12 TUPLES

qu I d t.l t p thc1t
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v p 11 11 d hy com l'll1lat
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tuple()

Fig. 9.3: A Tuple 1n Python

re called its lemrnts Tuples c11lows duphcdte v 1

,1 lJes 11
· 'eltie.,
type they can he heterogcncou,;, , r, of differe111 data ,,
r th omm sep 1rc1tl'd sequence of values d t;, 11
ecl,iteu
ll~lng
lu 1 • • • • V d .L u
n l

we have d tuple named 'Fruits', with three clements as ,v1c1ngo

l•. A
ment 111 a tuple are addressed using the11 111dex value. The IIHI ' PPle
ex Value or

d1 , nee betw en hsts and tuples are: Lists ,ire enclosed withi
n squar
.and their elements and size can be changed, while tuples a1 c enclosed e
wnh,n
( ) nd cannot be updated Tuple-. can be thoug I1t of as read-only lists.
u ble , e we cannot change the elements of a tuple in place. This ineans We
rm m ert update and delete operatlons on them. That 1s why tuples •ate faster
nt than hsts

uh~ but mt!m~r obJect~ may be mutable

EumpJ 1

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 l'i a comma ep rat d II t rval
I I I I I I I I t I
I I

I I

lie co111Pme'i a !ltngle element, the el mrnt ho Id

IJ tlll cd 1,y c1 1.,ommd to d1 ltngui,h a tupl e fr m ,1
I 110W pit
1 be fo izcd cxpr l'.Ss1on.
c11thCS Ide ,ty
par vinga~111glcelement1sal oknowna sin"' to
It' 11a .-e n df tt.d
Att111
1
tllP1eies bein g immutable, an attempt t modlfy an element of a tuple yields an ,rror, °
11.1P in r,ig. 9.4.
I 11own fi tup,110,2,
3S S ,401
I;» t~pl21•100

» tupl•l10,20,l0,40,14,:l,61J
>» tupl( 4II 11 •SOO
>>> t.ipl
no, 20. 30, 40, 14, so, i11

l
)))

Fig. 9.4: Modifying a Tuple Element Generate\ an Error

mutable but tuple 1s immutable So, iterating through a tuple 15 fHter ,s compared to I I t
c1'.a,ust
"' ,sdata that 1s not require d to be changed, then storing this data 1n • tuple will ensure thlt t
t,ave
r..vt ed acc1denta 1ly.
~otctian9 -~~~--
1\1'
. an clement ol a tuple is of mutable type, e!/, a hst, then we can modify that element
"owl'VCI, I
1

TUPLE CREATION
g,3 . enclosed in parentheses/round brackets ( J for c:1 eatwn and each item ,s separatedbY
Atuple is Round brackets indicate the start and end of the tuple. 1 he syntax to create a rupIe I
acomma.
syntax: Tup=()
Tup =(value 1, value2 ......... value n)

For example,
•upl {'compsc', 'infoprdcticc-s', 2::!I, .O ~,
, uP'- ,. ( 1 , 11 , .: 2 , 4 4 )
The above construct is known as tuple display construct.
1 ruo:e w1 th mixed da tel • ypes
>'> 'IIY tupl (l, "He.lo", 1 .4)
>'> print (1cy ~up
,, 'Hello', j,4)

ltuplehav.n s•r.nJw
•hi +-1ip ('dpplE ', 'b n,ni', ' t •r ')
> Pnnt(th1stJr::e)
,, pi,.e', 't r, ', 'crerry')

CTM: Indexing of tuple 1s Just like indexing of hst

pty t pl u n1 fun t on tuple( J

n nln1 ln,c v.1lu u mg function tuple()

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Access1NG AND TRAVERSING ATUPLE

95,. ,~ a scqul'nce of values which can be of any typ and th y
\ 111Plc 1,1kC IJslS, Lhet e could be pos11tve indexing like 0, 1 2 3 or ne at an
~er
! 11 J ,.., ctC,
2,
2
0 3 4 5
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'°""" ...

