Mathematics ISC-Class XII

Table of Contents

S.No. Types of Questions Page Nos.

I. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 1-10

II. Statement Based Questions 11-13

III. Assertion-Reason Questions 14-18

IV. Very Short Answer Questions 19-24

V. Short Answer Questions 25-28

VI. Long Answer Questions 29-39

VII. Very Long Answer Questions 40-43

Answer Key 44-79

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

COMPETENCY-FOCUSED PRACTICE QUESTIONS

ISC-CLASS XII

Mathematics
I: Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark Each)

Please select ONE correct answer from the following options provided in MCQs.

S.No. Questions

1. [Relations and Functions]

If h(x)= 4X and h-1 (x)=2, then value of x is:
(a) -4
(b) 4
(c) -16
(d) 16 (Application)

2. [Inverse Trigonometric Functions]

𝜋𝜋
If a + 2 < 2 tan−1 𝑥𝑥 + 3 cot −1 𝑥𝑥 < b, then a and b are respectively:
𝜋𝜋
(a) 2 and 2𝜋𝜋
𝜋𝜋 𝜋𝜋
(b) 2 and − 2

(c) 0 and π
(d) 0 and 2π (Analysis)

3. [Inverse Trigonometric Functions]

Which one of the following is true?
(a) sin (cos−1 𝑥𝑥) = cos (sin−1 𝑥𝑥)
(b) sec (tan−1 𝑥𝑥) = tan (sec −1 𝑥𝑥)
(c) cos (tan−1 𝑥𝑥) = tan(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 −1 𝑥𝑥)
(d) tan (sin−1 𝑥𝑥) = sin (tan−1 𝑥𝑥) (Application)

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S.No. Questions

4. [Matrices]
1 , 𝑖𝑖 ≠ 𝑗𝑗
If a matrix A = �𝑎𝑎𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 �2×2, where , 𝑎𝑎𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = � , then 𝐴𝐴−1 is:
0 , 𝑖𝑖 = 𝑗𝑗
(a) I
(b) A
(c) − 𝐴𝐴
(d) − 𝐼𝐼 (Analysis)

5. [Determinants]
If the value of 3rd order determinant is 5, then the value of determinant formed by replacing
its element by its co-factor is:
(a) 5
1
(b) 5
(c) 125
(d) 25 (Application)

6. [Matrices]
0 5 −𝑦𝑦
If A =�−5 0 𝑥𝑥 �, then the value of 𝐴𝐴−1 . (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐴𝐴)𝐴𝐴 is:
𝑦𝑦 −𝑥𝑥 0
(a) 𝐴𝐴2
(b) I
(c) 0
(d) A (Analysis)

7. [Determinants]
𝑝𝑝 𝑝𝑝 𝑝𝑝
If 𝐷𝐷 = �𝑝𝑝 𝑝𝑝 + 𝑥𝑥 𝑝𝑝 � for 𝑝𝑝 ≠ 0, 𝑥𝑥 ≠ 0, 𝑦𝑦 ≠ 0 then D is divisible by:
𝑝𝑝 𝑝𝑝 𝑝𝑝 + 𝑦𝑦
(a) only p.
(b) p and x but not y.
(c) p and y but not x.
(d) p, x and y. (Application)

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S.No. Questions

8. [Determinants]
2 3 5
If adj(A) = �𝑥𝑥 5 1� and |𝐴𝐴| = 4, then the value of 𝑥𝑥 is:
3 3 4
(a) 16
(b) 12
(c) 32
(d) 10 (Application)

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S.No. Questions

9. [Differentiation]
𝑑𝑑
Which of the following could be a sketch of the function 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 (𝑥𝑥 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑥𝑥)?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(Analysis & Application)

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S.No. Questions

10. [Integrals]
2−x
If,∫ �(x−1)2� ex dx = ex f(x) + c, then f(x) will be:
1
(a) x−1

1
(b) 2−x

1
(c) 3−x
1
(d) (Analysis & Application)
1−x

11. [Differential Equations]

An integrating factor of the differential equation:
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 −1
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑥𝑥 (𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑥𝑥)2
𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝑦𝑦. 𝑃𝑃 = 𝑥𝑥 ⋅ 𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥 ⋅ 𝑥𝑥 2 , where P is a function of x, x > 0, is �√𝑒𝑒� , then P is:

(𝑎𝑎) (𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑥𝑥)2

1
(b) log 𝑥𝑥

(𝑐𝑐) log 𝑥𝑥

(d) 𝑒𝑒 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑥𝑥 (Analysis & Evaluate)

12. [Definite Integral]
𝜋𝜋
Identify the correct answer of ∫0 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑛𝑛2024 𝑥𝑥 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑠𝑠 2023 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 ∶

(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) 3 (Analysis)

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S.No. Questions

13. [Probability]
Three fair dice are thrown. What is the probability of getting a total of 15 given that they
exhibit three different numbers that are in arithmetic progression (A.P.)?
1
(a) 4
1
(b) 6
1
(c) 8
1
(d) (Application)
12

14. [Probability]
Rohit and Vishal, two below-average students in a class, are attempting a Mathematics
problem during revision classes. Their respective probabilities of solving the sum correctly
1 1
are 6
and 8
respectively. Their previous experience shows that while solving the same
1
question, the probability of a common mistake is 10. What is the probability that they obtain
the same answer?
3
(a) 4
7
(b) 48
11
(c) 96
9
(d) (Application)
96

15. [Vectors]
The value of 𝚤𝚤̂ ⋅ �𝑘𝑘� × 𝚥𝚥̂� + 𝚥𝚥̂ ⋅ �𝚤𝚤̂ × 𝑘𝑘�� + 𝑘𝑘� . (𝚤𝚤̂ × 𝚥𝚥̂) is:
(a) -3
(b) -2
(c) -1
(d) 0 (Application & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

16. [Vectors]
Four students are playing a game. In a box, there are four strips of paper with four
expressions written on each one. The student who picks up the meaningless expression will
be out of the game.
• Swati picks up the expression 𝑎𝑎⃗ ⋅ �𝑏𝑏�⃗ × 𝑐𝑐⃗�.
• Imran picks up the expression 𝑎𝑎⃗ × �𝑏𝑏�⃗ × 𝑐𝑐⃗�.
• Aryan picks up the expression �𝑎𝑎⃗ ⋅ 𝑏𝑏�⃗� × �𝑐𝑐⃗ ⋅ 𝑑𝑑⃗�.
• Maria picks up the expression �𝑎𝑎⃗ × 𝑏𝑏�⃗� ⋅ �𝑐𝑐⃗ × 𝑑𝑑⃗�.
Who is out of the game?
(a) Swati
(b) Imran
(c) Aryan
(d) Maria (Understanding)

17. [Three-Dimensional Geometry]

If L is the foot of the perpendicular drawn from a point P (a, b, c) on the XY plane, what is
the co-ordinate of L?
(a) (a, b, 0)
(b) (0, 0, c)
(c) (0, b, 0)
(d) (a, 0, 0) (Analysis & Application)

18. [Three-Dimensional Geometry]

Find the equation of the plane passing through the point (2, -1,3) and containing the line:
𝑥𝑥−1 2−𝑦𝑦 𝑧𝑧+1
3
= 4
= 2

(a) 2x - 2y + z = 9
(b) 2x + 2y + z = 5
(c) 11x + 2y + z + 21 =0
(d) 11x – 2y + z +17 =0 (Application)

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S.No. Questions

19. [Application of Calculus]

Rohit joins a career counselling institute as a counsellor. The manager says, “Within a year
I want a breakeven point. For that, I will give you ₹ 24,000 fixed salary per month and the
variable salary will be 25% of the revenue recovered on hiring students at the rate of
₹ 800/- charged from every student.” Find how many students should be admitted by Rohit
in a year in the institute to fulfil his manager's condition.
(a) 30
(b) 40
(c) 80
(d) 100 (Application)

20. [Application of Calculus]

The fixed cost of a new product is ₹200 and the variable cost per unit is ₹ x. If the demand
function p(x) = 30, then what are the value(s) of x that result in a loss given that x units of
the product are sold?
(a) 10 < x < 20
(b) x > 20
(c) x < 10
(d) x < 10 or x > 20 (Application)

21. [Linear Regression]

In statistical modelling, regression analysis is a set of statistical processes for estimating
the relationships between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. The
most common form of regression analysis is linear regression, in which one finds the line
that most closely fits the data according to a specific mathematical criterion.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_analysis
If plotted on a graph, the independent variable is represented along _________
(a) Depends on the dataset.
(b) Y axis.
(c) X axis.
(d) None of the above. (Recall & Application)

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S.No. Questions

22. [Continuity and Differentiability]

The function represented by the given graph is not differentiable at which of the following
points:

(a) -1, 0,1

(b) -1,1
(c) 0
(d) 1 (Application)

23. [Probability]
In an examination, a candidate takes three tests namely 𝛼𝛼 , 𝛽𝛽 , 𝛾𝛾 in succession and the
1
probability of failing the first test 𝛼𝛼 is 2. The probability of passing each succeeding test is
1 1
2
or 4 according to whether he passes or fails in the preceding one. The candidate is selected,
if he passes at least two tests. What is the probability that candidate is selected?

3
(a) 8
1
(b) 8
5
(c) 8
3
(d) (Application)
4

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S.No. Questions

24. [Three-Dimensional Geometry]

In the picture given above, take a look at the double-arrowed lines drawn on the overpass.
This is an example of skew lines in the real world.
Based on this, which of these statements is INCORRECT?
(a) These lines are not parallel.
(b) These lines are intersecting.
(c) These lines are not coplanar.
(d) These lines can only exist in 3 or higher dimensional space. (Application)

25. [Linear Regression]

The graph below shows the two lines of regressions for a certain set of x and y values.
What is the mean of x and mean of y?

(a) 5 and 8
(b) 8 and 5
(c) (1, 0)
(d) The mean of x and mean of y cannot be read from the graph. (Analysis)

26. [Application of Derivatives (Maximum & Minimum)]

A point 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑐𝑐 is called the critical point of a function if:
(a) 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑐𝑐) = 0
(b) 𝑓𝑓 is not differentiable at 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑐𝑐.
(c) both (a) & (b).
(d) none of the above. (Recall & Understanding)

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II. Statement Based Questions (1 Mark Each)

The questions in this section have two/ more statements. Choose the correct option from the ones
given below.

S.No. Questions

27. [Differentiation]
Let 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) be a function such that 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) = g(𝑥𝑥) and 𝑓𝑓 ′′ (𝑥𝑥) = −𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥).
Let ℎ(𝑥𝑥) = {𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)}2 + {g(𝑥𝑥)}2.
Then, consider the following statements:
Statement I: ℎ′ (2024) = 0.
1
Statement II: ℎ(2) = ℎ �2�

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) I only.
(b) II only
(c) Both I and II
(d) Neither I nor II. (Analysis & Evaluate)

28. [Relations and Functions]

Statement I: For any two real numbers 𝑎𝑎 and b, we define 𝑎𝑎 R 𝑏𝑏 if
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 2 𝑎𝑎 − 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡2 𝑏𝑏 = 1. Then, R is transitive.
Statement II: The relation R on the set {2,3,4} defined by R = {(2,2)}is not symmetric.

Which of the following options is correct?

(a) Both the statements are true.
(b) Both the statements are false.
(c) Statement I is true, and Statement II is false.
(d) Statement I is false, and Statement II is true. (Analysis)

29. [Relations and Functions]

1
Statement I: 𝑓𝑓: 𝑅𝑅 → 𝑅𝑅 given by 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑥𝑥 − 2 , is neither injective nor surjective.

3
Statement II: 𝑓𝑓: 𝑍𝑍 → 𝑍𝑍 given by 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = √𝑥𝑥 9 , is neither injective nor surjective.

(a) Both the statements are true.

