• In this subject, we will learn how computers

become computers, its evolution, generation of

computers, four basic computers periods,
classification of computers, evolution of media, and
media in the digital age.
 INTRODUCTION TO LIVING IN THE IT ERA

• We are now living in a time where technology is deeply embedded in our daily
activities. From the way we communicate, work, learn, and even entertain ourselves,
information technology (IT) plays a significant role in shaping modern society.
• The rapid advancements in computing, the internet, and digital devices have
transformed the world into a highly connected and data-driven environment. In this
subject, Living in the IT Era, we will explore the impact of IT on different aspects of life,
how it has evolved over time, and how we can become responsible digital citizens in
this fast-changing world.
• Some key areas we will focus on include:
The Evolution of Computers – Understanding how technology has developed
over the years.
Generations of Computers – Exploring the improvements and innovations in
computing.
The Role of IT in Society – Examining how technology influences education,
business, and communication.
Digital Literacy & Cybersecurity – Learning how to use technology responsibly
and securely.
FIVE EXAMPLES OF HOW WE ARE LIVING IN THE
IT ERA
• 1️⃣ Instant Communication

• 2️⃣ Online Learning

• 3️⃣ E-Commerce & Digital Payments
• 4️⃣ Social Media & Digital Entertainment
• 5️⃣ Artificial Intelligence & Smart Assistants
• Before we dive into the History of Computers, let's
first reflect:

Which of these do you use the most in your daily life?

What are the advantages and challenges of living in the digital
age?
In 1971, Alan Shugart
leads a team of IBM
engineers who invent
the "floppy disk,"
allowing data to be
shared among
computers.
• In 1973, Robert Metcalfe, a member
of the research staff for Xerox,
develops Ethernet for connecting
multiple computers and other
hardware.
In 1976, Steve Jobs and Steve
Wozniak start Apple Computers on
April Fool's Day and roll out the
Apple I, the first computer with a
single-circuit board, according to
Stanford University.
In 1978, Accountants
rejoice at the
introduction of VisiCalc,
the first computerized
spreadsheet program.
In 1983, Apple's Lisa is the
first personal computer with a
.GUI. It also features a drop-
down menu and icons.

is the first portable computer

with the familiar flip form factor
and the first to be marketed as
a "laptop."
In 1990, Tim Berners-Lee, a researcher at
CERN, the high-energy physics laboratory
in Geneva, develops HyperText Markup
Language (HTML), giving rise to the World
Wide Web.
In 1993, The Pentium
microprocessor advances the use of
graphics and music on PCs.
In 1996, Sergey
Brin and Larry Page
develop the Google
search engine at
Stanford University
In 1999, The term Wi-Fi
becomes part of the
computing language and
users begin connecting to the
Internet without wires.
In 2001, Apple unveils the Mac OS X
operating system, which provides
protected memory architecture and pre-
emptive multi-tasking, among other
benefits. Not to be outdone, Microsoft
rolls out Windows XP, which has a
significantly redesigned GUI.
In 2003, The first 64-bit
processor, AMD's Athlon 64,
becomes available to the
consumer market.
In 2004, Mozilla's Firefox
1.0 challenges Microsoft's
Internet Explorer, the
dominant Web browser.
Facebook, a social
networking site, launches.
In 15. 2005, YouTube, a video
sharing service, is founded.
Google acquires Android, a
Linux- based mobile phone
operating system.
In 2006, Apple introduces the
MacBook Pro, its first Intel-based,
dual-core mobile computer, as well
as an Intel-based iMac.
In 2007, 5. The iPhone
brings many computer
functions to the
smartphone.
In 2009, Microsoft launches
Windows 7, 4.which offers the
ability to pin applications to the
taskbar and advances in touch
and handwriting recognition,
among other features.
 In 2. 2018-Present,
1. Cloud Computing

Cloud computing means using the internet to store, access,

and manage data instead of relying on a personal
computer or local server. It allows businesses and individuals
to use powerful computing services without needing expensive
hardware. 6. It is like renting a storage space online where you can
keep and access your files anytime, anywhere.
Examples of cloud computing:
1.Google Drive – A cloud storage service that lets users save
documents, photos, and videos online and access them from
any device.
2.Netflix – 9. Uses cloud computing to stream movies and TV
shows to millions of users worldwide without needing to store
content on their devices.
3.Dropbox – A file-sharing and storage service that allows
users to back up files online and collaborate in real-time.
4.7. Microsoft Office 365 – Provides cloud-based applications
like Word, Excel, and PowerPoint, allowing users to work on
documents from anywhere.
5.Amazon Web Services (AWS) – 8. A cloud platform that
offers businesses computing power, storage, and other
services to run applications and websites without needing
physical servers.
2. The Internet of Things

The internet of things has turned the dream of smart homes,

devices, cars, and workplaces into a reality. It can forge
compelling solutions for real-time problems by focusing on
hardware-centric software, and firmware. IOT will merge with
edge computing and enable a better range of IOT applications.
Edge computing will improve IOT based application ability to
detect obstacles, face identification, and security.
3. Artificial Intelligence
14. Artificial Intelligence along with machine learning will be an
unstoppable force in 2018.
AI and its advanced algorithms will be assisting other
technologies to build sophisticated software. Commoditized
Artificial Intelligence will work in natural language processing,
computer vision, and recommender systems. Conversational
Artificial Intelligence will come across areas like supply chain,
sales, manufacturing, and insurance. Amazon Alexa is the best
example of Artificial Intelligence application.
4. Virtual Assistance

Virtual Assistance 10. technology will be a deciding vote for

brand engagement. Amazon’s Alexa and Echo have proved to
be current market leaders in the world of virtual assistance.
Advancements can be made to the existing technology by
merging with voice assistant technology companies and media
providers. 11. Chatbots are one of the technology
advancements brands can use for providing quick responses
and 24/7 availability to the customers.
5. Augmented Reality

3. AR is a technology which places a computer-generated image in

front of a user creating a composite view of reality. Unlike virtual
reality, it uses existing environment and imposes new information on
top of it. Snapchat’s funny face filters and iPhone X Emojis are the
best way to describe AR. Apple’s AR Kit will ease the work of many
developers to include this technology in phones, software, etc.
Brands like Amazon have started to work with AR
6. 12. 3-D printing

3-D printing will change the perspective of many industries of

manufacturing a product. HP has created 3-D printers which are portable
and simple to use. 3-D printing can change the world by creating
touchable pictures, human body parts, lightweight, and long-lasting cast for
broken bones, and safer, stronger vehicles. It will also enhance design
and innovation in a variety of sectors. 3-D printing will disrupt the market
by saving time and money. The technology is expensive currently, but
when the price will fall, it will be accessible.
7. Robotic Process Automation or RPA

Like AI and Machine Learning, 13. Robotic Process Automation, or RPA, is

another technology that is automating jobs. RPA is the use of software to
automate business processes such as interpreting applications, processing
transactions, dealing with data, and even replying to emails. RPA
automates repetitive tasks that people used to do. These are not just the
menial tasks of a low-paid worker: up to 45 percent of the activities we do
can be automated, including the work of financial managers, doctors, and
CEOs.