an integer and   , then show that 2n i tan n
 2 z +1
 12. If m,n  Z and x = cos  + isin, y = cos  + isin then show that

1 1
(i) x y + xm yn = 2cos(m + n) (ii) x y − xm yn = 2isin(m + n)
m n m n
and

 13. State & Prove De Moivre’s theorem for integral index

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :

 6 1 
1. If x = cis , then find the value of  x + 6 
 x 
2. If A,B.C are angles of a triangle ABC such that x=cisA, y=cisB, z=cisC, then find the
value of xyz.
3. i) If the cube roots of unity are 1,,2 , then find the roots of the equation

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(x-l)3+ 8=0.
ii) Find the cube roots of 8
4. Find the value of the following
5 5
 3 i  3 i
(i) (1 + i 3)3 (ii) (1 + i)16 (iii)  2 + 2  −  2 − 2 
   

( )
1/ 4
5. Find all the values of (i) 3+i (ii) (−i)1/6 (iii) (−32)1/5

6. If 1,,2 are the cube roots of unity, then prove that

1 1 1
(i) + = (ii) (2 − )(2 − 2 )(2 − 10 )(2 − 11) = 49
2 +  1 + 2 1+ 
7. If 1,,2 are the cube roots of unity, then find the values of the following

(i) (a + 2b)2 + (a2 + 2b)2 + (a + 2b2 )2 (ii) (1 −  + 2 )3

 a + b + c2   a + b + c2 
(iii) (1 − )(1 − 2 )(1 − 4 )(1 − 8 ) (iv)  c + a + b2  +  b + c + a2 
   
(v) (1 −  + 2 )5 + (1 +  − 2 )5 (vi) (1 −  + 2 )6 + (1 − 2 + )6

8. If 1,,2 are the cube roots of unity. Then prove that x2 + 4x + 7 = 0 where x =  − 2 − 2 .

(cos  + i sin )4

9. Simplify
(sin + i cos )8

QUADRATIC EXPRESSIONS
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
x−p
1. If the expression takes all real values for x  R then find the limits for ‘p’.
x2 − 3x + 2
x −1
2. If ‘x’ is real then prove that lies between and 1
x2 − 5x + 9 11
x2 + 34x − 71
3. If ‘x’ is real show that the value of the expression does not lie between
x2 + 2x − 7
5 and 9.
1 1 1
4. Prove that 3x +1 + x + 1 − (3x + 1)(x + 1) does not lie between 1 and 4, if x is real

x2 +14x + 9
5. If ‘x’ is real, find the maxium and minimum values of the expression
x2 + 2x + 3
x+2
6. Determine the range of for x  R
2x2 + 3x + 6

x2 + x + 1
7. Determine the range of the expression for x  R
x2 − x +1
2x2 − 6x + 5
8. i) If x is real, then find the range of
x2 − 3x + 2

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(x −1)(x + 2)
ii) Determine the range of the expression ,x  R .
x+3
9. Let a,b,c  R and a  0 such that the equation ax2 +bx + c = 0 has real roots a and
 , with    then
(i) for   x  ,ax2 + bx + c and ‘a’ have opposite signs

(ii) for x   or x  ,ax2 + bx + c and ‘a’ have the same sign.

10. Let a,b,c, e R and a  0 then the roots of ax2 +bx + c = 0 are non real complex
numbers if and only if ax2 +bx + c and a have the same sign for all x  R .
11. If the equations x2 +cx+d = 0 and x2 +ax + b = 0 have a common root and the second
equation has equal roots, then prove that 2(b+d) = ac
12. Solve 2x4 + x3 - 11x2 + x + 2 = 0.
 13. Solve 71+x + 71−x = 50 for real x
x 1− x 13
 14. Solve + =
1− x x 6

 15. x2 − 3x −10  (8 − x)
Solve the inequation
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :

1. Find the quadratic equation whose roots are 7 + 2 5 and 7 − 2 5

2. Find the quadratic equation whose roots are −3  5i
p − q −(p + q)
3. Find the quadratic equation whose roots are p + q , p − q (p  q)
4. Forwhat values of’m’ the equation (m +1)x2 + 2(m + 3)x + m + 8 = 0 has equal roots
5. If the equation x2 -15 -m(2x-8) = 0 has equal roots find the value of m.
6. If , are the roots of the equation ax2 +bx + c=0 find the value of

1 1 1 1  
+ + + 4 7 7 4
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)   +  
   2
2

2
2
7. (i) Find the maximum (or) minimum of the expression 12x − x2 − 32
(ii) Find the maximum ( or ) minimum of the expression 2x -1 - 5x2
(iii) Find the maximum ( or ) minimum of the expression 3x2+2x+11.
(iv) Find the value of x at which the expression x2+5x+6 have maximum or minimum.
(v) Find the maximum or minimum value of the expression x 2 – x + 7 as x varies
over R
8. State the sign of the expression x2– 5x + 6
9. Find the quadratic equation the sum of whose roots is ‘1’ and sum of the squares of
the roots is 13. (Mar-07)
10. x2-6x+5=0 and x2 -3ax + 35 = 0 have a common root then find the value of ‘a’ .
11. i) x2 +bx +c = 0 and x2 + cx + b = 0 have a common root then show that b+c+l=0.
ii) If the quadratic equations ax2+2bx + c = 0 and ax2 + 2cx + b = 0,(b  c) have a
common root, then show that a + 4b + 4c = 0
12. Suppose that the quadratic Equations ax2 + bx + c = 0 and bx2 + cx + a = 0 have a
common root. Then show that a3 +b3 +c3 = 3abc
13. If x2 + Aax + 3 = 0 and 2x2 + 3ax -9 = 0 have a common root, then find the values of
‘a’ and the common roots
14. Prove that the roots of (x-a)(x-b) = h2 are always real.

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15. Find all numbers which exceed their square root by 12.
16. Find the condition that one root of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 shall be n
times the other,where n is a positive integer.
17. For what values of x, the expression 15 + 4x–3x2 is negative.
18. Prove that there is a unique pair of consecutive postivie odd integers such that the
sum of their squares is 290 and find it
19. Show that the roots of the equation x2 -2px+ p2 -q2 + 2qr-r2 = 0 are rational, given
that p, q, r are rational

THEORY OF EQUATIONS
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :

1. Solve the equation x4-10x3+26x2-10x + l =0

2. Solve 6x6 -25x5 +31x4 -31x2 +25x-6 = 0
3. Solve 6x4 - 35x3 + 62x2 -35x + 6 = 0
4. Solve the equation x5–5x4+ 9x3 – 9x2 +5x-l = 0
5. Solvethe equaitons 2x5 +x4-12x3-12x2 + x + 2 = 0
6. Given that the roots of x3 + 3px2 + 3qx + r = 0 are in
i) A.P show that 2p3 -3pq + r = 0
ii) GP show that p3r = q3
iii) H.P show that 2q3 = r(3pq-r)
7. solve I8x3+81x2+121x + 60 = 0 given that one root is equal to half the sum of the
remaining roots.
8. Solve x4 + x3 -16x2 - 4x + 48 = 0 given that the product of two roots is 6.
9. Solve 4x3 – 24x2 + 23x + 18 = 0 given the roots of this equation are in A.P.
10. Solve the equation x3 – 7x2 + l4x-8 = 0 given that the roots arein GP.
11. Solve the equation x4–6x3 +13x2 - 24x + 36 = 0, given that they have multiple roots.
12. Solve x4 + 4x3–2x2–12x + 9 = 0 given that it has two pairs of equal roots.
13. Solve 8x4 - 2x3 - 27x2 + 6x + 9 = 0 , given that two of the roots have the same absolute
value,but are opposite in sign.
14. Solve x3-9x2+14x + 24 = 0, given that two of the roots are in the ratio 3 : 2
 15. (i) Transform x4 + 4x3 + 2x2 -4x-2-0 into one in which the coefficient of second
highest power of x is zero and also find its transformed equation.
(ii) Transform x4 + 2x3 -12x2 + 2x-l = 0 into one in which the coefficient of third
highest power of x is zero and also find its transformed equation.
 16. Find the equation whose roots are the translates of the roots of x5 + 4x3– x2 + 11=0
by-3.
 17. Find the Polynomial Equation whose roots are the translate of the equation
x5 - 4x4 + 3x2 - 4x + 6 = 0 by-3
 18. Solve 3x3–26x2 + 52x - 24 = 0, given that the roots are in GP
 19. Solve x4 - 4x2 + 8x + 35 = 0, given that 2 + i 3 is a root.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :

1. Form the equation whose roots are 2  3,1  2i

2. If-1,2 and  are the roots of 2x3 + x2 -7x-6 = 0 then find  .
3. If 1,-2,3 are the roots of x3 - 2x2 + ax + 6 = 0 then find  .
4. If the product of the roots of 4x3 + 16x2 - 9x - a = 0 is 9,then find.
5. If 1,1,a are the roots of x3-6x2 +9x-4 = 0, then find  .
6. If a, ft, 1 are the roots of x3– 2x2 -5x + 6 = 0 then find  ,  .

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7. If a, ft, y are the roots of x3– 2x2 + 3x - 4 = 0 then find
i. 22 ii. 22
8. Find the quotient and remainder when x4–11x3 +44x2 -76x + 48 is divided by
x2 -7x + 12.
9. Find the transformed equation whose roots are the negatives of the roots of
x4+5x3+11x+3=0.
10. Find the equation whose roots are reciprocals of the roots of x4 -3x3 +7x2 +5x-2 -0 .
11. (i) If ,,  are the roots of the equation x3+2x2-4x-3 = 0, find the equation whose
roots are 3 times the roots of given equation.
(ii) Find the algebric equation whose roots are two times the roots of
x5-2x4 + 3x3-2x 2 +4x + 3 = 0.
12. Find the polynomial equation whose roots are the squares of the roots of
x3+3x2-7x + 6 = 0
13. If l,2,3 and 4 are the roots of x4 + ax3+bx2 + cx + d = 0, then find the values of a,b,c
and d
14. Form the Equation whose roots are’m’ times the roots of the Equation
1 1 1
x3 + x2 − x+ = 0 and deduce the case when m=12.
4 16 72

PERMUTATIONS & COMBINATIONS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :

C + (38 − r)C
4
34
1. Simplify
5 4
r=0

4n C 1.3.5 ...........(4n −1)

2. Prove that
2n
=
2n C
n
{1.3.5 ............ (2n −1)}2

. If the letters of the word MASTER are permuted in all possible ways and the words
thus formed are arranged in the dictionary order. Then find the rank of the word
(i) REMAST (ii) MASTER
4. If the letters of word PRISON are permuted in all possible ways and the words thus
formed are arranged in the dictionary order .Then find the rank of the word PRISON.
5. If the letters of the word BRING are permuted in all possible ways and the words
thus formed are arranged in the dictionary order, then find the 59th word.
6. If the letters of the word EAMCET are permuted in all possible ways and if the words
thus formed are arranged in the dictionary order find the rank of the word EAMCET.
7. If the letters of the word AJANTA are permuted in all possible ways and the words
thus formed are arranged in the dictionary order, find the ranks of the words
(i) AJANTA (ii) JANATA
8. Find the number of ways of permuting the letters of the word ‘PICTURE’ so that
(i) all vowels come together (ii) no two vowels come together
9. Find the number of ways of seating 5 Indians, 4 Americans and 3 Russians at a
round table so that
(i) all Indians are sit together (ii) persons of same nationality sit together
(iii) No two Russians sit together.
10. Find the number of ways of arranging 6 red roses and 3 yellow roses of different sizes
into a garland. In how many of them
(i) all the yellow roses are together (ii) no two yellow roses are together
11. Find the number of ways of arranging 6 boys and 6 girls in a row. In how many of
these arrangements.

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 ALPHORES
(i) all the girls are together. (ii) no two girls are together
(iii. boys and girls come alternately
12. Find the number of ways of arranging 6 boys and 6 girls around a circular table so
that
(i) all the girls sit together, (ii) no two girls sit together,
(iii. boys and girls sit alternately.
13. (i) Find the number of ways of selecting a cricket team of 11 players from 7 batsmen
and 6 bowlers such that there will be atleast 5 bowlers in the team
(ii) Find the number of ways of selecting 11 members cricket team from 7 batsmen,
6 bowlers and 2 wicket-keepers, so that the team contains 2 wicket-keepers
and atleast 4 bowlers.
14. Find the number of ways of forming a committee of 5 members out of 6 Indians and
5 Americans so that always the Indians will be in majority in the committee.
15. A candidate is required to answer 6 out of 10 questions which are divided in to 2
groups A and B each containing 5 questions. He is not permitted to attempt more
than 4 questions from either group. Find the no. of different ways in which the
candidate can choose six questions.
16. Find the no. of ways of forming a committee of 4 members out of 6 boys and 4 girls
such that there is atleast one girl in the committee.
17. (i) If 1  r  n , then n
C +n C = n+1C
r−1 r r

(ii) For 3  r  n , prove that

18. (i) Find the sum of all 4 digited numbers that can be formed using the digits 1, 2,
4, 5, 6 without repetition
(ii) Find the sum of all 4-digit numbers that can be formed using the digits 1,3,5,7,9
(with out repetition.
19. Find the number of numbers that are greater than 4000 which can be formed using
the digits 0,2,4,6,8 without repetition.
20. Find the number of 4 digited numbers that can be formed by using the digits 1,2,3,4,
5, 6 that are divisible by (i) 2 (ii) 3 when repetation are allowed.
21. Find the no. of 4-digit numbers that can be formed using the digits 2,3,5,6,8 (without
repetition. How many of them are divisible by
i. 2 ii. 3 iii.4 iv. 5 v. 25.
22. In how many ways 9 Mathematics papers can be arranged so that the best and the
worst (i) may come togather (ii) may not come together.
23. Find the number of 4 letter words that can be formed using the letters of the word
‘RAMANA’
24. A double decker minibus has 8 seats in the lower deck and 10 seats in the upper
deck. Find the number of ways of arranging 18 persons in the bus if 3 children want
to go to the upper deck and 4 old people can not go to the upper deck.
25. Find the sum of all 4 digited numbers that can be formed using digits 0,2,4,7,8
without repetition.
 26. If a set A has 8 elements. Find the number of subsets of A containing atleast 6
elements?
 27. 14 persons are seated at a round table. Find the no. of ways of selecting two persons
out of them who are not seated adjacent to each other.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2) Marks. :

1. (i. If np4 = 1680 then find ‘n’ (ii. If np3 = 1320 find ‘n’.
2. (i. If (n+1)
P :n P = 2 : 7 , find n. (ii. (n+1)
P :n P = 3 : 2 then find n.
5 6 5 5
n n
3. If pP = 42. P find n.
4. If 12 7 + 5.12 P 5 =13 p find ‘r’ .
5 5 r

Page No: 10
 ALPHORES
5. If 10. nC2 =3.(n+1).C3 then find n.
6. If nC21 = nC27, then find 49Cn.
7. If nC5 = nC6 then find the value of 3 Cn .
8. If 12pr=1320, find ‘r.’
9. (i) If nCr+1 = 12C3r–5 find ‘r’
(ii) If 12Cs+1 = 12C(2s–5). (iii) If 15C2r–1 = 15C(2r+4). then find r.
10. Find the value of 10c5 + 2.10c4 +10 c3
11. If nPr =5040 and nCr =210 find ‘n’ and ‘r’ (Board model paper.
12. Find the number of ways of arranging the letters of the word
(i) PERMUTATION (ii) INTERMEDIATE
(iii) INDEPENDENCE (iv) MATHEMATICS
(v) CORRUPTION (vi) ENGINEERING
13. Find the number of ways of arranging the letters of the word TRIANGLE so that the
relative positions of the vowels and consonants are not disturbed
14. Find the number of 4 letter words that can be formed using the letters of the word
PISTON in which at least one letter is repeated.
15. Find the number of ways of arranging 4 boys and 3 girls around a circle so that all
the girls sit together
16. Find the number of ways of selecting 3 vowels and 2 consonants from the letters of
theword ‘EQUATION’ .
l7. Find the number of ways of selecting 3 girls and 3 boys out of 7 girls and 6 boys.
18. Find the number of different chains that can be prepared using 7 different coloured
beeds.
19. There are 5 copies each of 4 different books. Find the number of ways of arranging
these books in a shelf in a single row.
20. How many numbers can be formed using all the digits 1,2,3,4,3,2,1 such that even
digits always occupy even places.
21. Find the number of 5 letter words that can be formed using the letters of the word
NATURE, that begin with ‘N’ when repetition is allowed.
22. Find the number of bijections from a set A containing 7 elements onto itself.
23. Find the number of injections from set A containg 4 elements in to a set B containing
6 elements
24. Find the number of positive divisors of 1080
25. . Find the no. of zero’s in 100!
26. . To pass an examination a student has to pass in each of the three papers. In how
many ways can a student fail in the examination?
27. . Find the number of
(i) 6
(ii) 7 letter palindromes that can be formed using the latters of the word EQUATION
28. . Define palindrome and give examples.
29. . Find the number of seven digited palindromes that can be formed using 0,1,2,3,4
30. If a set A has 12 elements, then find the number of subsets of A having 4 elements.
31. Find the number of ways in which 4 letters can be put in 4 addressed envelopes so
that no letter goes into the envelope meant for it.
32. Find the number of diagonals of a polygon with 12 sides?
33. Find the number of ways of selecting 4 boys and 3 girls from a group of 8 boys and
5 girls.
34. A number lock has 3 rings and each ring has 9 digits 1,2,3, ..... 9. Find the maximum
no. of unsuccessful attempts that can be made by a person who tries to open the lock
with out knowing the key code.
35. If a set of m parallel lines intersect another set of n parallel lines (not parallel to the
lines in the first set), then find the no. of parallelograms formed in this lattice structure.

Page No: 11
 ALPHORES

BINOMIAL THEOREM
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :
3.5 3.5.7 3.5.7.9
1. Find the sum of the series +
+ .........  +
5.10.15 5.10.15.20 5.10
3 3.5 3.5.7
2. Find the sum of the infinite series + + + .......... 
4 4.8 4.8.12
1 1.3 1.3.5
3. Find the sum of the series 1 + + + + ............ 
3 3.6 3.6.9
2 3
2 1 2.5  1  2.5.8  1 
4. Find the sum of infinite series 1 + . + .  +   + ............... 
3 2 3.6 2  3.6.9 2 
1.3 1.3.5 1.3.5.7
5. If x = + +
+ .... , then prove that 9x2 + 24x = 11 .
3.6 3.6.9 3.6.9.12
4 4.6 4.6.8
6. If t = + + + ........... then prove that 9t = 16
5 5.10 5.10.15
5 5.7 5.7.9
x= + + + .......... 2
7. If 2
(2!)3 (3!)3 (4!)3 3 , then find the value of x + 4x.

