DOS & DONTS IN LABORATORY

DO’s
1. Students should be punctual and regular in the laboratory.
2. Students should come to the lab on time with proper dress code.
3. Students should maintain discipline all the time and obey instructions.
4. Students should carry out observations and record all aspects of their completed work.
5. Students should be at their concerned experiment table, unnecessary moment is restricted.
6. Students should follow the procedure to receive and deposit the components from
lab technician.
7. While doing the experiments any failure/malfunction must be reported to the lab staff.
8. Students should check the connections of the circuit properly before switching ON the power
supply.
9. Students should verify the reading with the help of the lab instructor after completion of
experiment.
10. Students must ensure that all switches are in the lab OFF position, all the connections
are removed.
11. At the end of the practical class, the apparatus should be returned to the lab technician and
take back the indent slip.
12. After completing your lab session SHUTDOWN the systems, TURNOFF the power
switches and arrange the chairs properly.

DON’Ts
1. Don’t eat and drink in the laboratory.
2. Don’t touch electric wires.
3. Don’t turn ON the circuit unless it is completed.
4. Avoid making loose connections.
5. Don’t leave the lab without permission.
6. Don’t use a flash drive on computers.
 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

CS-1144: Digital Logic Design (LAB)

Lab 1 Manual
Familiarization with Lab Equipment

Instructor & Demonstrator: Dr. M. Ammar Ashraf

Student Name

Roll No.

Date Performed

Marks obtained

Instructor Signature
OBJECTIVES:

To demonstrate the operation and characteristics of digital logic design lab equipment.

Laboratory Equipment Protocol:

All necessary equipment will be provided at your designated laboratory benches. It is your
responsibility to ensure the proper use and maintenance of this equipment. If you are unsure how
to operate any piece of equipment, please consult the instructor immediately. It is always preferable
to ask for guidance rather than risk causing damage.

In the event of a burned-out fuse or IC chip, it is critical to recognize this as an indication of a

significant issue within the lab. Report any such occurrences to the laboratory instructor without
delay. The instructor will assess the situation and, if necessary, authorize the replacement of the
fuse or IC chip. A record will be maintained for each student, noting the number of replacement
fuses or IC chips required.

Introduction to Equipment:

Ensure you become familiar with the following equipment, utilizing the assistance of the lab
assistant and instructor as needed.

 Breadboard
 Jumper Wires
 ICs
 LAB Power Supply
 Digital Trainer Board
 Digital Multimeter (DMM)
 Oscilloscope
 Resistors
 Arduino
 LED

Breadboard

A breadboard is used to build and test circuits quickly before finalizing any circuit design. The
breadboard has many holes into which circuit components like ICs and resistors can be inserted.
A typical breadboard is shown below:
The breadboard has strips of metal that run underneath the board and connect the holes on the top
of the board. The metal strips are laid out as shown below. Note that the top and bottom rows of
holes are connected horizontally while the remaining holes are connected vertically.

It is important to breadboard a circuit neatly and systematically so that one can debug it and get it
running easily and quickly. It also helps when someone else needs to understand and inspect the
circuit. Here are some tips:

1. Always use the side-lines for power supply connections. Power the chips from the side-lines
and not directly from the power supply.

2. Use black wires for ground connections (0V), and red for other power connections.

3. Keep the jumper wires on the board flat, so that the board does not look cluttered.

4. Route jumper wires around the chips and not over the chips. This makes changing the chips
when needed easier.

5. You could trim the legs of components like resistors, transistors, and LEDs so that they fit in
snugly and do not get pulled out by accident.

ICs:

Integrated Circuits (ICs) are compact electronic components that consist of numerous tiny
transistors, resistors, capacitors, and other elements integrated into a single semiconductor chip.
They are the building blocks of digital logic design, enabling the implementation of complex
circuits within a small footprint. In a Digital Logic Design lab, you'll work with various types of
ICs, such as logic gates, flip-flops, counters, and multiplexers, to create and test digital circuits.
Proper handling and orientation of ICs are crucial to avoid damage and ensure correct circuit
functionality.
Lab Power Supply:

A Lab Power Supply is an essential device used to provide stable and adjustable electrical power
to various circuits and components during experiments. In Digital Logic Design, a reliable power
supply is crucial for testing and operating your digital circuits. The power supply typically offers
adjustable voltage and current settings, allowing you to configure the precise power requirements
for different ICs and components. Proper usage includes setting the correct voltage levels to
match the circuit specifications and ensuring that connections are secure to prevent any short
circuits or damage.

