10 A lifelong process Listening | 1BSU


Unit 10

1 Work in pairs.
Starting off 
Would you like to study abroad? Why (not)?
1 Work in pairs. 
Which country/countries would you choose? Why?

What difficulties might you experience?

Look at the photos of different educational 
What difficulties might a foreign student experience in
establishments. How many of these have you attended? your country?
Which did you enjoy most? Why? 
How do you think a period of study abroad would

Tell each other about your education to date. What do/ change you?
did you most like and dislike about the process?

In some countries, children start school at the age of 2 You will hear a British student talking about her
four, while in others the age is seven. When did you start? daily life in Abu Dhabi, where she is currently
What do you think is the most appropriate age? spending a year studying. Which of these aspects of

What do you think is the optimum number of students in her life there do you think she might comment on?
a class at primary, secondary and higher education levels? climate food accommodation clothes language
transport lessons teaching staff exams social life

3 13 Listen to the recording to find out if any of

your ideas are mentioned.

4 Now read the sentences below. Can you guess what

word or phrase is missing from each sentence?

The speaker chose to study Arabic because one of the

teachers had a (1) for the subject. 5 13 Listen to the recording again. For questions
1–8 in Exercise 4 complete the sentences with a word
The language spoken in the city where she is studying or short phrase.
is a (2) which people understand
across the region. Exam advice
The fact that students were a  t Read the gapped sentences before you listen. This
who were not married meant that they were not will show you how the recording is organised and give
allowed to stay at the first hotel. you an idea of the topic. The gaps in the sentences
One member of the group returned home soon should provide a clear idea of what information you are
after arriving because he was suffering from listening for.
2 How far do you agree or disagree with these opinions about education?
 . t Fill in the gaps with the actual words you hear, without
Tick the boxes (1 = strongly agree; 5 = strongly disagree).
1 2 3 4 5 changing them in any way.
The (5) is located in a shopping t Check that your completed sentences are
a Parents should have the choice of sending children to school or educating them area.
themselves at home. grammatically correct.
In the (6) they do with their teacher t Answer every question even if you are not sure.
b An education system which does not teach young people how to think for themselves is
Ingy, the students learn how to shop for food.
a failure.
c My country’s education systems encourage conformity and discourage originality and Arabic pronunciation is not easy for the speaker 6 Work in pairs.
creativity. because the back (7) has to be 
Imagine you had the chance to study any language in
d A teacher’s main job is to help pupils or students to pass examinations. used to produce some sounds. the world.
e The main purpose of education is to equip young people with the practical skills they The speaker and her friends spend their weekends at a
t
8IJDI
MBOHVBHF
XPVME
ZPV
DIPPTF
need for work. (8) where they can swim and lie
t
8IFSF
XPVME
ZPV
DIPPTF
UP
MFBSO
JU
by the pool. 
Do you think single-sex groups learn better than
G
The purpose of a university education is to produce future generations of leaders.
mixed-sex groups?

How influential do you think teachers are in students’
3 Compare ideas with your partner and discuss any points of disagreement. choice of subjects?

106 107
 A lifelong process Unit
Unit10
10

Reading and Use of Speaking | 1BSU


English | 1BSU
 1 Work in pairs. Discuss these written prompts for a
Speaking Part 3 task.
1 You are going to read a short article
describing the importance of
A class of
training in the workplace. Before
Self-study 20–30 with a
you read, do the exercise in the
teacher
Exam round-up box. For what
purposes
Exam round-up are these
How much do you remember about approaches to
Use of English Part 1? Circle the learning suited?
Group work One-to-one: a
correct alternative in each of these
without a teacher with a
sentences.
teacher student

In Use of English Part 1 there is a text A lecture to
with eight / ten gaps. Why do we need lifelong learning? many people 3 How would you answer questions 1–6 in Exercise 2?

For each gap you are given a choice Make brief notes.
Incentives play an important (0) C in our decisions to learn. As
of three / four possible answers.

You should read the text before / we age, the outcomes of (1) in learning are not the same as 4 14 Listen to two exam candidates discussing two
after reading the options. when we were younger. The type of work-related learning we do also of these questions. Which questions do they discuss?
changes as we get older. Most workers over 45 participate in learning Do they express any ideas that are similar to yours?

