CHEMISTRY

for 2nd year Science

Lhit I: Solid State

Cassification of solids based on different binding forces: molecular, ionic, covalent and
metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea). Unit cell in two
dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell, packing in
solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cel, point
defects.
Unit I: Solutions
Types of solutions, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, colligative propertes, relative
lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult's law, elevation of boiling polnt, depression of freezing
point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties,
Abnormal colligative properties (Preliminary idea only).
Unit ll:Electrochemistry
Electrolytes and non-electrolyte conductor, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific
and molar conductivity, variation of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's law,
electrolysis and laws of electrolysis (elementary idea), dry cell electrolytic cells and Galvanic
cells, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potental, Nernst equation and its application to
chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and emf of a cell.
Unit IV: Chemical Kinetics
Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous),. factors affecting rate of reaction:
concentration, temperature, catalyst, order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and
specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half liífe fonly for zero and first order
reactions), concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment),
Activation energy, Arrhenius equation.
Unit V: Surface Chemistry

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Adsorption physisorption and chemiso rption, factors affecting adsorption of gases on

solids, catalysts, colloidal state distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspension;
yophllc, yophobic, multimolecular and macromolecular collolds; properties of colloids;
Tyndall effect Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation, emulsion types of
emulsions.

Unit Vi: General Princlples and Processes of Isolation of Elements

Principles and methods of extraction concentration, oxidation, reduction electrolytic
method and rehning.
Unit Vil: p -Block Elements
Group15 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation
states, trends in physical and chemical properties, nitrogen preparation properties & uses
compounds of nitrogen, preparation and properties of ammonia, oxides of nitrogen
Structure ony); Phosphorus - allotropic fo rms.

Group 16 Elements: General introduction, electronic conñguration, oxidation states,

occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, dioxygen: Preparation, Properties
and uses, dassification of oxides, Ozone, Sulphur allotropic forms; compounds of sulphur:
Preparation properties and uses of sulphur dioxide, sulphuric acid, properties and uses;
oXOacids of suphur (Structures onty).
Group 17 Elements: General introduction, electronic confguration, oxidation states,
occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens, Preparation
properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds, oxoacids of
halogens (structure only).
Group 18 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in
physical and chemical properties, uses.
Unit VIl: d and f Block Elements
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition
metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals metallic character,
onization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic
properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation.
Unit IX: Coordination Compounds
Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic

properties and shapes, lUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds.

Bonding. Werner's theory, VBT and CFT.
Bonding Wermer's theory, VBT and CFT.
Unit X: Haloalkanes and Haloarene

Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C-X bond, preparation from alcohols, halogenations

of alkanes, alkenes, Sandmeyer's reaction, halogen exchange reaction, physical properties
and chemical propertes, nucleophilic substiturdon reactions (unimolecular and bimolecular),
stereochemical effect of substitution reaction, e limination reaction, Electrophilic substitution
reactions (halogen ations, nitration, sulphonation), Friede-Crafts reaction, reaction with
metals (Wurtu Fittig and Fittig reaction), optcal rotation.

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Haloarenes: Nature ot C-X bond, substitution reactions (Directive intluence of halogen in

monasubstituted compounds only.
Unit Xi: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, from alkenes, carbony compounds,
Grignard reagent, phys ical properties and chemical properties (of primary alcohols
only),esterification, reaction with (hydrogen halide, phosphorus trihalide Oxidation
(identification of primary, Secondary and tertary alcohols mechanism of dehydration).
Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation from haloarenes, benzene sulphonic acid,
diazonium salt, cumene, physical properties and chemical properties, acidic nature of
pheno, esterification, Electrophilic aromatic substitution (halogenations, nitration) Reimer
Tiemann reaction, reaction with Zn dust, oxidation.
Ethers :Nomenclature, methods of preparation dehydration of alcohos, Williamson
synthesis, physical properties and chemical properties, formation of alcohols, Electrophilic
substtution (halogenations, nitration, Friedel-Craft reaction.
Uhit Xil : Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxyllc Acids
Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature nature of carbony! group methods of preparation,
from akcohos (oxidation and dehydrogenation), ozonolysis of alkenes, hydration of alkynes,
preparanon of ketones trom acyi chorides and nitries, preparanon ot acetone by Friedel-