Digital Trainer Board:

The Digital Trainer Board is a platform that includes various components like breadboards,
switches, and LEDs for building and testing digital circuits. It simplifies circuit assembly and
provides a convenient way to experiment with and learn about digital logic designs.

Digital Multimeter:

A Digital Multimeter (DMM) is a versatile tool used in digital logic design labs to measure
various electrical parameters. Here’s a breakdown of its key functions:

1. Voltage Measurement (Voltmeter Mode):

2. Current Measurement (Ammeter Mode):
3. Resistance Measurement (Ohmmeter Mode):
4. Continuity Test:
5. Diode Test:

Oscilloscope:

An Oscilloscope is a critical instrument in a digital logic design lab for observing and analyzing
the behavior of electronic signals. Here’s how it is typically used:

1. Signal Visualization:
2. Time Domain Analysis:
3. Triggering:
4. Measurement of Signal Parameters:
5. Analysis of Logic Levels:

Arduino:

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. It

is commonly used in digital logic design labs to prototype and test digital circuits, particularly
those involving microcontrollers and embedded systems. Here’s how Arduino is typically
utilized:

1. Microcontroller Development Board:

 2. Digital Input/output (I/O) Pins:
3. Programming and Logic Implementation:
4. Prototyping and Experimentation:
5. Serial Communication and Debugging:

Raspberry Pi:

The Raspberry Pi is a small, affordable, single-board computer widely used in digital logic
design labs for various applications, from simple projects to complex embedded systems. Here's
how the Raspberry Pi is typically utilized:

1. General-Purpose Input/output (GPIO) Pins:

2. Running Operating Systems:
3. Programming and Software Development:
4. Network Connectivity:
5. Peripheral Interfaces:
6. Visualization and User Interface:

Lab Tasks
Perform the following tasks:

Task1:
LED Control Using a Switch.

Task2:
Series and Parallel LED Connections.
 Assessment Rubric for Lab 1

Method of Evaluation: Lab report.

Outcomes Assessed:
CLO-1 Acquire knowledge related to the concepts, tools, and techniques for the design of digital
electronic circuits.

Performance 5 Excellent 4 Good 3 Satisfactory 2-1 Needs Marks

Improvement
Understanding Demonstrates a Demonstrates a Demonstrates a Lacks understanding and
of Equipment thorough good basic improper use of
understanding of understanding of understanding, equipment; frequent
(CLO-1) but struggles
the function and most equipment, mistakes.
proper use of all with minor with proper
equipment use.
equipment mistakes in use.
(breadboard, jumper
wires, LEDs, power
supply).
Efficiency and Circuit layout is Circuit layout is Circuit layout is Circuit layout is messy
Neatness elegant, efficient, fairly neat with cluttered and and disorganized; wires
and well-organized; minimal clutter; somewhat are tangled or incorrectly
(CLO-1)
wires are wires are disorganized; placed, leading to
appropriately organized but wires are poorly significant issues.
trimmed and placed could be managed, leading
to avoid clutter. improved. to potential
confusion.
Troubleshooting Identifies and Identifies and Requires Unable to identify or
Ability resolves any issues resolves most significant resolve issues even with
independently and issues with guidance to guidance; lacks problem-
(CLO-1)
efficiently; minimal identify and solving skills.
demonstrates strong guidance; shows resolve issues;
problem-solving good problem- shows limited
skills. solving skills. problem-solving
skills.
Engagement Actively Participates well Participates but is Shows minimal
and participates in the in the lab, asking mostly passive, participation or
lab, asking relevant questions occasionally asks engagement in the lab;
Participation insightful questions and engaging in questions, or does not ask questions or
(CLO-1) and helping peers. the activities. engages with the engage with the material.
material.

Total