-~--
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 IO ,0

tuple/
-9 -8 -7 ·6 -5 ·4 -3 -2 -1

du,il elellll'llt::. of a tuple can be accessed through their indexes g v n

10J1VI •.
'fhe s shown in l•1g. 9.5.
rackets a
D of Otuple can he .iccesscd us111g an indexing method
Elernents
·ndices start at O.
fupIe 1
e index must be .1 positive or negative mteger value or .in expression wh ch e
"hetupl
egcr value. Positive value of index means counting forward from begmn ng ft tuple
10 an in l
and negative value means counting backward from end of the tuple

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tl•(l0,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90)
tl(O)

tl[S)

tl(-5)

Fig. 9.5: Accessing a Tuple El ment

 eacll eleaent or a tuple one after the 0 th
,......,. orwltl•loop er •tu..
l. ...........rtll ...........
.,_. loop Iterate, each element of a tuple in seq
uenc, '
n
In die llaow pl'Olhirn. the loop variable '1' shall be assigned the tuple elements
The loop ...-table 'f will be assigned 'p' in the first 1terat1on and, hence . , one ata tirn
' P gets e
dart, nth second iteration, 'y' gets accessed and printed. This proce ss cont Printed
1
all die elements of the tuple 'tup' are accessed and displayed. nuest,1l

.,.... raaae(J flllldlon

Ulce II tuples also can be created using range(J function .

..
.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _._.o
l.n:I Cot4 h

When the a de gets executed, loop variable 'i' will be assigned values from oto n-t
I~ S In the nt 1terat1on It will pnnt tup(OJ, i.e., 'p' then tup{l J, 1.e., 'y' and so on up 1~
tup(S) .e n

CGIIIIII TUPLE OPERATIONS

Ang el e works With tuple as 1t did with lists, hke indexing, getting the length, etc. All
common sequence operation are available with tuples also.

Tuple.index(elem)

Tuple(range]

Tuplel +Tuple2

Tuple••

Tuple.count(elem)

,._ ,.1: Common Tuple Operations

~ tbe starting point
tbe stopping point, wblcll
15
: If di• steP s~ze-also Iman
tf01 ,dl fir51 index. slice starll
01
; pe1au11 ..I•• or step Is 1.
,,-"er. it includes the first
11ae first value in a tuple ts at
dfllbtnation with square brackets D

11
tuple1

»> tuplal • Cit

>>> tuple1[5:J '
(60, 70, 80, ,0)
>>>

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1 (2: ]

[ : ]
 _,

•r

-1 as the step value, but the

. .ii111Mllat' lndudes
e-=t aD the elements from the tuple, Starting
flam, the above shce range will reverse the

elements from a tuple by changing the

 II AdDn•u11111u111,aurn1t1on
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f,! v,;s you to 1nin/conratenat
al 1" e two tu pI
'rv1 ~ll(1
er11t11r·.
, oP 1 , ,, , l , 4 ) an bt added to a tuple uS1n1
f (

,.: c.. 6, 7, 8 )
( J ,

. g two tuples to form a new tuple

~"' Yt,,n,n
c,1fll
, ,< + y
, z )
' · nt ( Z
p!l.
~..... J 4 , S, 6, I , 8)
2 I I

•' se •+' operator with tuple sll 1

,art u ce a so.
foll l ( 1, 2 , 3 , 4 }
'ttlP
,., ir1:3J+(S , 6 )
, .. , t1JP
" 3, 5, 6)
,.. , 2 ' c.1 ', 4 )
..i- ( 1, I
',:;, ~ l [-3 : -1] +t..., [ ol #
will give erro
,:;,'7 t i< ( r . n+- 1l , ': as you arr. +-

i.' 4'> ", l'1 l, ,

" f ',
1[ l

r: ri n 1 y ·on ·r.1 n

'+' operator performs concatenation with tup es only.

)>> t 1 [ _ 3 : -1 ~ + ( t 1 [ Ol , l
~
1
, ' a', 1 )
CTM: We can only add tuple to a tuple.
-~~------11----------- -----'
NOTE: A single value included in () is treated a a single value and not as a tuple So. tf you
write (10) and ('a'), they are treated as integer nd string respectively But rf they are given
as (10,) and ('a',), these elements are treated as t pies with single element

9.6.3 Tuple Multiplication/Repetition

The multiplication operator(*) is used for repeti ·on of the tuple.

