ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS

LEVEL - 1

1. Question: The probability of nucleus to decay in two mean lives is.

Options:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
Answer: (b)
Solution:

.
Probability of undecayed nuclei
Probability of decayed nuclei

2. Question: A sample of radioactive material decays simultaneously by two processes A and B

with half-lives hr and hr respectively. For first half hr it decays with the process A, next
one hr with the process B and for further half an hour with both A and B. If originally there were
nuclei, find the number of nuclei after 2 hr of such decay.
Options:
(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
Answer: (a)
Solution:

After Ist half hour

to [1 hr interval]

. [1 hr = 4 half lives]

to [A and B together]

half-lives .

3. Question: The number of photons that strike per second on a totally 30°
reflecting screen (as shown in figure), so that a force of 1N is exerted on the screen, is
approximately.

Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (b)
Solution:

Change in momentum of 1 photon

Force applied
Let, n photons strike per second.
Total force applied

Now

4. Question: Photoelectric effect is the phenomenon in which.

Options:
(a) Photons come out of a metal when it is hit by a beam of electrons
(b) Photons come out of the nucleus of an atom under the action of an electric field
(c) Electrons come out of metal with a constant velocity depending on frequency and intensity of
incident light
(d) Electrons come out of a metal with different velocity not greater than a certain value which
depends only on the frequency of the incident light wave and not on its intensity
Answer: (d)
Solution:

Hence, velocity of electron depends on frequency of incident radiation not on intensity.

5. Question: When an electromagnetic radiation is incident on the surface of metal, maximum
kinetic energy of photoelectron depends on.
Options:
(a) Frequency of radiation
(b) Intensity of radiation
(c) Both the frequency and intensity
(d) Polarization of radiation
Answer: (a)
Solution:

frequency of radiation.

6. Question: Which one of the following is true in photoelectric emission.

Options:
(a) Photoelectric current is directly proportional to the amplitude of light of a given frequency
(b) Photoelectric current is directly proportional to the intensity of light of a given frequency
above threshold value
(c) Above the threshold frequency, the maximum K.E.
of photoelectrons is inversely proportional to the frequency of incident light
(d) The threshold frequency depends upon the wavelength of incident light
Answer: (b)
Solution:
As intensity of radiation changes, the number of photons incident changes. As each photon can
eject only one electron from metal surface, that means the number of electrons eject will also
change hence, photocurrent changes.

7. Question: The maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted from a surface when
photons of energy 6 eV fall on it is 4 eV. The stopping potential in volts is.
Options:
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 10
Answer: (b)
Solution:

.
8. Question: Light of two different frequencies whose photons have energies of 1 eV and 2.5 eV
are incident one by one on a metal surface of work function 0.5 eV. The ratio of maximum
energies of emitted electrons will be.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (a)
Solution:

9. Question: The work functions of tungsten and sodium are 5.06 eV and 2.53 eV respectively.
If the threshold wavelength for sodium is then the threshold wavelength for the
tungsten will be.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (d)
Solution:

10. Question: The stopping potential necessary to reduce the photoelectric current to zero.
Options:
(a) Is directly proportional to wavelength of incident light
(b) Uniformly increases with the wavelength of incident light
(c) Directly proportional to frequency of incident light
(d) Uniformly increases with the frequency of incident light
Answer: (d)
Solution:

stopping potential
frequency of light.

11. Question: Graph is plotted between maximum kinetic energy of electron with

frequency of incident photon in Photoelectric effect. The slope of curve will be.
Options:
(a) Charge of electron
(b) Work function of metal
(c) Planck’s constant
(d) Ratio of Planck constant and charge of electron
Answer: (c)
Solution:

Slope .

12. Question: The maximum energy of the electrons released in a photocell is independent of.
Options:
(a) Frequency of incident light
(b) Intensity of incident light
(c) Nature of cathode surface
(d) None of these
Answer: (b)
Solution:

frequency of radiation
Work function (depends on surface, nature of metal).

13. Question: Photoelectric effect takes place in elements A. Its work function 2.5 eV and
threshold wavelength are . Another element B is having work function of 5 eV. Then find
wavelength that can produce photoelectric effect in B.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (a)
Solution:

14. Question: When a certain metallic surface is illuminated with monochromatic light of
wavelength the stopping potential for photoelectric current is . When the same surface
is illuminated with the light of wavelength the stopping potential is The threshold
wavelength of this surface for photoelectric effect is.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:

Solving (1) and (2)

15. Question: A photoelectric cell is illuminated by a point source of light 1 m away.

When the source is shifted to 2m then.
Options:
(a) Each emitted electron carries one quarter of the initial energy
(b) Number of electrons emitted is half the initial number
(c) Each emitted electron carries half the initial energy
(d) Number of electrons emitted is a quarter of the initial number
Answer: (d)
Solution:
No. of photo electrons emitted per sec Intensity.

to

to .