2 Write your own definitions for (2) directly related to their function. By contrast, young 5 Look at the following words and phrases from the
these phrases, which appear in the workers are more likely to regard training as an (3) in their recording. Which ones could you use to answer
article. future careers. questions 1–6 in Exercise 2?

lifelong learning retraining Organisations want to continually renew their skills base and until academic study class teaching individual student
upgrade (your) skills recently have (4) this largely through a steady inflow of newly learning style pair or group work primary school
qualified young people onto the labour (5) . Traditionally, we programme of study range of abilities
3 Work in pairs. Compare your
have had a mix of those young people, who bring new skills to the secondary school
definitions, then discuss these
workplace, and a proportion of older workers, who (6) their 2 Questions 1–6 below are some possible Part 4
questions. give clear instructions manage one’s own learning
experience. We are now seeing a decreasing proportion of young questions which might follow on from the written

Why do some adults want to learn prompts you have been discussing. Which questions work independently
something new? people entering the workforce and an increase in the proportion
of older people. So unless we change the (7) of our learning B
ask you to choose between two options? effective (in)formal motivated motivating

How is learning as an adult different
C
ask for an explanation of an established fact? time-consuming
from learning as a younger person? across life, we will see a (8) in these new skills in the working
D
ask whether you agree with something or not?

Why do you think the idea of population. E
ask for a number of different ideas? 6 Work in pairs. Answer the questions in Exercise 2,
lifelong learning has become so
popular in recent years? 
Why do you think lectures are a more common as a taking turns to start the discussion. Use some of the

" focus B game C role D feature language from Exercise 5 in your discussion.
form of teaching in universities than in schools?
4 Read the article Why do we need 
A participation
# joining C attendance D activity 
What are the advantages and disadvantages of one-to-
lifelong learning?. Does the writer one teaching from a student’s point of view? Exam advice
mention any of the ideas you 
A actions B activities C acts D modules

Some people think that individual study is the least t Listen very carefully to the question you are asked,
discussed? 
A interest B investment C investigation D inspiration effective way of learning. Do you share this view? Why but also to your partner because you may be asked to
(not)? respond to something he/she says.
5 Read the article again. For 
A affected B fulfilled C achieved D succeeded

Do you think project work is an approach more suited t Express your opinions clearly and be prepared to
questions 1–8, decide which 
A workforce B employment C staff D market to older or younger students? Why? justify or explain what you say, or to suggest a range of
answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each

A donate B supply C contribute D sell 
Which do you think is more important from a student’s possible ideas to answer the question.
gap. There is an example at the
point of view: a good teacher or a small class? Why? t Remember that fluency is important, so make sure you
beginning (0). 
A way B method C means D nature 
Do you think that exams are the best and fairest means give full answers.


A decline B cutback C fall D lessening of assessing students? Why (not)?

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 A lifelong process
Choosing a university Unit 10

