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Git_Guide

This comprehensive guide covers Git and GitHub, introducing core concepts such as repositories, commits, branches, and tags. It includes basic and advanced Git commands, workflows for using GitHub, and methods for sharing repositories with non-Git users. Additionally, it provides a Git cheat sheet and links to useful resources for further learning.

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5 views

Git_Guide

This comprehensive guide covers Git and GitHub, introducing core concepts such as repositories, commits, branches, and tags. It includes basic and advanced Git commands, workflows for using GitHub, and methods for sharing repositories with non-Git users. Additionally, it provides a Git cheat sheet and links to useful resources for further learning.

Uploaded by

bhryfbzkhjtzxhazdr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Comprehensive Guide to Git and GitHub

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction to Git

2. Core Concepts

- Repository

- Commits

- Branches

- Tags

3. Basic Git Commands

4. Advanced Git Techniques

- Interactive Rebase

- Bisect

- Cherry-pick

- Stashing

5. GitHub Workflows

- Using Pull Requests

- Managing Releases

- Comparing Versions

- Tagging and Branch Management

6. Sharing Git Repositories with Non-Git Users

7. Git Cheat Sheet

8. Useful Resources

---
1. Introduction to Git

Git is a distributed version control system designed to handle projects of any size with speed and efficiency

---

2. Core Concepts

Repository:

A repository (repo) is a container for your project. It holds all the files, history, branches, and metadata rela

Commits:

Commits are snapshots of your project. Each commit represents a set of changes, tracked with a unique id

Branches:

Branches allow parallel development. The main branch (formerly master) is typically the production-ready b

Tags:

Tags are references to specific commits, often used for marking release versions (e.g., v1.0).

---

3. Basic Git Commands

Initialize Repository: `git init`

Clone Repository: `git clone <url>`

Stage Changes: `git add <file>`

Commit Changes: `git commit -m "Commit message"`


Check Status: `git status`

View Log: `git log`

Push Changes: `git push origin <branch>`

Pull Changes: `git pull origin <branch>`

---

4. Advanced Git Techniques

Interactive Rebase:

Rebasing lets you edit, combine, or reorder commits.

`git rebase -i HEAD~<n>`

Bisect:

Find the commit that introduced a bug.

`git bisect start`

`git bisect bad`

`git bisect good <commit>`

Cherry-pick:

Apply a specific commit to the current branch.

`git cherry-pick <commit-hash>`

Stashing:

Temporarily save changes without committing.

`git stash`

Retrieve stashed changes:


`git stash pop`

---

5. GitHub Workflows

Using Pull Requests:

Pull requests (PRs) are a way to propose and review changes.

1. Create a branch for your work.

2. Push the branch to GitHub.

3. Open a pull request from the branch into main.

Managing Releases:

1. Tag the release: `git tag -a v1.0 -m "Release v1.0"`

2. Push tags: `git push origin --tags`

Comparing Versions:

`git diff <commit1> <commit2>`

Branch Management:

`git branch -d <branch-name> # Delete local branch`

`git push origin --delete <branch-name> # Delete remote branch`

---

6. Sharing Git Repositories with Non-Git Users

To provide read-only access to a Git repository via a Linux directory:


1. Create a Shared Directory:

- Export the repository as a bare repository: `git clone --bare . /path/to/share`

- Share it via NFS or Samba.

2. Set Permissions:

- Ensure the directory is read-only for the users: `chmod -R 755 /path/to/share`

3. Automate Updates:

- Add a cron job to sync the latest updates to the shared directory.

---

7. Git Cheat Sheet

Setup Commands:

`git config --global user.name "Your Name"`

`git config --global user.email "[email protected]"`

`git config --list`

Branch Commands:

`git branch # List branches`

`git checkout <branch> # Switch branches`

`git checkout -b <branch> # Create and switch`

Commit and Staging Commands:

`git add <file>`

`git commit -m "Message"`


`git reset HEAD <file> # Unstage`

Remote Commands:

`git remote add origin <url>`

`git push -u origin <branch>`

`git fetch origin`

---

8. Useful Resources:

1. Pro Git Book (free online): https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2

2. GitHub Documentation: https://docs.github.com/

3. Oh My Git!: https://ohmygit.org/ (for gamified Git learning)

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