Craft acylation reaction, physical propertes and chemical properties, nucleophilic addition
reaction with hydrogen cyanide, sodium hydrogen sulphite, reaction with NH, and NH,G
cmpounds (Hydrazine, hydro amine, semicarbazide, phenyl hydrazine, 2,4-dinitro
phenylhydrazine), alcohol, Grignard reagent, Clemmensen reaction, wolf-kishner reduction,
Fehling's Test, Tollen's Test, haloform reaction, Aldol condensation, Cannizaro's reaction,
special reaction of (formaldehyde with ammonia and acetone with concentrated sulphuric
acid), Electrophilic substitution reactions of aromatic aldehyd es and ketones.
Carboxylk Acids : Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, from primary
alcohols, aldehydes, anhydrides, esters, nitriles and Grignard reagent, preparation of benzoic
acid from toluene and benzanilide, physical properties, chemical properties, reaction with
(metals, alkalies, PCl, PCk, SOCh, NH;) formation of antydride, esterification, reduction,
decarboxylation, Hel-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction. Substitution reaction of benz0 ic acid
(nitration, bromination)
uses.

Uhit Xill: Organic compunds contain ing Nitrogen

Amines: Nomenclature classification, structure, methods of preparation, reduction of
nitrocompounds, nitriles, amides) amonoysls of alkyl halides, Hofimann bromamide
degradation, Gabriel phthalamide synthesis. Physical propertles and chemical proporties,
basic character of amines, alkylation, acylation, carbylamines reaction, identification of
primary, secondary and teritary amines (reaction with nitrous5 acid and arylsulp honyl
chloride. Electrophilic Substituton reactions of aniline thitration, sulphonation,
brominatton). cyanide and isocyanides-willl be mentioned at relevant places In context.
Unit XV: Polymers

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Classification-Natural and synthetic methods of polymerization{addition and

condensanon/co polymerizaton, some important polymers, natural and synthenc Ike
polythene, nylon, polyester, bakelite, rubber, Biodegradable and non-biodegradable
polymers.
Uhit XVI: Chemistry in Everyday life
Chemical in Medicines Angesics, traqulizers antisepticS, disinfectants, antimicrobials,
antifungal, drug, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamines.
polymers.
Unit XVl:ChemistryinEverydaylife
Chemlcal in Medicines- Angesies, traqulizers antiseptics, disinfectants, antimicrobials,
antifungal, drugs, antibiotics, antacids, antihistamincs.
deansing agents -Soap &detergents, cleansing action
 Page 2 of 4

ENGLISH
2nd Year ( No of Period reduced to 58)

UNIT-I: PROSE
i.ii. My Greatest Olympic Prize Jesse Owens
On Examinations Winston S. Churchill
ii. The Portait of a Lady Khushwant Singh
Unit-11: POETRY
i. Daffodils
William Wordsworth
1. The Ballad of Father Gilligan William Butler Yeats
ii. A Psalm of Life Henry W. Longfellow
Unit-1l1: NON DETAlLEDSTUDY
The Doctor's Word RK. Narayan
Mystery of the Missing Cap Manoj Das
ii. . Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish Steve Jobs
Unit-IV: WRITING SKILLS
i. Interpreting Graph, Charts, Tables and diagrams etc

11. Reporting Events and BusinesS Matters

i.. Extended Writing
Unit -V: GRAMMAR
i The Passive
ii.
ii.
Direct and Reported Speech
fnterogatives
iv. Phrasal Verbs

Book Prescribed :/mvitation to English - 1,2.3 & 4, Published by Odisha State

Bureau of Text Book Preparation and Production, Bhubaneswar.
2:09 l k ad LPE88

Modified Svllabus 2020-21

MATHEMATICS (+2 2 year)
Course Structure

UNIT- 1: Relations and Functions

1. Relations and Functios
Types of reaions, refiexive, symmetnc, transive and equvaence relatons. One to
one and onto functions, composite funaions, inverse of function. Binary operations,
. Iaverse irigonometric Funcios

Definition, range, domain, principle value branch.