Reading and Use of English | 1BSU


1 Imagine you are about to apply for a university D KAZUMI
A JASON
course. Which of these factors would be most My main reason for coming here was
I decided right from the word go that
important to you in choosing which course to the Human Rights course. When I was
I wanted to be about an hour away
apply for? at school I couldn’t decide whether
from home – close, but not too close.
I wanted to be a doctor or a lawyer,
t
the location of the university As luck would have it, my first open
but having decided to be a lawyer, I
t
the quality of teaching day was at this university – and I
t
the reputation of the university then had to choose which first degree
knew immediately that it would take a
t
the cost of tuition I should take before starting law
lot of beating. It was the whole package. Everyone I spoke to
t
the number of students in each class/lecture school in a different city. I’ve always wanted to help people
about the course was very clued up about their subjects, and
t
the quality of student accommodation and I figured that taking Human Rights would allow me to learn
seemed genuinely interested in teaching students, something
t
the help and support provided for applicants about how I can make a real difference in the world. The course
that wasn’t true everywhere. Although I liked the compact
t
the atmosphere on the university campus lecturers were inspirational and passionate about their subjects
campus, the fact that the university is a fair way from the
t
the opportunities for socialising – this has been evident in all of their lectures. I also decided
town centre put me off a bit to start with, because it meant I
t
the non-academic facilities, e.g. for sports, to come here because it is a remarkable city. I had been here
couldn’t pop into town to do my shopping during my breaks,
entertainment, shopping before and just fell in love with the city and its culture.
but I’ve got used to that.
2 Which of the universities shown in the photos most
appeals to you? Why? Compare your answers to this
and Exercise 1 with other students. B MARIA E VLADIMIR
When the time came to select the The main reason I chose this
3 You are going to read comments from five students university I wanted to go to, I was in university was its Engineering course.
explaining why they chose their university. First a bit of a quandary. I’d spent weeks I am one of those people who just
read questions 1–10 and underline the key ideas. poring over the glossy brochures and love maths, and I have always
I had eventually narrowed down my known that maths would be part of
Which student options to just three possibilities, my career. I was torn between two
but I still could not decide between possibilities: I could become an
chose a university which sold itself more
1 them. So it was time to schedule campus tours to find out engineer and apply maths at a practical level, using it to solve
convincingly than others he/she had seen?
how the reality measured up to the hype. Every campus was problems and hopefully to change the world one day. Or I could
feels as if he/she really belongs to the different and of course they all had their advantages, but this combine my love of maths with my desire to help others by
2 4 Now read the texts. For questions 1–10, choose from
university he/she chose? place instantly appealed to me. It’s difficult to put my finger on becoming a maths teacher. That way I knew I’d be changing the
the texts (A–E). The texts may be chosen more than
exactly why but for one thing, as soon as I arrived, I was struck world one student at a time.
is doing a degree course which precedes a once.
 by the smiles and greetings everyone gave me. I knew that
course of professional training? I needn’t have worried because in the end I didn’t have to
5 Work in small groups. this place had everything I wanted: a wide range of subjects,
choose! I got everything I wanted thanks to this course, which
is hoping to pass on knowledge to others?  opportunities to become involved in student life, and staff who

Discuss what measures could be taken to improve will qualify me to be a high school teacher while gaining a
would have my best interests at heart. What I value most here
education in your country. Think about all levels, from general engineering degree at the same time. So I’ll be able to
chose not to live in student accommodation is the feeling that I am part of a supportive community.
5 nursery school to university. start teaching as soon as I qualify.
even though he/she was impressed by it?

Make a list of five suggestions to present to the rest of
initially thought that the location of the the class.
campus was a negative feature? 6 C OSVALDO
Exam advice One of the reasons I chose this university was because of the effort that they put into organising the open
was impressed by the teachers’ enthusiasm day. The course representatives, including lecturers and current students, went to great lengths to provide
7 t The questions or statements precede the text(s) in
for their subjects? an honest and enthusiastic overview of their courses and of life in the city. This was in marked contrast
this part of the exam. Study these carefully before
you read the text(s). to other universities I visited which, although considered more prestigious, seemed content to let their
was very impressed by how knowledgeable
8 t Read the text(s) carefully, looking for the reputation do the talking and put little effort into making us feel welcome or valued.
the people he/she met on open day were?
information referred to in the ten questions or The location of the main campus, in the centre of a city with a thriving student population, was point two in
was won over by the friendly welcome he/ statements.
9 this university’s favour. Although I chose not to live on campus, the rooms there seemed comfortable and
she received? t Many of the sections may say similar things, so very reasonably priced.
you will have to read carefully to decide which
will leave university with a dual qualification? 10
section answers the question exactly.

110 111
 At top speed Unit 10

3 Exam candidates often make mistakes with Vocabulary 2 Chance can mean possibility or opportunity, but is
Grammar generally used less formally. Read these definitions
modal verbs. Find and correct the mistakes in the
&YQSFTTJOH
BCJMJUZ
QPTTJCJMJUZ
BOE
sentences below. chance
occasion
opportunity
BOE
and complete the sentences below with chance,
PCMJHBUJPO 
He must have correct his work before he gave it to the possibility occasion, opportunity or possibility. Sometimes two
teacher. answers are possible.
1 Discuss these questions about extracts a–g from 1 Read these definitions. Then circle the correct

The students at the back of the lecture hall became alternatives in italics in the sentences below.
Reading and Use of English Part 8. chance
frustrated because they can’t hear very well.

Which extracts express ability, which possibility and 
I think they might lie to you when you bought the TV 1 an occasion which allows something to be done; an opportunity
occasion
which obligation? last week. I’m afraid I didn’t get the chance to tell him the good news.