1 1.3 1.3.5
8. If x = + + +.......  , then find 3x2+6x
5 5.10 5.10.15
7 1 1.3  1  1.3.5  1  
9. Find the sum of the infinite series 5  1 + +  + 1.2.3 106 +
1.2 104  
2
..........
 10    
3 3.5 3.5.7
10. Find the sum of the infinite series − + − ........
4.8 4.8.12 4.8.12.16
11. Show that for any non-zero rational number x,
x x(x −1) x(x −1)(x − 2) x x(x + 1) x(x + 1)(x + 2)
1+ + + + ....... = 1 + + + + ......
2 2.4 2.4.6 3 3.6 3.6.9
12. If ‘n’ is a positive integer and ‘x’ is any non-zero real number, then prove that

x x2 xn (1 + x)n+1 −1
Co + C1 + C2 + ......... + Cn =
2 3 n +1 (n + 1)x

13. For n = 0,1,2,......... n Prove that Co.Cr + C1.Cr+1 + C2 .Cr+2 + ......+ Cn–r.Cn= 2nn+r hence
deduce that
(i) C2 + C2 + C2 + ......... + C2 = 2nC
o 1 2 n n

(ii) C .C + C .C + C .C + ..... + C C = 2nC

o 1 1 2 2 3 n−1 n n+1

(n +1)n
14. Provethat (c0 +c1).(c1 +c2).(c2 + c3) + (cn–1+cn) = co.c1.c2 .................. cn .
n!
15. If the coefficients of 4 consecutive terms in the expansion of (l + x)n are a1,a2 ,a 3 ,a 4
a1 a3 2a2
respectively then show that a + a + a + a = a + a
1 2 3 4 2 3

Page No: 12
 ALPHORES

16. If the 2nd ,3rd , and 4th terms is the expansion of (1 + x)n are respectively 240, 720,
1080, find a,x,n.
17. If the coefficients of rth, (r + l)th and(r + 2)nd terms is the expansion of (l + x) n are in
A.P, then show that n2 -(4r + l)n + 4r2 -2 = 0
18. If P and Q are the sum of odd terms and the sum of even terms respectively in the
expansion of (x + a)n then prove that
(a) P2 - Q2 = (x2 - a2)n (b) 4PQ = (x + a)2n - (x - a)2n
19. If the coefficients of x9,x10 and xn terms in the expansion of (1 + x) n are in A.P. then
prove that n2-41n+398 = 0
11
 2 1 
20. If the coefficient of x 10
in the expansion of ax +  is equal to the coefficient of
 bx 
11
 1 
x–10 in the expansion of ax −  find the relation between a and b,when a and b
 bx2 
are real numbers.
21. Suppose that ‘n’ is a natural number and I, F are integral part and fractional part of
(7 + 4 3)n . Then show that i) I is an odd integer ii) (I + F)(l -F) = 1

22. If R,n are positive integers, n is odd ,0<F<1 and if (5 5 +11)n = R + Fthen prove that
i) R is an even integer and ii) (R + F).F = 4n.
23. State and prove binomial theorem for the integral index.
24. Using binomial theorem prove that 50 n – 49n -1 is divisible by 492 in all positive
integers ‘n’

25. If ‘n’ is positive integer, Prove that n r  n C r  = n(n + 1) (n + 2)

3
n 2

r=1  Cr−1  12
26. If |x| is so small that x3 and higher powers of x can be neglected find the approximate
(4 − 7x)1/2
value of (3 + 5x)3 .
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :

01). Find the number of terms in the expansion of

9
 3a b 
(i) (2x + 3.y + z)7 (ii)  + 
 4 2
02). Find the number of terms with non-zero coeffecents in (4x-7y) +(4x + 7y)
03). Find the set of values of ‘x’ for which
−2

(i) (2 + 3x) 3 is valid (ii) (7 + 3x)–5 is valid (iii) (3 - 4x)3/ 4 is valid

04) If 22Cr is the largest binomial coefficient in the expansion of (l + x)22 find the value
of 13Cr.
05) Find the largest binomial coefficient (s) in the expansion of (l + x)19
7
 2x2 5 
6. Find the Coefficient of x–7 in  3 − 4x5 
 
7. Find the middle terms in the expansion of
10 11
 3x   3 
(i)  − 2y  (ii)  4a + b
 7   2 

Page No: 13
 ALPHORES
8. Find the term independent of ‘x’ in the expansion of
9
 3 7 
14
 2x2 15 
(i)  4x + 2  (ii)  + 
 x   5 4x 
9. Prove that Co+ 2.C1+ 4.C2+ 8.C3 +... + 2n.Cn = 3n.
10. Prove that 2.Co+5.C1+8.C2 +.......... + (3n + 2).Cn = (3n + 4).2n–1.
11. Find the sum of the following
15c1 15c2 15c3 15c15
i) + 2. + 3. +................ + 15.
15c 0 15c 1 15c 2 15c 14
ii) 22 C + 32C + 42 C + .................. + (n + 2)2 C
o 1 2 n

3 2
12. Find the numerically greatest term(s) in the expansion of (3x–5y)n when x = ;y =
4 7
and n = 17.
−3
 5x  5
13. Find the 8th term of 1 −
 
 2 

14. Find the approximate values of i) 5

242 ii) 3 1002 − 3 998 iii) 6
63
4
15. Expand 5 5 in increasing power of
5
16. If (1 + x + x2)n = a0 + a1x + a2x2 +.......+ a2nx2n then find the value of ao+a2+a4+ ....... + a20

17. If (1 + 3x − 2x2 )10 = a + a x + a x2 + ........ + a x20 prove that

0 1 2 20
10
i) a0 + a1 + a2 +................. + a20 = 2
ii) a0– a1+ a2............................+ a20 = 410
18. Find the remainder when 22013 is divided by 17
1.3.5 ............ (2n −1)
19. Show that the middle term in the expansion of (x + 1)2n is (2x)n .
n!

(5 + 21/8 )
100
1/ 6
20. Find the number of irrational terms is the expension of
21. Find the sum of last 20 coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)39.
8
 −2 3 
Find the 3rd term from the end in the expansion of  x − 2  .
3
22.
 x 
23). If the coefficients of (2r + 4)th term and (3r + 4)th term in the expansion of (l + x)21 are
equal, then find ‘r’.

PARTIAL FRACTIONS
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
Resolve into pratial fractions
x+4
1. (x2 − 4)(x + 1)

x −1
2. (x + 1)(x − 2)2

Page No: 14
 ALPHORES

x2 − 3
3. (x + 2)(x2 + 1)

2x2 + 3x + 4
4. (x −1)(x2 + 2)
x3 x3
5. i)
(2x −1)(x + 2)(x − 3)
ii)
(x − a)(x − b)(x − c)

x4 x3
6. i)
(x −1)(x − 2)
ii)
(x −1)(x + 2)

3x3 − 8x2 + 10
7. (x −1)4
x−4
8. Find the coefficient of xn in the power series expansions of specifying the
x2 − 5x + 6
region in which the exapansion is valid.
x
9. Find the coefficient of xn in the power series expansion of (x −1)2(x − 2) specifying the

region in which the expansion is valid

x2 + 13x +15
10. (2x + 3)(x + 3)2

3x −18
 11.
x3(x + 3)

2x + 3
 12.
5(x + 2)(2x + 1)

x2 + 1
 13.
(x2 + x + 1)2

x2 − x + 1
 14. Resolve into partial fracitons.
(x + 1)(x −1)2

MEASURES OF DISPERSION

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :

1. Calculate the variance and standard deviation of the following continuous frequency
distribution

Class
30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100
Interval

Frequency 3 7 12 15 8 3 2

2. Find the mean deviation from the median for the following data.

xi 6 9 3 12 15 13 21 22

fi 4 5 3 2 5 4 4 3

Page No: 15
 ALPHORES
3. The following table gives the daily wages of workers in a factory. Compute the standard
deviation and the coefficient of variation of the wages of the workers.
Wages
125-175 175-225 225-275 275-325 325-375 375-425 425-475 475-525 525-575
(Rs.)
No. of
2 22 19 14 3 4 6 1 1
workers

4. Find the mean deviation about the median from the following continuous distribution

Class
0-10 Oct-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
interval

Frequency 5 8 7 12 28 20 10 10

5. Find the mean deviation about the mean for the following continuous distribution

Height
95-105 105-115 115-125 125-135 135-145 145-155
(in cms)
No. of
9 13 26 30 12 10
Boys

6. Find the mean and variance using the step deviation method, of the following tabular
data, giving the age distribution of 542 members.

Age in years (x i ) 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90

Number of Members
3 61 132 153 140 51 2
(f i )

7. Find the mean deviation from the mean of the following data, using the step deviation
method

Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70

No. of
6 5 8 15 7 6 3
Students

8. Lives of two models of refrigerators A and B,obtained in a surver,are given below
Which refrigerator model would you suggest to purchase ?
Life (in years) Model A Model B

0-2 5 2
2-4 16 re
4-6 13 12
6-8 7 19
8-10 5 9

9. An analysis of monthly wages paid to the workers of two firms A and B belonging to
the same industry gives the following data

Page No: 16
 ALPHORES

Firm A Firm B

Number of workers 500 600

Average daily wage (Rs.) 186 175

Variance of distribution of wages 81 100

(i) Which firm A or B, has greater variability in individual wages ?

(ii) Which firm has larger wage bill ?
10. The scores of two cricketers A and B in 10 innings are given below. Find who is a
better run getter and who is a more consistent player.
Scores of
40 25 19 80 38 8 67 121 66 76
A: xi
Scores of
23 70 31 0 14 111 66 31 25 4
B: yi

11. From the prices of shares X and Y given below, for 10 days of trading, find out which
share is more stable?

X 35 54 52 53 56 58 52 50 51 49

Y 10S 107 105 105 106 107 104 103 104 101

12. The mean of 5 observations is 4.4. Their variance is 8.24. If three of the observations
are 1,2 and 6. Find the other two observations.
13. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation of a set of 9 items are 43 and 5
respectively. If an item of value 63 is added to that set, find the new mean and
standard devation of 10 item set given.
14. Find the mean deviation from the mean for the following continuous frequency
distribution.

Sales In Rs.
40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100
Thousand
Nu mber of
5 15 25 30 20 5
Companies

15. Find mean deviation about the mean of the data

Mark Obtained 0-10 Oct-20 20-30 30-40 40-50

No.of. students 5 8 15 16 6

16. Find the variance and standard deviation of the following frequency distribution:

xi 4 8 11 17 20 24 32

fi 3 5 9 5 4 3 1

Page No: 17
 ALPHORES
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
01). The variance of 20 observation is 5. If each of the observations is multipled by 2, find
the variance of the resulting observations.
02). (i) Find the mean deviation from the mean of the following discrete data
6,7,10,12,13,4,12,16
(ii) Find the mean deviation about the mean for the following data 38, 70, 48, 40, 42,
55, 63, 46, 54, 44
03). Find the mean deviation about the median for the following data
13,17,16,11,13,10,16,11,18,12,17.
4. Find thevarianceand standard deviation of thefollwing data 5, 12, 3, 18, 6, 8, 2, 10.
5. The coefficient of variation of two distributions are 60 and 70 and their standard
deviations are 21 and 16 respectively. Find their arithmetic means.
6. Find the mean deviation about the mean for the following data
xi 2 5 7 8 10 35

fi 6 8 10 6 8 2

7. Find the mean deviation about the median for the following frequency distribution

xi 5 7 9 10 12 15

fi 8 6 2 2 2 6

8. Find the mean deviation about the median for the following data:4,6,9,3,10,13,2
9. Define range for an ungrouped data and also find the range of the given data 38, 70,
48, 40, 42, 55, 63, 46, 54, 44.

PROBABILITY
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :
1. State and prove addition theorem on probability.
2. Define conditional probability. State and prove the multiplication theorem on
probability.
3. State and prove Baye’s theorem.
4. Three boxes numbered I, II, III contain the balls as follows.
Box white black red
I 1 2 3
II 2 1 1
III 4 5 3
one box is randomly selected and a ball is drawn from it. If the ball is red then find
the probability that it is from box II.
5. Three boxes Bl,B2and B3 contain balls with different colours as shown below
Box white black red
B1 2 1 2
B2 3 2 4
B3 4 3 2
A die is thrown, B1 is choosen if either 1 or 2 turns up. B2 is choosen if 3 (or) 4 turns
up and B3 is chosen if 5 (or) 6 turns up. Having choosen a box in this way, a ball is
choosen at random from this box. If the ball drawn is found to be red, find the
probability that it is from box B2

Page No: 18
 ALPHORES
6. Three Urns have the following composition of balls
Urn I : 1 white, 2 black
Urn II: 2 white, 1 black
Urn III: 2 white, 2 black
One of the Urns is selected at random and a ball is drawn, It turns out to be white.
Find the probability that it came from urn III.
7. If one ticket is randomly selected from the tickets numbered 1 to 30, then find the
probability that the number on the tickets is
i) a multiple of 5 or 7 ii) a multiple of 3 or 5
8. Define conditional probability. Bag S, contains 4 white and 2 black balls. Bag B 2
contains 3 white and 4 black balls. A bag is drawn at random and a ball is chosen at
random from it. What is the pobability that the ball drawn is white?
9. There are 3 black and 4 white balls in one bag, 4 black and 3 white balls in the
second bag. A die is rolled and the first bag is selected if the die shows up 1 or 3, and
the second bag for the rest. Find the probability of drawing a black ball, from the bag
thus selected
10. A, B, C are 3 newspapers from a city. 20% of the population read A, 16% read B,
14% read C, 8% read both A and B, 5% read both A and C, 4% read both B and C
and 2% read all the three. Find the percentage of the population who read atleast one
newspaper
11. In a box contaning 15 bulbs, 5 are defective. If 5 bulbs are selected at random from
the box. Find the probability of the event that
i) none of them is defective ii) only one of them is defective
iii) atleast one of them is defective.
12. Two persons A and B are rolling a die on the condition that the person who gets 3
first will win the game. If A starts the game, then find the probabilities of A and B
respectively to win the game.
13. In an experiment of drawing a card at random from a pack, the event of getting a
spade is denoted by A and getting a pictured card (king, queen or jack) is denoted by
B. Find the probabilities of A, B, A  B, A  B .
1 2 3
14. In a shooting test the probability of A,B,C hitting the targets are , and
2 3 4
respectively. If all of them fire at the same target, Find the probability that
(i) only one of them hits the target (ii) atleast one of them hits the target.
15. The probabilities of three mutually exclusive events are respectivley given as
1 + 3p 1 − p 1 − 2p 1 1
, , , prove that p
3 4 2 3 2
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. A, B, C are three horses in a race. The probability of A to win the race is twice that of
B, and probability of B is twice that of C. What are the probabilities of A, B and C to
win the race.
2. (i) If A and B are independent events with p(A) = 0.2, p(B) = 0.5. Then find
a) P(A/B) b) P (B/A) c) p(a n B) d) p(A u B)
(ii) If A and B be independent events with P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.7 then compute
a) p(A  B) b)p(A  B) c ) p ( B/ A) d) p(Ac  Bc)
3. If two numbers are selected randomly from 20 consecutive natural numbers, find the
probabiity that the sum of the two numbers is
i) an even number ii) an odd number
4 A speaks truth in 75% of the cases and B in 80% cases. What is the probability that
their statements about an incident do not match
5. If A, B, C are three independent events of an experiment such that
1 1 1
P(A  Bc ) = ,P(Ac  B  Cc ) = ,P(Ac  Bc  Cc ) = , then find P(A),P(B) and P(C).
4 8 4
Page No: 19
 ALPHORES
6. A problem in calculus is given to two students A and B whose chances of solving it
1 1
are and . Find the probability of the problem being solved if both of them try
3 4
independently.
7. A number x is drawn arbitarily from the set {1,2,3,....... 100} . Find the probability
 100 
that  +  29 .
x 
x

8. The probability that Australia wins a match against India in a cricket game is given
1
to be . If India and Australia play 3 matches what is the probability that
3
i) Australia will loose all the 3 matches ii) Australia will win atleast one match.
9. If A and B are independent events of a random experiment then show that A and B
are also independent.
2
10. The probability for a contractor to get a road contract is and to get a building
3
5 4
contract is . The probability to get atleast one contract is . Find the probability
9 5
that he gets both the contracts.
11. In a committee of 25 members, each member is proficient either in mathematics or /
in statistics or in both . If 19 of these are proficient in mathematics, 16 in statistics,
find the probability that a person selected from the committee is proficient in both.
12. A bag contains 12 two rupee coins, 7 one rupee coins and 4 half a rupee coins. If
three coins are selected at random, then find the probability that
(i) the sum of three coins is maximum (ii) the sum of three coins is minimum
(iii) each coin is of different value
13. The probabilities of three events A,B,C are such that P(A)=0.3, P(B)=0.4, P(C)= 0.8,
P(A  B) = 0.09,P(A  C) − 0.28,P(A  B  C) = 0.08 and P(A  B  C)  0.75 . Show that
P(B  C) lies in the interval [0.21,0.46].
14. If A, B, C are three events then show that
P(A  B  C) = P(A) + P(B) + P(C)- P(A  B) − P(B  C) − P(C  A) + P(A  B  C)
 15. If P is a probability function then show that for any two events A and B
P(A  B)  P(A)  P(A  B)  P(A) + P(B).
 16. Find the probability of drawing an Ace or a spade from a well shuffled pack of 52
playing cards.
 17. A pair of dice is rolled what is the probability that they sum to 7 given that neither die
shows a 2?
 18. A page is opened at random from a book containing 200 pages. What is the probability
that the number on the page is a perfect square.
 19. A fair coin is tossed 200 times. Find the probability of getting a head an odd number
of times.
 20. Suppose that a coin is tossed three times. Let event A be “getting three heads” and B
be the event of “getting a head on the first toss”. Show that A and B are dependent
events.

ADDITIONAL PROBLEMS

1. Find the probability that a non-leap year contains

i) 53 Sundays ii) 52 Sundays only.

Page No: 20
 ALPHORES

2. If Aand Bare two events with P(A  B) = 0.65,P(A  B) = 0.15 . Then find the value of
P(A) + P(B).
3. A and B are events with P(A) = 0.5, P(B) = 0.4 and P(A  B) = 0.3. Find the probability
that neither A nor B occurs.
4. For any two events A and B show that P(A  B) = 1 + P(A  B) − P(A) − P(B)

5. If P(A) = x, P(B) = y, P(A  B) = z then find P(A  B) .

6. Two fair dice are rolled, what is the probability that the sum on the faces of the two
dice is 10.
7. Find the probability of throwing a total score of 7 with 2 dice. Two dice are thrown.
Then find the probability of getting the same number on both the faces.
8. Find the probability of getting two heads and two tails when four coins are tossed at
a time.
9. Define i) mutually exclusive events ii) independent events
10. Find the probability of obtaining two tails and one head when 3 coins are tossed.

RANDOM VARIABLES & PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :

1. A random variable X has the following probability distribution.

X=xi 1 2 3 4 5
P(X=xi) K 2k 3k 4k 5k
Find (i)k (ii) mean (iii) variance of X
2. A random variable X has the following probability distribution.

Find (i) k (ii) the mean of X (iii) P(0<X<5)

3. A random variable X has the following probability distribution.

Find ‘k’, mean and variance of X.

4. Let x be a random varibale such that

1 1
P(X =-2) = P(X = -1) = P(X = 2) = P(X = 1) = and p(X = 0) = find the mean and
6 3
variance of x
5. is the probability distribution of a random variable x . Find the variance of x.
6. A cubical die is thrown. Find the mean and variance of x, giving the number on the
face that shows up.
7. The range of a random variable X is {0,1,2}.
Given that P(X = 0) = 3c3, P(X = l) = 4c -10c2, P(X = 2) = 5c–1

Page No: 21
 ALPHORES

Find (i) the value of c (ii) P(X  1),P(1  x  2) and P(0  X  3)

8. One in 9 ships is likely to be wrecked ,when they are set on sail. When 6 ships are on
sail, find the probability for
(i) atleast one will arrive safely (ii) exactly three will arrive safely.
9. In the experiment of tossing a coin ‘n ‘ times, if the variable X denotes the number of
heads and P(X=4), P(X=5) and P(X=6) are in A.P., then find ‘n’
10. Find the probability of guessing atleast 6 out of 10 answers in
(i) true or false type examination (ii) multiple choice with four possible answers.
 11. Five coins are tossed 320 times. Find the frequencies of the distribution of number of
heads and tabulate the result.
 12. Two dice are rolled at random. Find the probability distribution of the sum of the
numbers on them. Find the mean of the random variable.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
01). The mean and variance of a binomial distribution are 4 and 3 respectively.
Find P(X  1).
02). A poisson variable satisfies P(X = 1) = P(X = 2) find P(X=5)
03). If the mean and variance of a binomial variable X are 2.4 and 1.44 respectively,
find P(1< X  4)
04.) For a binomial distribution with mean 6 and variance 2, find the first two terms of
the distribution.
5
05). If the difference between the mean and the variance of a binomial variate is , then
9
find the probability for the event of 2 successes, when the experiment is conducted 5
times.
(k +1)C
06). It A is a random variable with probability distributionP(X = k) = .
2k
k = 0,1,2 ..... then find C
ck
07). The range of a ramdom variable X is {1,2,3,....} and P(X = k) = ;(k = 1,2,3 ....... )
k!
Find the value of c and P(0<X< 3)
x
 2
08). Find the constant ‘c’ so that P(x) = c   , x = 1,2,3,4... is the p.d.f of a discrete
3 
random variable X.
09) In a city 10 accidents take place in a span of 50 days, assuming that the number of
accidents follows the poisson distribution, find the probability that there will be
three or more accidents in a day.
10). It is given that 10% of the electric bulbs manufactured by a company are defective.
In a sample of 20 bulbs, find the probability that more than 2 are defective.
11). On an average, rain falls on 12 days in every 30 days. Find the probability that rain
will fall on just 3 days of a given week.
12. The probability that a person chosen at random is left handed (in handwriting) is 0.1.
What is the probability that in a group of 10 people, there is one who is left handed?
13). Define mean and variance of a randam variable .
14). Define Binomial distribution .
15). Define poisson distribution.