(b) Both the statements are false.
(c) Statement I is true, and Statement II is false.
(d) Statement I is false, and Statement II is true. (Analysis)

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S.No. Questions

30. [Matrices and Determinants]

In the third-order matrix, 𝑎𝑎𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 denotes the element of the 𝑖𝑖 𝑡𝑡ℎ row and 𝑗𝑗 𝑡𝑡ℎ column:
0 , 𝑖𝑖 ≠ 𝑗𝑗
𝑎𝑎𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 = �
1 , 𝑖𝑖 = 𝑗𝑗
Statement I: A Matrix is an upper triangular matrix.
Statement II: The determinant of the matrix is equal to 1.
Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?
(a) Only I.
(b) Only II.
(c) Both I and II.
(d) Neither I nor II. (Analysis)

31. [Application of Derivatives]

𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 5 + 𝑥𝑥 3 , 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 is a function Rina, Abha and Saurabh have given their opinions about
the function in the following statements:
(i) Rina says that 'y' is an increasing function for all values of x.
(ii) Abha says that 'y' is an odd function.
(iii) Saurabh says that 'y' is symmetrical about the origin.
Related to the above statements, which of the following option is true?
(a) Rina, Abha and Saurabh are correct.
(b) Rina and Abha are correct, but Saurabh is wrong.
(c) Rina and Saurabh are correct, but Abha is wrong.
(d) Saurabh and Abha are correct, but Rina is wrong. (Analysis)

32. [Calculus: Continuity]

1
𝑥𝑥 2 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 �𝑥𝑥� , 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑥𝑥 ≠ 0
Statement I: 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = � is continuous at x= 0 but 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) is not
0 , 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑥𝑥 = 0
continuous at x=0.
Statement II: The derivative of a continuous function need not be a continuous function.
(a) Both (I) and (II) are correct and (II) is the correct explanation of (I).
(b) Both (I) and (II) are correct and (II) is not the correct explanation of (I).
(c) (I) is correct but (II) is incorrect.
(d) (II) is correct but (I) is incorrect. (Analysis)

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S.No. Questions

33. [Definite Integral]

2 𝑥𝑥 2 8
Statement I: ∫−2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 3.
1 + 2𝑥𝑥

𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎
Statement II: ∫−𝑎𝑎 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 2 ∫0 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑, if 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is an even function.
(a) Both the statements are true.
(b) Both the statements are false.
(c) Statement I is false, and statement II is true.
(d) Statement I is true, and statement II is false. (Understanding & Application)

34. [Probability]
For any given events A:
Statement I: Event A and null event ∅ are always independent.
Statement II: Event A and sure event S are always independent.
(a) Both the statements are true.
(b) Both the statements are false.
(c) Statement I is false, and statement II is true.
(d) Statement I is true, and statement II is false. (Analysis)
35. [Linear Regression]
Which of the following statement(s) DOES NOT/DO NOT hold true related to
regression analysis:
Statement I: |r| is the geometric mean of b yx and b xy.
Statement II: b xy , b yx and r all are of the same sign.
Statement III: The two regression lines do not intersect at (𝑥𝑥̅ , 𝑦𝑦�).
Statement IV: −1 ≤ b yx × b xy ≤ 1.
(a) III and IV only.
(b) IV only.
(c) III only.
(d) II and III only. (Recall & Analysis)

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III. Assertion-Reason Questions (1 Mark Each)

S.No. Questions

36. [Relations and Functions]

Assertion(A): The relation f:{m,n,p,q}→{11,12,13,14} defined by
f:{(m,11),(n,12),(p,13)}is a bijective function.
Reason (R): The function f:{m,n,p}→{11,12,13,14} such that f:{(m,11),(n,12),(p,13)}
is one-one.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true; Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false; Reason (R) is true. (Understanding & Application)

37. [Matrices]

𝑑𝑑1 0 0 𝑑𝑑1 −1 0 0
−1
Assertion (A): Let A = � 0 𝑑𝑑2 0 �,then −1
𝐴𝐴 = � 0 𝑑𝑑2 0 �
0 0 𝑑𝑑3 0 0 𝑑𝑑3 −1
Reason (R): If A is a diagonal matrix, then 𝐴𝐴−1 exists, it is also a diagonal matrix.

(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
for Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation for Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, and Reason (R) is false
(d) Assertion (A) is false, and Reason (R) is true. (Analysis)

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S.No. Questions

38. [Probability]
If E 1 and E 2 are two mutually exclusive events associated with a random experiment
and E is an event such that: 𝑃𝑃(𝐸𝐸) ≠ 0.
𝐸𝐸1 ∪ 𝐸𝐸2 𝐸𝐸 𝐸𝐸
Assertion (A): 𝑃𝑃 � � = 𝑃𝑃 � 𝐸𝐸1 � + 𝑃𝑃 � 𝐸𝐸2 � .
𝐸𝐸
Reason (R): For two mutually exclusive events E 1 and E 2 , 𝑃𝑃 (𝐸𝐸1 ∩ 𝐸𝐸2 ) = 0.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
for Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (A) is not the correct
explanation for Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, and Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, and Reason (R) is true. (Analysis)

39. [Vectors]
The vectors �����⃗ �����⃗ , �����⃗
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 , 𝑄𝑄𝑄𝑄 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅, ����⃗
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆, �����⃗ �����⃗ represent the sides of a regular hexagon.
𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈

�����⃗ × �𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
Assertion(A): 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 �����⃗ + 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
����⃗� ≠ �0⃗.
Reason(R): �����⃗
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 × �����⃗
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 = �0⃗ and �����⃗
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 × ����⃗
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 ≠ 0.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of A.
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. (Analysis)

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S.No. Questions

40. [Application of Calculus]

𝑎𝑎
Assertion (A): A company uses a demand function 𝑝𝑝 = 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑏𝑏 − 𝑐𝑐, where 𝑎𝑎, 𝑏𝑏 , 𝑐𝑐 ∈
𝑅𝑅 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 of units. The Marginal Revenue decreases with the increase of x.
Reason (R):
𝑑𝑑
(𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀) < 0 , 𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 0 < 𝑎𝑎 < 𝑏𝑏.
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
Which one of the following options is correct?
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. (Analysis)

41. [Relations & Functions]

Assertion (A): The curve in the graph below is not a one-one function:

Reason (R): If any straight line parallel to y-axis does not cut the curve at more than
one point, then that curve represents a function.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. (Understanding)

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S.No. Questions

42. [Application of Derivatives]

Assertion (A) : Let 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) be a polynomial function of degree 7 such that
𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
�𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)� = (𝑥𝑥 − 2)3 (𝑥𝑥 + 1)2 (7𝑥𝑥 − 2) has a local minimum at 𝑥𝑥 = −1.
Reason (R) : Let 𝑓𝑓 have first derivative at c such that 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑐𝑐)= 0 and 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑐𝑐)> 0 , ∀ 𝑥𝑥 ∈
(𝑐𝑐−𝛿𝛿,𝑐𝑐) , 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑐𝑐)< 0, ∀ 𝑥𝑥 ∈ (𝑐𝑐, 𝑐𝑐+𝛿𝛿,) , then then c is a point of local minimum.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. (Application)

43. [Differentiation]
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 3√𝑥𝑥
Assertion (A) : If 𝑦𝑦 = sin−1�𝑥𝑥 √𝑥𝑥�, then 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 =
2√1−𝑥𝑥 3
𝑑𝑑 1
Reason (R) : 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 (sin−1 𝑥𝑥) = √1− , |𝑥𝑥| ≤ 1.
𝑥𝑥 2
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of A.
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. (Application)

44. [Differential Equations]

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
Assertion (A): Degree of the differential equation 𝑎𝑎 �𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 � + 𝑏𝑏 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑐𝑐 cannot be

determined.
Reason (R): If each term involving derivatives of a differential equation is a polynomial
(or can be expressed as a polynomial) then the highest exponent of the highest order
derivative is called the degree of the differential equation.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. (Recall & Analysis)

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S.No. Questions

45. [Application of Derivatives]

Shown below the graph of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = −2|𝑥𝑥 − 3|.

Assertion (A): Maximum value of the function is 0.

Reason (R) : Minimum value of the function approaches ∞.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. (Application)

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

IV: Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark Each)

S.No. Questions

46. [Inverse Trigonometric Functions]

𝜋𝜋
If the domain of the function 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = �cos−1 (3𝑥𝑥) + 4 is [a, b], then find the value of
a+b. (Analysis & Evaluate)

47. [Determinants]
Each triangular face of the pyramid of Peace of Kazakhstan is made up of 25 smaller
triangles as shown in figure below:

Using the above information and concept of determinant answer the following question.
If (1,2) and (3,6) is the co-ordinates of the two vertices of one of the smaller triangles
and its area is 5 square cm, then find the equation of line on which the third vertex of
the triangle lie. (Analysis & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

48. [Calculus: Differentiation]

The figure given below shows the graph of a function 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥). What is the derivative
of the function?

(Analysis & Application)

49. [Three-dimensional Geometry]

Find the angle between the normal to the planes.
𝑟𝑟⃗ ⋅ �𝚤𝚤̂ − 𝚥𝚥̂ + 𝑘𝑘�� = 3 and 𝑟𝑟⃗ ⋅ �3𝚤𝚤̂ + 2𝚥𝚥̂ − 𝑘𝑘�� + 5 = 0.

(Application)

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S.No. Questions

50. [Application of Calculus]

The Average Revenue (AR) and Marginal Revenue (MR) of a company on selling x units
(on x-axis) is shown in the following graph:

At how many units, should the manufacturer limit production so that each additional
unit DOES NOT bring losses? (Application)

51. [Relations & Functions]

f(x) = x2+2x-3 for x⩾-1.
Given that the minimum value of x2 +2x-3 occurs when x= -1, explain why f(x) has an
inverse. (Analysis)

52. [Relations and Functions]

Explain why x + 4y = 12, x, y ∈ N is NOT a symmetric relation.
(Understanding & Application)

53. [Inverse Trigonometric Function]

𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 𝜋𝜋 𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 2𝜋𝜋 𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 2
If cos−1 𝑎𝑎 − cos −1 𝑏𝑏 = 3
and sin−1 𝑎𝑎 + sin−1 𝑏𝑏 = 3
, then find the value of 4𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏2 .

(Analysis & Application)

54. [Matrices]
𝑎𝑎 6 𝑏𝑏
The matrix A = � 2𝑐𝑐 𝑥𝑥 + 1 8 � is a skew symmetric matrix, then find the value
−1 −8 𝑦𝑦 − 3
of 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 − 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥. (Analysis & Application)

55. [Application of Derivatives]

The displacement, x mt of a particle from a fixed point at time 't' seconds is given by
𝜋𝜋
𝑥𝑥 = 6 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 (3𝑡𝑡 + 3 ).
2𝜋𝜋
Find the acceleration of the particle, when 𝑡𝑡 = . (Application)
3

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S.No. Questions

56. [Definite Intervals]

𝜋𝜋�
Evaluate: ∫−𝜋𝜋�2 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆|𝑥𝑥|𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. (Evaluate)
2

57. [Probability]
Rahul, a class XII student, has a probability of getting a grade A in the examination of
three subjects namely Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry are 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5
respectively. Find the probability that he gets a grade A in none of the subjects.
(Application)

58. [Probability]
If A and B are two events such that 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴̅) = 0 ⋅ 3, 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) = 0 ⋅ 4, 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵� ) = 0 ⋅ 5, then
find the value of 𝑃𝑃�𝐵𝐵 ∕ (𝐴𝐴 ∪ 𝐵𝐵� )�. (Analysis & Application)

59. [Probability]
There are 10 cookies in a box. Six have chocolate centres and four have jam-filled
centres. Shweta randomly chooses a cookie from the box and eats it. Then, Ali randomly
chooses and eats one of the remaining cookies.
What is the probability that Shweta and Ali choose cookies with different centres?
(Analysis & Application)

60. [Probability]
A biased dice is tossed and the respective probabilities for various faces to turn up are:
Face 1 2 3 4 5 6
Probability .10 .24 .19 .18 .15 .14
If an odd face has turned up, then what is the probability that it is face 1 or face 3?
(Analysis & Evaluate)

61. [Vectors]

If |𝑎𝑎⃗| = 1, �𝑏𝑏�⃗� = 2, |𝑐𝑐⃗| = 3 and 𝑎𝑎⃗ + 𝑏𝑏�⃗ + 𝑐𝑐⃗ = 0, then verify 𝑎𝑎⃗ , 𝑏𝑏�⃗, 𝑐𝑐⃗ are NOT mutually
perpendicular. (Application)

62. [Vectors]

If 𝑝𝑝⃗ × 𝑞𝑞⃗ = �0⃗ and 𝑝𝑝⃗ ⋅ 𝑞𝑞⃗ = 0, then what conclusion can we draw? (Analysis)

63. [Three-Dimensional Geometry]

A line makes angles α, 𝛽𝛽 and 𝛾𝛾 with the x, y and z axes respectively. Given that
𝜋𝜋
𝛼𝛼 + 𝛽𝛽 = 2 , then what is the value of 𝛾𝛾? (Analysis & Application)

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S.No. Questions

64. [Three-Dimensional Geometry]

A variable plane at unit distance from the origin cuts the co-ordinate axes at A, B and C.
The centroid of the triangle formed by joining the points A, B and C satisfies the relation
1 1 1
+ 𝑦𝑦 2 + 𝑧𝑧 2 = 𝑘𝑘, then what is the value of k? (Analysis & Application)
𝑥𝑥 2

65. [Three-Dimensional Geometry]

𝑥𝑥+1 𝑦𝑦−1 𝑧𝑧−2
The angle between the line 1
= 2
= 2
and the plane 2𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦 + √𝑘𝑘𝑧𝑧 + 4 = 0 is α.
1
Given sin 𝛼𝛼 = 3, what will be the value of k? (Application)

66. [Application of Calculus]

𝑥𝑥 3
The cost function of a product is given by 𝐶𝐶(𝑥𝑥) = − 45𝑥𝑥 2 − 900𝑥𝑥 where x is the
3
number of units produced. What will be the slope of marginal cost?
(Application)

67. [Application of Calculus]

A company paid ₹ 8475 towards the rent of the building and ₹ 7625 interest on the loan.
The cost of producing one unit of a product is ₹ 20. If each unit is sold for ₹ 27, find the
break-even point. (Application)

68. [Application of Calculus]

The total cost of producing and marketing x units of bulbs by a whole seller is given by
1 2
𝐶𝐶(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑒𝑒 2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑒𝑒
3

What will be the average cost of producing 3 units of bulbs? (Application)

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S.No. Questions

69. [Linear Regression]

Nikhil is investigating the growth patterns of a certain species of slug and measures their
thickness, t, and length, l. The results are shown below:
Thickness Length
t (mm) l (cm)
9 5.9
8 4.1
3 2.1
6 1.8
4 3.0
10 7.8
Using scatter diagram, explain why a line of best fit should not be used for this data?