Do the extracts refer to the past, the present or the a particular time when something happens

I’m happy to tell you that we could offer you a place on Collocations
future? My sister’s wedding was a very special occasion.
the degree course. Adjectives good, ideal, last, second, unexpected

Could you tell me the name of the manager, so I would Collocations
B
It meant I couldn’t pop into town to do my shopping. Verbs get, have, deserve, welcome, give someone, take, turn
be able to contact him in the future? Adjectives formal, historic, memorable, rare, solemn, special, unique
C
I had narrowed down my options to just three down + the chance

If we afford the fees, our daughter will apply to this Verbs mark an occasion, rise to the occasion
possibilities, but I still could not decide between them. Use the chance to do something
D
I then had to choose which first degree I should take college. Use on one occasion, the occasion when + clause
before starting law school.
4 Work in pairs. Tell each other about the following. 2 likelihood; the level of possibility that something will happen
E
I could become an engineer and apply maths at a
t
things you can do that you’re proud of opportunity There’s an outside chance that I’ll have to go to Japan next week.
practical level.
F
I needn’t have worried … t
something you couldn’t do for a long time but a situation in which it is possible to do something you want to do Collocations
eventually managed to do I’m going to work in Hong Kong for a year. It’s a great opportunity. Adjectives fair, outside, realistic, reasonable, slim
G
… because in the end I didn’t have to choose!
H
I’ll be able to start teaching as soon as I qualify. t
something you’d like to be able to do Collocations Verbs be in with a chance / stand a chance of + -ing
t
things you have to / don’t have to do as part of your Adjectives equal, excellent, golden, perfect, tremendous, welcome Use the chance of doing something, there’s a chance that +
2 Read these pairs of sentences and decide if both in job or studies Verbs have, lose, miss, seize, take + the opportunity, opportunity clause, by any chance, on the off chance, No chance!
each pair are correct. If both are correct, discuss the t
something you needn’t have worried about + arise/occur
difference in meaning between them. t
something you really must do in the next few days Use the opportunity to do something, the opportunity for + 
If you don’t do well in your exams, you’ll have the

B I have to finish this essay, so I can’t go out. noun
to retake them next summer.

b I must finish this essay. I really want to do well. 
Our education system is based on the principle of

a I didn’t need to catch a taxi home from the airport. possibility equal .
My brother picked me up. a situation where something may or may not happen 
Have you ever considered the of

b I needn’t have caught a taxi home from the airport. training to be a teacher?
There’s a definite possibility of a strike by train drivers next week.
My brother would have picked me up. 
If you go on working hard, you stand a good
Collocations
of getting into Harvard.

a You don’t have to go to the lecture this afternoon. Adjectives definite, distinct, real, remote, serious, slight, strong

Your exams start on Monday, so this weekend is the
It’s optional. Verbs face, accept, rule out, recognise, ignore + the possibility
last you’ll have to revise.

b You mustn’t go to the lecture this afternoon. It’s only Use the possibility of doing something [not possibility to do], 
I think there’s a real that I’ll get the
for first-year students. the possibility that + clause grades I need.

a After a lot of effort, I could finally start the car 
We’re having a party to celebrate the end of our exams
engine. 
Schools try to ensure that all students have an equal – it’ll be a great .

b After a lot of effort, I finally managed to start the car opportunity / possibility to succeed. 
Is there any that you could help me
engine. 
On several occasions / opportunities recently the with my homework?

a He can stay for up to 90 days with this kind of visa if university has made changes to the syllabus without
3 Complete these sentences with your own words, then
he wants to. consulting students.
compare ideas with a partner.

b He could stay for up to 90 days with this kind of visa 
If you study abroad, you should take every occasion /
opportunity to learn the language. 
I hope one day I’ll have the opportunity …
if he wanted to.