16. Question: A photo sensitive metallic surface has work function . If photons of energy
fall on this surface, the electrons come out with a maximum velocity of .
When the photon energy is increased to then maximum velocity of photoelectrons will
be.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (d)
Solution:

17. Question: The half-life of the radioactive radon is 3.8 days. The time, at the end of which
1/20th of the radon sample will remain undecayed, is (given ).
Options:
(a) 3.8 day
(b) 16.5 day
(c) 33 day
(d) 76 day
Answer: (b)
Solution:
day

Initial no of atoms
After time

18. Question: In a photoelectric experiment, with light of wavelength the fastest electron has

speed . If the wavelength is changed to the speed of the fastest emitted electron will
become.
Options:

(a)

(b)

(c) Less than

(d) Greater than

Answer: (d)
Solution:
 .

19. Question: 1.5 mW of 400 nm light is directed at a photoelectric cell. If 0.10% of the incident
photons produce photoelectrons, the current in the cell is.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (b)
Solution:

Let n be no of photons

no. of photoelectrons

No. of photo electrons

20. Question: Let be the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted by a light of
wavelength and corresponding to . If then.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:

21. Question: In a photoelectric experiment, electrons are ejected from metals X and Y by light
of intensity I and frequency f. The potential difference V required to stop the electrons is
measured for various frequencies. If Y has a greater work function than X; which one of the
following graphs best illustrates the expected results.
Options:
(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
Answer: (a)
Solution:

22. Question: The De-Broglie waves are associated with moving particles. These particles may
be.
Options:
(a) Electrons
(b) He+, Li2+ ions
(c) Cricket ball
(d) All of these
Answer: (d)
Solution:
All of the above.

23. Question: Which of the following statements is wrong.

Options:
(a) De–Broglie waves are probability waves and there is no physical existence of these
(b) De–Broglie wavelength of a moving particle is inversely proportional to its momentum
(c) Wave nature is associated with atomic particles only.
(d) In general wave nature of matter is not observed
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Wave nature is associated with all the particles (all matters) according to de-Broglie’s hypothesis.

24. Question: Two particles have identical charges. If they are accelerated through
identical potential differences, then the ratio of their De-Broglie wavelength would be.
Options:
(a)
(b)

(c)

(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:

[q and V are identical].

25. Question: Linear momenta of a proton and an electron are equal. Relative to an electron.
Options:
(a) Kinetic energy of proton is more
(b) De-Broglie wavelength of proton is more
(c) De-Broglie wavelength of proton is less
(d) De-Broglie wavelength of proton and electron are equal
Answer: (d)
Solution:

if .

26. Question: The wavelength of De-Broglie waves associated with neutrons at room
temperature T K is.
Options:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:

Now we have,

27. Question: Light coming from a discharge tube filled with hydrogen falls on the cathode of
the photoelectric cell. The work function of the surface of cathode is . Which one of the
following values of the anode voltage (in volt) with respect to the cathode will likely to make the
photocurrent zero?
Options:
(a) –4
(b) –6
(c) –8
(d) –10
Answer: (d)
Solution:

For H-atom, it can provide a maximum of 13.6 eV of energy by exciting its electron.

28. Question: If elements with principal quantum number were not allowed in nature, the
number of possible elements would be.
Options:
(a) 60
(b) 32
(c) 4
(d) 64
Answer: (a)
Solution:
For number of elements
=2
Total element to .

29. Question: If energy is required to ionize the hydrogen atom, then the energy
required to remove an electron from is.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:

for H-atom

30. Question: The diagram shown the energy levels for an electron in a certain atom. Which
transition shown represents the emission of a photon with the most energy.

Options:
(a) III
(b) IV
(c) I
(d) II
Answer: (a)
Solution:
For

is maximum.

31. Question: Which of the following transitions in hydrogen atoms emit photons of highest
frequency.
Options:
(a) n = 2 to n = 6
(b) n = 6 to n = 2
(c) n = 2 to n = 1
(d) n = 1 to n = 2
Answer: (c)
Solution:

For Hydrogen Z=1

is max.

