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Create folder
Open File Explorer: Click on the File Explorer icon on your taskbar or press Win + E on
your keyboard.
Navigate to the Location: Go to the location where you want to create the new folder.
Name Your Folder: A new folder will appear with the default name "New Folder". Type in
your desired name and press Enter.
WINDOW UTILITIES
Windows utilities are tools and features that help you manage, maintain, and optimize your
Windows operating system. Here are some key Windows utilities:
LAB ACTIVITY 2
INTRODUCTION OF MS WORD
Microsoft Word, commonly known as MS Word, is a versatile word processing software
developed by Microsoft. It is part of the Microsoft Office suite and is widely used for creating,
editing, formatting, and sharing documents. MS Word offers a range of features, including
document creation, formatting tools, templates, collaboration capabilities, spell check and
grammar tools, media insertion, mail merge, accessibility features, and cloud integration. These
features make it an essential tool for students, professionals, and businesses, enabling them to
produce high-quality documents efficiently. If you have any specific questions about MS Word
or need help with a particular feature, feel free to ask!
Applying Basic Text Formatting
Bold:
Purpose: Makes the selected text appear thicker and more prominent.
How to Apply: Select the text and click on the Bold button in the toolbar (or press Ctrl +
B).
Italic:
Underline:
Font Size:
Purpose: Modifies the font style, such as Arial, Times New Roman, etc.
How to Apply: Select the text and pick a new font style from the Font dropdown menu.
Text Alignment:
Purpose: Controls how the text is positioned in relation to the page margins.
Types of Alignment:
o Left Align: Aligns text with the left margin.
o Center Align: Centers the text within the page.
o Right Align: Aligns text with the right margin.
o Justify: Distributes text evenly between the left and right margins.
How to Apply: Select the text and choose the desired alignment option from the toolbar.
Strike-through:
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Subscript and Superscript
How to Apply Subscript:
Steps:
o Select the text you wish to format as subscript.
o Navigate to the Home tab on the Ribbon.
o In the Font section, click on the subscript button (represented by "X₂").
Alternative Method:
o Keyboard Shortcut: Press Ctrl + = (for Windows).
Steps:
o Select the text you want to make superscript.
o Go to the Home tab on the Ribbon.
o In the Font section, click on the superscript button (represented by "X²").
Alternative Method:
o Keyboard Shortcut: Press Ctrl + Shift + = (for Windows).
Bullets and Numbering:
Text Effects:
Purpose: Adds decorative effects such as shadows or glows to text. To apply, select the
text, click the Text Effects button (the glowing "A"), and choose an effect.
Line Spacing:
Purpose: Adjusts the space between lines of text. To modify, select the text, click on
Line and Paragraph Spacing, and choose your preferred spacing option.
Inserting and Formatting a Table:
Insert a Table: Navigate to the Insert tab, select Table, and choose the desired size.
Table Formatting: Use the Table Tools (Design and Layout) tabs to adjust the table’s
borders, alignment, and cell dimensions.
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Change Case
Changing the case of text involves adjusting the capitalization style of the letters. There are
several options to modify the case:
Uppercase: Converts all letters to capital letters.
Title Case: Capitalizes the first letter of each word (commonly used for headings or titles).
Sentence Case: Capitalizes only the first letter of the first word in a sentence, leaving the rest in
lowercase.
Toggle Case: Reverses the case of each letter, changing uppercase to lowercase and vice versa.
Font Color
Font color allows you to change the color of the text. You can choose from a variety of colors, or
enter custom RGB or hex codes for more precise color selection.
Example: ICT (Information and Communication Technology) refers to the integration of
telecommunications, computers, and other technologies to manage and share information.
Text Highlights
Text highlighting is used to make certain words or phrases stand out by applying a background
color. Yellow is commonly used, but you can select any color you prefer.
Text Shading
Text shading adds a background color or pattern specifically behind the text, helping it stand out
in a subtler, more customizable way compared to highlighting.
Example:
ICT
Find & Replace
The Find & Replace feature enables you to locate a specific word, phrase, or character within a
document and substitute it with a new word, phrase, or character. This tool is especially helpful
for making consistent changes throughout a document.
Add a Picture:
1. Navigate to the Insert tab in the Ribbon.
2. Click on Pictures.
3. Choose This Device to select an image from your computer, or Online Pictures
to search the web.
4. Select the desired image and click Insert to add it to your document.
Insert SmartArt:
1. Head to the Insert tab.
2. Click on SmartArt.
3. Select a graphic style from categories like List, Cycle, Hierarchy, and others.
4. Click OK to insert the chosen graphic into your document.
Add a Chart:
1. Go to the Insert tab.
2. Click on Chart.
3. Pick the chart type you prefer (e.g., Bar, Pie, Line).
4. An Excel sheet will appear where you can enter your data. Once finished, close
the Excel sheet to finalize the chart.
LAB ACTIVITY 6
1. Adding and Customizing an Equation
Insert an Equation:
1. Go to the Insert tab in the Ribbon.
2. Click on Equation (found in the Symbols group), or simply press Alt + = on your
keyboard.
3. A placeholder for the equation will appear, and you can start typing your equation, such
as (a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab.
Insert a Symbol:
1. Navigate to the Insert tab.
2. Click on Symbol in the Symbols group.
3. You can choose a symbol from the displayed list, or select More Symbols to access
additional options.