There’s a strong opportunity / possibility that you will 
Next year there’s a possibility that I’ll …

a In the future, we might not study in classrooms with win one of the three available scholarships. 
Unfortunately, I have very little chance of ever …
other students. 
Our graduation ceremony next week will be a very 
I hope the occasion never arises when I …

b In the future, we could not study in classrooms with special opportunity / occasion.
other students. 
According to the weather forecast, there’s a distinct


QBHF

-BOHVBHF
SFGFSFODF
Expressing ability, possibility possibility / occasion of rain tomorrow.
and obligation

112 113
 A lifelong process Unit 9

Writing | 1BSU
 3 Read this sample report without paying attention 6 Look at these phrases and think of more formal
to the missing headings. Does the writer make any equivalents, which you might want to use in your
"
SFQPSU points that are similar to ones you and your partner report.
have made?
1 Read the writing task and consider the facilities in a 
families students stay with
school or college that you know. How would you rate 
learning with the help of a computer
them, from your point of view as a student? Think Report on improving college facilities 
mix with people
about the following areas listed below and give each 
more chance to speak
one a star rating (★★★ = excellent, ★★ = adequate, ★ (1) 
pick up (a language)
= inadequate). The purpose of this report is to suggest ways in which

teachers who know what they’re doing

the number of students in a class
t
classrooms college facilities could be improved for students, staff

things to do in your free time
t
study areas and visitors. The report is based on comments from these

ways of teaching
t
technological equipment three groups and on my own observations. 
working on your own
t
food and drink
t
leisure or sports facilities (2)

QBHF

8SJUJOH
SFGFSFODF
Reports
t
car parking
Both students and staff commented on the need for 7 Read the writing task below.
A committee is looking into ways of improving facilities increased provision of computers. Students would

Who will read the report you write?
in your place of study. The committee chairperson has welcome more study areas equipped with computers,

How many sections will you include in your report?
asked you to write a report on the current situation while staff felt strongly that they would also be able to 
What headings will you give these sections?
and make suggestions for improvements. Address the work more efficiently if they had their own computer
interests of these three groups of people: programmes. Numbers of foreign students attending a language
t
students school in your town have been falling recently and a
t
staff members: teachers and administrative staff (3) governors’ committee has been established to increase
t
visitors: prospective future students and others. Staff expressed the view that the cost of food in the future numbers.

Write your SFQPSU in 220–260 words. canteen was unnecessarily high and recommended a The school principal has asked you to write a report
reduction. Students did not mention price, but would for this committee on the current situation and to
appreciate a wider choice of food. recommend how more students could be attracted to
the school. Your report should address the following:
(4) t
what attracts foreigners to your town
Dissatisfaction with car parking facilities was expressed t
new teaching methods and facilities that could be
by staff and visitors. Staff would like reserved spaces offered
away from other parking areas, while visitors would be t
how leisure facilities and opportunities for socialising
grateful for extra spaces to be made available to them, could be improved.
especially on certain weekday mornings. Visitors also 4 Choose the correct alternative in each of these Write your SFQPSU in 220-260 words.
said they would like key places, like the main reception, statements about headings in a report.
to be more clearly signposted from parking areas. B
Headings need / don’t need to be brief. 8 Write your report, making use of the following:
C
They are / are not usually in the form of a full sentence.
t
the verbs suggest and recommend
(5) D
They should cover all the ideas / the main topic in the
t
a variety of reporting verbs
Students suggested that the gym and other sports paragraph that follows.
t
a variety of words and phrases meaning the same as
facilities should be enlarged to take account of the Now think of suitable headings for the sample would like.
increase in student numbers in recent years. report.
Exam advice
(6) 5 Discuss these questions. t Read the instructions carefully to identify who will read
I would recommend implementing all the suggestions 
Apart from the title, how can you tell that the sample the report amd what its purpose is.
listed above with the exception of providing more car text is a report? t Deal with all the information in the input material.
2 Work in pairs and compare your ratings, giving parking spaces. It is clear from past experience that 
What structures are used with the verbs recommend t Give factual information and, if required, make
reasons. Where you agree about facilities that are demand for parking is never satisfied. I would suggest and suggest? recommendations.
not adequate, discuss ways in which they could be urging drivers to make alternative travel arrangements. 
What reporting verbs are used instead of said? t Organise your report clearly. You may want to divide it
improved. 
What verbs and phrases are used to mean would like? into sections with headings.