32. Question: The wave number of the series limit of Lyman series is.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (a)
Solution:

for H-atom

Series limit .
33. Question: An energy of 24.6 eV is required to remove one of the elections from a neutral
helium atom. The energy (In eV) required to remove both the electrons form a neutral helium is.
Options:
(a) 38.2
(b) 49.2
(c) 51.8
(d) 79.0
Answer: (d)
Solution:
When first electron is removed for He atom it will become H-like atom.

Ionization energy

for ionizations is emitted from to .

I.E.

I.E.
Energy required to remove both the
.

34. Question: A photon was absorbed by a hydrogen atom in its ground state, and the electron
was prompted to the fifth orbit. When the excited atom returned to its ground state, visible and
other quanta were emitted. In this process, how many maximum spectral
lines could be obtained.
Options:
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 5
(d) 10
Answer: (d)
Solution:

Total lines = 10.

35. Question: In Bohr’s atom the number of De-Broglie waves associated with an electron
moving in nth permitted orbit is.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (a)
Solution:

radius of nth orbit

de-Broglie wavelength of electron in that orbit.

36. Question: The , X-ray emission line of tungsten occurs at nm. The energy
difference between K and L levels in this atom is about.
Options:
(a) 0.51 MeV
(b) 1.2 MeV
(c) 59 keV
(d) 13.6 eV
Answer: (c)
Solution:
line to shell electron transfer

37. Question: Which of the following are the character tics required for the target to produce
X-rays.
Options:
(a) Atomic number: Low; Melting point: point
(b) Atomic number: Hight; Melting point: High
(c) Atomic number: Hight; Melting point: point
(d) Atomic number: High; Melting point: Low
Answer: (b)
Solution:
Usually, target is tungsten W High atomic number and high melting point.
High energized electrons are bombarded, and they produce rigorous heating of anode (target)
hence, high melting point is required.
High atomic number Larger number of electrons.

38. Question: The wavelength of -line for an element of atomic number 43 is . Then the
wavelength of line for an element of atomic number 29 is.
Options:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:
line to

39. Question: The wavelength of X-rays of two metals and are and

respectively, where is Rydberg constant. The number of elements lying between

and according to their atomic number is.
Options:
(a) 3
(b) 6
(c) 5
(d) 4
Answer: (d)
Solution:

For line

Metal A:

Metal B:
4 elements lie between A and B.

40. Question: On operating an X-ray tube at 1 kV. X-rays of minimum wavelength are
produced. If the tube is operated at 10 kV, then the minimum wavelength of X-rays produced
will be.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (a)
Solution:

41. Question: The production of characteristic X-rays is due is.

Options:
(a) Transfer of momentum in collision of electrons with the target atom
(b) Transfer of energy in collision of electrons with the target atom
(c) The transition of electrons in heavy target atoms from high to low energy level
(d) None of these
Answer: (c)
Solution: The production of characteristic X-rays is due is the transition of electrons in heavy
target atoms from high to low energy level
42. Question: Characteristic X-rays are not obtained in the spectrum of H-atom because.
Options:
(a) Hydrogen is a gas
(b) Hydrogen is very light
(c) Energy difference in energy levels of hydrogen is much less
(d) Energy difference in energy levels of hydrogen is much high
Answer: (c)
Solution:

Energy levels of H – atom is very close so very less energy difference but x-Rays are high
energetic so they can not be obtained in it-like atom.

43. Question: Assuming that 200 MeV of energy is released per fission of atom. Find
the number of fissions per second required to release 1 kW power.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (a)
Solution:
Power required
Energy released in fission

Let no. of fissions per second.

Energy released/sec.

.
44. Question: Per nucleon energy of and nucleus is 5.60 MeV and 7.06 MeV, then

in energy released by.

Options:
(a) 29.6 MeV
(b) 2.4 MeV
(c) 8.4 MeV
(d) 17.3 MeV
Answer: (d)
Solution:

.
45. Question: The mass of proton is 1.0073 and that of neutron is 1.0087 ( = atomic

mass unit).The binding energy of is: -

[Given helium nucleus mass ].
Options:
(a) 0.0305 J
(b) 0.0305 erg
(c) 28.4 MeV
(d) 0.061
Answer: (c)
Solution:

46. Question: The binding energy of deuteron is 2.2 MeV and the of is 28 MeV. If two

deuterons are fused to form one, then the energy released is.
Options:
(a) 23.6 MeV
(b) 19.2 MeV
(c) 30.2 MeV
(d) 25.8 MeV
Answer: (a)
Solution:
energy
Energy released

47. Question: In a decay the Kinetic energy of particle is 48 MeV and Q-value of the
reaction is 50 MeV. The mass number of the mother nucleus is:-
(Assume that daughter nucleus is in ground state)
Options:
(a) 96
(b) 100
(c) 104
(d) None of these
Answer: (b)
Solution:

value

Mass no. of mother nuclei is 100.

