KL Centre for Online Education (COE)

MBA – Online 2nd Semester End-Sem Lab Exam

Academic Year: 2022-2023

22DS5206OJ – Data Visualization using Tableau

END SEM LAB Practical Exam Question Paper

Time: 1:30 Hour Max. Marks: 50

Answer ANY TWO questions. Each question carries 25 Marks.

1) Illustrate different applications of data visualisation

Applications of Data Visualization

Data visualization is a powerful tool that helps us understand complex information quickly
and effectively. Here are some of its key applications:
Business and Finance
• Sales Analysis: Visualizing sales trends, customer behavior, and product
performance.
• Financial Reporting: Creating interactive dashboards to track key financial metrics.
• Risk Assessment: Identifying potential risks and opportunities through data-driven
insights.
Healthcare
• Disease Surveillance: Tracking the spread of diseases and identifying outbreaks.
• Patient Outcomes: Analyzing patient data to improve treatment outcomes.
• Medical Research: Visualizing clinical trial data to uncover new discoveries.
Marketing and Advertising
• Customer Segmentation: Identifying different customer groups based on their
behavior and preferences.
• Campaign Performance: Measuring the effectiveness of marketing campaigns and
optimizing strategies.
 • Market Research: Analyzing market trends and consumer sentiment.
Government and Public Sector
• Policy Analysis: Evaluating the impact of government policies and programs.
• Crime Mapping: Identifying crime hotspots and understanding patterns.
• Resource Allocation: Optimizing the allocation of resources based on data-driven
insights.
Education
• Student Performance: Tracking student progress and identifying areas for
improvement.
• Curriculum Evaluation: Assessing the effectiveness of educational programs.
• Research Visualization: Presenting research findings in a visually appealing and
understandable way.
Science and Research
• Scientific Data Analysis: Visualizing complex scientific data to uncover patterns and
relationships.
• Climate Change Modeling: Visualizing climate data to understand the impacts of
climate change.
• Genome Analysis: Visualizing genetic data to study biological processes.
Other Applications
• Sports Analytics: Analyzing sports data to improve team performance and strategies.
• Social Media Analytics: Understanding social media trends and user behavior.
• Environmental Monitoring: Tracking environmental factors such as air quality and
pollution levels.
Examples of data visualization techniques:
• Charts: Line charts, bar charts, pie charts, histograms, etc.
• Maps: Geographic maps to visualize location-based data.
• Infographics: Combining text, images, and charts to tell a story.
• Dashboards: Interactive dashboards for real-time monitoring and analysis.
• Data Art: Creative visualizations that combine art and data.
By effectively visualizing data, we can gain valuable insights, make informed decisions, and
communicate complex information more effectively.
2) Compare and contrast the file and data types supported by Tableau
File and Data Types Supported by Tableau
Tableau supports a wide range of file and data types, making it a versatile tool for data
analysis and visualization. Here's a comparison and contrast of the supported file and data
types:
File Types
Supported:
• Excel: XLS, XLSX
• Text: CSV, TSV, TXT
• Database: Access, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server, Teradata, and many
more.
• Statistical: SAS, SPSS, Stata
• JSON: JavaScript Object Notation
• XML: Extensible Markup Language
• Google Sheets
• Amazon Redshift
• Snowflake
• Google BigQuery
• Microsoft Azure SQL Database
• And more
Unsupported:
• Proprietary formats: Some highly specialized or proprietary file formats may not be
directly supported.
Data Types
Supported:
• Numerical: Integer, decimal, float, double
• Text: String, varchar, char
• Date and Time: Date, datetime, timestamp
• Boolean: True/False, 1/0
• Geographic: Latitude/longitude, geocoding
• Custom: Can create custom data types for specific needs
Unsupported:
 • Complex data structures: Very complex data structures, like nested objects or arrays,
might require data preparation or transformation before being loaded into Tableau.
Comparison and Contrast:
• Flexibility: Tableau supports a wide range of file and data types, making it adaptable
to various data sources and analysis needs.
• Compatibility: Most commonly used file and data types are directly supported,
ensuring seamless integration with various data systems.
• Limitations: While Tableau supports a broad range of data, there may be limitations
for highly specialized or complex data formats.
Additional Considerations:
• Data Cleaning: Tableau can handle data cleaning tasks like removing duplicates,
handling missing values, and formatting data.
• Data Blending: Tableau allows combining data from multiple sources into a single
view for analysis.
• Data Transformations: You can perform various data transformations within
Tableau, such as calculations, aggregations, and filtering.
In conclusion, Tableau's extensive support for file and data types makes it a powerful tool
for data analysis and visualization. It can handle a variety of data sources and formats,
allowing you to explore and understand your data effectively.

3) Explain the challenges of using data visualisation with real-time data

Challenges of Using Data Visualization with Real-Time Data
Visualizing real-time data presents unique challenges compared to static datasets. Here are
some of the key difficulties:
1. Data Volume and Velocity:
• Overwhelming Data: Real-time data streams can generate massive volumes of data,
making it difficult to visualize effectively without proper filtering and aggregation.
• Speed of Change: Data can change rapidly, requiring visualizations to update in real-
time to maintain accuracy.
2. Data Quality and Consistency:
• Noise and Errors: Real-time data can be prone to errors, inconsistencies, or noise,
which can distort visualizations and make it difficult to draw accurate conclusions.
• Data Quality Assurance: Ensuring data quality in real-time can be challenging, as it
requires constant monitoring and validation.
3. Visualization Performance:
 • Responsiveness: Visualizations must update quickly to keep pace with the incoming
data, preventing lag or delays.
• Scalability: As data volumes increase, visualizations need to scale efficiently to
maintain performance.
4. Contextual Understanding:
• Historical Data: Understanding the context of real-time data often requires
comparing it to historical trends or baselines, which can be challenging to incorporate
into real-time visualizations.
• Anomalies: Identifying anomalies or outliers in real-time data can be difficult without
proper context and historical reference.
5. Security and Privacy:
• Data Sensitivity: Real-time data often contains sensitive information that needs to be
protected from unauthorized access.
• Data Governance: Implementing strong data governance practices is essential to
ensure data privacy and security in real-time environments.
6. Visualization Complexity:
• Overloading Information: Too much information in a real-time visualization can be
overwhelming and difficult to interpret.
• Choosing the Right Visuals: Selecting appropriate visualization techniques for real-
time data can be challenging, as different techniques may be better suited for different
use cases.
To address these challenges, organizations often employ techniques such as:
• Data Filtering and Aggregation: Reducing data volume by filtering out irrelevant
data and aggregating data into meaningful summaries.
• Real-time Data Processing: Using streaming data processing frameworks to handle
high-velocity data streams.
• Interactive Visualizations: Creating interactive visualizations that allow users to
explore and analyze data in real-time.
• Data Quality Monitoring: Implementing data quality monitoring tools to identify and
correct data errors.
• Visualization Optimization: Optimizing visualizations for performance and
scalability.
By carefully considering these challenges and employing appropriate strategies,
organizations can effectively leverage data visualization to gain insights from real-time data.
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