(Analysis)

70. [Linear Regression]

If the covariance of x and y is 58.08, the variance of x is 121 and the standard deviation
of y is 8 then, find the regression coefficient of x and y. (Recall & Application)

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

V. Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)

S.No. Questions

71. [Relations & Functions]

The values of two functions f and g for certain values of x are given in the following table:
𝑥𝑥 -2 0 3
𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) -12 -4 8
𝑔𝑔(𝑥𝑥) 0 -12 30
(a) Find the value of 𝑓𝑓 −1 (8)?
(b) Given that f(x) is a linear function, find f(x)? (Analysis)

72. [Relations & Functions]

"A function f is called a self-inverse function if f −1 (x) = f(x) for all values of x in the
domain."
𝜋𝜋 2
Let 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = , where 𝑥𝑥 ≠ 0, 𝑥𝑥 ∈ 𝑅𝑅.
𝑥𝑥
Show that 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is a self-inverse function. (Application)

73. [Application of Derivatives]

Rahul sits on a speed boat in an island to do water sports, which is moving along a curve
1
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 in water. Find the number of stationary points. (Analysis & Application)

74. [Continuity & Differentiability]

1−𝑥𝑥 2
The function defined by 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠−1 �1+𝑥𝑥 2 � is differentiable at 𝑥𝑥 = 0.

Is this statement true or false? Give reason for your answer. (Application)

75. [Application of Derivatives]

Seema enjoys a roller coaster ride in Ferrari world by first going downwards and then
upwards to the maximum height. The relation between the distance travelled (cm) with
respect to the time taken to complete the side by Seema is given by the following equation:
1
𝑦𝑦 = 4𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 2
2
where 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠,
(a) What is the rate of change of displacement with respect to the time?
(b) How many seconds it will take her to go to its maximum height?
(Analysis & Evaluate)

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Questions

76. [Differential Equations]

A child is solving an equation 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 = 1 and finds that this is the solution of the following
differential equation: 1 + 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 " + (𝑦𝑦 ′ )2 = 0. Justify his answer. (Application)

77. [Application of Derivatives]

Given 2𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = log|𝑥𝑥|𝑎𝑎 − 𝑏𝑏𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 , if f(x) has extreme values at x = -1 and x = 2, find the
value of a and b. (Application)

78. [Differential Equations]

The solution of 𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑦𝑦 − 𝑦𝑦 𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 = 0 represents a family of straight lines passing through the
origin. Justify. (Application)

79. [Differential Equations]

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
Find the function ‘f’ which satisfies the equation 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
= 2𝑓𝑓, given that 𝑓𝑓(0) = 𝑒𝑒 3 .

(Analysis & Evaluate)

80. [Integrals]
2𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
Evaluate: ∫ 22 ⋅ 22 ⋅ 2𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. (Application & Evaluate)

81. [Integrals]
𝑛𝑛
Evaluate: ∫{𝑓𝑓(𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏)} ⋅ 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏)𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑, 𝑛𝑛 ≠ −1. (Evaluate)

82. [Integrals]
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
Evaluate: ∫ 1 1 . (Application & Evaluate)
𝑥𝑥 �2 − 𝑥𝑥 �3

83. [Vectors]

Derive a condition for which given, 𝑏𝑏�⃗ = 𝑐𝑐⃗, we can say 𝑎𝑎⃗ × 𝑏𝑏�⃗ = 𝑐𝑐⃗ × 𝑎𝑎⃗ ?
(Analysis & Create)
84. [Vectors]

If the angle between 𝑎𝑎⃗ = −3𝚤𝚤̂ + 𝑥𝑥𝚥𝚥̂ + 𝑘𝑘� and 𝑏𝑏�⃗ = 𝑥𝑥𝚤𝚤̂ + 2𝑥𝑥𝚥𝚥̂ + 𝑘𝑘� is acute and the angle
𝜋𝜋
between 𝑏𝑏�⃗ and the x-axis lies between and 𝜋𝜋. Find the range of values for x.
2

(Analysis & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

85. [Application of Calculus]

To launch a new product in his company, Mr. Rajesh spends ₹ 1 lakh on the infrastructure
and the variable cost of the product is estimated as ₹ 150/- per unit. The sale price per unit
is fixed as ₹ 200/-. Additionally, Mr Rajesh also spends ₹ 0.5 per unit squared for marketing.
Find the profit function. Hence, draw an inference regarding the breakeven point.
(Analysis & Evaluate)

86. [Application of Calculus]

Anuj and Ashish launched a new fountain pen in their pen-factory which is consisting of
𝑥𝑥 2
₹ 6400/- as overheads, ₹ 35/- per pen as the cost of material and labour cost, ₹ for x
100
items produced. Find the values of x for which average cost is increasing.
(Analysis)

87. [Inverse Trigonometric Functions]

1 1 1
If tan−1 �1+1⋅2� + tan−1 �7� + ⋯ ⋅ tan−1 �111� = S, then find tan S.
(Application & Evaluate)

88. [Continuity & Differentiability]

The adjacent figure is the graph of function 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥). Give answers to the following
questions.

(a) Name the type of discontinuity of the function.

(b) Give reason for your answer. (Analysis)

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Questions

89. [Vectors]

If �𝑎𝑎⃗ − 𝑏𝑏�⃗� = �𝑎𝑎⃗ + 𝑏𝑏�⃗� in the given figure, what inference can you draw?

(Analysis & Application)

90. [Application of Calculus]
In Z Square Mall in Kanpur, there is a space to keep 300 cars and the entry fees per car is
₹ 20. It is estimated that if the entry fee is decreased by ₹ 5, then 50 additional cars can be
adjusted in the same parking.
Justify that the Marginal Revenue (MR) decreases at a higher rate than the Average Revenue
(AR). (Application)

91. [Application of Differentiation (Tangent & Normal)]

Consider the functions 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = − (𝑥𝑥 − ℎ)2 + 2𝑘𝑘. and g(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥−2 + 𝑘𝑘 , where ℎ , 𝑘𝑘 ∈ R.
(a) Find 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥).
The graphs of f and g have a common tangent at x=3.
(b) Show that: 2ℎ = 𝑒𝑒 + 6. (Understanding & Application)

92. [Indefinite Integration]

Evaluate: ∫ 2𝑥𝑥 [𝑓𝑓′(𝑥𝑥) + 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)log2] 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. (Understanding & Application)

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VI: Long Answer Questions (4 Marks Each)

S.No. Questions

93. [Differentiation & Application of Differentiation]

log 5𝑥𝑥
Let f (𝑥𝑥) = 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
, where 𝑥𝑥 > 0 , k ∈ 𝑅𝑅 + .
1−log 5𝑥𝑥
(a) Show that 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) = 𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥 2
.

The graph of 𝑓𝑓 has exactly one maximum point at P.

(b) Find the 𝑥𝑥 −coordinate of P.
(c) Find 𝑓𝑓 ′′ (𝑥𝑥).
(d) Find the value of x for which𝑓𝑓 ′′ (𝑥𝑥) vanishes. (Recall, Application & Evaluate)

94. [Linear Programming]

A linear programming problem (LPP) is given as:
Maximize 𝑍𝑍 = 𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 subject to the constraints
𝑥𝑥 – 𝑦𝑦 ≥ 0 , 2 ≥ 2𝑦𝑦 − 𝑥𝑥 , 𝑥𝑥 ≥ 0 , 𝑦𝑦 ≥ 0
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.
(a) Find the corner points of the feasible region.
(b) Find the corner point where maximum occurs.
(c) Optimum solution does not exist. Justify your answer.
(Recall, Application & Evaluate)

95. [Application of Integrals]

There are two curves given in the first quadrant as:
x2 + y2 = π2, y = sinx.
(a) What are the points of intersection of both the given curves?
𝜋𝜋 𝜋𝜋 3
(b) What is the value of K, If the ∫0 √𝜋𝜋 2 − 𝑥𝑥 2 dx = ?
𝐾𝐾
(c) Sketch the region enclosed by the given curves in the first quadrant and the y – axis.
(d) Find the area of the region enclosed by the given curves in the first quadrant and the
y – axis.
(Recall, Application & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

96. [Vector Algebra]

Let 𝛼𝛼⃗ = 3 �𝚤𝚤 + 𝚥𝚥̂ and 𝛽𝛽⃗ = 2 �𝚤𝚤 − 𝚥𝚥̂ +3 𝑘𝑘� . If 𝛽𝛽⃗ = 𝛽𝛽
����⃗1 − ����⃗ ����⃗1 is parallel to 𝛼𝛼⃗ and ����⃗
𝛽𝛽2 where 𝛽𝛽 𝛽𝛽2
is perpendicular to 𝛼𝛼⃗.
(a) Find �����⃗
𝛽𝛽1 .
(b) Find ����⃗
𝛽𝛽2.
����⃗1 × ����⃗
(c) Hence, find 𝛽𝛽 𝛽𝛽2 .
(Recall, Application & Evaluate)

97. [Application of Differentiation Increasing and Decreasing Function]

−𝑘𝑘(𝑥𝑥−𝑝𝑝)(𝑥𝑥−𝑞𝑞)
Given 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 2log(𝑥𝑥 − 2) − 𝑥𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑥 + 1 and 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) = .
(𝑥𝑥−𝑘𝑘)

(a) Find 𝑘𝑘 + 𝑝𝑝 + 𝑞𝑞.

(b) The Statement “𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is strictly increasing in (−∞, 1] ∪ (2, 3]” is false. Justify.
(c) Hence, find the intervals(s) in which the function is strictly increasing.

(Understand, Application, Analysis & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

98. [Application of Derivatives (Maximum & Minimum)]

Case Study
The length of the perimeter of a slice of a pizza in the form of a sector of circle is 20 cm.

𝑟𝑟 be the radius of the circle, sectorial angle be 𝜃𝜃 radian and 𝑙𝑙 be the length of the arc.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions.
(a) Express the radius of the sector is expressed in terms of sectorial angle be 𝜃𝜃 radian.
(b) Let A be the area of the slice. Then, express A in terms of r.
(c) For the maximum value of A, find the value of the sectorial angle.
(d) Maximum area of the slice of the pizza is ____________________________.

(Recall, Application & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

99. [Application of Integration (Area under the curve)]

In a classroom, a teacher explains the properties of a particular curve by saying that this
particular curve has beautiful ups and downs. It starts and heads down until π radian, and
then heads up again and is closely related to sine function. Both follow each other at
π
exactly 2 radians apart as shown in the figure given below:

Based on the above information, answer the questions that follow.

(a) Name the curve that the teacher explained in the classroom.
π
(b) Find the area of the curve explained in the passage from 0 to 2 is.
(c) Find the area of the shaded region. (Application)

100. [Relations & Functions]

(a) If a real-valued function is given by:
𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = √25 − 𝑥𝑥 2 is an onto function, then find the co-domain for f(x).
(b) If the domain is given to be [-5,5], is f(x) a one-one function?

(c) Find all possible values of ‘a’ for which 𝑓𝑓(𝑎𝑎) = 4. (Analysis & Evaluate)

101. [Inverse Trigonometric Functions]

Find the value of:
cot [∑25
𝑛𝑛=1 cot
−1 (1
+ ∑𝑛𝑛𝑘𝑘=1 2𝑘𝑘)]1. (Analysis, Application & Evaluate)

102. [Relations & Functions]

1 𝑑𝑑
If 𝑓𝑓: [1, ∞) → [2, ∞) is given by 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 then, find 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥).

(Recall, Application & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

103. [Application of Derivatives]

Find the acute angle between the curves 𝑦𝑦 = |𝑥𝑥 2 − 1|𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑦𝑦 = |𝑥𝑥 2 − 3| at their point of
intersection when x > 0. (Understanding, Application & Evaluate)

104. [Application of Derivatives]

𝑦𝑦 = ln(𝑥𝑥 + 1) − ln𝑥𝑥 is a curve. The tangent to the curve at the point P (1, ln2) meets x-
axis at A and y-axis at B. The normal to the curve at P meets the x-axis at C and y-axis at
D.
(a) Find the slope of tangent at P and find the slope of normal at P.
(b) Find the equation of tangent at P.
(c) Find the equation of normal at P.
(d) Find the co-ordinates of A and C in terms of ln2.
(Understanding, Application & Evaluate)

105. [Differential Equations]

Solve the following differential equation:
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝜋𝜋
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑠𝑠 2 𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥, given that y (0) = 1. Hence, find y�4 �.