48. Question: when a neutron is disintegrated, it gives.

Options:
(a) One proton, one electron and one anti neutrino
(b) One positron, one electron and one neutrino
(c) One proton, one positron and one neutrino
(d) One proton, rays and one neutrino
Answer: (a)
Solution:
.

49. Question: If then number of disintegrated atoms between to

will be.
Options:

(a)

(b)
(c)
(d) None of these
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Initially

After time

After time
So decayed from to

50. Question: The half life of a radioactive element is 30 days, in 90 days the percentage of
disintegrated part is.
Options:
(a) 13.5%
(b) 46.5%
(c) 87.5%
(d) 90.15%
Answer: (c)
Solution:
After 90 days, the disintegrated percent

51. Question: The half life of a radioactive element is 10 days. If the mass of the specimen
reduces to 1/10th then the time taken is.
Options:
(a) 100 days
(b) 50 days
(c) 33 days
(d) 16 days
Answer: (c)
Solution:
 days.

52. Question: In a mean life of a radioactive sample.

Options:
(a) About 1/3 of substance disintegrates
(b) About 2/3 of substance disintegrates
(c) About 90% of the substance disintegrates
(d) Almost all the substance disintegrates
Answer: (b)
Solution:

No. of substance disintegration

53. Question: Atomic weight of a radioactive element is gm. Radioactivity of m gm its

mass is.
Options:
(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
Answer: (b)
Solution:

No. of mole

No. of atoms
Radioactivity .

54. Question: The radioactive nuclide of an element X decays to a stable nuclide of element Y.
Then, in a given sample of X, the rate of formation of Y is given by the graph.
Options:
(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Answer: (d)
Solution:
 LEVEL-2

1. Question: For a doubly ionized Li–atom.

Options:
(a) Angular momentum of an electron in 3rd orbit is
(b) Energy of electron in 2nd excited state is –13.6 eV

(c) Speed of electron in 3rd orbit is where c is speed of light

(d) Kinetic energy of electron is 2nd excited state is half of the magnitude of the potential energy
Answer: (a, b, c, d)
Solution:

for

[ 2nd exited state]

2. Question: The electron in a hydrogen atom jumps back from an excited state to ground state,

by emitting a photon of wavelength where R is Rydberg's constant. In

place of emitting one photon, the electron could come back to ground state by.
Options:

(a) Emitting 3 photons of wavelengths and such that

(b) Emitting 2 photons of wavelength and such that

(c) Emitting 2 photons of wavelength and such that

(d) Emitting 3 photons of wavelength and and such that

Answer: (a, b)
Solution:

for 2 photons

for 3 photons

3. Question: The photon radiated from hydrogen corresponding to 2nd line of Lyman series is
absorbed by a hydrogen line atom ‘X’ in 2nd excited state. As a result, the hydrogen like atom ‘X’
makes a transition to nth orbit. Then.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (d)
Solution:
Now checking for all options:
For option( d) from to 9

4. Question: When a hydrogen atom is excited from ground state to first excited state then.
Options:
(a) Its kinetic energy increases by 10.2
(b) Its kinetic energy decreases by 10.2 eV
(c) Its potential energy increases by 20.4 eV
(d) Its angular momentum increases by
Answer: (b, c, d)
Solution:

(For H-atom)
K.E. decreases by 10.2 eV

It increases by 20.4 eV

5. Question: Suppose the potential energy between electron and proton at a distance is given

by .Application of Bohr’s theory to hydrogen atom in this case shows that.

Options:
(a) Energy in the nth orbit is proportional to
(b) Energy is proportional to (m = mass of electron)
(c) Energy in the nth orbit is proportional to
(d) Energy is proportional to (m = mass of electron)
Answer: (a, b)
Solution:

From (1) and (2)

Putting value of .

6. Question: The stopping potential for photoelectron emitted from a metal surface of work
function 1.7 eV is 10.4V. Select correct choice.
Options:
(a) The wavelength of light used is
(b) The wavelength of light used is
(c) The light used is emitted by hydrogen gas sample which de-excites from to
(d) The light used is emitted by hydrogen gas sample which de-excites from to
Answer: (a, c)
Solution:
 Putting and checking for option c and d.