**
Page No: 22
 ALPHORES
M ATHEM ATICS - IIB
BLUE P RINT
S.NO NAM E OF THE CHAPTER W EIGHTAGE M ARKS
CO - ORDINATE GEOM ETRY

1 Circles 22 (7+7+4+2+2)
2 Syste m of Circles 06 (4+2)
3 Parabola 09 (7+2)
4 Ellipse 08 (4+4)
5 Hype rbola 06 (4+2)
CAL CULUS

6 Inte gration 18 (7+7+2+2)

7 Definite Inte gration 15 (7+4+2+2)
8 Diffe rential Equations 13 (7+4+2)
Total marks 97

QUESTION BANK ANALYSIS

S. LAQ SAQ
TOPIC NAME VSAQ TOTAL
NO ⯁⯁⯁ ⯁⯁ ⯁ ⯁⯁⯁ ⯁⯁ ⯁
CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY

1 Circles 11 3 6 10 6 9 26 71

2 System of Circles - - - 5 4 4 9 22

3 Parabola 12 6 2 - - - 11 31

4 Ellipse - - - 16 3 3 - 22

Hyperbola - - - 7 3 7 11 28

CALCULUS

5 Indefinite Integration 18 10 9 - - - 36 73

6 Definite Integration 12 4 2 7 10 4 21 60

7 Differential Equations 10 3 2 12 11 5 14 57

SUBTOTAL 63 26 21 57 37 32
128 364
TOTAL 110 126

Page No: 23
 ALPHORES

CIRCLES
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :

1. Find equation and centre of the circle passing throught the po ints ( 3,4 ), ( 3,2 ) &
(1,4 )
2. Find the value of’c’ if the points (2,0),(0,1),(4,5) and (0,c ) are concylic.
3. Find the equation ofa circle which passes through (2,-3) and(-4, 5) and having the
centre on 4x+3y+l=0
4. Find the equation ofa circle which passes through the points (4, 1), (6, 5) and having
centre on 4x + 3y-24 = 0.
5. Find the equation of the circle whose center lies on X-axis and passing through the
points (-2, 3) and (4, 5)
6. Show that the circles x2 + y2 -4x-6y-12 = 0 andx2 + y2 + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0 touch each
other also find the point of contact and common tangent at this point of contact.
7. Show that the circles x2+y2-6x-2y+l=0; x2+y2 +2x-8y+13=0 touch each other. Find the
point of contact and the equation of common tangent at their point of contact.
8. Find the equations of the pair of direct common tangents to the circles
x2 + y2 + 22x - 4y -100 = 0 and x2 + y2 - 22x + 4y +100 = 0 .
9. Find the equations of transverse common tangents ofthe circles x2+y2-4x- 10y+28=0;
x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0
10. Find the equations of the circles with radius 13 units and touching 2x - 3 y +1 = 0
at (1, 1).
11. Prove that the equation to the pair of tangents drawn from the point (x^y.) to the
circle S = x2 +y2 +2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is S2 = S.S11.
12. Show that the four points (-6, 0), (-2, 2), (-2,-8) and (1, 1) are concyclic.
13. Find the equations of the circles which touches the x-axis at a distance of 3 units
from the origin and making an intercept of length 6 units on the y-axis.
14. If the polar of points on the circle x2 + y2 = a2 with respect to x2 + y2 = b2 touches the
circle x2 + y2 = c2 then show that a, b, c are in GP.
 15. Show that the points (1,2),(3,-4),(5,-6) and (19,8) are concyclic and find the equation
of the circle on which they lie.
 16. Show that the points (9, 1), (7,9), (-2,12), (6,10) are concyclic and find the equation of
the circle on which they lie.
 17. Find the equation ofthe circle passing through the points (5,7),(8,1),(1,3).
 18. Show that four common tangents can be drawn for the circles given by
x2 + y2 - 14x + 6y + 33 = 0, x2 + y2 + 30x - 2y +1 = 0 and find the internal and external
center of similitudes.
 19. Find the equation of the circle circumscribing the triangle formed by the lines 2x+y=4,
x+y=6 and x+2y=5
 20. If 1, 2 are the angles of inclination of tangents through a point P to the circle
x2 + y2 = a2 then find the locus of P when cot 1 + cot 2 =k .
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Find the length of the chord intercepted by the circle x2 + y2-x + 3jy-22 = 0 on the line
y = x - 3.
2. Find the length ofthe chord intercepted by the circle x2 + y2-8JC-2V-8 = 0 ontheline
x+y+l=0
3. Show that the tangent at ( -1,2 ) ofthe circle x2 + y2 -4x-8y + 7 = 0 touches the circle
x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y = 0 and also find its point of tangency.

Page No: 24
 ALPHORES

4. Findequaitonsoftangentstothecirlce x2 + y2 - 4x + 6y - 12 = 0 which are parallel to

x + y-8 = 0.
5. If a point P is moving such that the lengths ofthe tangents drawn from P to the circles
x2+y2-4x-6y-12=0 and x2+y2+6x+18y+26=0 are in the ratio 2:3 then find the equation
of the locus of P.
6. If the chord of contact of a point ‘p’ with respect to the circle x2 + y 2 = a 2cut the circle

at A and B such that AOB = 90o then show that ‘p’ lies on the circle x2 + y2 = 2a2
7. Find the angle between the tangents drawn from (3 , 2 ) to the circle
x2 + y2–6x + 4y – 2 = 0.
8. Find the locus of mid points ofthe chords of contact x2+y2=a2 from the points lying on
the line lx+my+n=0 .
9. If the abscissae ofpointsA,B are the roots ofthe equation x2 + 2ax - b2 = 0 ordinates of

A, B are roots of y2 + 2 py– q2 = 0, then find the euqtion of a circle for which AB is a
diameter.
10. Find the equation of the circle which touches the circle x 2 + y2 - 2x - 4 y - 20 = 0
externally at (5, 5) with radius 5 units.
11. Find the inverse point of (-2,3) with respect to the circle x2 + y2 - 4x - 6y + 9 = 0.
12. Show that the lines 2x + 3 y +11 = 0 and 2x - 2 v -1 = 0 are conjugate with respect to
the circle x2 + y2 +4x + 6v-12 = 0
13. Show that the poles ofthe tangent ofthe circle x2 +y2 =a2 w.r.to the circle (x+a)2 +y2
=2a2 lies on the curve y2 + 4 ax = 0
14. Find the pair oftangents drawn from P (3,2) to the circle x2 + y2 -6x + 4y-2 = 0.
15. Show that x+y+1=0 touches the circle x 2 + y2 -3x + 7y + l4 = 0 and find the point of
contact.
16. Find the equation ofthe cirlce with centre (-2,3) cutting a chord length 2 units on
3x + 4y + 4 = 0.
 17. Find the equation of the circle passing through (0, 0) and making intercepts 4, 3 on
X-axis and Y– axis respectively
 18. Find the area of the triangle formed with the coordinate axes and the tangent drawn
at the point P(x1,y1) on the circle x2 + y2 = a2
 19. If P(x1,y1) is the mid point ofa chord (other than the diameter) ofthe circle
x2+y2+ 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 then the equaiton ofthe chord AB is S1 = S11.
 20. Equation ofthe chord joining P( 1 ), & Q( 2 ) on the circle S=x2 + y2 +2gx + 2fy + c = 0
 1 + 2    + 2    − 2 
is (x + g)cos + (y + f )sin 1 = r cos 1 Where r is radius ofa circle.
   2   2 
 2     

 21. Prove that the tangent at (3,-2) ofthe circle x2 + y2 -13 touches the circle
x2 + y2 + 2x –10 y – 26 = 0 and find its point of contact.

 22. Find the value of k, if kx + 3y -1 = 0,2x + y + 5 = 0 are conjugate lines with respect to
circle x2 +y2-2x-4y-4 = 0.
 23. Find the equation of tangents ofthe circle x 2 +y2 =10 at the points whose abscissae
are 1.
 24. Find the equation ofcircle which touches x 2 + y2 -4x + 6y-l2 = 0 at (-1,1) internally
with a radius of 2.
 25. The line y = mx + c and the circle x 2 + y2 = a2 intersect at A and B. If AB = 2  then
show thatc2=(l + m2)(a2-  2).

Page No: 25
 ALPHORES
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
2 2
1. Find the centre and radiu s ofth e cir lce 1 + m2 (x + v ) - 2cx - 2mcy = 0 (c> 0)
2. Find the values of a, b if ax2 + bxy + 3y2 - 5x + 2 y - 3 = 0 represents a circle. Also find
radius and centre ofthe circle.
3. If the center ofthe circle x 2 + y2 +ax +by-12-0 is (2,3), find the values of a,b and the
radius ofthe circle.
4. Find the values ofg andf, if x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy -12 = 0 represents the circle with centre
(2,3) and radius?
5. Find the other end ofthe diameter ofthe circle x 2 + y2 -8x-8>> + 27 = 0. if one end of
it is (2,3).
6. If x2 + y2 -4x + 6y + c = 0 represents a circle with radius ‘6’, then find the value of ‘c’.
7. If the length of the tangent from (2,5)to the circle x2 + y2 - 5x + 4 y + k - 0 is 37 ,then
find ‘k’.
8. Find the equation ofthe circle passing through (2, -1) and having the centre at (2, 3).
9. Find the equation ofthe circle passing through (3,4) and having the centre at
(-3, 4).
10. Find the equation of the circle whose centre is (–4, -3) and which passes through the
origin.
11. Obtain the parametric equation ofthe circle x2 + y2 -6x + 4y-12 = 0.
12. Obtain the parametric equation ofthe circle(x - 3)2+(y– 4) =82.
13. Find The equation ofthe circle whose extremities ofa diameter are (1,2) and (4,5).
14. Find the polar of (1, 2) with respect to x2 + y2 =7
15. Find the pole of ax + by + c = 0(c & 0) with respect to x2 + y2 = r2
16. Find the pole of 3x + 4 y - 45 = 0 with respect x2 + y2 - 6x - 8 y + 5 = 0
17. Find the value of ‘k’, if the points (4, k),(2, 3) are conjugate with respect to x2 + y2 =17
18. Find the number of common tangents that can be drawn to the circles x2 + y2 = 4, x2
+ y2 - 6x - 8 y +16 = 0.
19. Find the value of a if 2x2 + ay2 -3x + 2y-l = 0 represents a circle and also radius.
20. State and necessary and sufficient condition for lx + my + n = 0 be a normal to the
circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
21. Show that A (3,-1) lies on the circle x2 + y2 -2x + 4y = 0 also find the other end of the
diameter through A.
22. Find the value of k, if the points (4,2) and (k,-3) are conjugate with respect to the
circle x2 + y2 - 5x + 8 y + 6 = 0.
23. Find the chord of contact of (2,5) with respect to circle x2 + y2 -5x + 4y-2 = 0.
24. Find the equation ofthe normal to the circle x2 + y2 - 4x - 6 y +11 = 0 at (3,2) also find
the other point where the normal meets the circle.
25. Obtain the parametric equation of the circle represented by x2 + y2– 4.
26. Find the equation of the circle which is concentric with x2 +y2 - 6x - 4y -12 = 0 and
passing through (-2,14).

SYSTEM OF CIRCLES
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Find the equation of the circle which is orthogonal to each of the following circles
x2 + y2 + 2x +1 ly + A = 0, x2 + y2 + 7x + 6y +11 = 0, x2 + y2 - x + 22y + 3 = 0.
2. Find the equation ofthe circle cutting orthogonally to the circles x 2+y2-4x-6y+l 1=0,
x2+y2-10x-4y+21 =0 and has 2x+3 y=7 as diameter.
3. Find equation of the circle passing through origin and cuts the circles
x2 + y2 - 4x + 6y + 10 = 0, x2 + y2 + 12y + 6 = 0 orthogonally.

Page No: 26
 ALPHORES

4. Show that the circles S = x2 + y2 - 2x - Ay - 20 = 0 and Sl = x2+y2+6x + 2y- 90 = 0 touch

each other internally. Find their point of contact and the equation of the common
tangent.
5. Show that the circles x2 + y2 - 8x - 2 y + 8 = 0 and x2 + y2 -2x + 6y + 6 = 0 touch each
other and find the point of contact.
6. If the straight line represented by x cos a + y sin a = p intersects the circle x2 + y2 = a2
at the points A and B, then show that the equation of the circle with as diameter is
(x2 + y2 -a2)-2p(xcos  + ysin  - p) - 0 .
7. If two circles x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy = 0 and x 2 + y2 + 2g1x + 2 f1y = 0 touch each other
then show that f1g = fg1.
8. Show that the circles x2 + y2 + 2 ax + c - 0 and x2 + y2 + 2by + c-0 touch each other if
1 1 1
2
+ 2=
a b c
9. Find the equation ofthe circle passing through the points of intersection of the circles
x2 +y2-8x-6y + 2l = 0, x2 +y2-2x-15 = 0 and(1,2).
 10. Find the equation of the circle passing through the intersection ofthe circles x2 +y2
x y
=2ax and x2 + y2 = 2by and having its centre on the line − = 2.
a b
 11. Find the equation and length ofthe common chord of the two circles
S = x2+y2 +3x + 5y + 4 = 0 and Sl = x2 + y2 +5x + 3y + 4 = 0.
 12. Find the equation of the circle passing through the origin having its center on line
x+y=4 and intersecting the circle x2 + y2 - 4x + 2y + 4 = 0 orthoganally.
 13. Show that the common chord of the circles x 2 + y 2–6 x–4 y + 9 = 0 and
x2 + y2 - 8x - 6y + 23 = 0 is the diameter of the second circle and also find its length.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Find the angle between the circles x2 + y2 - 12x-6y + 4l-0 and x2+y2+4x + 6y-59 = 0.
2. Find k, if the pair of circles x2 + y2 -6x-8y + l2 = 0 and x2 + y2 -4x + 6y + k = 0 are
orthogonal.
3
3. Show that the angle between the circles x2 + y2 = a2, x2 + y2 = ax + ay is .
4
4. Find the equation of the radical axis of the circles x2 + y2 + 2x + 4 y +1 = 0,
x2 + y2 + 4x + y = 0.
5. Find the equation ofthe common chord of the pair of circles x2 + y2 - 4x - 4 y + 3 = 0,
x2 + y2 - 5x - 6y + 4 = 0.
6. Find the equation ofthe common tangent of the cirlces at their point of contact
x2 +y2 + 10x-2y + 22 = 0, x2 + y2 + 2x-8v + 8 = 0.
7. Show that the circles x2 + y2 - 2x + 4y + 4 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 3x + 4y +1 = 0 are intersect
each other orthogonally.
8. If the angle between the circles x2 + y2-12x-6y + 41 = 0 and x2 + y2 + kx + 6y-59 = 0
is 450 then find k.

PRARABOLA
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :
1. Derive the equation of parabola y2 = 4ax in standard form.
2. Find the focus, vertex, equation ofthe directrix, axis and the length ofthe latusrectum
to the parabola y2 -x + 4y + 5 = 0.
3. Find the co-ordinates of vertex, focus, equation ofthe directrix and axis ofthe parabola
x2-2x+4y-3=0.

Page No: 27
 ALPHORES
4. Find the equations oftangents to the parabola y 2 = 16x which are parallel and
perpendicular respectively to the line 2x-y + 5 = 0, also find the coordinates of their
points of contact.
5. Find the equation of the parabola, whose axis is parallel to the x-axis and which
passes through the points A(-2,1), B(1,2) and C(-1,3).
6. Find the equation of the parabola whose axis is parallel to y-axis and which passes
through the points (4, 5), (-2, 11) and (-4, 21).
7. The normal at a point P( t1) on y2 = 4ax meets the parabola again in the points P(t2).
 2
=− t + 2

Then prove that t2 1  (or) t1t2 + t1 + 2 = 0

 t1 
8. Show that the equation of the common tangents to the circle x2+y2=2a2 and the parabola
y2=8ax are y = ±(x + 2a).
9. Find the equation of the parabola whose focus is (-2,3) and directrix is the line
2x+3y-4=0. Also find the length ofthe latusrectum and the equation of axis ofthe
parabola.
10. If a normal chord a point’t’ on the parabola y2 = 4ax subtends a right angle at vertex,
then prove that t =  2 .
11. Show that the common tangents to the 2x2 + 2y2 = a2 and the parabola y2= 4ax
intersect at the focus ofthe parabola y2 = –4ax.
12. Prove that the two parabolas y2 = 4ax and x2 = 4by intersect (other than the origin) at
 3a1/3b1/3 
−1
an angle of tan  2(a2/ 3 + b2/ 3 )  .
 
13. Showthatthelocusofpointofintersectionofperpendiculartangentstotheparabola y2 = 4ax
is the directrix x + a = 0
14. Prove that the area ofthe triangle inscribed in the parabola y2 = 4ax is
1
(y − y )(y − y (y − y ) sq.units where y ,y ,y are the ordinates of its vertices.
1 2 2 3 3 1 1 2 3
8a
15. Find the condition for the line y = mx + c to be a tangent to the parabola x2 = 4ay
16. Showlhatthecommontangenttotheparabola y 2 = 4ax and x2 = 4by is a1/
3x + b1/3y + a2/3b2/3 = 0

17. If lx+my+n=0 is a normal to the parabola y2=4ax, then show that al3+2alm2+nm2=0.
18. Prove that the area of the triangle formed by the tangents at (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and
1
(x , y ) to the parabola y2 = 4ax(a > 0) is (y1 − y2 )(y2 − y3 )(y3 − y1 ) squareunits.
3 3 16a
 19. From an external point P tangents are drawn to the parabola y2=4ax and these tangents
make angles 1, 2 with its axis, such that cot 1 + cot 2 is a constant ‘d’. Then show
that all such P lie on a horizontal line.
 20. Find the equation of the parabola whose focus is S (3, 5) and the vertex is A (1,3).
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :

5
21. Find the coordinates of the points on the parabola y2 = 2x whose focal distance is .
2
22. If (1 /2,2) is one extremity of a focal chord of the parabola y2 = 8x find the coordinates
of the other extremity.
23. Show that the line 2x-y+2 = 0 is a tangent to the parabola y2 = 16x .Find the point of
contact also
24. Find the co-ordinates ofthe point on the parabola y2 = 8x, whose focal distance is
10 units.

Page No: 28
 ALPHORES
25. Find the vertex and focus of x2 - 6x - 6y + 6 = 0.
26. Find the axis and directrix of y2 + 6y - 2x + 5 = 0.
27. Find equation of parabola whose focus S( 1, -7) vertex (1, -2).
28. Find the equation of the parabola whose vertex is (3 ,-2) and the focus is (3,1)
29. Find the value ofk, ifthe line 2y = 5x + k is atangent to the parabola y2 = 6x
10. Find the equation of normal to the parabola y2 = 4x which is parallel to y–2x + 5=0
11. Find the equation ofthe tangent to the parabola y2= 16x inclined at an angle 60° with
its axis and also find the point of contact.