(Analysis, Application & Evaluate)

106. [Integrals]
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
Evaluate ∫ 4 (Application, Analysis & Evaluate)
�(𝑥𝑥−1)3 ⋅(𝑥𝑥+2)5

107. [Definite Integrals]

For any function f (x), we have
𝑏𝑏 𝑐𝑐1 𝑐𝑐2 𝑏𝑏
� 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = � 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + � 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑+. . . . . . . . + � 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑.
𝑎𝑎 𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐1 𝑐𝑐𝑛𝑛
Where a < c 1 < c 2 < ....... < c n < b.
2
Based on above information, evaluate: ∫0 |𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3| 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑.
(Create, Analysis, Application & Evaluate)

108. [Probability]
A pot contains 5 red and 2 green balls. At random a ball is drawn from this pot. If a drawn
ball is green, then put a red ball in the pot. If a drawn ball is red, then put a green ball in
the pot. While drawn ball is not replaced in the pot. Now, we draw another ball randomly.
What is the probability that the second ball drawn is a red ball?
(Application & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

109. [Probability]
Rahul and Divya were playing the snakes and ladders board game. Each one had their
own dice to play the game. Rahul was using a red dice, whereas Divya was using a black
dice. In the beginning of the game, they were using their own dice to play. After some
time, in order to play the game faster they both started using both the dice together for
playing.
When Divya rolled both red and black dice together then:
(a) find the conditional probability of obtaining sum greater than 9, given that black dice
resulted in a 5.
(b) find the conditional probability that sum of the number on the dice is not 4, given that
the numbers on the both the dice are different. (Analysis & Application)

110. [Three-dimensional Geometry]

Imagine you are at a point A, a café you visit often. Your friend is at the point B, a bookstore
a few blocks away on a straight road. You want to meet your friend at a point on the line
joining the café and the bookstore. Another friend, who is at home on the other side of the
same road represented by point P, also wants to join. You decide to determine the exact
meeting point by finding the foot of the perpendicular from P on the line joining the café
and the bookstore.
Given that co-ordinates of the café (A) are (1,2,4), of the bookstore(B) are (3,4,5) and the
home are (2,1,3), find the location of the meeting point. (Application & Evaluate)

111. [Three-dimensional Geometry]

Two friends are planning a road trip. One friend stays in City A represented by the position
vector �−2𝚤𝚤̂ + 3𝚥𝚥̂ + 5𝑘𝑘�� .The trip will start from City A and proceed towards the City B
represented by the position vector �𝚤𝚤̂ + 2𝚥𝚥̂ + 3𝑘𝑘� �. The friend living in City C represented by
the position vector 7𝚤𝚤̂ − 𝑘𝑘� will join when the first friend passes through her city.
(a) Find the vector equation for the straight path between the cities A and B.
(b) Hence, find out whether the three cities lie on the same straight path.
(c) If the two friends now plan to travel √126 units along the vector 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 �����⃗ from the City C,
find the position vector of the destination point. (Analysis, Application & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

112. [Three-dimensional Geometry]

In the beautiful town of Darjeeling in the Himalayan foothills, the city planning committee
wants to construct two major roads to connect the various neighbourhoods. The two roads
𝑥𝑥+1 𝑦𝑦+3 𝑧𝑧+5 𝑥𝑥−2 𝑦𝑦−4 𝑧𝑧−6
are represented by the equations 3
= 5
= 7
and 1
= 𝑘𝑘
= 7
. As an in charge of
the planning committee, ensure that these roads lie on the same plane to facilitate efficient
urban planning and infrastructure development.
(a) For what value of k, will the construction meet the requirement?
(b) Hence, find the equation of the plane containing these lines.
(Recall, Analysis & Application)

113. [Three-dimensional Geometry]

The plane px + y + pz = r intersects the co-ordinate axes at A, B and C.
(a) Find the co-ordinates of the points A, B and C.
(b) Find the co-ordinates of orthocentre of the triangle ABC.
(Recall, Understanding & Evaluate)

114. [Application of Integrals]

From any point P (2, 1, 2) perpendiculars PM and PN are drawn to ZX and XY planes.
(a) If O is the origin, find the equation of the plane OMN.
(b) Find θ, if θ is the angle made by OP with the plane OMN.
(c) If α, β and γ are the angles made by OP with the co-ordinate planes, prove that
cosec 2 𝜃𝜃 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2 𝛼𝛼 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2 𝛽𝛽 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2 𝛾𝛾. (Analysis & Evaluate)

115. [Application of Integrals]

Draw a rough sketch and find the area enclosed by the curve 𝑦𝑦 = −𝑥𝑥 2 and the line
𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦 + 2 = 0. (Analysis & Evaluate)

116. [Application of Integrals]

8
Find the area of the region bounded by the x-axis, part of the curve 𝑦𝑦 = 1 + 𝑥𝑥 2 , and
the ordinates x=2 and x=4. If the ordinate at x=a divides the area into two equal parts.
Find the value of a. (Analysis &
Evaluate)
117. [Application of Integrals]
Find the area enclosed between the co-ordinate axis and the curve 𝑦𝑦 2 = 4𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 + 𝜆𝜆) in the
second quadrant. (Analysis & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

118. [Linear Regression]

A study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the number of hours a
student studies per week (X) and their scores on a standardized test (Y). The following
statistical data was collected from a sample of 50 students.
X Y
Mean 15 75
Standard 4 10
Deviation (SD)

The correlation coefficient between X and Y is 0.65.

(a) Estimate the test score for a student who studies 20 hours per week.
(b) If the pass mark is 40, then how many hours does a student need to study to pass?
(Application & Evaluate)

119. [Linear Programming]

The corner points of the feasible region determined by the system of linear constraints
are as shown below:

Answer the following questions.

(a) Let 𝑍𝑍 = 3𝑥𝑥 − 4𝑦𝑦 be the objective function. Find the maximum and minimum value
of 𝑍𝑍 and also the corresponding points at which the maximum and minimum value
occurs.
(b) Let 𝑍𝑍 = 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞 where 𝑝𝑝, 𝑞𝑞 > 0 be the objective function. Find the condition on 𝑝𝑝
and 𝑞𝑞 so that the maximum value of 𝑍𝑍 occurs at 𝐵𝐵(4,10) and 𝐶𝐶(6,8).
(c) State the number of optimal solutions in this case. (Application)

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S.No. Questions

120. [Linear Regression]

A movie cinema is considering significantly reducing the price of their popcorn as they
believe their customers spend more on drinks when they buy popcorn. They recorded
the following data of the daily revenue from popcorn, `x’, and the daily revenue from
drinks, `y’ over 8 randomly selected days.
Popcorn revenue Drinks
(‘x’) revenue
(‘y’)
14 22
12 23
12 17
14 24
16 18
10 25
13 23
12 24
(a) Find 𝑥𝑥‾ , 𝑦𝑦‾.
(b) Using 𝑥𝑥‾ , 𝑦𝑦‾ , find regression coefficient of y on x.
(c) The equation of the regression line y on x is in the form y = a + bx. Calculate the
values of a and b. (Application)
121. [Relations & Functions]
A part of the graph of the function f (x) =2x3 − 3x2 − 12x +8, x ∈ℝ is shown below:

Answer the following questions.

(a) Explain why ‘f’ does not have an inverse.
(b) The domain of ‘f’ is now restricted to a ≤ x ≤ b where a < 0 and b > 0. a and b are
chosen so that f has an inverse and the interval [a, b] is as large as possible. Find the
domain and range of f -1.

(Analysis & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

122. [Probability]
In a Kabaddi league, two matches are being played between Jaipur and Delhi. It is
assumed that the outcomes of two games are independent. The probability of Jaipur
1 3 1
winning, drawing and losing the game against Delhi are 2
, 10
, 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 5
respectively.
Each team gets 5 points for win, 3 points for draw and 0 point for loss in a game. After
two games, find the probability that:
(a) Jaipur has more points than Delhi.
(b) Jaipur and Delhi have equal points. (Application & Evaluate)

123. [Three-dimensional Geometry]

Two drones are being used for soil analysis over an area of farmland. Drone A has been
programmed to fly on the path given by 𝑟𝑟⃗ = 6𝚤𝚤̂ + 2𝐽𝐽̂ + 2𝑘𝑘� + 𝜆𝜆�𝚤𝚤̂ − 2𝚥𝚥̂ + 2𝑘𝑘�� and drone B
has been programmed to fly on the path 𝑟𝑟⃗ = −4𝚤𝚤̂ − 𝑘𝑘� + 𝜇𝜇�3𝚤𝚤̂ − 2𝐽𝐽̂ − 2𝑘𝑘��.
At what points on their respective paths should they reach, so that they will be closest to
each other?
(Analysis & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

124. [Linear Programming]

A manufacturing company produces two types of cell phones, Android and iOS.
The company has resources to make at the most 300 sets a week. It takes ₹1800 to make
an Android set and ₹ 2700 to make an iOS set. The company cannot spend more than
₹648000 a week to make cell phones. The company makes a profit of ₹ 510 per Android
and ₹ 675 per iOS set. If x and y denote, respectively, the number of Android sets and
iOS sets made each week, then formulate this problem as a Linear Programming Problem
(LPP) given that the objective is to maximize the profit. Based on it, answer the questions
that follow.
(a) What will be the maximum profit function on x and y sets?
(write your objective based on the above data).
(b) What will be the values of your objective function in the feasible region?
(at corner points)
(c) At what point the maximum profit will occur?
(d) What’s the weekly cost (in ₹) of manufacturing the sets? (Application)

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VII. Very Long Answer Questions (6 Marks Each)

S.No. Questions

125. [Determinants]
Rajesh wants to purchase some fruits from fruit market. 4 kilograms (kgs) apples, 3 kgs
grapes and 2 kgs oranges cost him ₹600, 2 kgs apples, 4 kgs grapes and 6 kgs oranges
cost him ₹900, and 6 kgs apples, 2 kgs grapes and 3 kgs oranges cost him ₹700.
Using the given information, answer the following questions.
(a) Express the given data in the form of a set of simultaneous equation.
(b) Solve the set of simultaneous equations formed in sub part (a) by matrix method.
(c) Hence, find how much Rajesh has to pay per kilogram (Kg) for each fruit.
(Create, Application & Evaluate)
126. [Probability]
In a raffle draw, 1000 raffle tickets are sold for ₹1 each. Each has an equal chance of
winning. First prize is ₹300, second prize is ₹200, and third prize is ₹100. Let X denote
the net gain from the purchase of one ticket.

(a) Construct the probability distribution of X.

(b) Find the probability of winning any money in the purchase of one ticket.
(c) Find the expected value of X and interpret its meaning.
(Create & Evaluate)

127. [Probability]
Ram and Shyam play a game with a coin. Ram stakes ₹1.00 and throws the coin 4 times.
If he throws 4 heads, he gets his stake and ₹3.00 from Shyam. If he throws only three
heads and they are consecutive, he gets his stake and ₹2.00 from Shyam. If he throws
only 2 heads and they are consecutive, he gets his stake and ₹1.00 from Shyam. In all
other cases, Shyam takes the stake money. Is this game fair? Provide reasons for your
answer.
(Analysis & Evaluate)

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S.No. Questions

128. [Application of Calculus]

The fuel cost per hour for running a ship is proportional to the square of the speed
generated in knots. The fuel cost is ₹ 75/h at 10 knots and the fixed charges amount to
₹ 1000/h.
(a) Given that the fuel cost per hour is k times the square of the speed, the ship generates
in km per hour, then what is the value of ‘k’?
(b) What will be the cost per unit distance?
(c) Determine the most economical speed to run the ship. (Analysis & Evaluate)

129. [Integrals]
𝑥𝑥
𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
Evaluate: ∫ 4
𝑥𝑥 (Application & Evaluate)
1−𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
4

130. [Integrals]
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑥𝑥+𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑡𝑡 3 𝑥𝑥
Evaluate the following Integrals:∫ � � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 (Application & Evaluate)
1+𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 3 𝑥𝑥

131. [Continuity & Differentiability]

𝑎𝑎 + sin−1(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑏𝑏), 𝑥𝑥 ≥ 1 ′ (1)
Let f (𝑥𝑥) = � , 𝑓𝑓 exists.
𝑥𝑥 , 𝑥𝑥 < 1
(a) The statement “𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is continuous at 𝑥𝑥 = 1” is true. Justify.
(b) Hence, find a relation between 𝑎𝑎 and 𝑏𝑏.
(c) Find 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥).
(d) Hence, find the values of 𝑎𝑎 and 𝑏𝑏.

(Recall, Understanding, Application & Evaluate)

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Questions

132. [Differentiation & Application of Differentiation]

Let 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = cos 𝑥𝑥 + √3 sin 𝑥𝑥 , 0 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋𝜋.
The following diagram shows the graph 𝑓𝑓.

The 𝑦𝑦 −intercept is at (0, 1) and intersects 𝑥𝑥 −axis at C and D. There is a minimum point
at A(𝑝𝑝 , 𝑞𝑞) and a maximum point at B.
Based on the above information, answer the questions that follow.
(a) Write 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) in the form of λcos(𝑥𝑥 + 𝜇𝜇).
(b) Find the value of q.
(c) Find the coordinate of the point B.
(d) Find the interval 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is decreasing.
(e) Find the slope of the tangent to the curve at D.
(f) Find the slope of the normal to the curve at C.
(Understanding, Application, Evaluate & Create)

133. [Differential Equations]

Consider the following differential Equation and answer the questions.
𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦
�𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 � � + 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 � �� 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 − �𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 � � − 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 � �� 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 = 0
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑦𝑦
(a) Transform the above equation in the form 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑓𝑓 �𝑥𝑥 �.
(b) Use appropriate substitution to transform it into variable separable form.
(c) Write the differential equation in variable separable form.
𝑦𝑦
(d) Prove that the solution of the differential equation is 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 �𝑥𝑥 � = 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥.
(e) Find the solution if x =1, y =1.

(Analysis & Evaluate)

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Questions

134. [Application of Derivative (Maximum and Minimum)]

Sonia watches a painting which has its bottom edge 2 meters (m) above eye level and
its top edge is 3 m above eye level as shown in the diagram.