3. Linear Programming
Introduction, reated taminology such as constrants, objective function, optimization,
different types of linear progamming (LP) problems, mathematical formulation of L.P,
problems, graphical method of solution for problems in two variables

UNIT II:Algebra
Matrices
Concept, notat ion, order, cquality. types of matrices, zero and identty matrix, transpose ofa
matrix, symmetric and skew symmetrc matrices. Operaüon on matrices; Adition and
mulüplication and multiplication with a scalar. Simple properties of addition, multiplication
and scalar muliiplication. Non commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of
non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2).
concept of elementary row and coumn operations
2. Determinants
Deteminant of a square matric (up to 3 *3 matñces). properties of detemminants, minors,
co-factors and applications of deteminants in finding the area ofa triangle, Adjoint and
inverse ofa square matrix. solving system of incar cquzions in twa or three variables
(having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix.

UNIT-II: Differential Caleulus

1. Continuity and Differentia bility
Contimuity and diferentiailny, derivauve of composite functions, chain rule, derivaüves
of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of impicit functions. Cancept of
exponential and logarithmic functions.
Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential funtions. Logarithmic differentiation, derivative
of func tions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivativesNo problems on Mean
Value Theorems.

Page 1 or>

2. Applications of Derivatives
Applications of derivatives: increasing and decreasing functions, tangents and normals, , max ima
and minima (first derivative test motivale geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable
tool). Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real-
life sinaalions).
UNIT-IV Integral Calculus
.
Integrals
Integration as inverse prcess of differentiation. Intogration ofa variety of functions by
substitution, by parial fractions nd by parts, Evaluatiom of simple integrals of the
blowing ypes and prbblems based on them.

- bxc

J d . Va' +xdt.

Fundamental Theorem of Cakulus (wthout proof). Basic properties of definite

integrals and evahuation ofdefinite integals.
2. Applications of the Integrals
2:09 99 8 o d LE 88

Page 1 of

2. Applications of Derivatives
Applications of derivatives : , incrcasing and decrcasing functions, tangents and normals, , maxima
and minma (first derivative lest moivalce geomctncaly and second deri vative iest grven as a provable
tool), Sinple problems (thal ilustrale basic principles and nderstanding of the subject as well as real-
fesituations).
UNIT-IV Integral Calculus
In tegrals
integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration ofa variety of functions by
substitution, by partial factions md by parts, Evaluation of simple integmals of the
fblowing types and problems based on them

bx

d .

d.fva
bxo x'ds.
Fundamental Thcorem of Cakulus (without proof). Basic properties of definite
ntegals and evahuation ofdefinite iniegnls.
2. Applieations of the Integrals
Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, circles/parabolas
ellipses (in standard form only). Arca between any of the two above said curves (the
rgion should be clearly identfiable)
3. Differential
Equntio s.
Defintion, order and degree. general and particular solutions of a differential cquation.
Formation of di fferential equation whose general solution is given. Solution of differential
equations by method of separation of variables, solutions of homoganeous differential
equations of first order and first degroe. Solutions of linear differential equation of the type:

P y q . where p and q are functions ofr or constats.

d

UNIT- V: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

vectors

Vectors and scalars, magnil ude and drection of a veclor. Direction cosines and direct ion ratios
ot a vec or. 1ypes o vectos (equal, un.,. zero. paral le l and coli ne ar vectors), poson vector o
pont, negali ve ot a ve lor, compo nents o a vector, axdituon of vectors, tmuluiplication ol a
vector by a scalar. position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Definition,
Geometrical Interpretaion. properties and applicat ion of scalar (do) product of vectors, vector
(cross) product of vectors

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2. Three- dimensional Geometry

Directoon cosines and diredion ratios of linejoining two
a
pomts
vetor cquation of a line, coplanar and skew lnes, shortest atbetween two lines.
distnce
Cartesian and vector equaion ofa pane. Distance ofa point from a plane.