ELLIPSE
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Find the length ofthe major axis, minor axis, latus rectum, eccentricity, coordinates
of centre, foci and the equation of directrices of the ellipse x2+2y2-4x+12y+14=0.
2. Find eccentricity, coordinates of foci,length of latusrectum and equations of directrices
of the ellipses
i) 9x2+16y2-36x+32y-92=0 ii) 3x2+y2-6x - 2y-5 = 0.
3. Find the length ofthe major axis, mior axis, latus recturm, eccentricity, coordinates
of centre, foci and the equation of directrices ofthe ellipse 4x2.+ y2 -8x + 2y + l = 0.
4. Find the equation of the ellipse whose focus is (1,-1), e = 2/3 and directrix is x+y+2=0.
5. Find the equation of tangent to the ellipse 2x2 + y2 =8 which is parallel and
perpendicular to x - 2y - 4 = 0 .
x2 y2
6. If the line y=mx+c touches the ellipse 2
+ = 1 , prove that c2 = a2m2 + b2 ;
a b2
( a>b).
x2 y2
7. If P is a point on the ellipse + = 1 whose foci S and S1 then show that
a2 b2
SP+S1 P = 2a (constant)
8. Show that the points of intersection ofthe perpendicular tangents to an ellipse lies on
a circle. (Director Circle)
9. Find the equation of the ellipse referred to it’s major and minor axes as coordinates
axes x,y respectively with latus rectum of length 4 and distance between foci 4 2 .
10. Find the equation ofthe ellipse in the standard form such that distance between foci
is 8 and distance between directrices is 32.
(x − h)2 (y − k)2
+ =1
11. Find the equation of the ellipse in the form given the following
a2 b2
data
(i) centre (2, -1), one end of the major axis (2, -5), e = 1 / 3
(ii) center (4,-1), one end ofthe major axis (-1,-1) and passes through (8,0)
(iii) center (0, -3), e = 213 ,semi minor axis 5
(iv) center (2, -1), e = 1 / 2, length of latus rectum 4
12. Find the equations to the tangents to the ellipse x 2 +2y2 -3 drawn from the point
(l,2)and also find the angle between these tangents.
13. Show that the foot of the perpendicular drawn from the centre on any tangent to the
ellipse lies on the curve x2 + y2 = a2x2 + b2y2 .
14. Find the condition for the line
x2 y2
+ =1
(i) lx + my + n = 0 to be a tangent to the ellipse
a2 b2
x2 y2
+ =1
(ii) lx + my + n - 0 to be a normal to the ellipse
a2 b2

Page No: 29
 ALPHORES
15. Find the length of major axis, minor axis, latusrectum, eccentricity, coordinates of
centre, foci and the equations of directrices ofthe ellipse 9x 2 +16y2 = 144.
16. Find the condition for the line x cos  + y sin = p to be a tangent to the ellipse
x2 y 2
+ =1
a2 b2

x2 y2
17. If the normal at one end of latusrectum ofthe ellipse +
= 1 passes through one
a2 b2
end of minor axis, then show that e4 + e2 =1 [where e is the eccentricity ofthe ellipse]
18. Find the equations of tangent and normal to the ellipse 9x2 +16 y2 =144 at the end of
latusrectum in the first quadrant.
x2 y2
19. Derive the equation of an ellipse in the standard form =1 +
a2 b2
 20. If 1 & 2 are the eccentric angles of the extremities of a focal chord of the ellipse
x2 y2 e +1  1   
+ = 1 (a>b) and e is the eccentricity then show that = cot cot 2
   
a2 b2 e −1 2 2
x2 y2
=1 +
 21. Show that among the points on the ellise , a>b, –a=0 is the farthest point
a2 b2
and (a,0) is the nearest point from the focus (ae,0).
 22. If the length ofthe major axis of an ellipse is three times the length of its minor axis
then find the eccentricity ofthe ellipse.

HYPERBOLA
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :

1. Find the eccentricity, foci, equations of the directrices, length of the latusrectum of
the hyperbola 9x2-16y2+72x-32y-16=0.
2. Find the foci, eccentricity and the equations of directrices ofthe hyperbola
16y2 - 9x2 =144.
3. Find the eccentricity, foci, length of latus rectum and equations of the directrices of
the hyperbola x2-4y2=4.
4. Find the equations of tangents drawn to the hyperbola x2 - 4y2 =4 which are parallel
and perpendicular to the line x+2y=0.
5. Find the equations ofthe Tangents to the Hyperbola 3x 2 -4y2 =12 which are
(i)parllel and (ii) perpendicular to the line y = x - 7
6. Prove that the point of intersection of two perpendicular tangents to the hyperbola
x2 y 2
+ = 1 lies on the circle x2 + y2 = a2–b2
a2 b2
b
7. 2 tan−1  
Show that angle between the asymptotes of the hyperbola S=0 is (or)
a
2 sec–1 (e)
8. Show that the condition for the line lx+my+n=0 to be a tangent to the hyperbola
x2 y 2
+ = a2l2 − b2m2 = n2 .
1 is
a2 b2

x2 y2
9. Tangents to the hyperbola + = 1 make angles  and  with transverse axis of
a2 b2 1 2

a hyperbola.

Page No: 30
 ALPHORES
Show that the point of intersection of these tangents lies on the curve 2xy = k (x2 - a2)
when tan 1 + tan 2 =k.
10. Find the equation ofthe hyperbola ofgiven length of transverse axis ‘6’ whose vertex
bisects the distance between the centre and the focus.
 11. One focus of hyperbola located at (1 ,-3) and corresponding directrix is the line y=2.Find
the equation of hyperbola if its eccentricity is 3/2.
 12. Find the equation ofthe hyperbola whose asymptotes are x+2y+3=0, 3x+4y+5=0, and
which passes through the point (1,-1).
 13. The differences ofthe focal distances of any point on the hyperbola is constant i.e., if
x2 y2
2 +
P is a point on the hyperbola = 1 with foci S and S1 then S1P − SP = 2a
a b2
(constant).
x2 y2
+ =1
 14. If the line lx + my = 1 is a normal to the hyperbola then show that
a2 b2
a2 b2
− = (a 2 + b 2 )2
l2 m2

x2 y2
=1 +
 15. Derive the standard form of Hyperbola .
a2 b2
 16. A circle cuts the rectangluar hyperbola xy = 1 in the points (xr, yr), r = 1,2,3,4 . Prove
that x1x2x3x4 = y1y2y3y4 = 1.
x2 y2
 17. Show that the equation + = 1 represents
9−c 5−c
(i) an ellipse it ‘c’ is arealconstant lessthan ‘5’
(ii) a hyperbola it’c’is any real constant between 5 and 9
(iii) show that each ellipse in (i) and Hyperbola (ii) has fociat two points (±2,0)
independent of the value ‘c’.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :

1. If e, el are the eccentricities of a hyperbola and its conjugate hyperbola, prove that
1 1
+ = 1.
2
e e12
2. If the eccentricity of a hyperbola be 5/4, then find the eccentricity of its conjugate
hyperbola.
3. Find the equation to the Hyperbola whose foci are (4,2) and (8, 2) and eccentricity is
‘2’.
4. Find the equation of the hyperbola whose foci are (±5,0) and the transverse axis of
length 8.
5. Find the eccentricity and length of latusrectum ofthe hyperbola x2 –4y2 =4
6. Find the length ofthe latusrectum ofthe hyperbola x2-3y2 = 144
7. Find the equations of the tangents to the hyperbola 3x2 - 4y2 =12 which is parallel to
the line y=x-7.
8. If 3x - Ay + k = 0 is a tangent to x2 - 4y2 = 5 find the value of k.
9. I f the angle between the asymptotes of a hyperbola is 30° then find its eccentricity.

10. Find the equation of the normal at  = to the hyperbola 3x2 - 4y2 =12
3
11. Define rectangular hyperbola and find its eccentricity.

Page No: 31
 ALPHORES

INDEFINITE INTEGRATION

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :

9 cos x − sin x
1. Evaluate  4 sin x + 5 cos xdx
2 cos x + 3sin x
2. Evaluate  4 cos x + 5 sin xdx
2sin x + 3 cos x + 4
3. Evaluate  3 sin x + 4 cos x + 5dx
cos x + 3sin x + 7
4. Evaluate  cos x + sin x + 1
dx

5. Find the reduction formula for sinn xdx(n  2) and hence find sin4 xdx .
6. Find the reduction formula for  tann xdx(n  2) and hence find  tan6 xdx .
7. Obtain reduction formula for In =  cotn xdx, n being a positive integer n  2 and hence

deduce the value of  cot4 xdx .

8. Obtain reduction formula for In = secn xdx , n being a positive integer n  2 and

hence deduce the value of sec5 xdx .

9. Evaluate (6x + 5) 6 − 2x2 + xdx

10. Evaluate (3x − 2) 2x2 − x + 1dx

2x + 5
11. Evaluate  x2 − 2x + 10
dx

1
12. Evaluate  (1 + x) 3 + 2x − x2
dx

dx
13. Evaluate  (x + 1) 2x2 + 3x +1

dx
14. Evaluate  (1 − x) 3 − 2x − x2
on (–1,3)

5−x
15. Evaluate  x−2
dx on (2,5)

x+3
16. Evaluate  (x + 1)(x2 + 1) dx
dx
17. Evaluate  3 cos x + 4sin x + 6
2 2 x 2 2 a2 −1  x 
a − x dx =
18. Show that  2
a −x +
2
sin   + c
a 

Page No: 32
 ALPHORES

dx
19. Evaluate 
5 + 4 cos x
1
20. Evaluate  dx
4 + 5sin x
dx
21. Evaluate 
5 + 4 cos 2x
dx
22. Evaluate 
2 − 3 cos 2x
2x + 3
23. Evaluate  dx
(x + 3)(x + 4) 2

24. Evaluate  1 + 3x − x2 dx

25. Evaluate  3 + 8x − 3x2 dx

dx
26. Evaluate  on R
1 + x4
x +1
27. Evaluate  dx
x2 − x + 1
1 n −1
28. If I = cosn xdx then show that I = cosn−1 x sin x + I
n  n
n n n−2

m n −sinm−1 x cosn+1 x m −1
 29. If Im,n = sin x cos xdx thens how that Im,n = + Im−2,n , for a
m+n m+n
positive integer n and an integer m  2 .

 30. Evaluate  x sin−1 xdx on (–1,1)

 31. Evaluate  x2 cos xdx

1− x
 32. Evaluate  tan−1 1+ x
dx, on (−1,1)

1
 33. Evaluate  x3 + 1dx
x +1
 34. Evaluate  dx
x2 + 3x + 12
1
dx
 35. Evaluate  sin x + 3 cos x
2x2 + x +1
 36. Evaluate  (x + 3)(x − 2) 2
dx

 37. Evaluate  x 1 + x − x2 dx
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
3
 1
1. Evaluate   x + x  dx, x  0

Page No: 33
 ALPHORES

(ax − bx )2
2. Evaluate  a b dx x x

3. Evaluate  1 − cos 2xdx

4. Evaluate sec2 x cos ec2xdx

 1 2 
5. Evaluate  +

dx on (−1,1)
 1 − x2 1 + x2 

6. Evaluate  ex [tan x + log(sec x)]dx

7. Evaluate  ex (1 + tan2 x + tan x)dx
(1 + x log x)
Evaluate  e
x
8. dx
x
ex (1 + x)
9. Evaluate  (2 + x) 2
dx

xex
10. Evaluate  (x + 1) 2
dx

1
11. Evaluate  (x + 1)(x + 2)dx
dx
12. Evaluate  (x + 3) x+2
 
13. Evaluate  1 −  1x
1  e x+ .dx
 x3 
ex (1 + x)
14. Evaluate  cos (xe 2 x
)
dx on I  R/{ x  R : cos(xex ) = 0}

x8
15. Evaluate 1 + x 18 dx on R
2x3
16. Evaluate 1 + x 8 dx
x2dx
17. Evaluate  6
1− x
sin4 x
18. Evaluate  cos 6
x
dx

cot(log x)
19. Evaluate  x
dx

cos x
20. Evaluate  x
dx

21. Evaluate sec x log(sec x + tan x)dx

Page No: 34
 ALPHORES

1
22. Evaluate  x log x[log(log x)] dx
1
23. Evaluate  ex −1 dx
1 + cos2 x
24. Evaluate  1 − cos 2x dx
25. Evaluate  log xdx
26. Evaluate  x tan−1 x.dx
27. Evaluate sin−1 xdx

dx
28. Evaluate  x2 + 2x + 10
dx

sin 2x
29. Evaluate  a cos2 x + bsin2 x dx
 1 − sin x 
e
x
30. Evaluate  dx
1 − cos x 
cos x
31. Evaluate  sin 2
x + 4sin x + 5
dx

dx
32. Evaluate  (x + 5) (x + 4)

 −4 4 
16 − 25x2 dx on
33. Evaluate  
,
 5 5


log(1 + x)
34. Evaluate  1+ x
dx on (−1, )

1
35. Evaluate  1 + cos x dx on I  R − {(2n + 1) : n  z} .
sin(tan−1 x)
36. Evaluate  1 + x2
dx x  R .

DEFINITE INTEGRATION
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :

1. log(1 + x) 

1
Show that dx = log 2
0 1 + x2 8
/ 4
sin x + cos x 1
2. Show that  9 + 16sin 2x
dx =
20
log 3
0

/2
x 
3. Show that 0 sin x + cos x
dx =
2 2
log( 2 +1)

Page No: 35
 ALPHORES
/2
sin2 x 1
4. Show that  sin x + cos x
dx =
2
log( 2 + 1)
0
/ 2
x sin x 2
5. Show that  1 + sin x
dx =
2
−
0


x
6. Evaluate  1 + sin x dx
0

7. Evaluate  x sin 7

x cos6 xdx
0


x sin x
8. Evaluate  1 + cos 2
x
dx
0

x sin3 x
9. Evaluate  1 + cos 2
x
dx
0

x2 y2
10. Find the area of ellipse +
= 1 . Also deduce the area of the circle x2 + y2 = a2
a2 b2
11. Find the area enclosed between the curves y2 =4x, y2 = 4(4 - x) (May-07,11)
12. 2 2
Find the area bounded by the parabolas y = 4ax and x = 4by (a > 0, b > 0).
/2
cos x
13. Evaluate 
−/ 2 1 + ex
dx

b

14. Prove that 
a
(x −1a)(b − x)dx =
8
(b − a)2

15.
:
Show that the area enclosed between the curves y2 = 12(x + 3) and y2 = 20(5–x) is
5
64 sq. units
3

x2 y2
16. Let AOB be positive quadrant of ellipse + = 1 with OA = a, OB = b then show
a2 b2
  − 2
that area bounded between chord AB and Arc AB of ellipse is  ab sq.units
 4 
 17. Find the area enclosed between the curves y = x2 - 5x and y = 4 - 2x.
 18. Find the area enclosed between the curves y = x2+l, y = 2x – 2 , x = –l,x = 2.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :

1. Find the area enclosed between the curves y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y

2. Find the area enclosed by the curves y = 3x and y = 6x - x2.
1

3. Find  x tan −1

xdx
0


2 a sin x + bcos x
4. Find  0
sin x + cos x
dx


3 sin x
5. Find  sin x + cos x
dx

6

Page No: 36
 ALPHORES


2

 sin
n
6. Find the reduction formula for xdx
0

1/ n
 1  2  n 
7. lt 1 +  1 + .........1 + 
Evaluate n→
 n  n  n 
a

8. Find  x(a − x)n dx

0

9. Evaluate x 2
(a2 − x)3 /2 dx
−a


2 dx
10. Find  4 + 5 cos x
0

/ 4

11. Evaluate  0
log(1 + tan x)dx

12. Find x 3 /2
1 − xdx
0

16
x1/ 4
13. Evaluate  1+ x 1/2 dx
0

 n + 1 + n + 2 + ........ + n + n 
14. Find Lt  
n→
 n n 

 1 1 1 
15. Find Lt  + ...... + 
n→ n +1 n+2 6n

16. Find the area of one ofthe curvilinear triangles bounded by y = sinx, y = cosx and
x-axis.

17. Find area bounded by the curves y = x2, y = x3

/ 2

 18. Evaluate  x sin xdx

0

1    n 
 19. Find Lt  tan + tan + ........ + tan 
n→ n  4n 4n 4n

 20. Find the area between the line y = 0 and the curve y= x2– 4x + 3 .

 21. Find area bounded by y2 = 3x and x = 3

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :

2 sin5 x
1. Find the value of  sin
0
5
x + cos5 x
dx

4 2

2. (i) Find  2 − x dx (ii) Find  1 − x dx

2 0

Page No: 37
 ALPHORES


2

3. Evaluate  sin x dx
−
2

3 2x
4. Evaluate  1 + x2 dx
2

1
x2
5. Evaluate x 2
+1
dx
0

6. Find 
0
4 − x2dx

7. Evaluate 
0
2 + 2cos .d

/2

8. Evaluate  sin4 x cos5 xdx

0

/ 2

9. Evaluate  sin2 x cos4 xdx

−/2

2k + 4k + 6k +........... + (2n)k
10. Evaluate Lim k+1 by method offinding definite integral as limit
n→ n
of a sum

2 sin2 x − cos2 x
11) Evaluate  sin
0
3
x + cos3 x
dx

12) Find the area bounded by y = x3 + 3 , X- axis, x = -1 and x =2.

13) Find the area bounded by the parabolay = x2, the x-axis and the lines x=-1, x=2.
14) Find the area ofthe region enclosed by the given curves x = 4– y2, x = 0.
15) Find the area u nder the cu r ve f (x ) - sin x in [0 , 2  ].
16) Find the area bounded by the curve y2 -1 = 2x and x = 0
/2

17) Evaluate  tan5 x.cos8 xdx

0

/ 2

18) Evaluate  sin5 x.cos4 xdx

0

/ 2

19) Evaluate  sin6 x.cos4 xdx

0


n
i
20. Evaluate Lt 2 2
n→
i=1 n + i
a

21. Evaluate  a2 − x2 dx
0

2

22. Evaluate  sin 2

x cos4 xdx
0

Page No: 38
 ALPHORES

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (7 Marks) :

1. Solve (2x+y + 3)dx = (2y + x + l)dy.
dy 3y − 7x + 7
2. Solve dx = 3x − 7y − 3

dy x−y+3
3. Solve dx = 2x − 2y + 5

dy y2 − 2xy
=
4. Solve dx x2 − xy
dy
5. Solve (2x + 2y + 3) = (x + y + 1)
dx
dy
6. Solve (x2 y3 + xy) = 1
dx
dy
7. Solve (x + y + 1) =1
dx
dy −1

Solve (1 + x ) + y = etan
2 x
8.
dx
dy
9. Solve + y tan x = sin x
dx
dy y2 + y + 1
+ =0
10. Solve
dx x2 + x + 1
11. Solve the differential equ ation (x 3 -3xy2)dx + (3x 2 y-y3)dy = 0
y  
12. Give the solution of x sin
2
dx = ydx − xdy which passes through the point 1,
x  4
   
y y
13. Solve x sec (ydx + xdy) = y cos ec (xdy − ydx)
x x
   
dy
 14. Solve + x sin 2y = x3 cos2 y
dx
dy
 15. Find the solution of x(x-2) 3
– 2(x-l)y = x (x-2) which satisfies the condition that
dx
y = 9 when x = 3
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :

dy
1. Solve = ex−y + x2e−y
dx
−1  dy 
2. Solve sin =x+y
 
 dx 
dy x(2 log x +1)
3. Solve =
dx sin y + y cos y
Page No: 39
 ALPHORES

dy
4. Solve = sin(x + y) + cos(x + y)
dx
 2
y 
5. Solve xdy = y + x cos dx
  
  
x

6. Solve (x2 − y2 )(dx − xy)dy = 0

7. Solve (2x − y)dy = (2y − x)dx

8. Solve (x2 + y2 )dx = 2xy dy

dy
9. Solve − y tan x = ex sec x
dx
dy
10. Solve + y sec x = tan x
dx
dy
11. Solve + y tan x = cos3 x
dx
12. Solve (1 + y2 )dx = (tan−1 y − x)dy

13. Solve 1 + x2 dx + 1 + y2dy = 0

14. Solve (xy2 + x)dx + (yx2 + y)dy = 0

15. Solve (ex +1)ydy + (y + 1)dx = 0

dy y y2
16. Solve + =
dx x x2
dy (x + y)2
17. Solve =
dx 2x2
dy
18. Solve cos x + 2xy − 4x2 = 0
dx
dy
19. Solve (1 + x2 ) + 2xy − 4x2 = 0
dx
 4x dy 1
20. Solve the D.E. dx +  1 + x2  y = (1 + x2 )2
 
dy
21. Solve x log x + y = 2 log x
dx
dy 3x − y + 7
22. Solve dx = x − 7y − 3

dy
23. Solve 2(x − 3y + 1) = 4x − 2y + 1
dx
 24. Solve 1 + x2 1 + y2 dx + xydy = 0

dy
 25. Solve − x tan(y − x) = 1
dx
dy y y2
 26. Solve 2 = +
dx x x2

Page No: 40
 ALPHORES

 y  dy y
 27. Solve x sin = y sin −x
 x  dx x
   
dy y y
 28. Find the equation of a curve whose gradient is = − cos2 when x>0, y>0 and
dx x x
 
which passes through the point 1,  .
 4
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :

6
d2 y
 dy  
3 5

1. Find the order and degree of  2 +    = 6y

 dx dx   
5 /3
d2y   dy 2 
2. Find the order and degree of the differential equation dx2 = 1 +  dx  
    

 dy 2  d2y 1/3 
1/ 4

3. Find the order and degree of  dx  +  dx2   =0

    
 

d 2y dy  dy 
+2 + y = log
4. Find the order and degree of 2  
dx dx  dx 
1/3
 d2 y  dy
5. Find the order and degree of x
1/ 2
  +x +y =0
 dx 
2 dx
2
 d3 y 
2
 dy 
 − 3  −e =4
x
6. Find the order and degree of 
 dx 3
  dx 
7. Form the differential equation corresponding to y-cx–2c2 where c is a parameter.
8. Form the differential equaiton corresponding to y = Acos3x + 5sin3x where A& B are
parameters.
9. Form the differential equation corresponding to the family of circles passing through
the origin and having centers on Y-axis.
10. Form the differential equation of the family of all circles with their centres at the
origin and also find its order.
dy
11. Find the I.F ofthe differential equation x − y = 2x2 sec2 2x
dx
12. Find the I.F. ofthe differential equation (l + y2) dx = (Tan–ly -x)dy
x  x x
 x
 dx
1 + e y dx + e y 1 − dy = 0 =F
13. Express     in the form  
   y dy y

14. Express (x )
x2 + y2 − y2 dx + xydy = 0 in the form
dy
dx
y
= F  .
x
 

**

Page No: 41
 ALPHORES

SENIOR – PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK ANALYSIS
LAQ SAQ
S. PROBL
NAME OF THE CHAPTER VSAQ TOTAL
NO EMS
⯁⯁⯁ ⯁⯁ ⯁ ⯁⯁⯁ ⯁⯁ ⯁

1 WAVES 5 - - 1 3 1 - 7 25

RAY OPTICS & OPTICAL

2 2 2 - 5 2 - 8 6 25
INSTRUMENTS

3 WAVE OPTICS 1 2 2 5 1 1 6 5 23
ELECTRIC CHARGES &
4 - 1 2 4 1 1 13 2 24
FIELDS
ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL
5 2 1 - 2 1 2 8 5 20
& CAPACITANCE

6 CURRENT ELECTRICITY - - 2 3 1 5 10 2 23

MOVING CHARGES AND

7 1 4 - 4 4 - 11 8 32
MAGNETISM

3 MAGNETISM AND MATTER 1 1 - 2 1 1 7 1 14

ELECTRO MAGNETIC
9 - - 1 2 2 - 6 2 13
INDUCTION

10 ALTERNATING CURRENT - 1 - 1 2 - 9 4 17

11 ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVES - - - 1 - 1 9 - 11

DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION

12 - 1 1 2 1 1 10 4 20
AND MATTER

13 ATOMS 2 1 - 6 - - 8 1 18

14 NUCLEI 2 2 - 5 3 1 14 6 33

SEMI CONDUCTOR
15 3 2 - 4 9 2 14 4 38
ELECTRONICS

16 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - - - - - - 8 - 8

SUBTOTAL 19 18 8 47 31 16
149 57 345
TOTAL 18 88

Page No: 42
 ALPHORES

WAVES
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. What is Doppler effect? Obtain an expression for the apparent frequency of sound
heard when the source is in motion with respect to an observer at rest?
2. Explain the formation of stationary wave in an air column enclosed in open pipe.
Derive the equations for the frequencies of the harmonics produced?
3. How are stationary waves formed in closed pipes? Explain the various modes of
vibrations and obtain relations for their frequencies?
4. Explain the formation of stationary waves in stretched strings and hence deduce the
laws of transverse waves in stretched string?
5. What is Doppler’s shift? Obtain an expression for the apparent frequency of sound
heard when the observer is in motion with respect to a source at rest?
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :

1. What are ‘beats’? When do they occur? Explain their uses, if any?
2. What are standing waves? Explain how standing waves may be formed in a stretched
string?
3. Explain the modes of vibration of a stretched string with examples?
4. What is ‘Doppler effect’ ? Give illustrative examples?
 5. What do you understand by ‘resonance’? How would you use resonance to determine
the velocity of sound in air?
6. Write an expression for progressive harmonic wave and explain the various parameters
used in the expression?
PROBLEMS :
1. A stretched wire of length 0.6m is observed to vibrate with a frequency of 30Hz in
the fundamental mode.Ifthe string has a linear mass of 0.05 kg/m find
(a) the velocity of propagation of transverse waves in the string
(b) the tension in the string.
2. A string has a length of 0.4m and a mass of 0.16g. If the tension in the string is 70N
What are the three lowest frequencies it produces when plucked?
3. A closed organ pipe 70cm long is sounded . If the velocity of sound is 331 m/s , what
is the fundamental frequency of vibration of the air column?
4. A vertical tube is made to stand in water so that the water level can be adjusted.
Sound waves of frequency 320 Hz are sent into the top of the tube.If standing waves
are produced at two successive water levels of 20cm and 73cm,what is the speed of
sound waves in the air in the tube?
5. Two organ pipes of lengths 65cmand 70cmrespectively, are sounded simultaneously.
How many beats per second will be produced between the fundamental frequencies
of the two pipes?( Velocity of sound=330m/s)
6. Atrain sounds its whistle as it approaches and crosses a level-crossing. An observer
at the crossing measures a frequency of 219Hz as the train approaches and a frequency
of 184 Hz as it leaves.If the speed of sound is taken to be 340m/s, find the speed of
the train and the frequency of its whistle.
7. A pipe 30cm long is open at both ends. Find the fundamental frequency. Velocity of
sou n d in air is 330 / m s–1.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Distinguish between transverse and longitudinal waves?
2. What is the phase difference between the incident and reflected waves when the wave
is reflected by a rigid boundary?
3. What is a stationaiy or standing wave?

Page No: 43
 ALPHORES
4. What do you understand by the terms ‘node’ and ‘antinode’?
5. What is the distance between a node and antinode in a stationary wave?
6. What is ‘Doppler effect’? Give an example.
7. What is the phase difference between incident and reflected waves at
a) an open end and b) closed end?
8. What happens to the fundamental frequency of a stretched string when its linear
density becomes 1/4th of its initial value?
9. What is End correction in resonating air column?

RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :

1. (a) Define Snell’s Law. Using a neat labelled diagram derive an expression for the
refractive index of the materia] of an equilateral prism?
(b) A ray of light, after passing through a medium, meets the surface separating the
medium from air at an angle of 450 and is just not refracted. What is the refractive
index of the medium?
2. Draw a neat labelled diagram of a compound microscope and explain its working.
Derive an expression for its magnification?
3. Obtain an expression for the combined focal length for two thin convex lenses kept in
contact and hence obtain an expression for the combined power of the combination
of the lenses?
4. (a)Using a neat labelled diagram derive the mirror equation. Define linear
magnification?
(b) An object is placed at 5 cm. from a convex lens of focal length 15cm. What is the
position and nature of the image?
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Define critical angle. Explain total internal reflection using a neat diagram?
2. Explain the formation of a rainbow?
3. Explain the formation of a mirage?
4. Why does the setting sun appear red?
5. With a neat labelled diagram explain the formation of image in a simple microscope?
6. Explain the cartesian sign convention for mirrors?
7. Define focal length of a concave mirror. Prove that the radius of curvature of a concave
mirror is double its focal length?
PROBLEMS :
1. A concave mirror of focal length 10 cm is placed at a distance 3 5 cm from a wall.
How far from the wall should an object be placed so that its real image is formed on
the wall?
2. A concave mirror produces an image of a long vertical pin, placed 40 cm from the
mirror, at the position of the object. Find the focal length of the mirror.
3. The focal length of a concave lens is 30cm. Where should an object be placed sothat
its image is of its size?
4. A light wave of frequency 4x1014 Hz and a wavelength of 5X10–7 m passes through a
medium. Estimate the refractive index of the medium.
5. Two lenses ofpower -1.75D and +2.25D respectively, are placed in contact. Calculate
the focal length of the combination.
6. A double convex lens of focal length 15 cm is used as a magnifying glass in order to
produce an erect image which is 3 times magnified. What is the distance between the
object and the lens?

Page No: 44
 ALPHORES
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Define ‘power’ of a convex lens. What is its unit? (May - 16)
2. What is dispersion? Which colour gets relatively more dispersed?
3. What is myopia? How can it be corrected?
4. What is hypermetropia? How can it be corrected?
5. Define focal length and radius of curvature of a concave lens.
6. What is optical density and how is it different from mass density?
7. What are the laws of reflection through curved mirrors?
8. A sm all angled prism of 40 deviates a ray through 2.48° . Find the refractive index
ofthe prism.

WAVE OPTICS
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. Describe Young’s experiment for observing interference and hence derive the expression
for ‘fringe width’?
2. Distinguish between Coherent and Incoherent addition of waves. Develope the theory
of constructive and destructive interferences?
3. What is diffraction ? Discuss diffraction pattern obtainable from a single slit?
 4. What is resolving power of optical instruments ? Derive the condition under which
images are resolved?
 5. What is Huygens principle ? Explain the optical phenomenon of refraction using
Huygens principle?
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Explain Doppler effect in light. Distinguish between red shift and blue shift?
2. Derive the expressionfor the intensity at a point where interference oflight occurs.
Arrive at conditions for maximum and zero intensity.
3. Discuss the intensity of transmitted light when a polaroid sheet is rotated between
two crossed polaroids?
4. Does the principle of conservation of energy hold for interference and diffraction
phenomena? Explain briefly?
5. How do you determine the resolving power of your eye?
6. What is total internal reflection. Explain the phenomenon using Huygens principle?
 7. Explain polarisation oflight by reflection and arrive at Brewster’s law from it.
PROBLEMS :
1. Two slits are made one millimeter apart and the screen is placed one meter away.
What is the fringe seperation when blue - green light of wave length 500nm is used ?
2. What should the width of each slit to obtain 10 maxima ofthe double slit pattern
within the central maximum of the single slit pattern ?
3. In a Young’s double slit experiment, the slits are separated by 0.28 mm and the
screen is placed 1.4m away. The distance between the central bright fringle and the
fourth bright fringle is measured to be 1.2cm. Determine the wave length oflight used
in the experiment?
4. What is the Brewster angle for air to glass transition ? ( Refractive index of
glass =1.5)
5. Estimate the distance for which ray optics is good approximation for an aperture of
4mm and wavelength 400nm.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What is Malus law?
2. Explain Brewster’s law?

Page No: 45
 ALPHORES
3. What is polarisation oflight?
4. What is Fresnel distance?
5. Give the justification for validity ofray optics?
6. When does a monochromatic beam of light incident ona reflective surface get completely
transmitted?

ELECTRIC CHARGES & FIELDS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :

1. Applying Gauss’s law derive the expression for electric intensity due to a charged
conducting spherical shell at
i) a point outside the shell ii) a point on the surface ofthe shell and
iii) a point inside the shell.
 2. State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. Applying Gauss’s law derive the expression for
electric intensity due to an infinite plane sheet of charge.
 3. Define electric flux. Applying Gauss’s law and derive the expression for electric intensity
due to an infinite long straight charged wire. (Assume that the electric field is
everywhere radial and depends only on the radial distance r of the point from the
wire.)
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Derive an equation for the couple acting on a electric dipole in a uniform electric
field.
2. Derive an expression for the intensity of the electric field at a point on the equatorial
plane of an electric dipole.
3. Derive an expression for the intensity of electric field at a point on the axial line of a
dipole.
4. State and explain Coulomb’s inverse square law in electricity.
5. Define intensity of electric field at a point. Derive an expression for the intensity due
to a point charge.
 6. State Gauss’s law in electrostatics and its importance.
PROBLEMS :
1. An electric dipole with dipole moment 4 10−9 cm aligned at 30^ with the direction of
a uniform electric field of magnitude 5 104 NC−1 . Calculate the magnitude of the
torque acting on the dipole.
2. What is the force between two small charged spheres having charges of 2 10−7 C
placed 30cm apart in air?
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What is meant by the statement ‘charge is quantized’?
2. Repulsion is the sure test of electrification than attraction. Why?
3. How many electrons constitute 1C of charge.
4. What happens to the weight of a body when it is charged positively?
5. What happens to the force between two charges if the distance between them is
a) halved b) doubled
6. The electric lines of force do not intersect why?
7. Consider two charges +q and -q placed at B and C of an equilateral triangle ABC. For
this system, the total charge is zero. But the electric field (intensity) at A which is
equidistant from B and C is not zero. Why?
8. Electrostatic field lines of force do not form closed loops. If they form closed loops
then the work done in moving a charge along a closed path will not be zero. From the
above two statements can you guess the nature of electrostatic force?

Page No: 46
 ALPHORES
9. State Gauss’s law in electrostatics.
10. When will be the electric flux negative? and when is it Positive
11. Write the expression for electric intensity due to infinite long charged wire, at a radial
distance r from the wire.
12. Write the Expression for electric intensity due to an infinite plane sheet of charge.
13. Write the expression for electric intensity due to a charged conducting spherical shell
at points outside and inside the shell.

ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :

1. Explain series and parallel combination of capacitors Derive the formula for equivalant
capacitance in each combination
2. Derive an expression for the energy stored in a capacitor what is the energy stored
when the space between the plates is filled with a dielectric
(a) with charging battery disconnected
(b) with charging battery connected, in the circuit.
3. Define electric potential. Derive an expression for the electric potential due to an
electric dipole and hence the electric potential at a point
(a) on the axial line of electric dipole
(b) on the equatorial line of electric dipole
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Derive an expression for the capacitance ofaparallel plate capacitor
2. Derive an expression for the electric potential due to point charge.
3. Derive expression for the potential energy of an electric dipole placed in a uniform
electric field.
 4. Explain behaviour of dieletrics in an electric field
 5. Derive an expression for the electrostatic potential energy ofa system of two point
charges and find its relation with electric potential of a charge.
PROBLEMS :
1. In a hydrogen atom the electron and proton are at a distance of 0.5A° The dipole
moment of the system is
2. Three capacitors each of capacitance 9pF are connected in series.
(a) What is the total capacitance of the combination?
(b) What is the potential difference across each capacitor if the combination is
connected to a 120V supply?
3. Three capacitors of capacitances 2pF, 3pF and 4pF are connected in parallel
(a) What is the total capacitance of the combination?
(b) Determine the charge on each capacitor if the combination is connected to a 100V
supply.
4. In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates, each plate has an area of
6 10−3 m2 and the distance between the plates is 3mm. Calculate the capacitance of
the capacitor. If this capacitor is connected to a 100 V supply, what is the charge on
each plate of the capacitor?
5. A 12pF capacitor is connected to a 50V battery. How much electrostatic energy is
stored in the capacitor?
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Can there be electric potential at a point with zero electric intensity?give an example.
2. Can there be electric intensity at a point with zero electric potentiative an example.
3. What are meant by equipotential surfaces?

Page No: 47
 ALPHORES
4. Why is the electric field always at right angles to the equipotential surface? Explain
5. Three capacitors of capacitances 1F,2F and 3F are connected in parallel
(a) what is the ratio of charges? (b) What is the ratio of potential differences?
6. Three capacitors of capacitances 1F,2F and 3F are connected in series
a) what is the ratio of charge b) what is the ratio ofpotential differences?
7. What happens to the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor if the area of its plates
is doubled.
8. The dielectric strength of air is 3 x 10 6 VI m at certain pressure, a parallel plate
capacitor with air in between the plates has a plate separation of 1 cm. Can you
charge the capacitor to 3 x 106 V.

CURRENT ELECTRICITY
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
 1. In a house, three bulbs of 100W each are lighted for 4 hours daily and six tube lights
of 20W each are lighted for 5 hours daily and a refrigerator of400W is working for 10
hours daily for a month of 3 0 days. Calculate the electricity bill, if the cost of one
unit is Rs. 14/-.
 2. Three resistors of 4 ohms, 6 ohms and 12 ohms are connected in parallel. The
combination of above resistors is connected in series to a resistace 2 ohms and then
to a battery of 6volts. Draw a circuit diagram and calculate
(a) Current in main circuit
(b) Current flowing through each of the resistors in parallel
(c) P.D. and the power used by the 2 ohm resistor.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. State Kirchhoff’s laws for electrical network. Using these laws deduce the condition
for balancing in a Wheatstone bridge.
2. State the working principle of potentiometer explain with the help of circuit diagram
how the potentiometer is used to determine the internal resistance of the given primary
cell.
3. State the working principle of potentiometer explain with the help of circuit diagram.
How the emf of two primary cells are compared by using the potentiometer.
4. Derive an expression for the effective resistance when three resistors are connected
in (i) series (ii) parallel.
 5. ‘m’cells each of emf ‘E’and internal resistance ‘r’ are connected in parallel. What is
the total emf and internal resistance? Under what conditions in the current drawn
from mixed groping of cells a maximum?
 6. Two cells of emf 4.5 v and 6.0 v and internal resistance 6  and 3  respectively have
their negative terminals joined by a wire of 18  and positive terminals by a wire of
12 Q resistance and third resistance wire of 24  connects middle points of these
wires using kirchhoff’s laws find the potential differences at the ends of this third
resistance wire.
 7. Three resistors each of resistance 10 ohm are connected in turn to obtain
(i) Minimum resistance
(ii) Maximum resistance
Compute:
(a) The effective resistance in each case
(b) the ratio of minimum to maximum resistance so obtained
 8. Three identical resistors are connected in parallel and the total resistance of the
R
circuit is .
3

Page No: 48
 ALPHORES
Find the value of each resistance.

 9. A battery of emf 10 V and internal resistance 3Q, is connected to a resistor ‘R’.

(i) If the current in the circuit is 0.5 A. calculate the value of ‘R’?
(ii) What is the terminal voltage of the battery when the circuit is closed.
PROBLEMS :
1. A wire of resistance 4R is bent in the form of a circle. What is the effective resistance
between the ends ofthe diameter?
2. In a potentiometer arrangement, a cell of emf 1.2 5 V gives a balance point 3 5.0 cm
length of the wire. If the cell is replaced by another cell and the balance point shifts
to 63.0 cm, what is the emf ofthe second cell?
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Define mean free path of electron in a conductor.
2. State Ohm’s law and write its mathematical form.
3. Define resistivity or specific resistance.
4. Define temperature coefficient of resistance.
5. Under what conditions is the current through the mixed grouping of cells maximum?
6. Why is manganin used for making standard resistors?
7. The sequence of bands marked on a carbon resistor are: Red, Red, Red, Silver. What
is its resis-tance and tolerance?
8. Write the colour code of a carbon resistor of resistance 23 kilo ohms.
9. If the voltage V applied across a conductor is increased to 2 V, how will the drift
velocity of the electrons change?
10. Why are household appliances connected in parallel?

MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :

1. Obtain an expression for the torque on a current carrying loop placed in a uniform
magnetic field. Describe the construction and working of a moving coil galvanometer.
2. Deduce an expression for the force on a current carrying conductor placed in a
magnetic field.
Derive an expression for the force per unit length between two parallel current carrying
conductors.
3. How can a galvanometer be converted to an ammeter? Why is the parallel resistance
smaller than the galvanometer resistance?
4. How can a galvanometer be converted to a voltmeter? Why is the series resistance
greater than the galvanometer resistance?
5. Derive an expression for the force acting between two parallel current carrying
conductors and hence define the Ampere.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. State and explain Biot-Savart law.
2. State and explain Ampere’s law.
3. Derive an expression for the magnetic induction at the centre ofa current carrying
ciruclar coilusing Biot-Savart law?
4. What are the basic components of cyclotron? Mention its uses?
5. Find the magnetic induction intensity B due to a long current carrying conductor?
6. Obtain an expression for the magnetic dipole moment of a current loop?
7. Derive an expression for the magnetic dipole moment ofa revolving electron?