4. Pick the symbol you want and click Insert.
3. Adding and Formatting a Header or Footer
Change Margins:
1. Go to the Layout tab (or Page Layout in some versions).
2. Click on Margins.
3. Select a preset margin option (such as Normal, Narrow, or Wide), or choose Custom
Margins to define your own.
4. In the Page Setup dialog box, you can modify the top, bottom, left, and right margins as
needed.
2. Changing Page Orientation
Text wrapping determines how text flows around images, shapes, or other objects in the
document.
Introduction:
Microsoft PowerPoint is a popular software application used to create presentations. Whether for
business, educational, or personal purposes, PowerPoint enables users to create slideshows
featuring text, images, videos, charts, animations, and more. It is part of the Microsoft Office
suite, offering a user-friendly and flexible platform suitable for both beginners and advanced
users.
Insert Slide:
To add a new slide, navigate to the Home tab and click on New Slide. You can then customize
the slide content according to your presentation’s needs.
Layout:
To modify the slide layout, go to Home and select Layout. Choose the layout that best fits the
style and structure of your presentation.
Font Group:
Font: Change the text’s font style (such as Arial, Times New Roman).
Text Size: Adjust the size of the text.
Bold: Makes the selected text bold for emphasis.
Italic: Applies an italic style to the selected text.
Underline: Adds an underline to the selected text.
Change Case: Modify the capitalization of the text, such as switching between uppercase and
lowercase.
Design Tab:
1. Themes Group:
o Choose a theme for your presentation, which includes a set of coordinated fonts, colors,
and layouts.
2. Variants Group:
o Provides different variations of the currently selected theme to further customize your
design.
3. Customize Group:
o Slide Size: Modify the dimensions of the slides, with options for Standard or
Widescreen formats.
o Background Styles: Change the background color or insert an image as the slide
background.
Insert Tab:
Images Group:
LAB ACTIVITY 9
Animations Tab
1. Animation Group:
o Add Animation: Apply animation effects to objects on the slide, such as text, images,
and other elements.
o Animation Pane: View and manage the sequence of animations applied to slide
elements.
o Effect Options: Customize settings for the animation, such as direction, style, or
additional effects.
2. Timing Group:
o Start: Determines how the animation is triggered (e.g., On Click, With Previous, After
Previous).
o Duration: Adjusts how long the animation lasts.
o Delay: Adds a waiting period before the animation starts.
Transitions Tab
2. Monitors Group:
o Use Presenter View: Activate the presenter view, which displays the current slide, the
next slide, and speaker notes for better presentation control.
LAB ACTIVITY 10
Introducing Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Excel is a robust spreadsheet software used for organizing, analyzing, and calculating
data. It consists of worksheets made up of rows and columns where data can be entered and
manipulated.
Basic Features
2. Cell Range:
The Fill Handle is a small square at the bottom-right corner of a selected cell.
Drag the Fill Handle to automatically extend a pattern (such as 1, 2, 3 or Monday, Tuesday).
Number formatting allows you to change the appearance of numbers (such as displaying them
as currency or percentages).
This can be done from the toolbar.
AutoFit automatically adjusts the width of a column to accommodate the longest data within it.
To AutoFit, double-click the boundary between column letters.
8. Using Functions:
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Use Quotation Marks for Exact Phrases
Click on "Tools" under the search bar to filter results by time (e.g., past week).
LAB ACTIVITY 13
Windows Desktop Shortcuts
LAB ACTIVITY 14
1. How to Create a Gmail Account
1. Go to the Gmail Sign-Up Page:
Open your web browser and visit the Gmail sign-up page to start the account creation
process.
2. Select "Create Account":
Click the “Create account” button, then choose whether the account is for personal use or
business (Google Workspace). Select "For myself" if it's a personal account.
3. Fill in Your Personal Details:
Provide your first and last name, choose a username (this will be your email address), and
create a strong password. Re-enter the password to confirm.
4. Click "Next":
After entering your details, click Next to proceed with the account setup.
5. Provide Recovery Information (Optional):
You’ll be prompted to enter a phone number for account recovery. While optional, it’s
highly recommended for added security.
You will receive a verification code via text, which you'll need to enter to verify your
account.
Optionally, you can add a secondary email address for recovery.
6. Enter Your Birthdate and Gender:
Google will request your birthdate to verify your age. Gender is optional.
7. Agree to Google's Terms:
Review Google's Privacy & Terms, then click I agree to accept and proceed.
8. Complete the Setup:
Once you’ve accepted the terms, your new Gmail account will be ready to use, and you’ll
be directed to your inbox.
Logging In:
When logging into your Gmail account or any other Google service, you’ll first enter
your password, and then you’ll be prompted to enter a verification code sent to your
phone or generated by an authentication app.
Backup Codes:
If you lose access to your phone, you can generate backup codes from your Google
account settings under the 2-Step Verification section. These codes can be used to log in
without needing your phone.
LAB ACTIVITY 15
1. Writing an Email
csharp
Copy
Hello Team,
Best regards,
[Your Name]
Here is an example of a finished email with multiple recipients, Cc, Bcc, and an attachment:
csharp
Copy
Dear John and Jane,
Attached is the latest project report for your review. Please go through
it and let me know if you have any questions.
Best regards,
[Your Name]