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>>> X • (1,2,3,4)
>>> z • x•2
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(1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4)
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>>> ( ' V ' ' , ) • 4 ,,.,.,, 'I I' I
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 pp I in thl: tupl , oth rwtse
~

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4 6 I

unllk II t tuples do not support methods such as apl>end()

rt nd pop() since all these operations require modifications to~
ot p rmnted
V r. lUp with veral built-in methods wl11lh a1 e as follows:

len(): Thi rn the I ngth of a tuple, ,.c., count the total number of elementstn
a tupl

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e the tuple 't' holds values of different types. 11111()

sine s work only with elements of same data lJpl.
tunct1on

Pyt
461 1-= v.uoe u Ill
Type "ccpyr1t11t•, .......
inforaatiOD.
>» 1 • 11, 2, , ••• II
>> t IMIIIII
~
(I))

p
1'■11i. --o ... ..ea() • • • .., . . c11a...-n •• • atrtna • •• baata
..,,,., ....1. . th t dlff r.nt characte Of ta....
, ... tla~~

chara r of RAHUL: and 'RAM' are same so

rll,■r:arl'9r and will rt-turn RAM a output ' it ""•II c0 ..._
·••p~t~
um of the elements of the tuple

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mt mput n numbers from the user, store these numbers 1n a tuple and
Print th
um number along with the sum and mean of all the elements from th e
,. '

- .
.- ....ii. .. ,.- ◄

- "
a..- is tuple
.

••
• ....r• • __,.r• •(ma,)
 --
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...,...,_,._
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,-ttd() ed to sort the elements of a tuple ft return a lilt altar 10f11111.

fO () 1S us
reed
so ,,,pie,
fo' etO ( , ' 4, , , ' I
' c,rted (
71 2 , , 4, , , ' 7I
1 , __........
'ting that the return type 1s a list and not a tuple The sequence n the ur....-,
rth no
is \.,,o . t changed and the data type of 'a' remains tuple
ft ' ' is no
ruPle ;i

• illdexO tion finds the first index of a given Item and returns the Index.
u1de"() func
0 tax:
SY index (va~ue.: , sta r t , end)
tUP1e .
t and end are two optional parameters for the start and end of the tuple 1
ttere, star
inde>'•

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10,20,30,30,20,10,10,40,50,C 0,10
10 C
20 2
'JO 2
40 2
SO l
I
1 he abovC' program c.ounts the frequency of each element in a tuple. This is achi
. . eveu h
two hu1lt-111 functions available for tuple, ,.e., count() and index(). First, the input f Ylls1ng
elements 1-; fetched from the user using list comprehension, where each element or tup1~
I is ace eptec
t lrough input() c1nd each element 1s separated using split() and comma as the sepa
d . rator ihes,
In 1v1dual elements separated are stored as list elements, which are further conv
tuple b,> uc;,mg tuplel). ertect toa

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. ent in the
tuple r c1ch oc.currence of an element is counted usmg count(e) and for next iteration the.
tnde.x_ 1
1s mcremented by l and hence the output 1s so obtained.

Pr ut1c I lmi11cmenldllon-7
Program to perform linear search on a tuple of numbers.

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6)

lag•
~ n(Tuple)):
Tuple(1J •• n:

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la Cote
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~p~ two tupk by u mg ro
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rrue Wlllt
tupl• (1, 2, 3) _. ...,........_
>>> tup2• fl.0,2 .0,3.0)
,.,.,. tupl••tup2
:,,>>
-r rue
Lat c.11,
(1, 2, 31
,>> tup!
(:C , L I
,>> tup2
>>> tupl tup2
-;rue

LETING ATUPLE
g8DE
· ternent is used to delete a tuple
rhe del sta
. . , .. 11111~ ..... - . . . _
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(l, 2, 3)
>>> tup
>>> r t (tup)
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;,, d • ( ) ,-nt_l'tf_~~-~~•
,,,,,, dictl• ( 1·•
,,,,,, t (dictl)
('ll': 'll,I DJ', 'I'
,,,,,,

1111 second example, 'R', S', 'W' •

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