114 115
 Vocabulary and grammar review Unit 9 Vocabulary and grammar review Unit 10

Vocabulary 2 For questions 1–8 read the text below. Use the word given Vocabulary Grammar
in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that
1 Complete the sentences below by writing fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the 1 Circle the correct alternatives in italics in each of these 3 Complete these sentences with the
the correct word, action, activity, event or beginning (0). sentences. correct form of must, need or have to. In
programme, in the gaps. 
The system aims to give everyone an equal / a same opportunity at some cases more than one answer is

The stadium is a hive of , with Commuters on bikes the beginning of their lives. possible.
workers hurrying to get it finished before the Cyclists who commute readily make the 
Friday is the last / late chance we’ll have to enter the competition. 
My new job starts next Monday.
games. (0) admission that part of the reason for "%.*5 
The swearing-in of the first woman president was a historic / Hopefully, I work such

The authorities have asked the police to riding a bike is to beat the traffic. There is a historical occasion. long hours as I do now.
take against anyone caught thrill in weaving around (1) "11&"3 
There’s a slight / little possibility that I won’t be back in time for 
I make sure I
scrawling graffiti on the town hall. stationary cars. Also, without licence plates any tomorrow’s meeting. wake up in time for my first lecture.

The sporting I most enjoy traffic (2) they commit is virtually 0''&/% 
Don’t lose / miss this gold / golden opportunity to win a two-week Yesterday, I didn’t have any lectures, so I
doing is sailing. untraceable. ‘It’s really exciting to look at your holiday in the south of France. get up at all.

Can you look on the to see speedometer and see that you’re going at 30 
There seems to be a factual / real possibility that the party will lose 
Our lecturers have told us that we
when the interval is? miles an hour,’ said one  */5&37*&8 at the next election. send them our

For me, one of the most exciting and historic in our survey. Many cyclists now record their 
The funeral of the firefighters who died in the blaze was a very assignments by email, otherwise they
of the last century was the fall  journeys to work with a %": depressed / solemn occasion. won’t mark them. This means we
of the Berlin Wall. camera mounted on their helmet and post them 
In my opinion, everyone deserves a next / second chance in life. have our own email.

The final of this weekend’s online to show the trip in (5) GRAPH 
Take it easy! Today’s lecture’s been
festival of Irish culture will be a traditional 2 For questions 1–8, read the text below. Use the word given in cancelled, so you
detail. There are now cyclists who also record capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in
folk dance. (6) or dangerous driving and post $0/4*%&3 hurry.

Thanks to prompt by the fire the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning. 
You smoke in here.
it online to shame the drivers.
service, the school fire was prevented from Didn’t you see the sign? If you want a
spreading to the neighbouring houses. What the speed of bikes and their mass Adult learners have many (0) characteristics that $)"3"$5&3 cigarette, you go

The government plans to unveil its electoral (7) have done is foster an "7"*-"#-& distinguish them from school or college learners. outside.
later today. attitude of moral (8) : that 461&3*03 Firstly, they come to courses with experiences and 
I get some cash out
because cyclists are so vulnerable, it is everyone (1) in diverse areas. They often prefer ,/08 before the weekend – otherwise I’m
else who should be on the lookout for them. practical learning (2) that enable ACT going to run out.
them to draw on the skills and experience they have
4 Four of these sentences have mistakes
acquired. In the main, adults have  3&"-
Grammar with modal verbs. Correct the mistakes.
aims and have  insights into what 7"-6&
is likely to be successful. In addition to this, they are 
It’s a complicated route – I hope I could
3 Circle the correct alternative in italics in each of the following sentences. find my way back.
(5) able to relate new facts to past 3&"%:

Sonia will call you as soon as she will finish / has finished lunch. experiences and enjoy having their talents explored 
You can find all the information you’ll ever

I’ll do the cooking tonight when everyone else works / is working. in (6) situations. Adults have -&"3/ need on Wikipedia.

It wasn’t until the match was / had been over that he realised he’d strained established opinions and beliefs, which have been 
We’re delighted to inform you that we
a muscle. formed over time through their experience of families, could offer you the post of manager.

I haven’t seen him at all since he is working / has been working there. work, community, or politics. 
At the fourth attempt I could pass my

In future, please don’t call me while I will have / I’m having my supper. driving test. The first three times, I failed

Rory learnt to speak Arabic perfectly when he was working / had worked in A (7) of adults also have intrinsic ."+03 spectacularly.
Cairo. motivation and their effort increases because of their 
If you were a fast reader, you could be

As soon as the teacher has arrived / arrived, we started work. desire to learn. They are also motivated by the able to finish that novel in one evening.

Tracey and Pierre performed together in perfect harmony and while she (8) of the material to be addressed, 3&-&7"/5
played / was playing the piano, he sang in a high tenor voice. and learn better when material is related to their
own needs and interests.

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