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Lesson 1 - Random Variable

The document defines random variables as measurable outcomes of chance events, providing examples such as tossing coins and drawing balls from a basket. It discusses the classification of random variables into discrete and continuous types and includes activities for determining possible values and probability distributions. Additionally, it explains the concepts of independent and dependent probabilities in the context of drawing cards with and without replacement.

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16 views28 pages

Lesson 1 - Random Variable

The document defines random variables as measurable outcomes of chance events, providing examples such as tossing coins and drawing balls from a basket. It discusses the classification of random variables into discrete and continuous types and includes activities for determining possible values and probability distributions. Additionally, it explains the concepts of independent and dependent probabilities in the context of drawing cards with and without replacement.

Uploaded by

imdazzlyn21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as KEY, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STATISTICS AND

PROBABILITY
RANDOM VARIABLES AND PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

ROLEA-LYN S. ASIROT
SUBJECT TEACHER
DEFINITION OF RANDOM VARIABLE

A random variable is a result of chance of event, that you can


measure or count.
Numerical quantity that is assigned to the outcome of an
experiment.
Quantitative variable whch values depends on change.
We use capital letters to represent a random variable.
Tossed two coins and
determine the number of tails
that will come out.
H H
H
COIN 1
List of sample space H
T T

T
H H
COIN
2 T
T
T
H
H
LIST OF
OUTCOMES OR
List of sample space H
SAMPLE SPACE
T

T
H

T
T
S
=
{H
ListH,
of sample space
HT,
TH,
TT
}

The value of the random variable T (number of tails) are 0,


1, and 2.
A basket contains 10 red balls and 4 white balls. If
three balls are taken from the basket one after the
other, determine the possible values of the random
variable R representing the number of red balls.
10 Red 4 White
Balls Balls
RR RR
R W
RR RR RW
R W R
RR RR RW WR
R W R R
WW
R
S = {RRR, RRW, RWR,
WRR, WWR, WRW, RWW,
WWW
List of sample space

The value of the random variable R (number of red balls)


are 0, 1, 2, and 3.
A pair of dice is rolled. Let X be the
random variable representing the sum of
the number of dots on the top faces. Find
the random variable X.
(6, =
3) 9

List of sample space

Firs Secon
t d die
die

A pair of dice is rolled. Let X be the random


variable representing the sum of the number
of dots on the top faces. Find the random
variable X.
2 3

List of sample space


List of sample space

The value of the random variable X (sum of the number of


dots) are 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12.
DEFINITION OF RANDOM VARIABLE

A random variable is a result of chance of event, that you can


measure or count.
Numerical quantity that is assigned to the outcome of an
experiment.
Quantitative variable whch values depends on change.
ACTIVITY FOR RANDOM VARIABLE

Determine the possible values of random variable.


1. Let X be. Random variable representing the number of tails which
occur in tossing 3 coins.
2. Three strips of colored paper are drawn without replacement from a
box containing 4 red and 5 yellow strips. Let Q be a random variable
representing the number of red strips
3. A box containing 8 lightbulbs of which 3 are defectives. Three bulbs
are chosen and tested at random. Let B denote the number of
defective bulbs.
RANDOM VARIABLE

A randm variable is a result of chance of event, that you can


measure or count.
Numerical quantity that is assigned to the outcome of an
experiment.
Quantitative variable whch values depends on change.
ACTIVITY FOR DISCRETE AND
CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIABLE
Classify the following as discrete or continuous random variable. Write
D if it is discrete and C if continuous before each number.
1. The number of heads tossing 5 coins.
2. The height of mango seedling.
3.The weight of grade 11 students in a certain year.
4. The number of teachers in Talavera Senior High School.
5. The amount of gasoline consumed in one-hour travel.
PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION OF THE RANDOM
VARIABLE
Determine the random variable that tails will come out.
PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION OF THE RANDOM
VARIABLE
Let Random variable T be the number of Tails

Number
of Tails
that
might
appear
PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION OF THE RANDOM
VARIABLE
Let Random variable T be the number of Tails

PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION ∑ P(X)
P(X) ≥
0 = 1
1 ≥ P(X)
∑ P(T) = 1/4 + 2/4 + ≥0
1/4 = 1
A bag contains 3 red balls and 4 green balls.
Write down the probability distribution for R,
where R is the number of balls chosen when
2 balls are picked without replacement.
A bag contains 3 red balls and 4 green balls. Write down the
probability distribution for R, where R is the number of balls
chosen when 2 balls are picked without replacement.
2/
3/ 6 R R =
7
R 4/ R 3/
6 G R =
7 3/7 × 4/6 =
3/ G G 12/42
×
4/ 6 G =
2/ 4/7 × 3/6 =
7 G R 12/42
6
3/ R G = 4/7 × 3/6 =
6
G 12/42
6/
42
A bag contains 3 red balls and 4 green balls. Write down the
probability distribution for R, where R is
Probabilitythe number of balls
chosen when 2 balls are picked without replacement.
Distribution of
Random Variable R
R = 3/7 × 2/6 =
R
R 6/42
= 3/7 × 4/6 =
G 12/42
= 4/7 × 3/6 =
R
G 12/42
= 4/7 × 3/6 =
G 12/42
Two cards are drawn succesively with
replacement from a deck of 52 cards. Find
the probability distribution of the number
of Kings.
Key terms:
Without replacement: Dependent -
Probabilities DO affect one another
With replacement: Independent -
Probabilities DO NOT affect one
another

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