Page No: 49
 ALPHORES

8. Explain how crossed E and B fields serve as a velocity selector?

PROBLEMS :
1. A square coil of side 10 cm consists of 20 turns and carries a current of 12 A. The coil
is suspended vertically and the normal to the plane of the coil makes an angle of 3 0°
with the direction of a uniform horizontal magnetic field of magnitude 0.80 T. What is
the magnitude of torque experienced by the coil?
2. What is the magnitude of magnetic force per unit length on a wire carrying a current
of 8A and making an angle of 30° with the direction of a uniform magnetic field of
0.15T?
3. A moving coil galvanometer can measure a current of 10–6 A. What is the resistance
of the shunt required if it is to measure 1A ?
4. The resistance of MCG is 5  . The maximum current it can measure is 0.015 A .
How would you convert it into voltmeter to measure 1.5 volts ?
5. Two long and parallel straight wires Aand B carrying currents of 8.0Aand 5.0Ainthe
same direction are separated by a distance of 4.0cm. Estimate the force on a 10cm
section of wire A.
6. Acircular coil of wire consisting of 100 turns, each of radius 8.0cm carries a current
of 0.40 A. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field B at the centre of the coil?
7. A long straight wire carries a current of 35 A. What is the magnitude of the field B at
a point 20cm from the wire?
8. A current of 10A passes through two very long wires held parallel to each other and
separated by a distance of 1 m. What is the force per unit length between them?
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What is the importance of Oersted’s experiment?
2. State Ampere’s law and Biot-savart’s law.
3. A circular coil of radius ‘r’ having ‘N’ turns carries a current V. What is its magnetic
moment?
4. What is the force on a charged particle of charge ‘q’ moving with a velocity ‘V’ in a
uniform magnetic field of induction B? When does it become maximum?
5. What is the force on a conductor of length ‘L’ carrying current ‘i’ placed in a magnetic
field of induction B? When does it become maximum?
6. Distinguish between ammeter and voltmeter?
7. What is the principle of a moving coil galvanometer?
8. What is the smallest value of current that can be meausred with a moving coil
galvanometer?
9. How do you convert a moving coil galvanometer into an ammeter?
10. How do you convert a moving coil galvanometer into a voltmeter?
11. What is the relation between the permittivity of free space  0, the permeability of free
space 0 and the speed of light in vacuum?

MAGNETISM AND MATTER

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :

1. Derive an expression for the magnetic field at a point on the axis of a current carrying
circular loop.
2. Obtain Gauss law for magnetism and explain it.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Derive an expression for the axial field of a solenoid of radius “r”, containing “n”
turns per unit length and carrying current “i”.
2. How do you distinguish Dia, Para and Ferromagnetisms in matter?
3. Define retentivity and coercivity. Draw the hysteresis curve for soft iron and steel.
What do you infer from these curves?
Page No: 50
 ALPHORES

 4. If B is the magnetic field produced at the centre of a circular coil of one turn of length
‘L’ carrying current I then what is the magnetic field at the centre of the same coil
which is made into 10 turns?
PROBLEMS :
1. A bar magnet of length 0. lm and with a magnetic moment of 5 Am2 is placed in a
uniform magnetic field of intensity 0.4T with its axis making an angle of 60° with the
field. What is the torque on the magnet?
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Define magnetic declination.
2. Classifythe following materials with regard to magnetism:
i) Manganese, ii) Cobalt, iii)Nickel
iv) Bismuth, v) Oxygen, vi) Copper
3. What are the units of Magnetic moment,Magnetic induction and Magnetic field?.
4. Define magnetic inclination (or) angle of dip.
5. Magnetic lines of force form continuous closed loops. Why?
6. What do you understand by the “magnetization” of a sample?
7. Define Magnetic susceptibility? Mention its unit.

ELECTRO MAGNETIC INDUCTION

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :

 1. Describe the working of a AC generator with the aid of a simple diagram and necessary
expressions.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Obtain an expression for the emf induced across a conductor which is moved in a
uniform magnetic field which is perpendicular to the plane of motion.
2. Obtain an expression for the mutual inductance of two long co-axial solenoids.

3. Obtain an expression for the magnetic energy stored in a solenoid in terms of the
magnetic field, area and length of the solenoid.
4. Describe the ways in which Eddy currents are used to advantage.
PROBLEMS :
1. The current in a circuit falls from 5 A to 0A in 0.1 s. If an average emf of200V is
induced give an estimate of the self inductance of the circuit.
2. The current in a coil changes from 5 Amp to 10 Amp. in 10 –2 sec then an emf of
50 milli volts is induced in a coil near it. Calculate the mutual inductance of coil.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What did the experiments of Faraday and Henry show? Define magnetic flux.
2. State Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction. State Lenz’s law. Define inductance.
3. What do you understand by ‘self inductance’ ?

ALTERNATING CURRENT
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. Obtain an expression for impedance and current in series LCR circuit. Deduce an
expression for the resonating frequency of an LCR series resonating circuit ?
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. State the principle on which a transformer works. Describe the working ofa transformer
with necessary theory.
2. Obtain an expression for the current through an inductor when an a.c. emf is applied?
3. Obtain an expression for the current in a capacitor when an a.c. emf is applied ?

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 ALPHORES
PROBLEMS :
1. A 100  resistor is connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz ac supply.
a) What is the rms value of current in the circuit ?
b) What is the net power consumed over a full cycle ?
2. A44 mH inductor is connected to 220 V, 50 Hz ac supply. Determine the rms value of
the current in the circuit.
3. A 60  J. F capacitor is connected to a 110 V, 60 Hz ac supply. Determine the rms
value of the current in the circuit.
4. A series LCR circuit with R=20  ,L=1.5 H and C =35  F is connected to a variable
frequency 200 V ac supply, when the frequency of the supply equals the natural
frequency of the circuit, what is the average power transferred to the circuit in one
complete cycle ?
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What is the phenomenon involved in the working of a transformer ?
2. What is meant by wattless component of current ?
3. What type of transformer is used in a 6 V bed lamp ?
4. What is transformer ratio ?
5. What is the phase difference between AC emf and current in the following: Pure
resistor, pure inductor and pure capacitor.
6. Define power factor. On which factors does power factor depends ?
7. What is the phase difference between voltage and current when the power factor in
LCR series circuit is unity?
8. A transformer converts 200V ac into 2000V ac. Calculate the number of turns in the
secondary if the primary has 10 turns .
9. When does a LCR series circuit have minimum impedance ?

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. What is Green house effect and its contribution towards the surface temperature of
earth ?
 2. What does an electromagnetic wave consists of? On what factors does its velocity in
vacuum depends ?
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. If the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation is doubled what happens to the energy
of photon?
2. What is the principle of production of electromagnetic waves ?
3. What is the ratio of speed of infrared rays and ultraviolet rays in vacuum ?
4. What is the relation between the amplitudes of the electric and magnetic fields in free
space for an electromagnetic wave ?
5. Micro waves are used in Radars why ?
6. Give two uses of infrared rays ?
7. The charging current for a capacitor is 0.6A. What is the displacement current across
its plates?
8. What are the applications of micro waves?
9. How are Microwaves produced?

DUAL NATURE OF RADIATION AND MATTER

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. How Einstein’s photoelectric equation account for the effect of frequency of incident
light on stopping potential. Explain the effect of intensity and potential on photoelectric
current?

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 ALPHORES
 2. Describe the Davisson and Germer experiment, What did this experiment conclusively
prove ?
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. What is the effect of (i) Intensity oflight (ii) potential on photoelectric current ?
2. Describe an experiment to study the effect of frequency of incident radiation on
“Stopping potential” ?
3. Summarise the photon picture of electromagnetic radiation.
 4. What is the debroglie wavelength of a ball of mass 0.12 kg moving with a speed of
20ms–1 ? What can we infer from this result ?
PROBLEMS
1. Find the a) Maximum frequency, and
b) Minimum wavelength of X-rays produced by 30 kV electrons.
2. The work function of Caesium metal is 2.14 eV. When light of frequency 6x1014Hz is
incident on the metal surface, photoemission of electrons occurs, what is the
a) Maximum kinetic energy ofthe emitted electrons.
b) Stopping potential, and
c) Maximum speed ofthe emitted photoelectrons ?
3. The photoelectric cut-off voltage in a certain experiment is 1.5 V. What is the maximum
kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted ?
4. What is the
a) momentum b) speed, and
c) de-Broglie wavelength of an electron with kinetic energy of 120 eV.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What are” cathode rays” ?
2. What important fact did Millikan’s experiment establish ?
3. What is “Work function” ?
4. What is “Photo electric effect” ?
5. Give examples of “Photosensitive substances” why they are called so ?
6. Write down Einstein’s photo electric equation.
7. Write down deBroglie’s relation and explain the terms there in.
8. State Heisenberg’s Uncertainty principle ?
9. An electron, an a particle and a proton have the same kinetic energy. Which of these
particles has the shortest de Broglie wavelength?
10. How is the de-Broglie wavelength associated with an electron accelerated through a
potential difference of 100 volts?

ATOMS
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. State the basic postulatesof Bohr’stheory ofatomic spectra. Hence obtain an expression
forthe radius of orbit and the energy of orbital electron in a hydrogen atom.
2. Discuss Bohr’s theory of spectrum of hydrogen atom.
3. Describe Geiger - Marsden experiment on scattering of a particle. How is the size
ofthe nucleus estimated in this experiment?
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. What is impact parameter and angle of scattering? How are they related to each
other.
2. Explain the distance of closest approach and impact parameter.
3. What are the limitations of Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom?
4. Explain the different types of spectral series.
5. Describe Rutherford atom model. What are the drawbacks of this model?
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 ALPHORES
6. Derive an expression for potetial and kinetic energy of an electron in any orbit ofa
hydrogen atom according to Bohr’s atomic model.
PROBLEMS :
1. The radius ofthe first electron orbit of hydrogen atom is 5.3x10 -11m. What is the
radius of the second orbit.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What is the Angularmomentum of electron in the second orbit of Bohr’s model
ofhydrogen atom?
2. What is the expression for fine structure constant and what is its value?
3. What is the physical meaning of ‘negative energy of an electron’?
4. Sharp lines are present in the spectrum of a gas. What does this indicate?
5. What is the difference between a - particle and helium atom?
6. Among alpha, beta, gamma radiations, which get affected by the electric field?
7. What do you understand by the phrase ‘ground state atom’? The lyman series
ofhydrogen spectrum lies in the U V region. Why?

NUCLEI
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. Explain the principle and working of a nuclear reactor with the help of a labelled
diagram.
2. What is radioactivity? State the law of radioactive decay. Show that radioactive decay
is exponential in nature.
3. Define mass defect and binding energy.How does binding energy per nucleon vary
with mass number? What is its significance?
4. Explain the source of stellar energy. Explain the carbon-nitrogen cycle, proton-proton
cycle occuring in stars.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Write a short note on the discovery of neutron.
2. Distinguish between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
3. Define half life period and decay constant for a radioactive substance.Deduce the
relation between them.
4. Define average life of a radioactive substance. Obtain the relation between decay
constant and average life.
5. What are the properties of a neutron?
6. What are nuclear forces? Write their properties.

7. What is nuclear fission? Give an example to illustrate it.

8. What is nuclear fusion? Write the conditions for nuclear fusion to occur.
 9. Explain  – decay and  – decay.
PROBLEM
1. Find the bonding energy of 56
Fe . Atomic mass of Fe is 55 .9349u and that of Hydrogen
26

is 1.00783u and mass of neutron is 1 .00876u.

2. Calculate the binding energy of an  - particle. Given that the mass of
proton=1 .0073u, mass of neutron =1 .0087u and mass of  – particle = 4.0015u.
3. The half life of radium is 1600 years. How much time does 1 gofradium take to
reduce to 0.125g.
4. The half-life period of a radioactive substance is 20 days. What is the time taken for
7/8 of its original mass to disintegrate?

Page No: 54
 ALPHORES
235
5. If one microgram of 92 U is completely destroyed in an atom bomb, how much energy
will be released?
6. How much 235U is consumed in a day in an atomic power house operating at
400 MW, provided the whole of mass 235U is converted into energy?
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What are isotopes and isobars?
2. What are isotones and isomers?
3. What is a. m.u? What is its equivalent energy?
4. What will be the ratio ofthe radii of two nuclei of mass numbers A, and A,?
5. What are the units and dimensions ofthe disintegration constant?
6. Neutrons are the best projectiles to produce nuclear reactions. Why?
7. Neutrons cannot produce ionization. Why?
8. What are thermal neutrons? What is their importance?
9. What is the value of neutron multiplication factor in a controlled reaction and in an
uncontrolled chain reaction?
10. What is the role of controlling rods in a nuclear reactor?
11. Define Becquerel and Curie.
12. What is a chain reaction?
13. What is the function of moderator in a nuclear reactor?
14. What is the energy released in the fusion of four protons to form a helium nucleus?

SEMI CONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :

1. What is rectifier? Explain the working of half wave and full wave rectifiers with diagrams
2. What is Zener diode? Explain how it is used as voltage regulator?
3. Describe a transistor and explain its working.
4. Sketch a basic AND circuit with two diodes and explain its operation Explain how
doping increases the conductivity in semiconductors ?
5. What is Junction diode? Explain the formation of depletion region at the
junctionExplain the variation of depletion region in farward and reverse biased
condition.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Describe how a semi conductor diode is used as a half wave rectifier.
2. What is rectification? Explain the working ofa full wave rectifier.
3. Explain how transistor can be used as a switch?
4. What are n-type and p-type semiconductors? How is a semiconductor junction formed?
5. Distinguish between zener breakdown and avalanche breakdown.
6. What is a photodiode? Explain its working with a circuit diagram and draw its I-V
characteristics.
7. Explain the working of LED and what are its advantages over conventional
incandescent low power lamps.
8. Explain the working of a solar cell and draw its I-V characteristics.
9. Explain how transistor can be used as an oscillator ?
10. Define NAND and NOR gates. Give their truth tables.
11. Explain the operation of a NOT gate and give its truth table.
12. Explain the different transistor configurations with diagrams.
13. Distinguish between half-wave and full-wave rectifiers.
 14. Discuss the behaviour of p-n junctiion. How does a potential barrier develope at the
junction?
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 ALPHORES
 15. Draw and explain the current-voltage (I-V) characteritistic curves of a junction diode
in forward and reverse bias.
PROBLEM
1. In a half wave rectifier, a p-n junction diode with internal resistance 20 ohm is used.
If the load resistance of 2Kohms is used in the circuit, then find the efficiency of this
half wave rectifier.
2. A full wave p-n junction diode rectifier uses a load resistance of 1300 ohm. The
internal resistance of each diode is 9 ohm. Find the efficiency of this full wave rectifier.
3. Calculate the current amplification factor p (beta) when change in collector current is
1mA and change in base current is 20  A.
4. For a transistor amplifier, the collector load resistance 2K ohm and the input resistance
Ri = 1K ohm. If the current gain is 50, calculate voltage gain of the amplifier.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
I. What is ann-type semiconductor? What are the majority and minority charge carriers
in it?
2. What are intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors?
3. What is a p-type semiconductor? What are the majority and minority charge carriers
in it?
4. What is a p-n junction diode? Define depletion layer.
5. How is a battery connected to a junction diode in (i) forward and (ii) reverse bias?
6. What is the maximum percentage of rectification in half wave and full wave rectifiers?
7. What is Zener voltage ( Vz) and how will a Zener diode be connected in circuits generally?
8. Write the expressions for the efficiency of a full wave rectifier and a half wave rectifier.
9. What happens to the width of the depletion layer in a p-n junction diode when it is in
(i) forward-biased and (ii) reverse biased?
10. Draw the circuit symbols for p-n-p and n-p-n transistors
11. Define amplifier and amplification factor.
12. In which bias can a Zener diode be used as voltage regulator?
13. Which gates are called universal gates ?
14. Write the truth table of NAND gate. How does it differ from AND gate?

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

1. What are the basic blocks of communication system?

2. What is sky wave propagation?
3. Define modulation. Why is it necessary?
4. What is “World Wide Web” (WWW)?
5. Mention the frequency range of speech signals.
6. Mention the various parts of the ionosphere?
7. Mention the basic methods of modulation
8. Which type of communication is employed in Mobile Phones?
9. Define modulation. Mention the basic methods of modulation.

**
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 ALPHORES

CHEMISTRY
BLUE PRINT
S.
NAME OF UNIT / CHAPTER MARKS VSAQ SAQ LAQ
NO
1 SOLID STATE 4 2 (OR) 1 -
2 SOLUTIONS 6 1 1 -
A) ELECTRO CHEMISTRY
3 10 1 - 1
B) CHEMICAL KINETICS
4 SURFACE CHEMISTRY 4 2 (OR) 1 -
5 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF METALLURGY 6 1 1 -
6 p - BLOCK ELEMENTS 12 2 - 1
7 d & f - BLOCK ELEMENTS 6 1 1 -
8 POLYMERS 4 2 (OR) 1 -
9 BIOMOLECULES 4 2 (OR) 1 -
CHEMISTRY IN EVERDAY LIFE
10 4 2 (OR) 1 -
A) HALOALKANES AND HALOARENES
B) ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CONTAINING G,H & O
11 16 2 1 1
C) ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
CONTAINING NITROGEN
Total 76 10 8 3

QUESTIONS BANK ANALYSIS

S. LAQ SAQ
TOPIC VSAQ TOTAL
NO. ⯁⯁⯁ ⯁⯁ ⯁ ⯁⯁⯁ ⯁⯁ ⯁
1 SOLID STATE - - - 3 5 2 16 26
2 SOLUTIONS - - - 9 3 6 20 38
3 ELECTRO CHEMISTRY 2 - - 3 6 3 20 34
4 CHEMICAL KINETICS 2 1 - 3 6 7 21 40
5 SURFACE CHEMISTRY - - - 6 3 1 20 30
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF
6 - - - 4 1 4 13 22
METALLURGY
7 p - BLOCK ELEMENTS 4 2 - 13 11 - 67 97
8 d & f - BLOCK ELEMENTS - - - 5 6 5 31 47
9 POLYMERS - - - - - - 24 24
10 BIOMOLECULES - - - 4 3 3 25 35
11 CHEMISTRY IN EVERDAY LIFE - - - - - - 18 18
HALOALKANES AND
12 4 4 - 4 1 2 14 29
HALOARENES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
13 6 - 1 4 8 - 12 31
CONTAINING C,H & O
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
14 3 - - 2 4 4 8 21
CONTAINING NITROGEN
SUB TOTAL 21 7 1 60 57 37
309 492
GRAND TOTAL 29 154

Page No: 57
 ALPHORES

SOLID STATE
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :

1. DeriveBragg’s equation.

2. Describe the two main types of semiconductors and contrast their conduction
mechanism

3. Classify each of the following as either a p-type or a n-type semiconductor,

(i) Ge doped with In(ii) Si doped with B.

4. Explain why ionic solids are hard and brittle.

5. In terms of band theory, what is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?
6. In terms of band theory, what is the difference between a conductor and a
semiconductor?
7. A cubic solid is made of two elements P and Q. Atoms of Q are at the corners of the
cube and P at the body-centre. What is the formula of the compound? What are the
coordination num bers of P and Q?
8. If the radius ofthe octahedral void is ‘r’ and radius ofthe atoms in close packing is ‘R’
derive relation between r and R.
 9. Calculate the efficiency of packing in case of a metal of body-centered cubic crystal?
 10. Aluminum crystallizes in a cubic close packed structure. Its metallic radius is 125pm.
(i) what is the length of the side of the unit cell. [Ans: 354 pm]
(ii) How many unit cells are there in 1.00cm3 of aluminum?
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. How do you distinguish between crystal lattice and unit cell?
2. What is Schottky defect?
3. What is Frenkel defect?
4. Stability of a crystal is reflected in the magnitude of its melting point.Comment.
5. What makes a glass different from quartz?
6. How many lattice points are there in one unit cell of face-centered cubic lattice?
7. How many lattice points are there in one unit cell of face-centered tetragonal lattice?
8. How many lattice points are there in one unit cell of body centered cubic lattice?
9. Explain Ferromagnetism with suitable example.
10. Explain Paramagnetism with suitable example.
11. Explain Antiferromagnetism with suitable example.
12. What are f-centres ?
13. What is co-ordination number?
14. What is the colour of LiCl crystal in excess of lithium?
15. Give an example which shows both schottky defect and frenkel defect?
16. What is metal deficiency defect? Give example?

SOLUTIONS
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Define mole fraction. A solution of sucrose in water is labelled as 20% w/w. What
would be the mole fraction ofeach component in the solution?
2. What is meant by positive deviations from Raoult’s law and how is the sign of mix H
related to positive deviation from Raoult’s law?