Based on the above information answer the questions that follow.

(a) Given 𝛼𝛼 and 𝜃𝜃 as shown in the diagram, find tan 𝛼𝛼 and tan(𝛼𝛼 + 𝜃𝜃).
(b) Find 𝜃𝜃 in terms of 𝑥𝑥 only.
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
(c) Find 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 .
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
(d) Find 𝑥𝑥 so that 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 0 .
(e) Use 1st derivative test, find the distance Sonia should stand from the wall to
maximize her viewing angle of the painting.
(Recall, Application & Evaluate)

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

ANSWER KEY

S.No. Expected Answers

1. (d) 16

𝜋𝜋
2. (a) 2 and 2𝜋𝜋

3. (a) sin (cos−1 x) = cos (sin−1 x)

4. (b) A

5. (d) 25

6. (c) 0

7. (d) p, x and y.
(a) 16
8.
9. (c)

1
10. (d) 1−𝑥𝑥

11. (c) log x

12. (a) 0

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 44

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

1
13. (b)
6
14. (d) 96
9

15. (c) -1

16. (c) Aryan

17. (a) (a, b, 0)

18. (b) 2x + 2y + z = 5

19. (b) 40

20. (d) x < 10 or x > 20

21. (c) X axis.

22. (a) -1, 0,1

3
23. (a) 8

24. (b) These lines are intersecting.

25. (a) 5 and 8

26. (c) both (a) & (b).

27. (c) Both I and II.

28. (c) Statement I is true, and Statement II is false.

29. (c) Statement I is true, and Statement II is false.

30. (b) Only II.

31. (a) Rina, Abha, and Saurabh are correct.

32. (a) Both (I) and (II) are correct and (II) is the correct explanation of (I).

33. (a) Both the statements are true.

34. (a) Both the statements are true.

35. (a) III and IV only.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 45

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

36. (d) Assertion (A) is false, and Reason (R) is true.

37. (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not correct explanation
for Assertion (A).

38. (a) Both Assertion(A) and Reason(R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
for Assertion (A).

39. (c) Assertion(A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

40. (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

41. (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of Assertion (A).

42. (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

43. (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

44. (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

45. (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

46. 0

47. Let the third vertex be (x, y), then we get

1 1 2 1
�3 6 1� = ±5
2 𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 1
6 − 𝑦𝑦 − 6 + 2𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 − 6𝑥𝑥 = ±10
2𝑦𝑦 − 4𝑥𝑥 = ±10
y − 2x = ±5
48. 𝑦𝑦 = | 𝑥𝑥 + 3|
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑥𝑥 + 3
=
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 |𝑥𝑥 + 3|
49. 900

50. 30 units. From the graph MR becomes zero at x=30. Hence, after 30 units MR becomes
negative, so each additional unit thereafter bring losses.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 46

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

51. It is a one-one function because the function is always increasing for the given restricted
domain. Reason-we are told that the function has a domain of x⩾-1. So, it is only half of
a quadratic graph. This means that we have a one-one function, since every point y will
only have one value of x. It is also onto. Since one-one and onto functions are invertible,
the given function is also invertible.

52. x+ 4y = 12; x, y ∈ N
The co-ordinate (4,2) satisfies the equation, x + 4y = 12. But the co-ordinates (2, 4) do
not satisfy the equation x + 4y = 12.
Hence, not a symmetric relation.

53. 2

54. 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 − 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥

=0−3+3=0
55. - 27 mt/sec2

56. 2

57. 0.280

58. 0.25
24
59.
45
60. 29
44

61. 𝑎𝑎⃗ ⋅ 𝑏𝑏�⃗ + 𝑏𝑏�⃗ ⋅ 𝑐𝑐⃗ + 𝑐𝑐⃗ ⋅ 𝑎𝑎⃗ = -7 i.e. ≠ 0. Hence 𝑎𝑎⃗ , 𝑏𝑏�⃗, 𝑐𝑐⃗ are not mutually perpendicular.

62. Either 𝑝𝑝⃗ = �0⃗ or 𝑞𝑞⃗ = �0⃗

63. π
2

64. 9

65. 5
3

66. Slope of MC= 2𝑥𝑥 − 90.

67. 2300

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 47

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

68. AC = = 1 +
𝑒𝑒 6
+ 𝑒𝑒
3

69.

A line of best fit should not be used as the data is not linear.
58.08
70. r = 11×8 =0.66
11
Regression coefficient of x and y (b xy )= 0.66 × 8
∴ b xy = 0.9075

71. 𝑓𝑓(3) = 8

∴ 𝑓𝑓 −1 (8) = 3
Since, f(x) is a linear function,
So, the graph of y=f(x) is a straight line.
−4 + 12 8
𝑚𝑚 = = =4
0+2 2
∴y = 4x + (-4) (∵y – intercept = -4 from the table)
y = 4x – 4
∴ f(x) = 4x - 4

72. Let 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥)

𝜋𝜋 2 𝜋𝜋 2 −1 𝜋𝜋 2
∴ y= ⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥) =
𝑥𝑥 𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥
∴ 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is a self -inverse function.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 48

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

1
73. 𝑦𝑦 =
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐2𝑥𝑥
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 4𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐2𝑥𝑥
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
= − 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠2 2𝑥𝑥

∴ 0 < 𝑥𝑥 < π
∴ It is not defined for 𝑥𝑥 = 0, π 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠2π = 0
∴ for stationary points
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
=0

⇒ 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐2𝑥𝑥 = 0
π 3π
∴ 2𝑥𝑥 = 2 , 2
π 3π
∴ 𝑥𝑥 = 4 , 4

2 stationary points.

74. The given function is not differentiable at 𝑥𝑥 = 0. Hence the statement is false.
1−𝑥𝑥 2
𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆−1 �1+𝑥𝑥 2�
𝜋𝜋 1−𝑥𝑥 2
= 2 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 −1 �1+𝑥𝑥 2 �
𝜋𝜋
− 2𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡−1 𝑥𝑥, 𝑥𝑥 ≥ 0
f(x) = �𝜋𝜋2 −1
�
2
+ 2𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥, 𝑥𝑥 < 0
𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) =
−2
⎧ , 𝑥𝑥 > 0 ⎫
⎪ 1 + 𝑥𝑥 2 ⎪
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑, 𝑥𝑥 = 0
⎨ 2 ⎬
⎪ , 𝑥𝑥 < 0 ⎪
⎩ 1 + 𝑥𝑥 2 ⎭

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 1
75. = 4 − × 2𝑥𝑥
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 2
= 4 – 𝑥𝑥.
To reach maximum height
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
=0
∴ 4 − 𝑥𝑥 = 0
∴ 𝑥𝑥 = 4 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑑𝑑2 𝑦𝑦
and 𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 2
= −1 < 0

∴ Height is maximum after 4 seconds.

76. 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 = 1
2𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
Again differentiating
1 + 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 " + (𝑦𝑦 ′ )2 = 0

77. 𝑎𝑎 1 1
𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) = log|𝑥𝑥| − 𝑏𝑏𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥
2 2 2
𝑎𝑎 1
𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) = − 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 +
2𝑥𝑥 2
At x = -1,
-a + 2b = -1
At x = 2,

a – 8b = -2
1
a = 2, b = 2

78. 𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑦𝑦 − 𝑦𝑦 𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 = 0

𝑑𝑑𝑦𝑦 𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥
⇒ =
𝑦𝑦 𝑥𝑥
log 𝑦𝑦 = log 𝑥𝑥 + log 𝑐𝑐
⇒ 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 which represents a family of straight lines passing through the origin.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 50

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

79. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
= 2𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑓𝑓
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑓𝑓 = 2𝑥𝑥 + 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑐𝑐
𝑓𝑓
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 � � = 2𝑥𝑥
𝑐𝑐
𝑓𝑓(0) = 𝑒𝑒 3 => 𝑓𝑓 = 𝑒𝑒 3 when 𝑥𝑥 = 0
𝑒𝑒 3 = 𝑐𝑐. 𝑒𝑒 0
𝑐𝑐 = 𝑒𝑒 3
∴ 𝑓𝑓 = 𝑒𝑒 2𝑥𝑥+3

80. 𝑑𝑑 2𝑥𝑥
Let 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 22 = 𝑡𝑡
2x 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
 2 2 ⋅ 2 2 ⋅ 2 x (𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 2)3 = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
x

2𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
 22 ⋅ 22 ⋅ 2𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = (𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 2)3
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
∴ ∫ (𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
2)3
𝑥𝑥
22
2
= + 𝑐𝑐
(𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 2)3
81. Let, 𝑓𝑓(𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏) = 𝑡𝑡 ⇒ 𝑓𝑓′(𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏). 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
I = ∫ 𝑡𝑡 𝑛𝑛 ⋅ 𝑎𝑎

1 𝑛𝑛+1
= �𝑓𝑓(𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏)� + 𝑐𝑐, 𝑛𝑛 ≠ −1
𝑎𝑎(𝑛𝑛 + 1)

82. let 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑡𝑡 6
6𝑡𝑡 5 = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑡𝑡 5
6� 3 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑡𝑡 − 𝑡𝑡 2
1
= 6 ∫ �𝑡𝑡 2 + 𝑡𝑡 + 1 + 𝑡𝑡−1� 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

𝑡𝑡 3 𝑡𝑡 2
6 � + + 𝑡𝑡 + 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(𝑡𝑡 − 1)� + 𝑐𝑐
3 2
1 1
1 13
= 6 �3 √𝑥𝑥 + 2 √𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 6 + log �𝑥𝑥 6 − 1�� + 𝑐𝑐

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 51

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

83. a�⃗ × �⃗
b = c⃗ × a�⃗
⇒ a�⃗ × �⃗
b − c⃗ × a�⃗ = �0⃗
⇒ 𝑎𝑎⃗ × 𝑏𝑏�⃗ + 𝑎𝑎⃗ × 𝑐𝑐⃗ = �0⃗
⇒ 𝑎𝑎⃗ × �𝑏𝑏�⃗ + 𝑐𝑐⃗� = �0⃗
�⃗ + b
⇒ a�⃗ × �b �⃗� = �0⃗
⇒ a�⃗ × 2b�⃗ = �0⃗
⇒ 2�a�⃗ × �⃗
b� = �0⃗
Condition will be a�⃗ × �⃗b = �0⃗.
84. a�⃗ . �⃗
b > 0 as the angle is acute.
⇒−3𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 2 + 1 > 0
⇒ (x-1) (2x-1)>0
1
⇒ 𝑥𝑥 < 2 or 𝑥𝑥 > 1
𝜋𝜋
𝑏𝑏�⃗ ⋅ 𝚤𝚤̂ < 0 as the angle lies between 2 and 𝜋𝜋
⇒𝑥𝑥 < 0

85. 𝐶𝐶(𝑥𝑥) = 1,00,000 + 150𝑥𝑥 + 0.5x2

𝑅𝑅(𝑥𝑥) = 200𝑥𝑥

Profit function
= 𝑃𝑃(𝑥𝑥)
= 𝑅𝑅(𝑥𝑥) − 𝐶𝐶(𝑥𝑥)
= 200𝑥𝑥 − 1,00,000 − 150𝑥𝑥 − 0.5𝑥𝑥²

For breakeven point,

𝑃𝑃(𝑥𝑥) = 0
⇒ 0.5𝑥𝑥 2 − 50𝑥𝑥 + 1,00,000 = 0
⇒ 𝑥𝑥 2 − 100𝑥𝑥 + 2,00,000 = 0
The discriminant is negative for the above quadratic equation. So, it is not possible to
reach the breakeven point.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 52

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

86. The cost of material for producing x pens = ₹ 35 x

𝑥𝑥 2
overheads cost ₹ 6400/- and labour cost of producing x items = ₹ 100
∴ Total cost of producing x items.
𝑥𝑥 2
𝐶𝐶 (𝑥𝑥) = 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅. �6400 + 35𝑥𝑥 + �
100
∴ Average cost
𝐶𝐶(𝑥𝑥)
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 =
𝑥𝑥
6400 𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑 6400 𝑥𝑥
=₹ � 𝑥𝑥
+ 35 + 100� 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 � 𝑥𝑥
+ 35 + 100�
−6400 1
= 𝑥𝑥 2
+
100
(𝑥𝑥+800)(𝑥𝑥−800)
=− >0
100𝑥𝑥 2
for −800 < 𝑥𝑥 < 800
But 𝑥𝑥 can’t be negative.
Hence, 0 < 𝑥𝑥 < 800.
1 1 1
87. tan−1 � � + tan−1 � � + ⋯ tan−1 � �=S
1 + 1.2 1 + 2.3 1 + 10.11
2−1 3−2 11 − 10
∴ tan−1 � � + tan−1 � � + ⋯ tan−1 � �=S
1 + 2.1 1 + 3.2 1 + 11 ⋅ 10
(tan−1 2 − tan−1 1) + (tan−1 3 − tan−1 2) + ⋯ … . +(tan−1 11 − tan−1 10) = 𝑆𝑆

tan−1 11 − tan−1 1 = S

10
tan−1 =S
12

5
= tan S
6

(a) Non removable discontinuity.