7. Question: The figure shows the results of an experiment involving photoelectric effect. The
graphs A, B, C and D relate to a light beam having different wavelength. Select the correct
alternative.

Options:
(a) Beam B has highest frequency
(b) Beam C has longest wavelength
(c) Beam A has highest rate of photoelectric emission
(d) Photoelectrons emitted by B have highest momentum
Answer: (a, b, c, d)
Solution:

highest highest
 .

8. Question: When photons of energy 4.25 eV strike the surface of a metal A, the ejected
photoelectrons have maximum kinetic energy eV and de-Broglie wavelength . The
maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons liberated from another metal B by photons of energy

4.70 eV is . If the de-Broglie wavelength of these electrons are related as

then.
Options:
(a) The work function of A is 2.25 eV
(b) The work function of B is 4.20 eV
(c)
(d)
Answer: (a, b, c)
Solution:

9. Question: In a photoelectric experiment, the collector plate is at 2.0V with respect to the

emitter plate of copper . The emitter is illuminated by a source of monochromatic

light of wavelength 200 nm.
Options:
(a) The minimum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons reaching the collector is 0
(b) The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons reaching the collector is 3.7 eV
(c) If the polarity of the battery is reversed then answer to part A will be 0
(d) If the polarity of the battery is reversed then answer to part B will be 1.7 eV
Answer: (b)
Solution:

Putting the values

Min. every with which electron emitted

10. Question: Disintegration constant of radioactive material is .

Options:

(a) Its half-life equal to

(b) Its mean life equals to

(c) At time equal to mean life, 63% of the initial radioactive material is left undecayed

(d) After 3-half-lives, of the initial radioactive material is left undecayed

Answer: (a, b)
Solution:

Mean life ,

Half life,
At the time of mean life 63.27 get decayed.

11. Question: A nucleus undergoes a series of decay according to the scheme

, Atomic number and mass numbers of E are 69 and 172.
Options:
(a) Atomic number of A is 72
(b) Mass number of B is 176
(c) Atomic number of D is 69
(d) Atomic number of C is 69
Answer: (b, c)
Solution:
Mase and charge of

So,
We have, .

A B C D E
Mass No. 180 176 176 172 172
Atomic No. 72 70 71 69 69

12. Question: The half life of a radioactive substance is . At the number of active
nuclei is . Select the correct alternative.
Options:
(a) The number of nuclei decayed in time internal is

(b) The number of nuclei decayed in time interval is

(c) The probability that a radioactive nucleus does not decay in interval is
(d) The probability that a radioactive nucleus does not decay in interval
Answer: (b, c)
Solution:

No. of decayed nuclei

Probability of undecayed .

13. Question: A star initially has deuterons. It produces energy via the processes

and . If the average power radiated by the star is

W, the deuteron supply of the star is exhausted in a time of the order of.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
The mass of the nuclei are as follows.

.
Answer: (c)
Solution:

Mass-energy conversion

Energy released in 3 deuterons kg.

Pavg
If no. of deuterons lost per

Deuteron supply will be exhausted in

14. Question: Which of the following is correct for a nuclear reaction.

Options:
(a) A typical fission represented by energy
(b) Heavy water is used as moderator in preference to ordinary water because H may capture
neutrons, while D would not
(c) Cadmium rods increase the reactor power when they go in, decrease when they go outward
(d) Slower neutrons are more effective in causing fission than faster neutrons in case of
Answer: (a, b, d)
Solution:
Options a, b, c is correct.
● A typical fission represented by energy
● Heavy water is used as moderator in preference to ordinary water because H may capture
neutrons, while D would not
 ● Cadmium rods increase the reactor power when they go in, decrease when they go
outward

15. Question: In photoelectric effect, stopping potential depends on.

Options:
(a) Frequency of the incident light
(b) Intensity of the incident light by varies source distance
(c) Emitter’s properties
(d) Frequency and intensity of the incident light
Answer: (a, c)
Solution:
Stopping potential depends on frequency of light and emitters properties (work function)
.

16. Question: An electron in hydrogen atom first jumps from second excited state to first excited
state and then, from first excited state to ground state.
Let the ratio of wavelength, momentum and energy of photons in the two cases be x, y and
z, then select the wrong answer/(s).
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (b)
Solution:

.
 .

17. Question: An electron is in an excited state in hydrogen–like atom. It has a total energy
of –3.4 eV. If the kinetic energy of the electron is E and its de–Broglie wavelength is, then.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (b)
Solution:

Putting the values .