Books Recommended
Bureau's Higher Secondary (*2) Elements of Malhematics, Part-iI, Published by Odisha
State Bureau of Text Book Preparation and Producion, Bhubaneswar.
 Biology
2nd Year Science
Theory
I. Reproduction

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure;

Development of male andfemale gametophytes, Pollination-types,
agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices;Pollen-Pistil interaction;
Double fertilization; Post fertilization events Development ofendosperm
and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special
modesapomixis.parthe nocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and
fruit formation.
b. Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems;
Microscopic anatomyof testis and Ovary:Gametogenesis
spermatogenesis&00genesis: Menstrual cycle;Fertilisation, embryo
development upto blastocyst formation, implantation, Pregnancyand
placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea);
Lactation (Elemntary idea). (10)
Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of
sexually transmitteddisecases (STD); Birth control- Nocd and Methods,
Contraception and Medical Terminationof Pregnancy (MTP)
Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies -IVE,
ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness). (08)

3 of9

II. Genetics and Evolution (Periods 20)

a. Heredity and Variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from
Mendelism-Incompletedominane, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and
Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy:Elementary idea of polygenic
inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance;Chromosomes and genes;
Linkage and crossing over.
b. SexX determination- In humans, birds, honey bee; Sex_ linked
inheritanee Haemophilia,Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in
humans Thalasemia: Chromosomal disorders in humans- Down's
syndrome, Turner's and Klinefelter's syndromes. (04)
c. Molecular Basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and
DNA as geneticmaterial; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging;
DNA replication, Central dogma; Transeription, Genetic code
Translation; Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon; Genome and
human genome project; DNA finger printing.
d. Deleted
II. Biology and Human Welfare (Periods 08)
a health and Disease: Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases

(Malaria, Filariasis,Ascariasis, Typhoid, Pneumonia, commoncold,

amoebiasis, ring wom); Basic conceptsof immunology- vaccines;
Cancer, HlV and AlDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse. (04)
b. Improvement in food production:
i), Biofortification;
i)
c. Microbes in human welfare: In householkd food processing, industrial
production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents
and biofertilizers.
IV. and
Biotechnology its Applications (Periods 08)
a Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering

(Recombinant DNAtechnology). (04)

b. Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human
insulin and vaccineproduction, gene therapy; Genetically modified
organisms- Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues- Biopiracy
and patents. (04)
V. Ecology and environment (Periods 12)
a Organisms and environemnt: Habitat and niche; Population and
ecological adaptations;population inleractions-mulualism, competition,
predation, parasitism; Populationattributes-growth, birth rate and death
ate, age distribution.
b. Deleted
c. Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns
of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity,
 DNA Central
eplicalon, dogma, iranseription, Gnetic
Translation; Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon; Genome and

human genome project; DNA finger printing.

d. Deleted
HI. Biology and Human Welfare (Periods 08)
& health and Disease: Pathogens; parasites causing human discases
(Malaria, Flariasis,Ascariasis, Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold,
amoebiasis, ring wom); Basic conceptsof immunology- vaccines;
Cancer, HIV and AlDs; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse. (04)
b. Improvement in food production:
1), Biofortification;
)
c. Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial
prodhiction, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents
and biofertilizers.
IV. Biotechnology and its Applications (Periods 08)
Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering
(Recombinant DNAtechnology). (04)
b. Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human
insulin and vaccineproduction, gene therapy: Genetically modified
rganisms- Bt erops; TraRSgenie Animas; Biosafery issuies- BiapiAey
and patents. (04)
V. Ecology and environment (Periods 12)
a Organisms and environem nt: Habitat and niche; Population and
ccological adaptations;population interactions-mutualism, competition,
predation, parasitism; Populationattributes-growth, birnh rate and death
rate, age distribution.
b. Deleted
e Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns
of Biodiversity;Importance of Biodiversity: Loss of Biodiversity,

Page 4 of 9