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i. Create a 3x3 identity matrix

NUMPY STANDARD DATA TYPES

Table 4-1. Standard NumPy data types

Data type Description

bool_
Boolean (True ot False) stofed as a byte
int_ Defaut integer type (same as ( long; nofmally either int64 of int32)
intc dentcal to Cint (nofmally int32 or int64)
intp Integef used for indexing (same as (ssize_t; nofmally either int32 or int64)
int8 Byte (-128 to 127)
int16 Integer (-32768 to 32767)
int32 Integer (-2147433648 to 2147483647)
int64
Integer (-923372036354775808 to 92233720363547S807)
uint8 Unsigned integer (0 to 25S)
uint16 Unsigned integer (0 to 65535)
uint32 Unsigned integer (0 to 4294967295)
uint64 Unsigned integer (0 to 184467440737O9551615)
float_ Shorthand for float64
float16 Half-precision float: sign bit, Sbits exponent, 10 bts mantissa
float32 Single-precision float: sign bit, 8bits exponent, 23 bits mantissa
float64 Double-precision float: sign bit, 11bits exponent, 52 bits mantissa
conplex_ Shorthand for conplex128
conplex64 Complex number, fepfesented by two 32-bit foats
conplex128 Complex numbet, lepresented by two 64-bit floats

Numpy array in diferent dimensions

import numpy as np
rng= np.random.default rng(seed=1701) # seed for reproducibility
x1 =rng.integers(10, size-6) # one-dimensional array
X2= rng.integers(10, size-(3, 4)) #two-dimensional array
X3 = rng.integers(10, size-(3, 4, 5)) # three-dimensional array

#math operations
print("x3 ndim:", x3.ndim)
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print("%3 shape:", N3.shope)

print("x3 size: ", x3.size)
print(°dtype: ", x3.dtype)

Array indexing: Accessing Single Elements

X1
x1[0)
x1[4]
x1[-1]

#indexing multidimensional array

x2
x2[0, 0]

#modification of index notation

x2[0, 0]= 12
X2

Array Slicing: Accessing Subarrays

x[start:stop:stop]
#1Dimensional Sub arrays
x1
x1[:3] #first three elements
x1[3:] #elements after index 3
x1[1:4] #middle subarray
x1(::2] #every second element
x1[1::2] #every second element, starting at index 1

Multidimensional Subarrays
X2

X2(:2.:3] #first twO rows &three columns

x2[:3,::2] #three rows, every second column
X2[::-1,::1]#all rows &columns, reversed

Accessing single rows or columns of an array.

X2[:. 0] #first column of x2
x2[0, :] #first row of x2
array([12, 1, 3, 7)
X2(0] #equivalent to x2[0. :]

Subarrays as No-Copy ViewS

print(x2)

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print(x2_sub)

#modifysub array
x2_sub[0,0]=99
print(x2sub)
print(x2)

Creating copies of arrays

x2_ sub_copy =x2[:2, :2].copy)

print(x2_sub_copy)
x2_sub_copy[0,0] =42
print(x2_sub_copy)
print(x2)

method
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grid =np.arrange(1, 10).reshape(3, 3)

print(grid)
column matrix:
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X= np.array([1, 2, 3])
X.reshape((1, 3,)
X.reshape(3, 1)
#using np.newaxis in the slicing syntax
x(np.newaxis, :] #row vector via newaxis
X[, np.newaxis] #column vector via newaxis

Array Concatenation and Splitting

Concatenation of Arrays - takes a tuple or list of arrays as its first argument
X= np.array([1, 2, 3])
y= np.array([3, 2, 1])
np.concatenate([x, y])

Z= np.array([99, 99, 99])

print(np.concatenate([x, y, zl)
grid =np.array([[1, 2, 3],
[4,5,6])

np.concatenate([grid, grid])
#concatenate along the second axis (zero-indexed)
np.concatenate([grid, grid], axis = 1)

#vertically stack the arrays

np.vstack([,grid)

#horizontally stack the arrays

y=np.array([99],
[99])
np.hstack(grid, yl)

Solitting of Array - opposite of concatenation

1]1
x= [1, 2, 3, 99,99, 3, 2, 5))
x1, x2, x3 =np.split(x, (3,
print(x1,x2, x3)

grid= np.arange(16).reshape((4,4)
grid

Functions
Computational on NumPy Arrays: Universal
operations
Universal functions (ufuncs)- implements vectorized
import numpy as np
rng = np.random.default_rnglseed=1701)

def compute_reciprocals(values):
output = np.empty(len(values)
for iin range(len(values)):
output[i] =1.0 /values[i]
return output

values = rng.integers(1, 10, size=5)

compute_reciprocals(values)

Ufuncs

print(compute_reciprocals(values)
print(1.0/values)

%tineit (1.0 /big_array)

np.arrange(5)/ np.arrange(1,6)
x=np.arrange(9).reshape(3,3)
2**x

Exploring NumPy's Ufuncs:

Unary ufuncs: operate on a single input

Binary ufuncs: operate on two inputs
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