18. Question: A particular hydrogen like atom has its ground state binding energy 122.4 eV. It is
in ground state. Then.
Options:
(a) Its atomic number is 3
(b) An electron of 90 eV can excite it
(c) An electron of kinetic energy nearly 91.8 eV can be brought to almost rest by this atom
(d) An electron of kinetic energy 2.6 eV may emerge from the atom when electron of kinetic
energy 125 eV collides with this atom
Answer: (a, c, d)
Solution:

When a proton interacts that

atomic no. = 3, photon of 91.8 eV and of 8.2 eV are emitted when 100 eV electron
interacts.

19. Question: A beam of ultraviolet light of all wavelength passes through hydrogen gas at room
temperature, in the x-direction. Assume that all photons emitted due to electron transition inside
the gas emerge in the y-direction. Let A and B denote the lights emerging from the gas in the x
and y directions respectively.
Options:
(a) Some of the incident wavelengths will be absent in A
(b) Only those wavelengths will be present in B which are absent in A
(c) B will contain some visible light
(d) B will contain some infrared light
Answer: (a, c, d)
Solution:
Incident wavelength travel in x-direction which are in U-V region, which means it can excite an
electron from n = 1 to Higher levels. Hence, some of the incident wavelength will be absent in A.
Photons emerging due to transitions absent in A. Photons energy due to transitions of electrons to
their ground state contains visible region wavelength, if transition is done into n = 2.

20. Question: If radiations of allowed wavelengths from ultraviolet to infrared are passed
through hydrogen gas at room temperature, absorption lines will be observed in the.
Options:
(a) Lyman series
(b) Balmer series
(c) Both (A) and (B)
(d) Neither (A) nor (B)
Answer: (a)
Solution:
Lyman series.

21. Question: In the hydrogen atom, if the reference level of potential energy is assumed to be
zero at the ground state level. Choose the incorrect statement.
Options:
(a) The total energy of the shell increases with increase in the value of n
(b) The total energy of the shell decrease with increase in the value of n
(c) The difference in total energy of any two shells remains the same
(d) The total energy at the ground state becomes 13.6 eV
Answer: (b)
Solution:

If increases decreases.

22. Question: Choose the correct statement(s) for hydrogen and deuterium atoms (considering
the motion of nucleus)
Options:
(a) The radius of first Bohr orbit of deuterium is less than that of hydrogen
(b) The speed of electron in first Balmer line of deuterium is more than that of hydrogen
(c) The wavelength of first Balmer line of deuterium is more than that of hydrogen
(d) The angular momentum of electron in the first Bohr orbit of deuterium is more than that of
hydrogen
Answer: (a)
Solution:

Now
Angular momentum is

23. Question: A neutron collides head–on with a stationary hydrogen atom in ground state.
Which of the following statements are correct (Assume that the hydrogen atom and neutron has
same mass)?
Options:
(a) If kinetic energy of the neutron is less than 20.4 eV collision must be elastic
(b) If kinetic energy of the neutron is less than 20.4 eV collision may be inelastic
(c) Inelastic collision may be take place only when initial kinetic energy of neutron is greater
than 20.4 eV
(d) Perfectly inelastic collision cannot take place
Answer: (a, c)
Solution:
speed of neutron after collision
,, ,, hydrogen

[P conservation]

[energy observation]
Solving the above equations

must be real

or
The min. energy that can be absorbed by the hydrogen atom in ground state to go in an excited is
10.2 eV. Thus, min K.E of the neutron needed for an inelastic collision

24. Question: When a nucleus with atomic number Z and mass number A undergoes a
radioactive decayed process.
Options:
(a) Both Z and A will decrease if the process is decay
(b) Z will decrease but A will not change, if the process is decay
(c) Z will decrease but A will not change, if the process is decay
(d) Z and A will remain unchanged if the process is decay
Answer: (a, b, d)
Solution:
When an particle is emitted from nucleus, the nucleus loses two proton and two neutrons.
This means the atomic mass number decreases by 2.