88.
(b) From the graph,at x =1, LHL ≠ RHL.
At x=1, we cannot infer what the limit is, as L.H.L.=2 and R.H.L.=1. So the
function is not continuous as there is jump discontinuity.
Hence, the function has non removable discontinuity at x =1.

89. �𝑎𝑎⃗ − 𝑏𝑏�⃗� = �𝑎𝑎⃗ + 𝑏𝑏�⃗�

2 2
⇒ �𝑎𝑎⃗ + 𝑏𝑏�⃗� = �𝑎𝑎⃗ − 𝑏𝑏�⃗�
⇒ (𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏)2 = (𝑎𝑎 − 𝑏𝑏)2
𝑎𝑎⃗2 + 2𝑎𝑎⃗ ⋅ 𝑏𝑏�⃗ + 𝑏𝑏�⃗ 2 = 𝑎𝑎⃗ 2 − 2𝑎𝑎⃗ ⋅ 𝑏𝑏�⃗ + 𝑏𝑏�⃗ 2
⇒ 4𝑎𝑎⃗ ⋅ 𝑏𝑏�⃗ = 0 ⇒ 𝑎𝑎⃗ ⋅ 𝑏𝑏�⃗ = 0
⇒ 𝑎𝑎 ⊥ 𝑏𝑏
The diagonals of a parallelogram are equal if it is a rectangle.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 53

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

90. Let ₹ x per car be the parking fee and y be the no. of cars standing in the parking area
∴ Revenue = 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅. 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥
Let 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏, where a and b are constants
It is given 𝑡𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑦𝑦 = 300 𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥 = 20 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑦𝑦 = 350 𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥 = 15
∴ 300 = 𝑎𝑎 + 20𝑏𝑏 (𝑖𝑖)
and 350 = 𝑎𝑎 + 15𝑏𝑏 (𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖)
Solving simultaneously, we get
𝑎𝑎 = 500, 𝑏𝑏 = −10
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
𝑦𝑦 = 500 − 10𝑥𝑥
∴ R(Revenue) = 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥
= 𝑥𝑥(500 − 10𝑥𝑥)
𝑅𝑅(𝑥𝑥) = 500𝑥𝑥 − 10𝑥𝑥 2
⇒MR = 500 − 2𝑥𝑥
⇒MR = 0 when x = 25
Also, AR = 500 − 10𝑥𝑥
AR = 0 when x =50.
∴ MR decreases at a higher rate than AR.

91. (a) 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) = −2(𝑥𝑥 − ℎ)

(b)∵, f (x) and g(x) have common tangent at x=3.

⇒slopes of the tangents to the two curves at x=3 are equal.

⇒𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) = 𝑔𝑔′ (3) [∵g(x)=𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥−2 + 𝑘𝑘

⇒-2 (3-h)= 𝑒𝑒 g’(x)= 𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥−2

∴ 2h= 𝑒𝑒 +6 ⇒g’ (3)= 𝑒𝑒]

Hence, proved.

92. 2𝑥𝑥 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) + 𝑐𝑐

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 54

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

log 5𝑥𝑥
93. (a)f (x)= , x>0, k ∈ 𝑅𝑅 + .
𝐾𝐾𝐾𝐾

1 5𝑥𝑥
=𝐾𝐾 . 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 𝑥𝑥
𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑
1 𝑥𝑥.𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 (log 5𝑥𝑥)−log 5𝑥𝑥.𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑(𝑥𝑥)
Therefore, f’(x)= 𝐾𝐾 𝑥𝑥 2
1
1 𝑥𝑥.5𝑥𝑥.5−log 5𝑥𝑥
=𝐾𝐾 . 𝑥𝑥 2
1−log 5𝑥𝑥
f’(x)= 𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥 2
Hence, proved.
𝑒𝑒
(b) 𝑥𝑥 −coordinate of P is 5
(2 log 5𝑥𝑥−3)
(c) 𝑓𝑓 ′′ (𝑥𝑥)=
𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥 3

1 3
(d) 5 𝑒𝑒 2

94. (a) (0,0), (2,2).

(b) (2,2)
(c) At (2,2), z = x +2y = 6. As the feasible region is unbounded, hence, largest value 6
may or may not be maximum.
After plotting half plane x +2y > 6, we found that there are common points with feasible
region. Hence, optimum solution does not exist.

95. (a) (0,0) and (0, π)

(b) k=4
(c)

𝜋𝜋 3
(d) = – 2s
4

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 55

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

96. ����⃗1 =
(a) 𝛽𝛽
3 1
�𝚤𝚤 + 2 𝚥𝚥̂
2
1 3
(b) ����⃗
𝛽𝛽2 = − 2 �𝚤𝚤 + 2 𝚥𝚥̂ −3 𝑘𝑘�
3 9 5
����⃗1 × ����⃗
(c) 𝛽𝛽 𝛽𝛽2 = − 2 �𝚤𝚤 + 2 𝚥𝚥̂ + 2 𝑘𝑘�

97. (a) 𝑘𝑘 + 𝑝𝑝 + 𝑞𝑞 = 6.
(b) 𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) ≥ 0 , ∀𝑥𝑥 ∈ (−∞, 1] ∪ (2,3]. But domain of 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is ∈ (2, ∞).
∴ The Statement “𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥) is strictly increasing in (−∞, 1] ∪ (2,3]” is false.
(c) 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is strictly increasing in (2,3].

98. (a) 𝑟𝑟 = 𝜃𝜃 + 2
20

(b) 10𝑟𝑟 − 𝑟𝑟 2
(c) 2𝑐𝑐
(d) 25 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐2
99. (a) cosine.
(b) 1 sq unit.
(c) 2 –√2 sq. units.

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

100. (𝑎𝑎) 𝑦𝑦 = �25 − 𝑥𝑥 2

⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = �25 − 𝑦𝑦 2

25 − 𝑦𝑦 2 ≥ 0
⇒ (5 − 𝑦𝑦)(5 + 𝑦𝑦) ≥ 0

⇒ −5 ≤ 𝑦𝑦 ≤ 5
But,
𝑦𝑦 ≥ 0
∴ Range is [0.5].
Given, f(x) is an onto function the range is equal to the co-domain.
∴ co-domain of f(x) is [0,5]

(b) Let 𝑥𝑥1 , 𝑥𝑥2 ∈ [−5,5].

If 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥1 ) = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥2 )
⇒ �25 − 𝑥𝑥12 = �25 − 𝑥𝑥22
⇒ 𝑥𝑥1 = ±𝑥𝑥2
∴f(x) is not one-one in the given domain.

(c) f(a)=4
⇒√25 − 𝑎𝑎2 = 4
⇒ 25 − 𝑎𝑎2 = 16
⇒ 𝑎𝑎2 = 9
∴𝑎𝑎 = {−3,3}

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 57

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

101. cot [∑25

𝑛𝑛=1 cot
−1 (1
+ ∑𝑛𝑛𝑘𝑘=1 2𝑘𝑘)]
25
𝑛𝑛(𝑛𝑛 + 1)
= cot �� cot −1 �1 + 2 × ��
2
𝑛𝑛=1
25

= cot �� cot −1 (𝑛𝑛2 + 𝑛𝑛 + 1)�

𝑛𝑛=1

25
1
= cot �� tan−1 � ��
𝑛𝑛2 + 𝑛𝑛 + 1
𝑛𝑛=1

25
𝑛𝑛 + 1 − 𝑛𝑛
= cot �� tan−1 � ��
1 + 𝑛𝑛(𝑛𝑛 + 1)
𝑛𝑛=1

25

= cot �� tan−1 (𝑛𝑛 + 1) − tan−1 (𝑛𝑛)�

𝑛𝑛=1

= cot [tan−1 (26) − tan−1 (1)]

25
= cot �tan−1 �
27
27 27
= cot �cot −1 25� = 25

27
=
25

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 58

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

1
102. 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 +
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 2 +1
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥

𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 2 + 1
𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 𝑜𝑜
𝑦𝑦±�𝑦𝑦 2 −4
𝑥𝑥 = 2

𝑦𝑦±�𝑦𝑦 2 −4
𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑦𝑦) = 2
𝑥𝑥 ± √𝑥𝑥 2 − 4
𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥) =
2
Since range of inverse function is [1, ∞), then
𝑥𝑥+√𝑥𝑥 2 −4
𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥) = 2

𝑥𝑥−√𝑥𝑥 2 −4
𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥) = then 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥) > 1 is possible when,
2

𝑥𝑥−√𝑥𝑥 2 −4
>1
2

𝑥𝑥 − √𝑥𝑥 2 − 4 > 2
(𝑥𝑥 − 2)2 > 𝑥𝑥 2 − 4
𝑥𝑥 4 + 4 − 4𝑥𝑥 > 𝑥𝑥 2 − 4
8 > 4𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 < 2
which is not possible since x > 2 (given).
𝑥𝑥+√𝑥𝑥 2 −4
∴ 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥) = 2
𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥)
1 2𝑥𝑥
= �1 + �
2 𝑥𝑥√𝑥𝑥 2 − 4
1 (x+√x2 −4)
=2 √x2 −4

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 59

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

|𝑥𝑥 2 − 1| = |𝑥𝑥 2 − 3|
103.
(𝑥𝑥 2 − 1)2 = (𝑥𝑥 2 − 3)2
2𝑥𝑥 (2𝑥𝑥 2 − 4) = 0
2𝑥𝑥 2 = 4,
𝑥𝑥 ≠ 0 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑥𝑥 > 0
𝑥𝑥 = ±√2
But,
𝑥𝑥 = √2 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑥𝑥 > 0
We have point of intersection as 𝑥𝑥 = √2
𝑦𝑦 = |𝑥𝑥 2 − 1| = 𝑥𝑥 2 − 1 in the neighborhood of 𝑥𝑥 = √2 and 𝑦𝑦 = −(𝑥𝑥 2 − 3) in the
neighbourhood of 𝑥𝑥 = √2
Now at 𝑥𝑥 = √2,
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
for first curve
𝑑𝑑𝑦𝑦
𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥
= 2𝑥𝑥 = 2√2 and
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
for second curve
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
= −2√2
2√2−(−2√2)
∴ tanθ = �1+(2√2)(−2√2)�
4√2 4√2
tanθ = � �=
−7 7
4√2
𝜃𝜃 = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡−1 � �
7

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 60

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

104. (a)𝑦𝑦 = ln �
𝑥𝑥+1
�
𝑥𝑥
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥×1−(𝑥𝑥+1)
= 𝑥𝑥+1 ×
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑥𝑥 2
−1
= 𝑥𝑥(𝑥𝑥+1)

slope of tangent 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑃𝑃

−1
𝑚𝑚1 = 2

slope of normal at P 𝑚𝑚2 = 2

(b) Equation of tangent at P
−1
𝑦𝑦 − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2 = (𝑥𝑥 − 1)
2

2𝑦𝑦 − 2𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2 = −𝑥𝑥 + 1

𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2 + 1
(c) Equation of Normal at P
𝑦𝑦 − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2 = 2(𝑥𝑥 − 4)
𝑦𝑦 − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 8
2𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦 = 8 − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2
(d) Since the tangent at P meets x axis at A (𝑥𝑥1 , 0)
Equation of tangent
𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2 + 1
𝑥𝑥1 = 2𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2 + 1
∴ A (2𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2 + 1, 0)
Since, the normal meets x axis at C (𝑥𝑥2 , 0).
Equation of normal
2𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦 = 8 − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2
2𝑥𝑥2 − 0 = 8 − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2
8−𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2
𝑥𝑥2 = 2
8−𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙2
∴C� 2
, 0�

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 61

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
105. The given D. E is 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝑦𝑦 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 2 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 2 𝑥𝑥
2 𝑥𝑥𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
∴ I.F = 𝑒𝑒 ∫ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
= 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥
So, the solution of the D. E is given by
𝑦𝑦 ⋅ 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 = � 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 ⋅ 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 2 𝑥𝑥 ⋅ 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝑐𝑐

Let 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑡𝑡, so that 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 2 𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

𝑦𝑦 ⋅ 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 = � 𝑡𝑡 ⋅ 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝑐𝑐
𝑦𝑦 ⋅ 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡 − 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡 + 𝑐𝑐
𝑦𝑦𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 ⋅ 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐
Given 𝑥𝑥 = 0 then 𝑦𝑦 = 1
c=2
∴ Required Solution:
𝑦𝑦 ⋅ 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑒𝑒 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥 + 2
𝑦𝑦 = tan 𝑥𝑥 − 1 + 2𝑒𝑒 − tan 𝑥𝑥
𝜋𝜋 2
∴ y�4 � = 𝑒𝑒

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
106. �4
�(𝑥𝑥 − 1)3 ⋅ (𝑥𝑥 + 2)5
dx
= ∫ 3
 x −1 
 ⋅( x + 2 )
8
4 
 x + 2
3�
𝑥𝑥 − 1 − 4 1
= �� � × 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑥𝑥 + 2 (𝑥𝑥 + 2)2
𝑥𝑥−1
let 𝑥𝑥+2 = 𝑡𝑡
3
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
(𝑥𝑥 + 2)2
3�
1 − 4
∴ 𝐼𝐼 = � 𝑡𝑡 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
3
4 1
=3 𝑡𝑡 4
1
4 𝑥𝑥 − 1 4
= � � + 𝑐𝑐
3 𝑥𝑥 + 2

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 62

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

107. We have 𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3 = (𝑥𝑥 + 3)(𝑥𝑥 − 1). The sign of 𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3 for different values
of x are shown.