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 ALPHORES

3. What is meant by negative deviation from Raoult’s law and how is the sign of mix H
related to negative deviation from Raoult’s law?
4. What is relative lowering of vapour pressure? How is it useful to determine the molar
mass of solute?
5. State Raoult’s law. Vapour pressure of water at 293K is l7.535mm.Hg Calculate the
vapour pressure ofthe solution at 293K when 25 g of gulcose is dissolved in 450g of
water.
6. State Raoult’s law. calculate the vapour pressure of a solution containing 9g of glucose
in 162 g of water at 293K. The vapour pressure of water at 293K is l7.5 35 mmHg.
7. What is an ideal solution? Give sutable exmaples.
8. Calculate the mass of non-volatile solute (molar mass 40 g mol –l) which should be
dissolved in 114g Octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 80%
9. Define molality (m). Calculate molality (m) of 10 gm of Glucose ( C6H12O6) in 90 gm of
Water.
10. How is molar mass-related to the elevation in boiling point of a solution. .«j
11. How is mo lar mass related to the depression in freezing point of a solution?
12. A solution of glucose in water is labeled as 10% W/ W . What would be the molarity
of the solution?
 13. Define mass percentage, volume percentage and mass to volume percentage solutions.
 14. Concentrated nitric acid used in the laboratory work is 68% nitric acid by mass in
aqueous solution. What should be the molarity of such a sample of the acid if the
density of the solution is 1.504gmL –1.
 15. A solution is obtained by mixing 300g of 25% solution and 400g of 40% solution by
mass. Calculate the mass percentage ofthe resulting solution.
 16. 45g of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) is mixed with 600 g of water. Calculate
(a) the freezing point depression and (b) the freezing point of the solution.
 17. 1.00g ofa non-electrolyte solute dissolved in 50 g ofbenzene lowered the freezing
point of benzene by 0.40 K. The freezing point depression constant of benzene is
5.12 K kg mot1. Find the molar mass ofthe solute.
 18. 200 cm3 of an aqueous solution of a protein contains 1.26 g of the protein. The
osmotic pressure of such a solution at 300 K is found to be 2.57 x 10–3 bar. Calculate
the molar mass ofthe protein.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Define the term solution.
2. Define molarity.
3. Calculate the molarity of a solution containing 5gm of NaOH in 450ml solution?
Define molality.
5. Calculate the molality of 2.5gmofethanoicacid (CH3COOH) in 75gm ofbenzene.
6. Give an example of solid solution in which the solute is solid.
7. Define mole fraction.
8. Calculate the mole fracation of H2SO4 in a solution containing 98% H2SO4 by mass?
9. Define mass percentage of solution?
10. What is ppm of a solution?
11. What role do the molecular interactions play in solution of alcohol and water?
12. State Raoult’s law and give its two limitations ?
13. State Henry’s law.
14. Define osmotic pressure.
15. What are isotonic solutions? Give example.
16. What is Van’t HofFs factor ‘i’ and how is it related to ‘a’ in the case ofa binary electrolyte
17. What is relative lowering of vapour pressure?
18. What are colligative properties, Give examples.

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 ALPHORES
19. What is amalgam? Give example?
20. Define plasmolysis and Haemolysis?

ELECTROCHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL KINETICS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. (a) What is electro lysis?and State Faraday’s laws of electro lysis.
(b) Asolution of CuSO4 is electrolysed for 10 minutes with a current of 1.5 amperes.
What is the mass of copper deposited at the cathode?
2. (a) State and Explain Kohlrausch’s law of independent migration of ions.
(b)Give the applications of Kohlrausch’s law of independent migration of ions.
3. Give a detailed account of the collsion theory of reaction rates of bimolecular gaseous
reactions.
4. What is rate of reaction ? Explain the effect of temperature and effect of catalyst on
rate of reaction ?
5. Explain the following terms with suitable examples.
(a) average rate of a reaction (b) slow and fast reactions
(c) order of a reaction (d) molecularity of a reaction
(e) activation energy of a reaction.

ELECTRO CHEMISTRY
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Give the construction and working ofa standard hydrogen electrode with a neat
diagram.
2. What are galvanic cells? Explain the working ofa galvanic cell with a neat sketch
taking daniel eel as example.
3. State and explain Nernst equation with the help ofa metallic electrode and non metallic
electrode.
4. What are primary and secondary batteries? Give examples.
5. What is Metallic corrosion ? Explain it with respect to iron corrosion.
 6. What are fuel cells? How they are different from galvanic cells? Give the construction
of H2 – O2 fuel cell
 7. What are the products obtained at the cathode and the anode during the electrolysis
of the following when platinum electrodes are used in the electrolysis.
(a) Molten KC1 (b) Aq.CuSO4 (c) Ag.K2SO4 Solution
(d) Aq. AgNO3 Solution (e)Aq. NaCl

NUMERICAL PROBLEMS
1. A° for NaCl, HC1 and CH3COONa are 126.4,425.9 and 91.0 S cnfmoV respectively
calculate A° for CH3COOH .
2. Calculate the emf of cell at 25°C Cr/Cr+3 (0.1M)// Fe+2 (0.01M)/ Fe
Given that E0Cr 3+
= −0.74V and E0 +2
= −0.44V
/Cr Fe /Fe

3. Calculate the equilibrium constant of the reaction

Cu + 2Ag+ → Cu2+ + 2Ag given E0 = 0.46V
(s ) (aq ) aq (s ) (cell)

4. The standard emf of Daniell cell is 1.1V. Calculate the standard Gibbs energy for the
cell reaction Zn (s ) + cuaq
2+ → Zn2+ + Cu
(aq ) (s)
.

Calculate o for CaCl and MgSO (given  = 119, 0 = 76.3 )

0
 5.
m 2 4 Ca2+ Cl−

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 ALPHORES
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What is galvanic cell or a voltaic cell? Give one example.
2. What is standard hydrogen electrode ?
3. What is Nernst equation? Write the equation for an electrode with electrode reaction
Mn+ + ne−
(aq )
M (s)

4. How is Gibb’s energy (G) related to the cell emf (E) mathematically?
5. What is cell constant of a conductivity cell?
6. Define molar conductivity m and how is it related to conductivity (K)?
7. State Kohlrausch’s law of independent migration of ions.
8. State Faraday’s first law of electrolysis.
9. State Faraday’s second law of electrolysis.
10. What are the products obtained at the platinum anode and the platinum cathode
respectively in the electro ys is of fused or molten. NaCl ?
11. Give the products obtained at the platinum electrodes (cathode and anode) when
aqueous solution of K2SO4 is electrolysed.
12. What is a primary battery ? Give one example.
13. What is a fuel cell? How is it different from conventional galvanic cell?
14. Give the electrode reactions occuring at the anode and at the cathode in H2 – O2 fuel
cell ?
15. What is metallic corrosion? give one example
16. Write the cell reaction taking place in the cell Cu /Cu+2 // Ag+ / Ag
(s ) (aq ) aq (s )

17. Write the Nernst equation for the EMF ofthe cell Ni(S) / Ni (aq)//Ag+(aq)/ Ag
2+

18. Ho w is E°cell related mathematically to the equilibrium constant Kc of the cell reaction?
19. Give one example for a secondary battery. Give the cell reaction.
20. Define conductivity of a material. Give its SI units.

CHEMICAL KINETICS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :

1. Define and explain the order of a reaction. How is it obtained experimentally?
2. What is “molecularity” of a reaction? How is it different from the ‘order’ of a reaction?
Name one bimolecular and one trimolecular gaseous reactions.
3. What is half-life (t1/2) of a reaction? Derive the equations for the ‘half-life’ value of zero
and first order reactions.
4. What is Arrhenius equation? Derive an equation which describes the effect of rise of
temperature (T) on the rate constant (k) of a reaction.
5. Discuss the effect of catalyst on the kinetics of a chemical reaction with suitable
diagram
 6. Derive the integrated rate equation for a first order reaction.
 7. Explain the terms .
(a) Activation energy (Ea) (b) Collision frequency (Z)
(c) Probability factor (P) with respect to Arrhenius equation.

NUMERICAL PROBLEMS

1. A reaction is 50 % completed in 2hours and 75% completed in 4 hours. What is the
order of the reaction?
2. A reaction has a half life of 10 minutes. Calculate the rate constant for the first order
reaction.

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 ALPHORES
3. In a first order reaction, the concentration ofthe reactant is reduced from 0.6 mol/L
to 0.2mol/L in 5min. Calculate the rate constant.
4. Show that in the case of first order reaction, the time required for 99.9 % completion
of the reaction is 10 times that required for 50% completion. (log2 = 0.3010).
 5. For the reaction R → P , the concentration of a reactant changes from 0.03M to
0.02M in 25 minutes. Calculate the average rate of reaction using units in seconds.
 6. A first order reaction has a rate constant of 1.15 10−3 s−1 . How long will 5.0 g of this
reactant take to reduce to 3.0 g?
 7. From the rate expression for the following reactions determine their order of reaction
and the dimensions ofthe rate constants:
(i) 3NO(g) → N O(g) + NO (g),Rate = k[NO]2
2 2

−
(ii) H O (aq) + 3I− (aq) + 2H+ (aq) → 2H O(l) + I− ,Rate = k[H O ][I ]
2 2 2 3 2 2

(iii) CH CHO(g) → CH (g) + CO(g),Rate = k[CH CHO]3/2

3 4 3

 8. for a first order reaction, show that time required for 99% completion is twice the
time required for the completion of 90% of reaction.
 9. Identify the reaction order from each of the following rate constants.

(i) k = 2.3 10−5 L mol−1s−1 (ii) k = 3 10−4 s−1

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :

1. Define the speed or rate of a reaction?

2. What are the units of rate of reaction ?
3. What is rate law? Illustrate with an example.
4. Define order ofa reaction? Illustrate your answer with an example.
5. What are elementary reactions?
6. What are complex reactions? Give one example.
7. Give the units of rate constants for Zero, first order and second order reactions?
8. Define molecularity ofa reaction? Illustrate with an example.
9. Give two examples for zero order reactions?
10. Write the integrated equation for a first order reaction in terms of [R], [R]0 and ‘t’?
11 Give two examples for gaseous first order reactions?
12. What is half-life o f a reaction? Illustrate your answer with an example?
13. Write the equation relating the half-life (t1/ 2) of a reaction and the rate constant ‘k’ for
first order reaction?
14. Write the equation useful to calculate half-life (t1/2 ) values for zero and first order
reactions?
15. What are pseudo first order reactions? Give one example?
16. Write the Arrhenius equation forthe rate constant (k) ofa reaction?
17. Write the equation which relates the rate constants k1 and k2 at temperatures
T1 and T2 of a reaction?
18. What is the effect of temperature on the rate constant?
19. What is rate determining step in a complex reaction?
20. Define law of mass action?
21. What is positive catalyst?Give an example?

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 ALPHORES

SURFACE CHEMISTRY
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. What are different types of adsorption? Give any four differences between
characteristics of the different types.
2. What is an emulsion ? Explain the classification of emulsions with examples?
3. What is catalysis? How is catalysis classified? Give two examples for each.
4. What are micelles? Discuss the mechanism of micelle formation and cleaning action
of soap.
5. How are colloids classified on the basis of interaction between dispersed phase and
dispersion medium?
6. Name the dispersed phase and dispersion medium in the following colloidal systems
(i) fog (ii) smoke (iii) milk (iv) cloud (v) blood (vi) gold sol.
7. What is coagulation? Explain with suitable examples.
8. What are colloidal solutions? How are they classified? Give examples.
9. Explain the following terms
(a) Electrophoresis (b) coagulation (c) Tyndall effect
 10. What is an adsoprtion isotherm? Discuss the phenomenon of adsorption of gases on
solids with the help of Freundlich adsorption isotherm
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What is emulsifying agent? Give one example.
2. What is Gold number?
3. What is the general difference between soap and detergent chemically ?
4. What is auto catalysis? Give one example.
5. What is Tyndal effect?
6. What is Brownian movement?
7. What is protective colloid?
8. What is Hardy-Schulze’slaw?
9. What is adsorption ? Give two applications.
10. Why is adsorption always exothermic?
11. Define “promoters” and “poisons” in the phenamenon of catalysis.
12. Easily liquifiable gases are readily adsorbed on solids. Why?
13. Why zeolites are treated as shape selective catalysts?
14. What is critical mecelle concentration (CMC) and Kraft temperature (T )?
15. What is peptization and dialysis?
16. What is electrokinetic potential or zeta potential?
17. Sky appears blue in colour. Explain.
18. What is electro osmosis and electrophoresis?
19. Define flocculation value.
20. Define occlusion?

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF METALLURGY

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Giving examples to differentiate roasting and calcination.
2. Write down the chemical reactions taking place in different zones in the blast furnace
during the extraction of iron.

3. Outline the principles ofrefining ofmetals by the following methods.

a) Zone refining b) Electrolytic refining c) Poling d) Vapour phase refining

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 ALPHORES

4. Explain the purification of sulphide ore by froth floatation method.

5. How is copper extracted from copper pyrites?
 6. Write down the chemical reactions taking place in the extraction of zinc from zinc
blende.
 7. Explain electrometallury with an example.
 8. Explain briefly the extraction of aluminium from bauxite.
 9. Explain the process of leaching ofalumina from bauxite.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What is the role of depressant in froth floatation?
2. Name the common elements present in the anode mud in the eletrolytic refining of
copper.
3. What is the difference between a mineral and an ore ?
4. Give the composition of the following alloys.
a) Brass b) Bronze c) German silver
5. Explain the terms gangue and slag.
6. Write any two ores with formulae ofthe following metals:
a) Aluminium b)Zinc c)Iron d) Copper
7. What is matte ? Give its composition.
8. What is blister copper? Why is it so called ?
9. What is flux? Give an example.
10. Describe a method for the refining of nickel.
11. State the role of silica in the metallurgy of copper
12. What is the role of graphite rod in the electrometallurgy of aluminium?
13. What is the role of cryolite in the metallurgy of aluminium?

p - BLOCK ELEMENTS

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :

GROUP 15 ELEMENTS
1. How is ammonia manufactured by Haber’s process ? Explain the reactions of ammonia
with (a) ZnS04(aq) (b) CuS04(aq) (c)AgCl(s)
2. How is nitric acid manufactured by Ostwald’s process ? How does it react with the
following ?
(a) Copper (b)Zn (c) S8 (d)P4
GROUP 16 ELEMENTS
3. How is ozone prepared from oxygen ? Explain its reaction with
a)C2H4 b)KI c)Hg d)PbS e) Ag
4. Explain in detail the manufacture of sulphuric acid by contact process.
GROUP 17 ELEMENTS
5. How is chlorine prepared in the laboratory ? How does it react with the following ?
a) Iron b)NaOH c) Acidified FeSO4
d) Iodine e) H2S f) Na2S2O3
6. How is chlorine prepared by electrolytic method ? Explain it’s reaction with
(a) NaOH (b) NH3 under different conditions
(c) Nal (d) Slaked lime
GROUP 18 ELEMENTS
7. How are XeF2, XeF4and XeF6 prepared? Explain their reaction with water?
Discuss their structures

Page No: 64
 ALPHORES

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :

GROUP 15 ELEMENTS

1. What is allotropy ? Explain the different allotropic forms of phosphorus ?

2. How does PC15 react with the following ?

a) Zn + dil HNO3 → b) P4 + Conc.HNO3 → c) HgCl2 + PH3 →

GROUP 16 ELEMENTS
6. Write a short note on the allotropy of sulphur .
7. Which oxide of sulphur can act as both oxidizing and reducing agent ? Give one
example each
8. Explain the structures of SF4 and SF6
9. How does SO2 react with the following ?
a) Na2SO3(aq ) b) Cl2 c) Fe+3 ions d) KMnO4
10. Complet the following
a) KCl + H2SO4(conc) → b) sucrose ⎯⎯Con⎯c.H⎯SO⎯⎯→
2 4

c) Cu + H2SO4 (conc) → d) C + H2SO4 (conc) →

11. Describe the structures of SO−2 and SO
4 3

GROUP 17 ELEMENTS
12. How can you prepare Cl2 from HC1 and HC1 from Ci, ? Write the reactions ?
13. Explain the structures of (a) BrF5 (b) IF7 ?
14. Write balanced equations for the following ?
(a) NaCl is heated with cone H2SO4 in the presence of Mn02
(b) Chlorine is passed into a solution of NaI in water
15. What are interhalogen compounds ? Give some examples to illustrate the definition
how are they classified ?
16. Write the names and formulae of the oxoacids of chlorine explain their structures
and relative acidic nature
17. How is C1F3 prepared ? How does it react with water ? Explain it’s structure ?
18. Compare the bleaching action of Cl2 and SO2 .
19. Write a short note on hydrides of halogens ?
GROUP 18 ELEMENTS
20. How are XeF2and XeF4 are prepared ? Give their structures.
21. How are XeO3 and XeOF4 prepared? Give their structures.
22. Explain the structure of a) XeF6 b) XeOF4
23. Explain the reaction ofthe following with water
a) XeF2 b) XeF4 c) XeF6
24. Complete the following
a) XeF2 + H2O → b) XeF2 + PF5 →
c) XeF4 + SbF5 → d) XeF4 + AsF5 →
e) XeF4 + O2F2 → f) NaF + XeF6 →
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
GROUP 15 ELEMENTS
1. Why does the reactivity of nitrogen differ from phosphorus ?
2. Nitrogen exists as diatomic molecule and phosphorus as P4-why ?

Page No: 65
 ALPHORES
3. Nitrogen molecule is highly stable- why ?
4. Why are the compounds of bismuth more stable in +3 oxidation state ?
5. What is inert pair effect ?
6. Arrange the hydrides of group -15 elements in the decreasing order of basic strength
and increasing order of reducing character ?
7. What happens when white phosphorus is heated with cone. NaOH solution in an
inert atmosphere of CO 2 ?
8. NH3 forms hydrogen bonds but PH3 does not -why ?
9. How do calciumpho sphide and heavy water react ?
10. Ammonia is a good complexing agent explain with an example ?
11. A mixture of Ca3P2 and CaC2 is used in making Holme’s signal -explain ?
12. Which chemical compound is formed in the brown ring test of nitrate ions?
13. How is nitric oxide (NO) prepared ?
14. NO is paramagnetic in gaseous state but diamagnetic in liquid and solid states
why ?
15. PCI, can act as oxidizing as well as reducing agent-justify ?
16. Which of the following is more covalent- SbCl5 (or) SbCl, ?
17. Write the chemical reactions that occur in the manufacture of nitric acid ?
18. Iron becomes passive in cone. HNO, why ?
19. Give the uses of (a) Nitric acid (b) Ammonia?
20. Give the disproportionation reaction of H,P03 ?
21. Draw the structures of (a) Hypo phosphoric acid (b) cyclic meta phosphoric acid ?
22 Are all the five bonds in PCl5 molecule equivalent? Justify your answer.
23. What are the Neutral oxides of Nitrogen?
24. What is laughing gas? Why it is so called?
25. Give the disproportionation reaction of phosphorous acid?
GROUP 16 ELEMENTS
26. Why is dioxygen a gas but sulphur a solid?
27. What happens when
a) KClO, is heated with MnO2.
b) O3 is passed through KI solution
28. Give two examples each for amphoteric oxides and neutral oxides?
29. Why is H2O a liquid while H,S is a gas
30. HO is neutral while H,S is acidic - explain
31. Name the most abundant element present in earth’s crust.
32. Give the hybridization of sulphur in the following.
a) SO, b) SO, c) SF4 d) SF6
33. Write the names and formulae of any two oxyacids of sulphur. Indicate the oxidation
state of sulphur in them
33. Give one example each for
a) neutral oxide b) peroxide c) super oxide
34. What is tailing of mercury ? How is it removed ?
35. SO2 can be used as an anti-chlor. Explain
36. How does ozone react with ethylene ?
37. Out of O2 and O3, Which is paramagnetic ?
38. Write any two uses each for O3 and H2SO4.
39. Why are group - 16 elements called chalcogens ?
40. Draw the structures of Ss and S6 ?
GROUP 17 ELEMENTS
41. Which halogen produces O2 and O3 on passing through water?
42. What is the use of C1F3?
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 ALPHORES
43. Why are halogens coloured?
44. Write the reaction of “F2” and “Cl2” with water ?
45. With which neutral molecule, ClO– is isoelectronic ? is that molecule a lewis base ?
46. Electron gain enthalpy of fluorine( F2) is less than that of Clj-explain?
47. HF is a liquid while HC1 is a gas explain ?
48. Bond dissociation enthalpy of “F2” is less than that of “Cl2” -explain ?
49. Write two uses of hydrogen chloride ?
50. Chlorine acts as an oxidising agent-explain with two examples ?
51. What is Aqua regia ? Write it’s reaction with gold and platinum ?
52. How is chlorine manufactured by Deacon’s method ?
53. Chlorine acts as a bleaching agent only in the presence of moisture explain?
54. The decreasing order of acidic character among hypohalous acids is
GROUP 18 ELEMENTS
55. Why do noble gases have comparatively large atomic sizes?
56. List out the uses of Neon?
57. In modern diving apparatus, a mixture of He & O2 is used - Why?
58. Noble gases are inert. Explain?
59. Write the name & formula ofthe first noble gas compound prepared by Bertlett?
60. Explain the shape of XeF4 on the basis of VSEPR theory?
61. Why do noble gases form compounds with Fluorine and Oxygen only?
62. How is XeOF4 prepared ? Describe its molecular shape ?
63. Give any two uses of Helium?
64. Give any two uses of Argon?

d & f - BLOCK ELEMENTS & CO-ORDINATION COMPOUNDS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :

1. Explain Werner’s theory of coordination compounds with suitable examples.
2. Using IUPAC names write the formulae for the following:
(i) Tetrahydroxozincate(II) (ii) Hexaamminecobalt(III) sulphate
(iii) Potassium tetrachloropalladate(II) and
(iv) Potassium tri(oxalato) chromate (III)
3. Using IUPAC names write the systematic names ofthe following:
(i) [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 (ii) [Pt(NH3)2Cl(NH2CH3)]Cl (iii) [Ti(H2O)6]3+
(iv) K2[PdCl4] (v) K3[Fe(CN)6] (vi)Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3

4. Explain geometrical isomerism in coordination compounds giving suitable examples.

5. What is lanthanoid contraction? What are the consequences of lanthanoid contraction?
6. What is spectro chemical series?Explain the difference between a weak field ligand
and a strong field ligand.
7. Explain the applications of co-ordination compounds in different fields.
8. Write the characteristic properties of transition elements
9. What is meant by chelate effect? Give example.
10. Explain the terms (i) Ligand (ii) Coordination number (iii) Coordination entity
(iv) Central metal atom / ion
11. Why do the transition metal ions exhibit characteristic colours in aqueous solutions
explain giving examples
 12. Use Hund’s rule to derive the electronic configuration of Ce3+ ion and calculate its
magnetic moment on the basis of spin-only’ formula.
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 13. Predict which ofthe ions Cu+, Sc3+, Mn2+, Fe2+ are coloured in aqueous solution?
Give reasons.
 14. Write a short note on metal carbonyls.
 15. Account for the zero oxidation state of Ni and Fe in [Ni(CO)4] and [Fe(CO)5] respectively.
 16. What are homo leptic and heteroleptic complexes? give one example for each
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. CuSO4.5H2O is blue in colour where as anhydrous CuSO4 is colourless. Why?
2. How many moles of AgCl is precipitated when 1 mole of CoCl 3.5NH3 is treated with
AgNO3 solution?
3. [Cr(NH ) ]3+ is paramagnetic while [Ni(CN) ]2− is diamagnetic. Why?
3 4

4. 2− and [Fe(H O) ] 2+ are of different colours in dilute solutions. Why?