25. Question: In a Coolidge tube experiment, the minimum wavelength of the continuous X-ray
spectrum is equal to 66.3 pm, then.
Options:
(a) electrons accelerate through a potential difference of 12.75 kV in the Coolidge tube
(b) electrons accelerate through a potential difference of 18.75 kV in the Coolidge tube
(c) de–Broglie wavelength of the electrons reaching the anticathode is of the order of 10
(d) de–Broglie wavelength of the electrons reaching the anticathode is 0.01
Answer: (b)
Solution:

26. Question: The potential difference applied to an X–ray tube is increase.

As a result, in the emitted radiation
Options:
(a) The intensity increases
(b) The minimum wavelength increases
(c) The intensity decreases
(d) The minimum wavelength decreases
Answer: (a, d)
Solution:

V increases increases,
decreases
Intensity depends on no. of electrons ejected.
So, it remains unchanged.

27. Question: When the atomic number Z of the nucleus increases.

Options:
(a) Initially the neutron– proton ratio is constant =1
(b) Initially neutron–proton ratio increases and later decreases
(c) Initially binding energy per nucleon increases and later decreases
(d) The binding energy per nucleon increases when the neutron–proton ratio increases
Answer: (c)
Solution:

From the curve it is clear, initially B.E per nucleon increases and later decreases.

28. Question: The decay constant of a radioactive substance is 0.173 (year)–1. Therefore
Options:
(a) Nearly 63% of the radioactive substance will decay in (1/0.173) year
(b) Half-life of the radioactive substance is (1/0.173) years
(c) One–fourth of the radioactive substance will be left after nearly 8 years
(d) All the above statements are true
Answer: (a, c)
Solution:
(year)-1

In year

Amount decayed
After years
.

29. Question: Let and be respectively the number of photons emitted by a

red bulb and a blue bulb of equal power in a given time.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d) Data insufficient
Answer: (c)
Solution:
 .

30. Question: W of 5000 light is directed on a photoelectric cell. If the current in the
cell is 0.16 the percentage of incident photons which produce photoelectrons, is.
Options:
(a) 0.4%
(b) .04%
(c) 20%
(d) 10%
Answer: (b)
Solution:
Current is amp. It means charge is flowing per second.

So, electrons are generated per second

No. of photon in will be

this is the no. of photons incident per sec.

31. Question: Two electrons are moving with the same speed v. One electron enters a region of
uniform electric field while the other enters a region of uniform magnetic field. Then after some
time if the de-Broglie wavelengths of the two are and then.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d) None of these
Answer: (d)
Solution:
In a uniform electric field,
 . In case of uniform electric field,

depends on the direction of electric field and time period.

32. Question: An electron with initial kinetic energy of 100 eV is accelerated through a potential
difference of 50 V. Now the de–Broglie wavelength of electron becomes.
Options:
(a)

(b)

(c)
(d)
Answer: (a)
Solution:

33. Question: When a photon of light collides with a metal surface, number of electrons, (if any)
coming out is.
Options:
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) Infinite
(d) Depends upon factors
Answer: (a)
Solution:
Only one.

34. Question: Two radioactive material and have decay constants of &
respectively. If initially they have same number of nuclei, the ratio of number of their undecayed
nuclei will be (1/e) after a time.
Options:

(a)

(b)
(c)
(d) 1
Answer: (b)
Solution:

For first material

For second material

35. Question: Cut off potential for a metal in photoelectric effect for light of wavelength
and is found to be and volts if and are in Arithmetic Progression and
and will be.
Options:
(a) Arithmetic Progression
(b) Geometric progression
(c) Harmonic Progression
(d) None
Answer: (c)
Solution:

36. Question: Photons with energy 5 eV are incident on a cathode C, on a photoelectric cell. The
maximum energy of the emitted photoelectrons is 2 eV. When photons of energy 6 eV
are incident on C, no photoelectrons will reach the anode A if the stopping potential of A relative
to C is.
Options:
(a) 3 V
(b) –3 V
(c) –1 V
(d) 4 V
Answer: (b)
Solution:
When 5 eV is incident K.E is 2 eV,

To stop this potential should be applied.

37. Question: De-Broglie wavelength of an electron in the nth Bohr orbit is and the angular
momentum is then.
Options:
(a)

(b)

(c)
(d) None of these
Answer: (a)
Solution:

and .

38. Question: In Hydrogen and Hydrogen like atoms, the ratio of difference of energies
and varies with its atomic number z and n as.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (d)
Solution:

Putting the values

And .

39. Question: In a hydrogen atom, the electron is in nth excited state.

It may come down to second excited state by emitting ten different wavelengths. What is the
value of n.
Options:
(a) 6
(b) 7
(c) 8
(d) 5
Answer: (a)
Solution:
nth excited state . shell.
 7th shell 6th excited state.