−(𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3);𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖0 < 𝑥𝑥 < 1

|𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3| = � 2 �
(𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3) ;𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖1 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 2
∴ 𝐼𝐼
1 2
=� |𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3| 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + � |𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3| 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
0 1
1 2
= � −(𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3) 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + � (𝑥𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 3) 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
2
0 1
3 2 1 3 2
𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 2
= −� + − 3𝑥𝑥� + � + − 3𝑥𝑥�
3 2 0
3 2 1
1 23 1
= − �� − 1 − 3� − 0� + [� + 22 − 3 × 2� − � + 1 − 3�]
3 3 3
= 4.
108. Let the following events:
G 1 - the 1st ball drawn is green.
R 1 - the 1st ball drawn is red.
R - the second ball drawn is red.
2 5
𝑃𝑃(𝐺𝐺1 ) = , 𝑃𝑃(𝑅𝑅1 ) =
7 7
𝑅𝑅 6 𝑅𝑅 4
𝑃𝑃 �𝐺𝐺 � = 7 𝑃𝑃 �𝑅𝑅 � = 7
1 1
𝑅𝑅 𝑅𝑅
𝑃𝑃(𝑅𝑅) = 𝑃𝑃(𝐺𝐺1 ). 𝑃𝑃 � � + 𝑃𝑃(𝑅𝑅1 ). 𝑃𝑃 � �
𝐺𝐺1 𝑅𝑅1
2 6 5 4
𝑃𝑃(𝑅𝑅) = . + 7.
7 7 7
32
𝑃𝑃(𝑅𝑅) = 49

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 63

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

109. (a) Let A represent obtaining sum greater than 9 and B represents black dice resulted in a
5.

n(S) = 36
n(A) = { (4, 6), (5, 5), (5, 6), (6, 4), (6, 5), ( 6,6) } = 6

n(B) = { (5,1), (5,2), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6)} = 6

n(A ∩ B) = { (5,5), (5,6) } = 2

𝐴𝐴 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵)
𝑃𝑃 � � =
𝐵𝐵 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵)
2
1
= 36
6 = .
3
36
(b) Let A represent obtaining sum is 4 and B represents the both the dice show different
number.

n(S) = 36,

n(A) = {(1,3) (2,2), (3, 1)} = 3

n(B) = 30

n (A ∩ B) = {(1,3), (3,1)} = 2
2
𝐴𝐴 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴∩𝐵𝐵)
P (sum of the numbers showing different number is 4) = 𝑃𝑃 � � = = 36
30 =
𝐵𝐵 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵)
36
1
.
15
P (sum of the numbers showing different number is not 4).

𝐴𝐴′ 𝐴𝐴 1 14
𝑃𝑃 � � = 1 − 𝑃𝑃 � � = 1 − =
𝐵𝐵 𝐵𝐵 15 15

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 64

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

110.

Let Q be the foot of the perpendicular from P to AB and let Q divide AB in the ratio k:1.

3𝑘𝑘+1 4𝑘𝑘+2 5𝑘𝑘+4

Co-ordinates of Q = � 𝑘𝑘+1 , 𝑘𝑘+1
, 𝑘𝑘+1
�

3𝑘𝑘+1 4𝑘𝑘+2 5𝑘𝑘+4

Direction Ratios of PQ = 𝑘𝑘+1
− 2, 𝑘𝑘+1
− 1, 𝑘𝑘+1
−3

𝑘𝑘−1 3𝑘𝑘+1 2𝑘𝑘+1

= 𝑘𝑘+1 , 𝑘𝑘+1
, 𝑘𝑘+1

Direction Ratios of AB = < 3 -1, 4 - 2, 5 – 4 >

= <2, 2, 1>

As 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 ⊥ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴,

𝑘𝑘 − 1 3𝑘𝑘 + 1 2𝑘𝑘 + 1
2� � + 2� � + 1� �=0
𝑘𝑘 + 1 𝑘𝑘 + 1 𝑘𝑘 + 1
1
=−
10

7 16 35
Co-ordinates of Q = �9 , , 9 � = Location of meeting point.
9

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

111. (a) Let 𝑎𝑎⃗ = −2𝚤𝚤̂ + 3𝚥𝚥̂ + 5𝑘𝑘�, 𝑏𝑏�⃗ = 𝚤𝚤̂ + 2𝚥𝚥̂ + 3𝑘𝑘� , 𝑐𝑐⃗ = 7𝚤𝚤̂ − 𝑘𝑘�.
The vector equation of AB is given by 𝑟𝑟⃗ = 𝑎𝑎 + 𝜆𝜆(𝑏𝑏 − 𝑎𝑎).
𝑟𝑟⃗ = �−2𝚤𝚤̂ + 3𝚥𝚥̂ + 5𝑘𝑘�� + 𝜆𝜆��𝚤𝚤̂ + 2𝚥𝚥̂ + 3𝑘𝑘� � − �−2𝚤𝚤̂ + 3𝚥𝚥̂ + 5𝑘𝑘���
𝑟𝑟⃗ = �−2𝚤𝚤̂ + 3𝚥𝚥̂ + 5𝑘𝑘�� + 𝜆𝜆�3𝚤𝚤̂ − 𝚥𝚥̂ − 2𝑘𝑘��
(b) The three cities will lie on the same straight path if they are collinear.
So if C lies on AB, the three points are collinear.
When,
7𝚤𝚤̂ − 𝑘𝑘� =
�−2𝚤𝚤̂ + 3𝚥𝚥̂ + 5𝑘𝑘��
+𝜆𝜆�3𝚤𝚤̂ − 𝚥𝚥̂ − 2𝑘𝑘��
we get,
7 = −2 + 3𝜆𝜆, 0
= 3 − 𝜆𝜆, −1 = 5 − 2𝜆𝜆
The value of 𝜆𝜆 = 3 satisfies all three equations. So, C lies on AB.
Hence, we can conclude that they three cities lie on the same straight path.

(c) Let P be the destination point.

Co-ordinates of P is (3r – 2, -r + 3, -2r + 5).
CP = √126 = �(3𝑟𝑟 − 2 − 7)2 + (3 − 𝑟𝑟)2 + (5 − 2𝑟𝑟 + 1)2
r (r – 6) = 0
r = 0 or 6
If r = 0, P is (-2, 3, 5) which is the City A.
So, for r = 6,
P is (16, -3, -7)
Position vector of P is 16𝚤𝚤̂ − 3𝚥𝚥̂ − 7𝑘𝑘�.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 66

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

(a) Requirement will be met if the lines are coplanar.
112.
To be coplanar,
2 − (−1) 4 − (−3) 6 − (−5)
� 3 5 7 �=0
1 𝑘𝑘 7
3 7 11
�3 5 7 � = 0
1 𝑘𝑘 7

3(35 – 7k) – 7(21-7) + 11(3k-5) = 0

105 -21k -147 + 49 +33k -55 = 0
12k = 48 ⇒ k = 4

(b) The equation of the plane is:

𝑥𝑥 + 1 𝑦𝑦 + 3 𝑧𝑧 + 5
� 3 5 7 �=0
1 4 7
(x +1) (35 – 28) – (y +3) (21 – 7) + (z+5) (12 – 5) = 0

x - 2y + z = 0.
𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟
113. (a) 𝐴𝐴 �𝑝𝑝 , 0, 0�, 𝐵𝐵(0, 𝑟𝑟, 0), 𝐶𝐶 �0, 0, 𝑝𝑝�
(b) Let the orthocentre be O (a, b, c).
𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 ⊥ 𝐵𝐵𝐵𝐵 ⇒ 𝑐𝑐 = 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏
0𝐵𝐵 ⊥ 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 ⇒ 𝑎𝑎 = 𝑐𝑐

𝑏𝑏
∴ 𝑎𝑎 = 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = 𝑐𝑐 ⇒ 𝑎𝑎 = = 𝑐𝑐 = 𝑘𝑘(𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠)
1�
𝑝𝑝
Since, the orthocentre lies on the plane px + y + pz = r,
𝑘𝑘 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + + 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 = 𝑟𝑟 ⇒ 𝑘𝑘 = = 2
𝑝𝑝 1
2𝑝𝑝 + 𝑝𝑝 2𝑝𝑝 + 1
𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟
Co-ordinates of the orthocentre is �2𝑝𝑝2+1 , 2𝑝𝑝2 +1 , 2𝑝𝑝2+1�.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 67

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

114. (a) Since M is the foot of the perpendicular on the ZX plane M (2, 0, 2).
Since N is the foot of the perpendicular on the XY plane N (2, 1, 0).
Plane through origin will be Ax + By + Cz = 0.
𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵 𝐶𝐶
Since M and N lie on the plane, we get 1 = −2 = −1
The equation of plane is 𝑥𝑥 − 2𝑦𝑦 − 𝑧𝑧 = 0.

(b) d.r of OP < 2, 1, 2 >

1 1
d.r of normal to plane OMN < 2 , −1, − 2 >
1 1
2 �2� + 1(−1) + 2 �− 2� −2
cos(90 − 𝜃𝜃) = =
1 2 1 2 3√6
√22 + 1 + 22 ��2� + 1 + �2�
2
𝜃𝜃 = sin−1 �3√6� (as acute angle)

2 2
(c) 𝛼𝛼 = sin−1 �√22 � = sin−1 �3�
+1+22

1 1
𝛽𝛽 = sin−1 �√22 � = sin−1 �3�
+1+22
2 2
𝛾𝛾 = sin−1 � � = sin−1 � �
√22 + 1 + 22 3
R.H.S = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝛼𝛼 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝛽𝛽 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2 𝛾𝛾
2 2
2
9 9 27 3√6
=4+9+4= = � � = 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿.
2 2

115.

2
∴Required Area = �∫−1[−(𝑥𝑥 + 2) − (−𝑥𝑥 2 )]𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑�
2
𝑥𝑥 2 𝑥𝑥 3
= ��− − 2𝑥𝑥 + � �
2 3 −1
9
= 2 sq units.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 68

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

116. 8
The sketch of the curve: 𝑦𝑦 = 1 + 𝑥𝑥 2 is shown in the figure:

4 8
Required area = ∫2 �1 + 𝑥𝑥 2 � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 4 sq units
𝑎𝑎 8
Now; ∫2 �1 + 𝑥𝑥 2 � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 2
8
⇒ 𝑎𝑎 − +2=2
𝑎𝑎
𝑎𝑎 = 2√2.
117.

Given curve: 𝑦𝑦 2 = 4𝑎𝑎(𝑥𝑥 + 𝜆𝜆) is a parabola with vertex at (−𝜆𝜆, 0), axis of symmetry x-
axis and it opens on the right.
Also, when x = 0
∴ 𝑦𝑦 = ±2√𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
∴ The co-ordinates of M (0, 2 √𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎) and P (0, ̶ 2 √𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)
0
∴ Required Area = ∫−𝜆𝜆 2√𝑎𝑎√𝑥𝑥 + 𝜆𝜆
4
= 3 𝜆𝜆√𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 Squ. units.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 69

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

𝜎𝜎𝑦𝑦 10
118. 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = 𝑟𝑟 = 0.65 ×
𝜎𝜎𝑥𝑥 4
= 1.625

𝜎𝜎𝑥𝑥 4
𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 = 𝑟𝑟 = 0.65 ×
𝜎𝜎𝑦𝑦 10
= 0.26
𝑦𝑦 − 𝑦𝑦� = 𝑏𝑏𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 (𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥̅ )
⇒ 𝑦𝑦 − 75 = 1.625(𝑥𝑥 − 15)
⇒ 𝑦𝑦 = 1.625𝑥𝑥 + 50.625

𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥̅ = 𝑏𝑏𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 (𝑦𝑦 − 𝑦𝑦�)

⇒𝑥𝑥 − 15 = 0.26(𝑦𝑦 − 75)
⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = 0 ⋅ 26𝑥𝑥 − 4.5
(a) At x = 20,
y = 83.125
(b) At y = 40,
x = 5.9 hours.
119. (a) 𝑍𝑍 is minimum at 𝐴𝐴(0,8) and 𝑍𝑍min = −32,
𝑍𝑍 is maximum at 𝐸𝐸(4,0) and 𝑍𝑍max = 12.

(b) At B (4, 10), Z = 4p +10 q

At C (6, 8), Z = 6p + 8q
As Z is maximum for both cases, 4p + 10q = 6p +8q
⇒ p = q is the required condition.

(c) Infinite solutions.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 70

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

120.
(a)

x y (x-𝒙𝒙‾)2 (x-𝒙𝒙‾)(y-𝒚𝒚‾)
14 22 1 0
12 23 1 -1
13 17 0 0
14 24 1 2
16 18 9 -12
10 25 9 -9
13 23 0 0
12 24 1 -2

∑x= 104
∑y=176
∑(x-𝑥𝑥‾)2=22
∑(x-𝑥𝑥‾)(y-𝑦𝑦‾) =-22
(b)
104
𝑥𝑥‾ = = 13,
8
176
𝑦𝑦‾ = = 22
8
∑(x − 𝑥𝑥‾)(y − 𝑦𝑦‾) −22
∴ 𝑏𝑏𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 = = = −1
∑(x − 𝑥𝑥‾)2 22

∴ The line of regression of 𝑦𝑦 on x is given by

(c) y − 22 = −1(x − 13)

y = −x + 35

Comparing y = −x + 35 with y = a+bx we get,

a=35 and b= -1.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 71

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

121. (a) It is clear from the graph that f is not a one-to-one function.