[Fe(CN) ]
4 2 6

5. Calculate the ‘spin only’ magnetic moment of Fe2+ ion.

(aq )

6. Among the first transition series (3d series) Chromium has highest melting point.
Why?
7. What is an ambidentate ligand? Give example.
8. What is an alloy ? Give example.
9. What are coordination compounds? Give two examples.
10. What is the difference between a double salt and a complex compound?
11. What is a ligand?
12. Why do transition elements exhibits characteristic properties.
13. In its fluoride (or) oxide, in which a transition metal exhibits highest oxidation state
and why ?
14. What is the oxidation state of cobalt in K[Co(CO) ] and [Co(NH ) ]3+ ?
4 3 6

15. Write the electronic configuration of chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu)
16. What is a chelate ligand ? give example.
17. What are complex compounds ? Give examples.
18. Silver atom has completely filled d orbitals (4d10) in its ground state. How can you
say that it is a transition element?
19. Why Zn2+ is diamagnetic where as Mn2+ is paramagnetic ?
20. Aqueous Cu2+ ions are blue in colour where as aqueous Zn2+ ions are colourless.
Why ?
21. How do transition metals exhibit catalytic activity ?
22. Give two reactions in which transition metals (or) their compounds acts as catalysts.
23. Why do the transition metals readily form alloys ?
24. What is misch-metal give its composition and uses
25. Why do transition elements exhibt more than one oxidation state (variable oxidation
states)
26. Give one example each for ionic and neutral ligands
27. What islanthanoidcontraction?
28. Scandium is a transition element ? But Zinc is not why?
29. Using IUPAC norms,write the systematic names of the following.
(i) K4[Fe(CN)6] (ii)[Cu(NH3)4]SO4
30. What is wilkinson catalyst and give its importance?
31. What is EDTAand give its importance?

POLYMERS
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Mention the type of polymerization involved in the formation ofthe following polymers
a)Bakelite b)PVC c)Polyethene d) Teflon

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 ALPHORES
2. What is polymerisation? Give an example ofa polymerization reaction.
3. What is PHBV? How is it useful to man?
4. Define an elastomer.
5. Mention the structures and names of the monomers used for preparing the following
polymers,
a) Bakelite b) Poly styrene c) Teflon d) Poly vinyl chloride
e) Nylon-6,6 f)Glyptal g)Terylene
6. What is vulcanization.
7. What do you mean by polydispersity index ?
8. What is Bio-degradable polymer ? Give two examples.
9. Write the names and structures ofthe monomers ofthe following polymers
(i) Buna-S (ii) Buna-N (iii) Dacron (iv) Neoprene.
10. What is an addition polymer ? Give an example of an addition polymer.
11. What is cross linking agent used in vulcanization.

12. Is [HN.CHR − CO]n a homopolymer or a copolymer ?

13. Give two examples for Semi-synthetic polymers ?
14. What is ziegler-natta catalyst?
15. Give the structure of Nylon-2-Nylon-6
16. What are the monomer repeating units of Nylon - 6 and Nylon - 6,6.
17. Name the different types of molecular masses of polymers.
18. What is the difference between Buna-N and Buna-S?
19. What are fibers? Give example
20. What are thermoplastic polymers? Give example.
21. What are thermosetting polymers? Give example.
22. What are copolymers? Give example.
23. What are homopolymers? Give example.
24. What are monomers? Give example.

BIOMOLECULES
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Give the sources of the following vitamins and name the diseases caused by their
deficiency.
a) A b)D c)E and d) K
2. What are hormones ? Give one example for each.
i) Steroid hormones ii) Poly peptide hormones and iii) Amino acid derivatives.
3. Write notes on vitamins.
4. Write notes on the functions of different hormones in the body.
5. What are enzymes ? Give examples.
6. Explain the classification of carbohydrates.
7. Write the importance of carbohydrates.
 8. Discuss the structure of glucose on the basis of its chemical properties.
 9. What is the DNA finger printing, mention its applications.
 10. Explain the denaturation with suitable examples.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Name the vitamin responsible for the coagulation of blood.
2. Why are vitamin A and vitamin C essential to us ? Give their important sources.
3. Define Carbohydrates ?
4. What are anomers ?

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 ALPHORES
5. What is Zwitter ion ? Give an example .
6. What are essential and non-essential amino acids ? Give one example for each.
7. Why cannot vitamin C be stored in our body ?
8. What is the difference between nucleoside and nucleotide?
9. Name the different types of carbohydrates on the basis of their hydrolysis. Give one
example for each.
10. What do you understand from the names (a) aldo pentose and (b) Keto heptose ?
II. Why are sugars classified as reducing and non reducing sugars?
12. What do you understand by invert sugars ?
13. What type of bonding helps in stabilizing the a -helix structure of proteins ?
14. Temperature and pH effect the native proteins. Explain.
15. What are amino acids? Give two examples
16. What are proteins? Give an examples.
17. What are fibrous proteins? Give examples.
18. What are globular proteins? Give examples.
19. Write the names of three types of RNA.
20. Write the biological functions of nucleic acids.
21. What is glycogen? How is it different from starch.
22. What are the hydrolysis products of (i) sucrose and (ii) lactose
23. What is the basic structural differece between starch and cellulose.
24. What is denaturation? Give an example.
25. Write any one method of preparation of glucose. Write the equation.

CHEMISTRY IN EVERYDAY LIFE

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What are antibiotics ? Give example.
2. What are antiseptics ? Give example.
3. What are anitifertility drugs ? Give example
4. What are artificial sweetening agents ? Give example.
5. What are analgesics ? Give example
6. What are non - Narcotic analgesics ? Give example
7. What are antacids ? Give example.
8. What are antihistamines ? Give example.
9. What are tranquilizers? Give example.
10. What are narcotic analgesics ? Give example. What art antimicrobials?
12. What are disinfectants ? Give example.
13. What are the main constituents of dettol?
14. What is tincture of iodine ? What is its use ?
15. What are food preservatives ? Give example.
16. Name two most familiar antioxidants used as fooc additives.?
17. What is the difference between a soap and a synthetic detergent ?
18. Name the macromolecules that are choosen as drug targets?

HALOALKANES AND HALOARENES

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. Write the reactions showing the major and minor products when chlorobenzene is
reacted with CH3Cl and CH3COCl in presence of AlCl3 .
2. Explain the mechanism of Nucleophiiic bimolecular substitution SN2 reaction with
one example.

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 ALPHORES

3. Explain the mechanism ofNucleophilic unimolecular substitution SN] reaction with
one example.
4. Define the following:
i) Racemic mixture ii) Retention of configuration iii) Enantiomers.
5. Write the mechanism of dehydro halogenation of 2-bromobutane?
6. Account for the following statements :
1) Arylhalides are extremely less reactive towards Nucleophiiic substitution reactions.
2) p-Nitrochlorobenzene and o, p-dinitrochiorobenzene undergo Nucleophilic
substitution readily compared to chlorobenzene.
7. Explain how the following conversions are carried out:
1) Propeneto propanol 2) Ethanol to but-1 -yne
3) 1-Bromopropane to Bromopropane
8. Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as
primary,secondary, tertiaiy, vinyl or aiyl halides.
i) CH3CH(CH3)CH(Br)CH3 ii) CH3C(C1)(C2H5)CH2CH3
iii) m-ClCH2C6H4CH2C(CH3)3 iv) O-Br-C6H4CH(CH3)CH2CH3

HALOALKANES AND HALOARENES

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :

1. Predict the alkenes that would be formed in the following reactions and identify the
major alkene

Br CH3

ii) 2-Chloro -2- methvi butane ?

2. How will you cany* out the following conversions ?
1) Ethane to bromoethene
2) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
3. What is the criteria for optical activity? give two examples of chiral molecules?
4. Write the mechanism ofthe following reaction
n– Butylbromide + KCN ⎯⎯Et⎯oH,⎯H O⎯→ n-butylcyanide
2

5. Explain SN1 & SN2 reactions

 6. Ahydro carbon CSH10 does not react with chlorine in dark but gives a single monochloro
compund C5H9Cl in bright sun light identity the hydrocarbon.
 7. Explain why the dipolemoment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of
cyclohexylchloride.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. What are the ambident nucloephiles?
2. What is the stereochemical result of S1N and S2N reactions ?
3. What type of isomerism is exhibited by o, m, and p-chlorobenzenes ?
4. Write the isomers of the compound having molecular formula C4H9Br.
5. What are Enantiomers ?
6. Write the structures ofthe following compounds.
i) 2-chloro-3 -methylpentane ii) 1 -Bromo-4-sec-butyl-2-methylbenzene
7. Which one ofthe following has highest dipole moment?
i) CH2Cl2 ii)CHCl3 iii)CCl4

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 ALPHORES
8. Which Compound in each ofthe following pairs will react faster in SN 2 reaction with
OH– ?
i) CH3Br or CH3I ii) (CH3)3CCl or CH3Cl
9. Explain why the alkyl halides though polar are immiscible with water?
10. Out of C6H5CH2Cl and C6H5CHClC6H5. Which is more easily hydrolysed by aqueous
KOH?
11. Treatment of alkylhalides with aq.KOH leads to the formation of alcohols, while in
presence of ale. KOH what products are formed ?
12. Find the A & B products in the following reactions
CH CH Cl ⎯⎯M⎯g ⎯→A ⎯⎯HO⎯→B
2

3 2 ETHER

13. Write the strutures of the following compounds.

(i) 2-chloro-3-methylpentane. (ii) p-bromo chloro benzene.
14. Explain the Wurtz-fittig reaction.

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING C, H & O

ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS AND ETHERS
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. Explain why (i) Ortho nitrophenol is more acidic than ortho methoxyphenol.
(ii) OH group attached to benzene ring activates it towards elecrtophilic substitution.
2. With a suitable example write equations for the following:
(i) Kolbe’s reaction (ii) Reimer-Tiemann reaction, (ii) Williamsons ether synthesis.
3. Write equations ofthe below given reactions:
(i) Alkylation of anisole (ii) Nitration of anisole
(iii) Fridel-Crafts accetylation of anisole
4. (a) Write any two methods of preparation of phenol.
(b) Explain the acidic nature ofphenols and compare with that of alcohol.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol.
2. Explain the acidic nature ofphenols and compare with that of alcohols.
3. Illustrate hydroboration-oxidation reaction with a suitable example.
4. Write the products formed by the reduction and oxidation of phenol.
5. Write the equations for the preparation of phenol using benzene, cone. H 2SO4 and
NaOH.
6. Ethanol with H2SO4 at 443K forms ethane while at 413 K it forms ethoxyethane.
Explain the mechanism.
7. Write the structures of the following compounds whose IUPAC names are
(i) 2-methylbutan-l-ol, (ii) 2,3-diethylphenol,
(iii) 1-ethoxypropane, (iv) cyclohexylmethanol
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Compare the acidic strength of acetic acid, chloroacetic acid, benzoic acid and phenol.
2. Explain why propanol has higher boiling point than that of the hydrocarbon-butane.
3. Alocohols are comparatively more solube in water than hydrocarbons of comparable
molecular masses. Explain this fact.
4. Give the reagents used for the prepartion of phenol from chlorobenzene.
5. Name the reagents used in the following reactions.
(i) Oxidation of primary alcohol to carboxylic acid
(ii) Oxidation of primary alcohol to aldehyde
6. Write the equations for the following reactions.
(i) Bromination of phenol to 2,4,6-tribromophenol
(ii) Benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid.

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ALDEHYDES, KETONES & CARBOXYLIC ACID

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. Describe the following
1) Acetylation 2) Cannizaro reaction
3) Crossed aldol condensation 4) Decarboxylation 5) Aldol condensation
2. Explain the following terms. Give an example of the reaction in each case.
1) Cyanohydrin 2) Acetal 3) Semicarbazone 4) Aldol
5) Hemiacetal 6) Oxime
 3. How are the following conversions carried in not more than two steps.
1) Ethanol to 3-hydroxybutanal 2) Bromobenzene to 1-Phenylethanol
3) Benzaldehyde to + Hydro xypheny lac etic acid
4)Benzaldehyde to benzophenone
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. Explain the role of electron with drawing and electron releasing groups on the acidity
of carboxylic acids.
2. Arrange the following in the increasing order of their acidic strength: Benzoic acid,
4-Methoxybenzoic acid, 4-Nitrobenzoic acid and 4-Methylbenzoic acid.
3. Write the equations of any aldehyde with Fehlings reagent.
4. What is Tollens reagent? Explain its reaction with Aldehydes.
5. Explain the following reactions
i) Reimer-Tiemann reaction ii) Williamson’s ether synthesis
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their property indicated.
1) Acetaldehyde, Acetone, Methyl t.butyl ketone reactivity towards HCN
2) Floroacetic acid, monochloroacetic acid, Acetic acid and Dichloroacetic acid (Acid
strength)
2. Write the reaction showing a -halogenation of carboxylic acid and give its name.
3. How do you distinguish acetophenone and benzophenone?
4. Explain the position of electrophilic substitution in benzoic acid.
5. Write equations showing the conversion of
1) Acetic acid to Acetyl chloride 2) Benzoic acid to Benzamide
6. Write the mechanism of esterification.

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING NITROGEN

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks) :
1. Complete the following conversions Aniline to
i) Fluorobenzene ii) Cyanobenzene iii) Benzene and iv) Phenol
2. Explain the following named reactions:
i) Sandmeyer reaction ii) Gatterman reaction.
3. Complete the following conversions
i) CH3NC + HgO → ? ii) ?+ 2H2O → CH3NH2 + HCOOH
iii) CH CN + C H MgBr → ? ⎯⎯ ⎯⎯→? HO
3
+
iv) NH + 3Br ⎯⎯→ ?
3 2 5 3 2

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 ALPHORES
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. How do you prepare the following?
i) N,N -dimethyipropanamine from Ammonia,
ii) Propanamine from Chloroethane
2. How do you carryout the following conversions?
i) N-ethylamine to N ,N-diethylpro panamine,
ii) Aniline to BenzeneSulphonamide
3. How do you prepare ehtyl cyanide and Ethyl isocyanide from a common alkylhalide?
4. Explain the following
(a) Diazotisation (b) Carbylamine reaction
5. Explain the following:
i) pk of aniline is more than that of memyiamine.
b

ii) Reduction ofalkylcyarade forms primary amine whereas alkyl isocyanide forms
secondary amine.
6. Compare the basicity ofthe following in gaseous and in aqueous state and arrange
them in increasing order of basicity. CH3NH2, (CH3)2 NH, (CH3)3N and NH3.
 7. Write the IUPAC names of the following compounds
i) CH3CH2NHCH2CH2CH3 ii) PhCH2CN
CH2NC
NH2

iii) iv)
Br Br
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (4 Marks) :
1. How do you prepare the following?
i) N,N-dimethylpropanarnine from Ammonia, ii) Propanamine from Chloroethane
2. How do you carryoutthe following conversions?
i) N-ethylamine to N,N-diethylpropanamine,
ii) Aniline to BenzeneSulphonamide
3. How do you prepare ehtyl cyanide and Ethyl isocyanide from a common alkylhalide?
4. Explain the foUowing
(a) Diazotisation (b) Carbylamine reaction
5. Explain the following:
i) pk of aniline is more than that of methylamine.
b

ii) Reduction of alkylcyanide forms primary amine whereas alkyl isocyanide forms
secondary amine.
6. Compare the basicity of the following in gaseous and in aqueous state and arrange
them in increasing order of basicity. CH 3NH2, (CH3)2NH, (CH3)3N and NH3.
 7. Write the IUPAC names of the following compounds
i) CH3CH2NHCH2CH2CH3 ii) PhCH2CN
CH2NC
NH2

iii) iv)
Br Br

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 ALPHORES
 8. Write the equation involved in the reaction ofNitrous acid with Ethylamine and aniline.
 9. Explain with equations how methylamine, N,N-dimethylarnine and N,N.N-
trimethylamine react with benzenesulphonyl chloride and how this reaction is useful
to separate these amines.
 10. Write the steps involved in the coupling ofbenzene diazonium chloride with aniline
and phenol.
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks) :
1. Write equations for carbylamine reaction of any one aliphatic amine.
2. What is Diazotisation.
3. Explain why ethylamine is more soluble in water whereas aniline is not soluble.
4. Gabriel phthalimide synthesis exclusively forms primary amines only. Explain?
5. Give structures of A, B and C in the following reaction.
6. How do you carryout the following conversions:
i) Benzoic acid to Benzamide, ii) Aniline to p-bromo aniline
CuCN H O/ H+ NH .
C6H5N2Cl ⎯⎯⎯⎯→ A ⎯⎯ ⎯⎯→ B ⎯⎯⎯ ⎯→C
2 3

7. Arrange the following bases in decresing order of pk values .

b

C6H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, C2H5NH2and(C6H5 )2 NH

8. How is nitrobenzene converted in to Aniline?
LIST OF NAMED RACTIONS:
1. Grignard Reaction.
2. SN1 & SN2 Reactions.
3. Aldol Condensation.
4. Cross Aldol Condensation.
5. Cannizaro’s Reaction.
6. Clemmensen’s Reduction.
7. Wolff-kishner Reduction.
8. Carbylamine Reaction.
9. Reimer-Tiemann Reaction.
10. Esterificatioa
11. Sandmeyer Reaction.
12. Gattermann Reaction.
13. Williamson’s Ether Synthesis.
14. Decarboxylation.
15. H.V.Z. Reaction.
16. Diazotisation.
17. Wurtz-Fittig Reaction.
18. Fittig Reaction.
19. Wurtz Reaction.
20. Kolbe’s Reaction.
21. Hoffmann Bromamide degradation Reaction
22. Finkelstein reaction
23. Swarts reaction?
24. Etard reaction?

**
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