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Methods in MongoDB

The document explains projection in MongoDB, which allows users to select specific fields from documents using the find() method. It also covers methods like limit() and skip() to control the number of documents retrieved, and the save() method for inserting or updating documents based on the presence of an _id field. Examples are provided for each method to illustrate their usage.

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2 views

Methods in MongoDB

The document explains projection in MongoDB, which allows users to select specific fields from documents using the find() method. It also covers methods like limit() and skip() to control the number of documents retrieved, and the save() method for inserting or updating documents based on the presence of an _id field. Examples are provided for each method to illustrate their usage.

Uploaded by

vidyacharanningule
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Projection in MongoDB

• Projection is selecting only required fields/data from documents instead of


retrieving all fields/data.

• It is used with find() method.

• Syntax: db.collection.find({}, {field1:value, field2: value…..})

• In above syntax first parameter is used to specify condition to retrieve


data.

• Second parameter of find() is used to specify the fields that are to be


returned in or to be skipped from the output.

• If the value of the field is set to 1, the field will be displayed in the
returned document.

• If the value of the field is set to 0, the field will not be displayed in the
returned document.

• find() always display “_id” field. To skip this filed, set it to 0.


Projection in MongoDB
• Following are some of the examples of projection:

1. Display only rollno and percentage fields from document:


• db.student.find({},{rollno:1,percentage:1})

2. Display all fields by skipping address field:


• db.student.find({},{address:0})

3. Display roll numbers of students having marks greater than 70:


• db.student.find({percentage:{gte:70}},{rollno:1})

4. Display names and mobile no. of students in studying in second year:


• db.student.find({class:”SY”},{name:1, mob:1})

5. Display employe IDs and department ID of employees having


salary<50000 and salary>20000 :
• db.employee.find({salary:{$lt:50000, $gt:20000}},{empid:1,deptid:1})
Methods in MongoDB
1. limit():
• It is used to display limited/required number of documents from
collection, starting from 1st document.
• limit() is used with find() method.
e.g. Display first 10 documents from book collection:
• db.book.find().limit(10)
Display 10 documents that fulfill given condition:
• db.book.find({publisher:”McGrawHill”}).limit(10)

2. skip():
• It is used to skip first n documents mentioned in the query.
• skip() is used with find() method.

• db.book.find().skip(05) #skip first 5 documents from result.

• Display documents within range 11 to 30 from book collection:


• db.book.find().limit(30).skip(10)
• db.book.find().skip(10).limit(20)
Methods in MongoDB
• save():

• It either updates existing document or inserts new document


depending on the document parameter mentioned in the query.
• It uses either insert or update method.
• There are following 3 possibilities with save():

Case 1: In save query, if “_id” field is not mentioned in parameters, save()


calls insert() method to insert new document, and mongo shell will
provide ObjectId to the newly created document.

Case 2: If save query contains “_id” field and if the document with
mentioned id already exists in the collection, then save() calls update()
method to update that existing document with fields:values given in the
query.

Case 3: If save query contains “_id” field and if the document with
mentioned id does not exist in the collection, then save() calls insert()
method to insert new document with given “_id” and fields:values.
Projection in MongoDB
1. Save a new document without specifying an _id field:
• db.student.save({rollno:10,name:”Jackson”,percentage:67})
– Here _id is not mentioned, save() will insert above document in
the collection.

2. Save a document with an _id Field:


• db.student.save({_id:2001,rollno:11,name:”Jacky”,percentage:70})
– save() will either inserts above document or will replace existing
document depending on the existence of mentioned (_id:2001)

3. Replace an existing document:


• db.student.save({_id:2001,rollno:11,name:”Jacky”,percentage:72,
city:”Mumbai”})
– save() will update existing document(_id:2001) with given field:values.

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