40. Question: An electron in hydrogen atom after absorbing energy photons can jump between

energy states and . Then it may return to ground state after emitting six
difference wavelengths in emission spectrum. The energy of emitted photons is either equal to,
less than or greater than the absorbed photons. Then and are.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:
e emits 6 different wavelengths

For min energy of photos

and .

41. Question: The electron in a hydrogen atom makes transition from M shell to L. The ratio of
magnitudes of initial to final centripetal acceleration of the electron is.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (d)
Solution:

[K is constant]

42. Question: The electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition where and
are the principal quantum numbers of the two states. Assume the Bohr model to be valid. The
frequency of orbital motion of the electron in the initial state is 1/27 of that in the final state. The
possible values of and are.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (b)
Solution:

.
43. Question: Monochromatic radiation of wavelength is incident on a hydrogen sample
containing in ground state. Hydrogen atoms absorb the light and subsequently emit of ten
different wavelengths. The value of is.
Options:
(a) 95 nm
(b) 103 nm
(c) 273 nm
(d) 88 nm
Answer: (a)
Solution:

44. Question: When a hydrogen atom, initially at rest emits a photon resulting in transition
its recoil speed is about.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:

45. Question: An electron collides with a fixed hydrogen atom in its ground state. Hydrogen
atom gets excited and the colliding electron loses all its kinetic energy. Consequently, the
hydrogen atom may emit a photon corresponding to the largest wavelength of the Balmer series.
The min K.E. of colliding electron will be.
Options:
(a) 10.2 eV
(b) 1.9 eV
(c) 12.1 eV
(d) 13.6 eV
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Balmer series max. wavelength

46. Question: In an atom, two electrons move around the nucleus in circular orbits of radii R and
4R. The ratio of the time taken by them to complete one revolution is (neglect electric
interaction).
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:
; ;

47. Question: The electron in hydrogen atom in a sample is in nth excited state, then the number
of different spectrum lines obtained in its emission spectrum will be.
Options:

(a)

(b)

(c)
(d)
Answer: (a)
Solution:

Total number of spectral lines are 1+2+3+4+…………………………………….(n-2)+(n-1)+n

48. Question: The magnitude of angular momentum, orbit radius and frequency of revolution of
electron in hydrogen atom corresponding to quantum number are and respectively.
Then according to Bohr's theory of hydrogen atoms.
Options:
(a) is constant for all orbits
(b) is constant for all orbits
(c) is constant for all orbits
(d) is constant for all orbits
Answer: (b)
Solution:

(Independent of n).
49. Question: In a characteristic X–ray spectra of some atom superimposed on continuous X–ray
spectra.

Options:
(a) P represents line

(b) Q reparents line

(c) Q and P repents and lines respectively

(d) Relative positions of and depends on the particular atom

Answer: (c)
Solution:
less energetic then

more energy less wavelength

50. Question: The binding energies of nuclei X and Y are and respectively. Two atoms
of X fuse to give one atom of Y and an energy Q is released. Then.
Options:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Answer: (b)
Solution:
Two atoms of x fuse to give one atom of
 final energy

Initial energy (two atoms of x)

.

51. Question: A radioactive material of half–life T was produced in a nuclear reactor at different
instants. The quantity produced second time was twice of that produced first time. If now their
present activities are and respectively then their age difference equal.
Options:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:

using .

52. Question: Half-life for certain radioactive element is 5 min. Four nuclei of that element are
observed at a certain instant of time. After five minutes.
Assertion (A): It can be definitely said that two nuclei will be left undecayed.
Reasoning (R): After half-life i.e. 5 minutes, half of total nuclei will disintegrate. So only two
nuclei will be left undecayed. Then.
Options:
(a) A is correct & R is correct explanation of A
(b) Both are correct. But R is not correct explanation of A
(c) A is incorrect & R is correct
(d) Both are incorrect
Answer: (d)
Solution:
Both are incorrect.

53. Question: The radioactivity of a sample is at time and at time . If the half-life

of the specimen is then number of atoms that have disintegrated in time is

proportional to.
Options:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
Answer: (b)
Solution:

Radioactivity

No. of disintegrated atoms

54. Question: The decay constant of the end product of a radioactive series is.
Options:
(a) Zero
(b) Infinite
(c) Finite (Non zero)
(d) Depends on the end product
Answer: (a)
Solution:
Zero.

55. Question: At time nuclei of decay constant and nuclei of decay constant
are mixed. The decay rate of the mixture is.
Options:
(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Decay rate of single nuclei is

Combination of two nuclei and

Decay rate is .