For example, f(x)=0 corresponds to three different x values (i.e., f is many-to-one).

As the graph shows, ‘f’ is not one-to-one. Therefore, it cannot have an inverse.

(b) Use derivative to find x-coordinates of turning points:

𝑓𝑓 ′ (𝑥𝑥) = 6𝑥𝑥 2 − 6𝑥𝑥 − 12 = 0
⇒ 𝑥𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑥 − 2 = 0
⇒ (𝑥𝑥 + 1)(𝑥𝑥 − 2) = 0
⇒ 𝑥𝑥 = −1,2
⇒ 𝑎𝑎 = −1 𝑏𝑏 = 2
⇒ 𝑓𝑓(𝑎𝑎) = 𝑓𝑓(−1) = 15, 𝑓𝑓(𝑏𝑏) = 𝑓𝑓(2) = −12

So, ‘f’ has domain −1 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 2 and range −12 ⩽ 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) ⩽ 15.

−1
The domain of f − 12 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ 15 and the range is −1 ⩽ 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥) ⩽ 2.

122. P (Winning of Delhi) = P (Losing of Jaipur) =

1
5
1
P (Losing of Delhi) = P (Winning of Jaipur) = 2
3
P (Drawing of Delhi) = P (drawing of Jaipur) = 10

Let X be the point of Jaipur after two games and Y be the points of Delhi after two games.
According to the given information,

X 10 8 6 3 0
Y 0 3 6 8 10

(a) Now, P (X > Y)

P (1st match win by Jaipur) P (2nd match win by Jaipur) + P (1st match win by Jaipur) P
(2nd match draw by Jaipur) + P (1st match draw by Jaipur) P (2nd match win by Jaipur)
1 1 1 3 3 1 11
= 2 . 2 + 2 . 10 + 10 . 2 = 20

(b) Now, P (X= Y)

P (1st match win by Jaipur) P (2nd match win by Delhi) + P (1st match win by Delhi) P (2nd
match win by Jaipur) + P (1st match draw by Jaipur) P (2nd match draw by Delhi)
1 1 1 1 3 3 29
= 2 . 5 + 5 . 2 + 10 . 10 = 100

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

123.

Let P, Q be the two points on their respective paths when they are closest.
∴PQ is ⊥ to both line I and line II.
General point online -I
P (λ+6, -2 λ +2, 2 λ +2)

General point on line –II

Q(3μ -4 , -2 μ , -2 μ -1)
d.r of PQ
< 3 μ - λ -10, -2 μ +2 λ -2,
-2 μ -2 λ -3>
Line I ⊥ PQ
⇒-3 λ+ μ=4
Line II ⊥ PQ
⇒-3 λ+17 μ =20
Solving,
λ = -1, μ =1.
P (5,4,0)
Q ( -1, -2, -3)

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 73

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

124. (a) Let x and y denote, respectively, the number of Android and iOS cell phones.
Thus, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0. Since, the company can make at most 300 sets a week, therefore,
x+y ≤ 300.

Weekly cost (in ₹) of manufacturing the set is 1800x + 2700y and the company can spend
up to ₹ 648000. Therefore, 1800x + 2700y ≤ 648000, i.e., or 2x + 3y ≤ 720
The total profit on x black and white sets and y colour sets is ₹ (500x + 600y).
Objective function is Maximize Z = 510x + 675y.

(b) Values of Objective function Z = 510x+675y at corner points.

C (0, 240) 162000

B (180, 120) 172800
A (300, 0) 153000
O (0,0) 0

(c) Maximum Z is 172800 at the point B (180, 120).

(d) Weekly cost = 1800x 180 + 2700 x 120 = 648000.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 74

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

125. (a) Let cost per kg of apple, grapes and orange be ₹𝑥𝑥 , ₹ 𝑦𝑦 and ₹ 𝑧𝑧 respectively.
Then according to the given condition, we have
4𝑥𝑥 + 3𝑦𝑦 + 2𝑧𝑧 = 600,
2𝑥𝑥 + 4𝑦𝑦 + 6𝑧𝑧 = 900,
6𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 + 3𝑧𝑧 = 700.
4 3 2 𝑥𝑥 600
Which can be written in matrix form as �2 4 6� . �𝑦𝑦� = �900�
6 2 3 𝑧𝑧 700
AX = B
4 3 2 𝑥𝑥 600
Where, A = �2 4 6�, X = �𝑦𝑦� and B = �900�
6 2 3 𝑧𝑧 700
4 3 2
(b) Now, |𝐴𝐴| = �2 4 6� = 50 ≠ 0
6 2 3
∴ Above system of equation is consistent and has unique solution given by X = 𝐴𝐴−1 𝐵𝐵

0 30 −20 0 −5 10
Co-factor of A = �−5 0 10 � ⟹ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 (𝐴𝐴) = � 30 0 −20�
10 −20 10 −20 10 10
0 −5 10
1 1
Now 𝐴𝐴−1 = |𝐴𝐴| (𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)= 50 � 30 0 −20�
−20 10 10
0 −5 10 600 2500 50
1 1
(c) X= 50 � 30 � �
0 −20 900 50 4000� = � � = � 80�
−20 10 10 700 4000 80
𝑥𝑥 = 50, 𝑦𝑦 = 80 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑧𝑧 = 80
Hence, cost of 1 kg apple = ₹ 50, cost of 1kg grapes = ₹80 and cost of 1kg orange = ₹80.

126.
(a) X 299 199 99 -1
P(X) .001 .001 .001 .997

(b) Let W, denote the event of winning any money in the purchase of one ticket. Using the
table:
P(W) = P (299) + P (199) +P (99)
=0.001 +0.001+ 0.001
= 0.003
(c) E(X) = (299)(0.001) +(199)(0.001) + (99)(0.001) +(-1)(0.997)
= -0.4
Negative expectation means that a person will lose money even if multiple tickets are
purchased.

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Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

127. Consider the sample space S = {HHHH, HHHT, THHH, THHT, HHTT, TTHH…..} =
24 = 16
Let X be the random variable giving Ram’s gain:
According to the given information the following table summarizes the situation
Sample Value of x
point
HHHH 3
HHHT 2
THHH 2
HHTT 1
THHT 1
TTHH 1
Any other -1

Probability distribution of variable:

X 3 2 1 −1

P(X) 1 1 3 5
16 8 16 8
1 1 3 5
Hence, 𝐸𝐸(𝑋𝑋) = 3. 16 + 2. 8 + 1. 16 + (−1). 8 = 0

∴ Expectation of Ram is 0.
Since, Ram’s gain and losses are Shyam’s losses and gain respectively and Ram does not
expect to lose or gain anything.
Shyam’s expectation is also 0.
Hence, the game is fair.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 76

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

128. (a) Since the fuel cost is proportional to the square of the speed:

𝐶𝐶𝑓𝑓 = 𝑘𝑘𝑣𝑣 2

Given that 𝐶𝐶𝑓𝑓 = 75 when v=10

75 = k (10)2

k = 0.75.
(b) Total cost = 0.75𝑣𝑣 2 + 1000
0⋅75𝑣𝑣 2 +1000 1000
Cost per unit distance = 𝐶𝐶𝑑𝑑 = 𝑣𝑣
= 0.75𝑣𝑣 + 𝑣𝑣
(c) For most economical speed cost per unit distance should be minimum.
1000
𝐶𝐶𝑑𝑑′ = 0.75 − 2
𝑣𝑣
1000
𝐶𝐶𝑑𝑑′ = 0 ⇒ 𝑣𝑣 2 =
0.75
𝑣𝑣 = 36 ⋅ 51
2000
𝐶𝐶𝑑𝑑′′ = 3 > 0
𝑣𝑣
v = 36.51 is point of minima.
Most economical speed is 36.51 knots.
𝑥𝑥
129. 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 4 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
� 𝑥𝑥
1 − 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 4
𝑥𝑥
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
4
=∫ 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 4�1−𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 4�

𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
4 4
=∫ 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
�1−𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 4��1−𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠2 4�

𝑥𝑥
Let sin 4 = 𝑡𝑡
𝑥𝑥
cos 4 dx = 4 dt

𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 1 1𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

4 ∫ (1+𝑡𝑡)(1−𝑡𝑡)2 = − ∫ 1+𝑡𝑡 − ∫ 1−𝑡𝑡 + 2 ∫ (1−𝑡𝑡)2

1
= − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(1 + 𝑡𝑡) + 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(1 − 𝑡𝑡) + 2 (1−𝑡𝑡)+ c

= − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(1 + 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑥𝑥) + 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(1 − 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑥𝑥) + 2(1 + 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑥𝑥) + 𝑐𝑐.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 77

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

130. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑡𝑡 3 𝑥𝑥

�� � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
1 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 3 𝑥𝑥
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑥𝑥 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2 𝑥𝑥
=� 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
1 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 3 𝑥𝑥
let cot x = t
So, cosec2x dx = dt
𝑡𝑡
� 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
1 + 𝑡𝑡 3
𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
=�
(1 + 𝑡𝑡)(𝑡𝑡 2 − 𝑡𝑡 + 1)
1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 1 (𝑡𝑡 + 1)
=− � + � 2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
3 𝑡𝑡 + 1 3 𝑡𝑡 − 𝑡𝑡 + 1
1 3
1 1 2 (2𝑡𝑡 − 1) + 2
= − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(𝑡𝑡 + 1) + � 2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
3 3 𝑡𝑡 − 𝑡𝑡 + 1
1 1 (2𝑡𝑡 − 1)𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
= − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(𝑡𝑡 + 1) + � 2 + � 2
3 6 𝑡𝑡 − 𝑡𝑡 + 1 2 𝑡𝑡 − 𝑡𝑡 + 1
1 1 1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
= − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(𝑡𝑡 + 1) + 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(𝑡𝑡 2 − 𝑡𝑡 + 1) + � 2
3 6 2 1 2 √3
�𝑡𝑡 − 2� + � 2 �

1 1 2
1×2 −1
𝑡𝑡 − 1�2
= − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(𝑡𝑡 + 1) + 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(𝑡𝑡 − 𝑡𝑡 + 1) + 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 � �
3 6 2 × √3 √3�
2
1 1 1 2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑥𝑥 − 1
= − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(1 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑥𝑥) + 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙(𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 2 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑥𝑥 + 1) + 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡−1 � � + 𝑐𝑐
3 6 √3 √3
131. (a) Since 𝑓𝑓 ′ (1) exists ⇒𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is differentiable at 𝑥𝑥 = 1.
⇒ 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is also continuous at 𝑥𝑥 = 1.
Hence, the statement is true.
(b) 𝑎𝑎 + sin−1 (1 + 𝑏𝑏) = 1

1
′ (𝑥𝑥)=��1−(𝑥𝑥 + 𝑏𝑏)2 , 𝑥𝑥 ≥ 1
(c) 𝑓𝑓
1 , 𝑥𝑥 < 1

(𝑑𝑑) 𝑎𝑎 = 1, 𝑏𝑏 = −1.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 78

Mathematics ISC-Class XII

S.No. Expected Answers

𝜋𝜋
132. (a) 2 cos �𝑥𝑥 + 6 �
(b) −2
𝜋𝜋
(c) �3 , 2�
𝜋𝜋 4𝜋𝜋
(d) �3 , 3
�
(e) 2
1
(f) 2

𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦
[ tan +1]
133. (a)
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
= 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 −1
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
𝑦𝑦
(b) Appropriate Substitution: y = vx or𝑥𝑥 = 𝑣𝑣
1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
(c) ∫ �𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑣𝑣 − 𝑣𝑣� 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 2 ∫ 𝑥𝑥
+c
𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦
(𝑑𝑑)𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 � � =cxy or xy cos =A
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥

(e) when x=1, y=1, c= sec(1)=1.85

Solution,
𝑦𝑦
Sec (𝑥𝑥 )=1.85xy

When x=1, y=1, A=cos (1)=0.54

Solution,
𝑦𝑦
xy cos (𝑥𝑥 )=0.54

134. 2
(a) tan 𝛼𝛼 = 𝑥𝑥 , tan(𝛼𝛼 + 𝜃𝜃) = 𝑥𝑥
3

3 2
(b) 𝜃𝜃 = 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡−1𝑥𝑥 − 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡−1𝑥𝑥

𝑑𝑑𝜃𝜃 (𝑥𝑥 2 −6)

(c) =− (𝑥𝑥 2 +9)(𝑥𝑥 2 +4)
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝜃𝜃 �𝑥𝑥−√6��𝑥𝑥+√6�
=− (𝑥𝑥 2 +9)(𝑥𝑥 2 +4)
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝑑𝑑𝜃𝜃 𝑑𝑑𝜃𝜃
for slightly < √6 , 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 > 0 , for slightly > √6 , 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 < 0
𝑑𝑑𝜃𝜃
i.e. 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 is changing its sign from +ve to - ve as x increases through √6 .
Hence, at x =√6 = f(x) has local maximum].

(d) 𝑥𝑥 = ±√6
(e) Sonia should stand √6 m from the wall in order to maximize her viewing angle of the
painting.

ISC Competency-Focused Practice Questions 79